A biometric sensor reuses its LED and light receiver as an optical data link, avoiding noisy power-signal communication during wireless charging.
Broadcast control signals let EV charge-discharge elements request local permission, cutting server load and blocking unauthorized facility use.
Audio tones or optical signals unlock an ENDS device only after age verification, reducing unauthorized use without complex onboard authentication.
Wireless-first, priority-based charging communication helps vehicles connect across multiple standards and use automatic charging or Plug & Charge.
User-driven ISO 15118 standard switching shortens EV charging connection setup by avoiding unwanted VPP-first negotiation.
Horizontal acceleration sensing lets the control unit track phone movement and reposition the transmitting coil to sustain in-vehicle charging efficiency.
Charging the SWI line, then sampling its voltage, enables fast module presence detection with minimal communication overhead and no added hardware.
A current-pattern authentication flow also measures pack-to-vehicle contact resistance, helping prevent battery misidentification and unsafe connections.
Mutual authentication and tamper-resistant deterioration records let charging stations block worn batteries and maintain EV power availability.
DC pulse charging with testing between high-voltage pulses speeds EV charging while detecting faults to protect the vehicle and station.
Sensors and a movable under-parking connector align with the vehicle inlet, enabling EV charging where kerbside space is limited.
Electrical storage devices self-select and switch unused communication addresses to avoid conflicts and simplify auxiliary power module inventory.
Multiple batteries can be charged at once while battery IDs link each user and mobile device for personalized charging and social interaction.
Drive rollers rotate EV wheels so onboard generation charges the battery without cables, reducing charging hazards and transfer losses.
Thermal layers, segmented coils, and high-Q resonance improve wireless charging distance while controlling heat and detecting external objects.
Direct device-to-charger authentication verifies valid keys without network access, blocking counterfeit chargers and supporting credential revocation.
Orientation-based motor control and an ID-pin charging port improve rider stability, user control, and charging security in a one-wheeled board.
Function negotiation lets charging devices switch between charging, discharging, and energy feedback to improve battery use and avoid wasted energy.
A proximity circuit doubles as a serial link so the vehicle can identify EVSE coupler limits and match output to cable capacity.
Disabling the BMS communication bus during pack mode switching avoids electrical transients while preserving coordinated charge and discharge control.
Unidirectional receiver advertisements replace bidirectional links, enabling secure wireless charging with lower memory use.
Authentication over the NFC link blocks unauthorized charging and protects privacy while keeping wireless power transfer convenient.
A communication unit detects authentication messages from a power supply and limits selected functions to keep operation within available power.
Dual authentication of the power source and receiver enables negotiated wireless power levels that prevent overheating and preserve legacy compatibility.
Default-to-proprietary PD negotiation lets portable devices use generic USB-C adapters without the performance loss caused by mismatched power modes.
Time-division use of a second power terminal carries charging power and data, enabling charger compatibility checks and preventing mismatched charging.
Battery-pack memory compares versions across chargers and powered equipment to spread parameter and software updates while sustaining CPR device runtime.
Encrypted duty cycle packets identify EVs and EVSE during AC charging, enabling compatible load control and better grid stability.
Mutual wireless authentication links an EV body and detachable battery so only authorized packs power the motor and stolen batteries are flagged.
Pre-charging assessment checks charger connection and setup, then alerts operators with audio or visual confirmation before charging begins.
Dynamic mode selection matches charger output with battery input capability to improve charging efficiency, safety, and fault prevention.
Type-data exchange between a battery pack and electric work machine blocks incompatible discharge while keeping connector use consistent.
Physical phone placement in a secure charging location verifies user proximity for fraud detection without relying on unreliable location signals.
Adaptive peak-frequency thresholds help a wireless charger distinguish foreign objects from receivers, reducing heating, power waste, and damage.
An improved H-bridge BBU charge circuit switches pre-charge, constant-current, and constant-voltage modes while blocking current backflow.
A plug-identified DC receptacle matches device voltage directly, cutting AC-DC conversion loss and enabling demand control in buildings.
Cryptographic verification in a battery management unit enables authorized module transfer between systems while protecting battery data integrity.
Data-packet negotiation sets the right charging direction between devices and keeps adjusting power flow from battery and temperature status.
Adjustable resistors, amplification, and filtering adapt EV charging guidance signals to different regional standards for reliable charging.
When battery packs and power tools share one channel, handshake mode switching and encrypted authentication prevent shutdowns and unauthorized access.
Reset messaging lets wireless power receivers and transmitters restart authentication quickly without mixing old and new protocol data.
Multiple charging stations detect battery pack type and manufacturer to match compatible wireless charging modes and report status clearly.
An ID resistor built into the battery label lets pogo-pin contacts verify cell type and block incompatible batteries that risk unsafe voltage or capacity.
Handshake negotiation lets a mobile terminal set safe charging current limits, enabling faster charging without overheating or burnout.
By blocking external requests until cable authentication finishes, the power supply shortens authentication time and speeds power capability selection.
Pre-charging checks verify charger connection, switch status, and battery readiness, then alert operators with audio or visual feedback.
Pre-stored backup connection data lets a battery swap station authenticate vehicles and complete swaps when network links or cloud servers fail.
BLE carries Qi control packets outside the power link, cutting charging-state delay and enabling faster dynamic wireless power control.
Blockchain smart contracts authenticate EV charging users without centralized PKI, cutting certificate complexity and supporting sharing transfers.