See how a thermoelectric module in the coolant loop enables continuous compressor operation and
See how relative supercooling corrected by outside air temperature enables accurate refrigerant
See how a corrugated stainless steel pipe with austenite matrix attenuates compressor vibration
See how blending HFO-1123 with HFO-1234yf in specific ratios achieves low global warming potent
See how a quaternary mixture of R32, R125, R134a, and 1234yf achieves GWP ≤1500 and ASHRAE non-
See how a relay unit uses heat medium pipes to enable simultaneous cooling and heating while pr
See how a modular gas dryer uses dual cooling circuits with evaporator-based working fluid cont
See how coupling tubes and shared heat-exchange fins pre-cool suction refrigerant to reduce com
See how a multiphase pump and vapor-liquid separator reduce capital and operating costs in proc
See how a variable-capacity compressor uses outdoor and return air temperature slopes to comman
See how controllable motive nozzles and adjustable diffusers enable ejector systems to adapt fl
See how optimized N-butane and ethylene refrigerant ratios with multiple heat exchangers reduce
See how dual temperature detection and internal heat exchange enable stable expansion-valve con
See how a divided condenser with bypass control prevents high-temperature feed water from heati
See how a chiller purging device replaces float-type sensors with pressure-based liquid level d
See how pitched-vane swirlers upstream of the motive nozzle introduce rotational motion to impr
See how ejector geometry and supercritical CO₂ enable high-velocity turbine power generation wh
See how a flash tank and parallel compressor configuration eliminates desuperheater needs when
See how upstream and downstream actuating bars maintain coaxial alignment in an annular ejector
See how a dual-compressor refrigeration unit uses crossover frequency control to prevent short
See how series-connected auxiliary gas cooler, intercooler, and main gas cooler maintain coolin
See how differential pressure sensing across a heat exchanger replaces electromagnetic flow met
See how coordinated LT and MT compressor start logic maintains suction pressure within a neutra
See how tangential-velocity nozzles and diffusers improve ejector efficiency in transcritical r
See how a tetrafluoropropene-based refrigerant blend balances non-flammability, low GWP, and eq
See how aerodynamic characteristic maps and refrigerant heat exchange calculations replace flow
Azeotrope-like blends of hexafluorobutene with low-boiling refrigerants cut GWP while preserving energy performance in vapor-compression systems.
Pre-adjusting HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf fill composition limits transfer-induced drift, preserving refrigerant performance and flammability safety.
Multiple hydrocarbon micro-loops and an intermediate coolant circuit keep merchandiser cooling within the 150 g charge limit while reducing ignition risk.
A vaporizing coolant loop with a backpressure valve adapts aircraft electronics cooling to changing heat loads while cutting thermal system weight.
A blended HFO/HFC refrigerant balances low GWP, non-flammability, and R-404A or R-507 replacement with minimal system changes.
An incombustible non-azeotropic refrigerant mix enables single-circuit freezing below -85°C while avoiding complex multistage systems.
Coordinated LT and MT compressor startup uses a neutral suction pressure zone to prevent MT alarms and keep cooling circuits stable.
By moving refrigerant mostly as gas through decentralized condenser-evaporator units, this case cuts liquid inventory while maintaining cooling capacity.
Parallel-plane fluid passages with lateral holes cut pressure loss and improve flow distribution in refrigeration heat exchangers.
A refrigerant vessel creates turbulent flow and staged expansion between condenser and evaporator to cut compression energy and boost capacity.
A desuperheating unit and staged gas-cooler fans improve transcritical refrigeration efficiency and cooling at high ambient temperatures.
Flash gas from the CO2 receiver is expanded through an internal heat exchanger to cool liquid refrigerant and warm suction gas before compression.
Valve-controlled CO2 flow switches between cooling circuits to maintain efficient aerospace heat rejection across changing ambient conditions.
Solenoid-switched CO2 flow recovers unused coolant between heating and cooling cycles, improving utilization and shortening cycle time.
A thermoelectric quick-cooling module coupled to the evaporator pipe rapidly chills a dedicated compartment and also supports thawing with low power use.
Dynamic valve control uses ambient temperature and refrigerant pressure to stabilize CO2 flow across subcritical and transcritical operation.
A multi-component refrigerant blend extends phase change to match R22 performance while lowering flammability, GWP, and mineral-oil compatibility issues.
Predefined motor torque limits curb axial rotor movement during speed changes, reducing wear and improving compressor reliability.
Heat exchange between two evaporators equalizes temperature, avoids pump-down, protects compressor pressure, and cuts power use.
Adjustable refrigerant injection keeps compressor discharge temperature within safe limits in R32 heat pump cooling and heating modes.
Stacked condenser and evaporator plates with an integrated expansion element cut installation space and cost while maintaining efficient refrigerant cooling.
Higher startup frequency on the high-side compressor prevents low-side pressure spikes in the cascade heat exchanger and avoids shutdown.
Transfer liquid links driving and receiving thermodynamic machines to avoid two-phase adiabatic irreversibility and improve heat or cold COP.