Peristaltic movement and papilla contraction complicate ERCP cannulation; an expandable accessory stabilizes the endoscope before the critical maneuver.
An asymmetric flow-assist balloon guides an ICE catheter through acute cardiac angles, limiting prolapse during pulmonary artery placement.
A balloon catheter uses differential inflation, pre-curved guidance, and secure positioning to control posterior epistaxis and limit bleeding risk.
Pre-pleating creates predictable folds that reduce catheter balloon insertion and withdrawal forces while supporting smaller catheter sizes.
Intermittent superior vena cava occlusion lowers ventricular filling pressures while limiting renal vein pressure effects.
Concealing the blades in a protective bag and deploying them after balloon expansion helps navigate tortuous vessels while limiting vessel damage.