Electric propellers handle takeoff lift over the wing, while combustion propellers add thrust on demand to cut maintenance burden and emissions.
Differential electrical braking lets multi-rotor aircraft control pitch, roll, yaw, and descent during power-loss autorotation.
Common-end terminal placement in hairpin stator coils shortens interconnects to cut winding space, weight, and electrical losses.
Differential thrust from fans above and below the wings creates transition moments for stable tail-sitter VTOL orientation changes.
Differential thrust from fans above and below the wings stabilizes tail-sitter VTOL transitions without heavy mechanical components.
Dynamic actuator weighting and control limits redistribute thrust by thermal state to prevent overload and cascading MAV failures.
Differential thrust from fans above and below the wings helps tail-sitter aircraft shift between vertical and horizontal flight with stability.
Adaptive fail-safe mode switching maps eVTOL flight states to suitable landing responses when abnormalities occur, improving landing safety.
Relay output feedback lets a UAV controller diagnose stop-circuit faults and safely halt rotor rotation during emergencies.
When one rotor nears its thrust limit, adjusted demand redistribution preserves pitch, roll, and yaw control while protecting altitude stability.
Precomputed actuator models help an eVTOL flight controller turn requested forces into optimal command mixes for efficient multi-actuator control.
Tiltable rotors and a linear rotor layout widen spraying swath, reduce rotor interference, and improve downwash uniformity for crop protection UAVs.