Composite anodes and cathodes in an electrochemical cell remove chloride ions while preventing electrode corrosion.
A telescopic rod links the submerged device to the water surface for direct visual depth indication.
Distributing iron and palladium clusters within activated carbon mesopores overcomes insufficient dechlorination effectiveness of standard carbon filters.
Calcium fluoride layers wrap ceramic particles to form a reusable bulk matrix, eliminating fine sludge generation during hydrofluoric acid treatment.
A sintered wave polarity conversion unit captures per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances through electrostatic attraction without thermal degradation.