A movable waveguide bottom steers the RF beam mechanically, avoiding phase shifters, bulky optics, and frequency changes.
Selective activation and phase tuning of waveguide-fed antenna pixels reduces cross-coupling and improves beam steering accuracy.
Partition walls form the waveguide between stacked plates to prevent signal leakage, maintain flatness, and reduce assembly eccentricity.
Optical photodetector control switches slit-crossing diodes in a slow-wave waveguide to steer beams without complex antenna wiring.