See how ionic liquid absorption media with imidazolium cations and fluorinated anions reduce al
An existing circulating pump drains residual water from the boiler and mat through a valved connector, reducing leakage and low-temperature burn risk.
See how dedicated condensers and evaporators in a cascade heat pump eliminate refrigerant flow
See how a main and secondary expansion device configuration optimizes refrigerant throttling to
See how modulating motor-controlled valves stage fluid flow to active condensers only, cutting
See how a triethylene glycol and dialkylimidazolium salt mixture lowers viscosity and prevents
See how a third heat exchanger heats refrigerant with circulating water before compressor intak
Energy-storing heat pumps capture flue-gas heat in high- and low-temperature canisters, shifting heat across valley and peak periods for grid regulation.
See how wiring switching and high-frequency AC voltage enable efficient compressor preheating w
Refrigerant redirection valves adjust condenser and evaporator flow in heat pump dryers, adapting heat exchange without changing compressor operation.
See how a cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene-based composition achieves low GWP and high-temperatur
See how a heat pump uses water as working fluid with phase transitions and turbine expansion to
See how dynamic target temperature adjustment prevents excessive CO₂ refrigerant pressure rise
See how parallel-connected switching element pairs enable high-frequency compressor heating wit
See how a reaction suppression unit with copper, iron, and aluminum inhibits HFO and HCFO isome
See how a rotatable switching valve sequentially supplies high-temperature refrigerant to paral
See how a segmented plate heat exchanger with internal heat recovery eliminates refrigerant flo
A multi-circuit regenerator connects cold- and hot-side exchangers to manage working-fluid heat transfer in a refrigerator.
See how multiple heat storage materials with different conversion temperatures enable efficient
See how cumulative scoring of compressor speed, superheat, and pressure parameters enables auto
See how an acid suppression unit using copper, iron, and aluminum materials enables HFO refrige
Preinstalled communication pipes link switching units and a gas-liquid separator, enabling parallel cooling and heating without new retrofit piping.
See how real-time COP calculation from condensation and evaporation temperatures enables optima
Thermal coupling lets a compression cycle drive operating-fluid separation, supporting COP values of 3 to 15 across partial loads.
A heat pump recovers thermal energy from washer exhaust air to preheat wash liquid, cutting energy use while maintaining NSF hygiene temperatures.
See how E-HFO-1336mzz working fluid enables heat pumps to operate in the 40°C to 135°C range wi
See how rotatable heat exchangers use centrifugal force to reduce boundary layers, prevent foul
See how a multi-component refrigerant blend achieves GWP below 1000 while maintaining cooling a
Staged heating lowers the first-stage water target during a cold start, keeping low-temperature liquid out of the tank while limiting COP deterioration.
See how a composite absorption medium using triethylene glycol and ionic liquid salts maintains
See how a four-way switching valve sequentially defrosts parallel outdoor heat exchanger passag
Traditional fans only move air, while larger heat pumps can be noisy and cumbersome; this hybrid assembly actively heats or cools air at the fan.
See how dedicated heating and cooling headers in each modular chiller unit eliminate inter-modu
See how dedicated heating and cooling headers within each modular unit eliminate inter-module v
See how nested spiral refrigerant tubes with optimized radius and pitch ratios minimize flow pa
See how electromechanical actuators with dwell control replace crank mechanisms in Vuilleumier
A sorption cycle condenses refrigerant vapor into tank heat while ambient-air vaporization and exothermic absorption improve energy use beyond direct heating.
Vacuum boiling accelerates solution regeneration while refrigerant cooling heat supplies regeneration and hot water.
See how a dual-channel heat exchanger separates condenser and evaporator flow paths to reduce p
See how temperature difference monitoring between air and refrigerant triggers defrosting only
High-frequency three-phase switching heats compressor refrigerant across rotor positions while limiting noise and motor shaft vibration.
See how controlled leakage current preheats the inverter stage before compressor startup, preve
A heat pump cycles a phase-change working medium through transformation temperatures, converting low-temperature heat without a cold reservoir.
See how phase-adjusted high-frequency voltage heats the compressor based on temperature feedbac
See how variable compressor speed and adjustable expansion valve control enable heat pumps to m
See how dividing a heat pump module into separate air-flow, compressor, and electrical compartm
See how a single intake duct supplies both blowers in a vehicle heat pump, reducing installatio
See how a cogeneration system merges heat engine electricity generation with heat pump thermal