A rotational antenna directs electromagnetic signals to heat subterranean formations, inducing thermal expansion.
Styrenic-acrylic polymeric rheological modifier creates a yield power law fluid with high yield stress.
A backflow gas heating and throttling device uses a heat pipe to raise natural gas temperature before pressure reduction.
Thermal expansion of liquid hydrocarbons rejuvenates natural fractures, maintaining pressure above the bubble point to recover trapped liquids instead of gas.
A shape deforming sealing element secures to a wellbore inner wall surface using an expandable mandrel.
A coaxial array of mode converters disturbs differential signal propagation to induce currents and electromagnetic fields along a transmission line.
Direct quenching combustion gas with water and solvent reduces thermal energy loss while minimizing CO2 emissions during hydrocarbon recovery.