A floating device and transportation method for a submerged tube

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of transporting immersed tubes, and discloses a floating device and a method for transporting immersed tubes, wherein the floating device comprises a pontoon 1 and a pontoon 2 which are arranged relatively to each other, and an operating platform is commonly connected above the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2, and the operating platform comprises a pontoon platform 1, a pontoon platform 2 and a connecting crossbeam, and the pontoon platform 1 has a cantilever platform 1 extending out of the inner side of the pontoon 1, and the pontoon platform 2 has a cantilever platform 2 extending out of the inner side of the pontoon 2, and a single row or multiple rows of pulleys 1 are symmetrically arranged on the cantilever platform 1 and the cantilever platform 2, and the immersed tube is hoisted after the lifting rope connects multiple pulleys 1 in series. The floating device and the method for transporting immersed tubes of the present invention can lift the immersed tubes through the design of series combined hoisting, thereby reducing the requirements of the immersed tube transportation on the water depth of the waterway, and at the same time reducing the navigation height required for the transportation of immersed tubes, and can greatly reduce the water and soil damage and the increase of transportation cost when encountering the transportation road conditions of insufficient water depth of the waterway or the height limit of the bridge hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of immersed tube transportation, in particular to a floating device and a transportation method for an immersed tube. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of immersed tube tunnels in urban inland rivers, it is often necessary to select prefabricated immersed tubes in other places due to land shortage. At present, the transportation of immersed tubes in other places is usually carried out by wet towing or semi-submersible barge transportation. During the wet towing process, due to the large draft of the immersed tube, it is often affected by the water depth of the channel and requires a lot of channel dredging work. Semi-submersible barge transportation needs to be modified because the navigation height is often affected by the height limit of the inland bridge hole. The semi-submersible barge is also affected by the diving depth, and the height of its dock wall cannot be lowered. Therefore, when the immersed tube transportation encounters insufficient water depth of the channel or the height limit of the bridge hole, whether it is channel dredging or modification of the semi-submersible barge will greatly increase the transportation cost, and may even encounter situations where it cannot be implemented. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide a floating device and a transportation method for submerged tubes, which can reduce the draft required for the submerged tube transportation process, reduce the requirement for the water depth of the waterway, thereby reducing or avoiding the work of waterway dredging, and at the same time reduce the navigation height required for the submerged tube transportation, thereby reducing or avoiding the influence of the height limit of the bridge hole. When the waterway depth is insufficient or the bridge hole has a height limit, the water and soil damage and the increase in transportation costs can be greatly reduced.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] The buoyancy control system of claim 1, wherein the buoyancy control system comprises a plurality of buoyancy control members, each of which is configured to control the buoyancy control member to be movable along the length of the buoyancy control member, and a plurality of buoyancy control members are connected to the buoyancy control member to form a movable frame.

[0006] The lifting rope is used to lift the immersed tube through the lifting point of the immersed tube, and the pulleys 1 are arranged in rows to facilitate the series connection of the lifting ropes. In order to lift the immersed tube smoothly, the lifting points of the immersed tube need to be arranged in rows at intervals, and the pulleys 1 are arranged in multiple rows at intervals, that is, the cantilever platform 1 is provided with rows of pulleys 1, and the cantilever platform 2 is also provided with corresponding rows of pulleys 1. The lifting points of the immersed tube can be arranged in multiple rows at corresponding intervals according to the multiple rows of pulleys 1. The lifting rope is used to lift the immersed tube in series at multiple lifting points through the pulleys 1, forming a stable series lifting combination, and utilizing the principle of labor-saving of multiple movable pulleys in series, thereby greatly reducing the pulling force requirement of the winch, realizing the lifting of large immersed tubes, and saving the equipment cost of the winch.

[0007] The pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 are connected as a whole through the operating platform, so that the entire floating device has sufficient buoyancy to support its own weight and the load applied by the lifting. The winch lifts the submerged tube upward toward the submerged tube placement space, and the lifting force applied to the submerged tube can offset part of the weight of the submerged tube, thereby reducing the draft of the submerged tube and reducing the water depth requirement of the waterway for transportation;

[0008] The submerged tube placement space is between the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2, and the cantilever platform 1, the cantilever platform 2 and the connecting crossbeam together serve as the top surface of the submerged tube placement space. When the winch is hoisting on the operating platform, there are pontoons for supporting the operating platform on both sides of the submerged tube, so that the operating platform is subjected to balanced force during hoisting, thereby ensuring the stability of the floating device during hoisting; the floating device does not need to dive into deep water like a semi-submersible barge, so the equipment on the operating platform does not need to be increased in height, so the navigation height of the floating device is much lower than the navigation height of the semi-submersible barge. When a tugboat or other power equipment is used to pull the floating device and then transport the submerged tube, the influence of the height limit of the bridge hole can be reduced or avoided.

[0009] A floating device for a submerged tube of the present invention, through a design of serial combined lifting, can lift large submerged tubes, reduce the draft of the submerged tubes, and further reduce the requirement for the water depth of the waterway for submerged tube transportation, thereby reducing or avoiding the waterway dredging work required for submerged tube transportation, and at the same time reducing the navigation height required for submerged tube transportation, reducing or avoiding the influence of the height limit of the bridge hole. Therefore, when encountering transportation conditions with insufficient water depth of the waterway or height limit of the bridge hole, it can greatly reduce water and soil damage and increase in transportation costs.

[0010] Preferably, a positioning pier is further provided on the bottom surface of the operating platform, the positioning pier is located in the immersed tube placement space, the positioning pier is provided with a protective pad, and the positioning pier is used to abut against the immersed tube.

[0011] Since the immersed tube needs to be hoisted for transportation, in order to improve the stability of the immersed tube during transportation, the positioning pier can be pressed against the hoisted immersed tube, so that the immersed tube can be fixed under the operating platform. The immersed tube will not shake during transportation, and the unbalanced force along the length direction of the immersed tube during transportation may prevent the series-connected lifting ropes from slipping. At the same time, it also prevents the immersed tube and the operating platform from having asynchronous lifting movements. The protective pad of the positioning pier can provide a good supporting surface to protect the immersed tube from damage.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of the connecting beams are spaced apart between the first cantilever platform and the second cantilever platform.

[0013] The pontoon platform 1 and the pontoon platform 2 are connected to form the operating platform by a plurality of connecting beams. The spacing design of the connecting beams can effectively save the area of ​​the operating platform while ensuring the structural strength of the operating platform. It can not only reduce the dead weight and greatly reduce the production cost, but also facilitate the size modification of the operating platform. For example, when hoisting immersed tubes of different sizes, it is only necessary to replace or modify the size of the connecting beams to make the size of the immersed tube placement space adapt to the size of the immersed tube, thereby reducing the difficulty and workload of modifying the operating platform and improving the practicability of the floating device.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes pulley 2, a sling and a hanging plate, wherein pulley 2 is arranged below pulley 1, the sling can vertically connect pulley 1 and pulley 2, pulley 2 is used as a hanging point for the immersed tube, the sling vertically connects the hanging plate and pulley 2, and the hanging plate is used to abut against the lower surface of the immersed tube.

[0015] The lifting rope is used to lift the immersed tube through the lifting point, and the pulley 2 is connected to the upper surface of the immersed tube as the lifting point for connecting the immersed tube, so that the lifting rope can connect multiple pulleys 1 in series and pass through the pulley 2 to form a movable pulley principle to lift the lifting point. The spacing between the multiple pulleys 1 is adjusted to keep the lifting rope in a vertical state to connect the pulley 1 and the pulley 2, so that the traction force of the winch can be fully utilized for vertical multi-point pulling when lifting the immersed tube, and the installation of the lifting equipment is simplified to facilitate construction; through the design of the lifting rope and the hanging plate, the lifting rope passes through the embedded holes in the side wall of the immersed tube with better structural strength to the bottom surface of the immersed tube, so that the lifting force received by each lifting point can act on the bottom of the immersed tube, ensuring that the lifting force of the immersed tube is more reasonable, and avoiding the risk of increasing the embedded steel bars and tensile cracking when only the top of the immersed tube is pulled.

[0016] Preferably, a safety gap is reserved between the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 corresponding to the width of the immersed tube, and the pulleys 1 are arranged in rows along the length direction of the immersed tube placement space.

[0017] Most of the immersed tubes are approximately rectangular structures. The distance between the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 serves as the width of the space for placing the immersed tube, and is slightly larger than the width of the immersed tube. The required width of the operating platform is shortened as much as possible, the strength requirement of the operating platform is reduced, and the reliability of lifting is improved. The reserved safety gap can ensure that the immersed tube will not collide with the floating device during transportation. The arrangement direction of the pulley 1 allows the lifting rope to pass through the pulley 1 on both sides of the immersed tube for serial lifting along the long side direction of the immersed tube, ensuring balanced lifting force.

[0018] Preferably, two winches are provided on each of the pontoon platform 1 and the pontoon platform 2, and the winches correspond laterally to the head and end of the pulley 1 arranged in a row, the two winches of the pontoon platform 1 are connected to the two ends of one lifting rope, and the two winches of the pontoon platform 2 are connected to the two ends of another lifting rope.

[0019] The pulley one on the cantilever platform one is connected in series through one of the lifting ropes, and the pulley one on the cantilever platform two is connected in series through another of the lifting ropes, and the winches are provided at both ends of each lifting rope for pulling. The two ends of the lifting ropes can be retracted and released synchronously, which can speed up the lifting and lowering speed during the submerged tube lifting and increase the rope capacity of the winch. The installation position of the winch allows the lifting rope to be directly connected to the winch in a horizontal state after being turned by 90 degrees by the pulley one, and the lifting rope will not be affected by the deflection and the fixed installation of the lifting rope is also convenient.

[0020] Preferably, the operating platform is also provided with a control system, the control system is electrically connected to the winch, and the control system is located on the pontoon platform one or the pontoon platform two.

[0021] The control system facilitates automated control of the winch and saves manpower. The control system is located directly above the pontoon one or the pontoon two. Compared with the control system being located above the connecting beam, the control system is easier to arrange and will not interfere with the replacement construction of the connecting beam. When the size of the connecting beam is changed, the replacement workload can be significantly reduced.

[0022] Preferably, both the pontoon one and the pontoon two are provided with a pumping system, the pumping system is electrically connected to the control system, and the pumping system is used to control the water storage amount in the pontoon one and the pontoon two.

[0023] The pumping system can be used to adjust the draft of the pontoon, thereby facilitating the control of the height of the submerged tube placement space above the water surface. The draft of the submerged tube during transportation can be adjusted accordingly, so that the operating platform can be suitable for lifting submerged tubes of various specifications, and can make appropriate adjustments according to changes in the waterway depth or navigation altitude during transportation.

[0024] Preferably, both ends of the long sides of pontoon 1 and pontoon 2 are provided with transverse cable adjustment winches, the transverse cable adjustment winches are connected with transverse adjustment cables, the transverse adjustment cables are used to connect the corners of the top surface of the immersed tube, and the connecting crossbeam is provided with longitudinal cable adjustment winches, the longitudinal cable adjustment winches are connected with longitudinal adjustment cables, and the longitudinal adjustment cables are used to connect the longitudinal pulling points on the top surface of the immersed tube.

[0025] The transverse cable winch pulls the four corners of the immersed tube horizontally through the transverse cable, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the movement of the immersed tube. The longitudinal pulling point is located on the central axis of the top surface of the immersed tube and close to the side of the immersed tube. The longitudinal cable winch pulls the immersed tube longitudinally through the longitudinal cable, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the relative position of the immersed tube on the horizontal plane in the immersed tube placement space, so that the immersed tube can be quickly and accurately adjusted to the preset position, and the lifting point of the pulley 2 can be installed. At the same time, during the transportation process, the transverse and longitudinal cables are pulled and fixed in the horizontal direction, and the positioning pier can be used to further improve the stability of the immersed tube transportation.

[0026] Preferably, the pontoon platform 1 and the pontoon platform 2 are both hollow box beam structures, and a plurality of fairleads and bollards are fixed on the pontoon platform 1 and the pontoon platform 2.

[0027] The cable guide is used to guide the cable when it is being pulled, and the cable pile is convenient for the tugboat to pull and fix. The pontoon platform 1 and the pontoon platform 2 are both hollow structures with sufficient indoor space for the living and office of the staff. The cable pile can also be embedded in the pontoon platform to facilitate the tugboat to fix and tow in all directions.

[0028] A method for transporting a submerged tube, using a floating device for a submerged tube as described above, comprises the following steps:

[0029] A. Set the required pulling force of the winch on the floating device and the number of lifting points of the submerged tube;

[0030] B. A corresponding number of lifting points are arranged on the immersed tube, and a plurality of pulleys 1 are arranged on the floating device according to the number and positions of the lifting points. The plurality of pulleys 1 are connected in series by a lifting rope, and a pulley 2 is connected in series between two adjacent pulleys 1, and the plurality of pulleys 2 are suspended below the pulleys 1 by the lifting rope;

[0031] C. After the submerged tube is launched into the water and floated, the floating device is pulled to the top of the submerged tube, and the horizontal position of the submerged tube is adjusted so that the sling of each suspension point of the submerged tube has a pulley corresponding vertically;

[0032] D. Control multiple pulleys to descend to the upper surface of the immersed tube and connect with the slings to complete the series connection of the immersed tube hoisting;

[0033] E. Operate the winch to pull the lifting rope according to the set pulling force, drive the submerged tube to rise and contact the positioning pier; or operate the pontoon 1 and pontoon 2 to pressurize the water, let the floating device sink until the positioning pier and the submerged tube contact, then the floating device drains water and floats to lift the submerged tube;

[0034] F. Keep the floating device in the hoisting state of the submerged tube, use a tugboat to drag the floating device to move, and complete the transportation of the submerged tube.

[0035] A method for transporting a submerged tube of the present invention utilizes the sufficient buoyancy provided by the double pontoons symmetrically arranged on the above-mentioned floating device, and lifts the submerged tube through a series combined lifting method, thereby reducing the draft of the submerged tube, thereby reducing the requirement for the water depth of the waterway for submerged tube transportation, reducing or avoiding the waterway dredging work required for submerged tube transportation, and at the same time reducing the navigation height required for submerged tube transportation, reducing or avoiding the influence of the height limit of the bridge hole, and when encountering transportation conditions where the water depth of the waterway is insufficient or the height limit of the bridge hole is encountered, it can greatly reduce water and soil damage and the increase in transportation costs.

[0036] Preferably, in step B, the hanging points are evenly distributed above the side walls on both sides of the immersed tube, and the hanging points on a single side wall are evenly arranged in a straight line. Each hanging point includes a sling and a hanging plate. The sling vertically penetrates the side wall of the immersed tube and connects to the hanging plate. The hanging plate is abutted against the lower surface of the immersed tube by the pulling of the sling.

[0037] The immersed tube is hoisted by lifting ropes only through lifting points. The position design of several lifting points facilitates the lifting of lifting ropes in series, while ensuring the lifting balance of the immersed tube. Through the installation design of lifting ropes and hanging plates, the lifting ropes are all arranged in the side walls with good structural strength, and the lifting force received by each lifting point can act on the bottom of the immersed tube, making the lifting force of the immersed tube more reasonable, avoiding the need to increase the embedded steel bars and the risk of cracking due to tension only on the top surface of the immersed tube.

[0038] Preferably, in step A, the design method of the required pulling force of the winch on the floating device and the number of suspension points of the immersed tube comprises the following steps:

[0039] A1. The draft after the submerged tube is installed shall be determined according to the water depth of the channel at the site, and the draft after the submerged tube is installed shall exceed half of the draft before the installation.

[0040] A2. Calculate the calibrated lifting force required for the immersed tube according to the draft after the immersed tube is hoisted;

[0041] A3. Determine the winch pulling force and the number of lifting points based on the calibrated lifting force and actual working conditions.

[0042] The immersed tube is transported by a floating device, and the draft of the immersed tube is the water depth of the channel required for the transportation of the immersed tube. Since the immersed tube is generally a double-channel, the vertically supported side walls of the immersed tube generally have four. In order to simplify the preliminary construction of the hoisting, only the side walls on both sides of the immersed tube are hoisted, and the two side walls in the middle of the immersed tube are not provided with lifting points. Therefore, in order to ensure that the hoisting does not affect the structural strength of the immersed tube, the draft of the immersed tube after hoisting is designed to exceed half of the draft before hoisting, that is, the lifting force of the hoisting is controlled to be approximately less than half of the total weight of the immersed tube, and then when only the two side walls on the side of the immersed tube are hoisted, the structural deformation of the immersed tube due to pulling force can be avoided as much as possible; the actual working conditions include the limitation of the rated power of the winch, the area limitation of the operating platform and the limitation of the size of the immersed tube, etc. These factors will affect the determination of the winch pulling force and the number of lifting points;

[0043] By using this method to determine the number of lifting points of the immersed tube and the working pulling force of the winch during transportation, not only can the floating device accurately lift the immersed tube to the required draft depth and meet the water depth requirements of the waterway, ensuring the smooth transportation of the immersed tube, but it also reduces the difficulty of lifting construction and avoids the risk of damage to the immersed tube structure during lifting.

[0044] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] 1. The floating device of a submerged tube of the present invention can lift a large submerged tube through the design of serial combined lifting, reduce the draft of the submerged tube, and further reduce the requirement of the water depth of the waterway for submerged tube transportation, reduce or avoid the waterway dredging work required for submerged tube transportation, and at the same time reduce the navigation height required for submerged tube transportation, reduce or avoid the influence of the height limit of the bridge hole, so when encountering the transportation road conditions of insufficient water depth of the waterway or the height limit of the bridge hole, it can greatly reduce the damage to soil and water and the increase of transportation cost; at the same time, by realizing the shallow draft and low navigation transportation of submerged tubes, the existing submerged tube prefabrication plant can be fully utilized to prefabricate submerged tubes in other places, which can greatly reduce the duplication of submerged tube prefabrication sites, thereby reducing the temporary construction costs of urban tunnels and reducing the construction costs of tunnels;

[0046] 2. Through the design of the positioning pier, the immersed tube can be fixed under the platform, so that the immersed tube will not shake during transportation and will be protected from damage;

[0047] 3. Through the design of the slings and hanging plates, the lifting force applied by the floating device to each hanging point of the immersed tube can act on the bottom of the immersed tube, making the lifting force of the immersed tube more reasonable and avoiding the risk of increasing the pre-buried steel bars and tensile cracking when only the top surface of the immersed tube is tensile;

[0048] 4. The design of pulley 1 and pulley 2 facilitates the connection of the lifting points of the immersed tube with the lifting rope in series, which can ensure that the lifting rope remains in a vertical state for uniform lifting at multiple lifting points, thereby ensuring uniform force on the immersed tube;

[0049] 5. The floating device for a submerged tube of the present invention has a simple structure and is smaller in size than other transport ships. It can lift large submerged tubes in a very labor-saving manner, thereby realizing the transportation of submerged tubes with low navigation requirements. It can also sink and lift the submerged tubes with the existing structure to complete the installation of the submerged tubes, which is both economical and practical.

[0050] 6. A method for transporting a submerged tube of the present invention utilizes sufficient buoyancy provided by double pontoons symmetrically arranged on a floating device, and lifts the submerged tube for transportation by means of a series combined lifting method, thereby reducing the draft of the submerged tube, thereby reducing the requirement for the water depth of the waterway for submerged tube transportation, reducing or avoiding the waterway dredging work required for submerged tube transportation, and at the same time reducing the navigation height required for submerged tube transportation, reducing or avoiding the influence of height restrictions on bridge openings, and when encountering transportation conditions where the water depth of the waterway is insufficient or the height restrictions on the bridge opening are encountered, it can greatly reduce water and soil damage and an increase in transportation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structural layout of a floating device for a submerged tube according to Example 1;

[0052] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0053] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB section diagram;

[0054] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Left view of

[0055] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of a floating device for lifting and transporting a submerged tube as described in Example 1;

[0056] Figure 6 It is a side view of a mid-longitudinal section of a floating device for a submerged tube as described in Example 1 when the submerged tube is unloaded;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a right side view of a floating device for a submerged tube described in Example 1 connected to the submerged tube when it is unloaded;

[0058] Figure 8 The floating device of a submerged tube described in Example 1 is Figure 6 Cross-section diagram at DD;

[0059] Fig. 9yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the C part;

[0060] Fig.10 It is a side view of a mid-longitudinal section of a submerged tube hoisted by a floating device for a submerged tube as described in Example 1;

[0061] Fig.11 It is a right side view of a submerged tube hoisted by a floating device for a submerged tube as described in Example 1;

[0062] Fig.12 The floating device of a submerged tube described in Example 1 is Fig.10 Cross-section diagram at EE;

[0063] Markings in the figure: 1- pontoon one, 2- pontoon two, 3- operating platform, 31- pontoon platform one, 311- cantilever platform one, 32- pontoon platform two, 321- cantilever platform two, 33- connecting beam, 4- winch, 5- lifting rope, 6- pulley one, 7- positioning pier, 8- control system, 9- pulley two, 10- lifting rope, 11- hanging board, 12- immersed tube, 13- horizontal cable adjustment winch, 14- horizontal cable adjustment, 15- longitudinal cable adjustment winch, 16- longitudinal cable adjustment, 17- fairlead, 18- cable pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0065] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a floating device for a submerged tube of the present invention comprises a pontoon 1 and a pontoon 2 arranged opposite to each other, an operating platform 3 is connected to the top of the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2, the operating platform 3 comprises a pontoon platform 1 31, a pontoon platform 2 32 and a connecting crossbeam 33, the pontoon platform 1 31 is arranged on the pontoon 1, the pontoon platform 1 31 has a cantilever platform 1 311 extending out from the inner side of the pontoon 1, the pontoon platform 2 32 is arranged on the pontoon 2, and the pontoon platform 2 32 A cantilever platform 2 321 is provided extending out from the inner side surface of the pontoon 2, and a space for placing a submerged tube is formed between the bottom surface of the operating platform 3, the inner side surface of the pontoon 1 and the inner side surface of the pontoon 2. A winch 4 and a lifting rope 5 are provided on the pontoon platform 1 31 and the pontoon platform 2 32. A single row or multiple rows of pulleys 6 are symmetrically provided on the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321. One end of the lifting rope 5 is connected to the winch 4, and the other end of the lifting rope 5 is connected in series with multiple pulleys 6 to lift the submerged tube 12.

[0068] In this embodiment, the pipe segments of the immersed tube 12 are prefabricated in a factory off-site and then transported to the site for installation. The water depth of the transport channel is only 2.3 to 5.7 meters, and it is necessary to pass through multiple bridges. The navigation height limit of the bridge opening is 18 meters. The dimensions of the pipe segments of the immersed tube 12 are: 125 meters long, 36 meters wide, and 9 meters high. It weighs about 37,000 tons and has a draft of 8.7 meters.

[0069] If a semi-submersible barge that matches the size parameters of the immersed tube 12 is used for transportation, the navigation height of the semi-submersible barge needs to be 33m accordingly. Usually, a diving pit needs to be set up in front of the bridge hole. The semi-submersible barge sinks in the diving pit before reaching the bridge hole, and the immersed tube 12 is unloaded and then transported to the site by wet towing. However, the water depth of the remaining channel cannot meet the draft of the immersed tube 12 itself, so the wet towing channel needs to be dredged to make the channel depth greater than 8.7m. In this way, the construction volume and construction cost of channel dredging are huge. If the navigation height of the semi-submersible barge is modified to be lower than the height limit of the bridge hole, not only is the modification difficult and costly, but the height of the pontoon of the semi-submersible barge cannot meet the requirements of the semi-submersible barge for submerging and unloading the immersed tube after the height is reduced, resulting in the inability to carry out the modification.

[0070] Therefore, a floating device is designed to lift and transport the immersed tube 12, reduce the draft of the immersed tube 12, and at the same time the navigation height can meet the requirements. The floating device is driven by power equipment such as tugboats to complete the transportation of the immersed tube 12.

[0071] The minimum draft depth that the floating device can adjust, that is, when the floating device hoists the immersed tube 12, the draft of the pontoon is equal to the draft of the immersed tube 12, and the water depth of the channel ranges from 2.3 to 5.7m. Since the water depth of the channel over a large distance is greater than 5m, the cost of using the floating device is considered comprehensively. If the water depth of the channel required for the transportation of the immersed tube 12 is controlled within the range of 5.5m, it is only necessary to dredge the channel less than 5.5m. The draft required for the immersed tube 12 is less than or equal to 5m, and the height of the immersed tube 12 above the water surface is greater than or equal to 4m, and the spacing between the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 needs to reserve a safety gap according to the width of the immersed tube 12, and the reserved safety gap is 2m;

[0072] Through calculation, the draft of the immersed tube 12 is controlled to be 5m, and a lifting force of 15,000t is required. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the parameters of the floating device manufactured according to the above requirements are: the draft of the floating device without load is 2.2m~2.5m, and the navigation height is 17.3m~17m. Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, when the hoisting weight of the floating device is 15000t, the draft of the floating device is 5m, the navigation height is 14.7m, the length of the floating device is 168m, the width is 76m, the height of the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 is 9m, the width is 18m, and the distance between the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 is 40m; the length of the pontoon platform 1 31 and the pontoon platform 2 32 is 76m, the height is 6m, the height of the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 are both 4m, and the thickness of the connecting beam 33 is also 4m;

[0073] Among them, four positioning piers 7 are arranged on the bottom surface of the operating platform 3, and the number of positioning piers 7 can also be increased. The positioning piers can be evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the operating platform 3. The positioning piers 7 are inverted trapezoidal piers with a height of 2m, and a rubber protective pad is fixed on the top surface of the positioning piers 7. The four positioning piers 7 are evenly distributed near the four corners of the immersed tube placement space.

[0074] The operating platform 3 is formed by pontoon platform 1 31, pontoon platform 2 32 and three connecting beams 33. The pontoon platform 1 31 has a cantilever platform 1 311 extending horizontally out of the pontoon 1 on one side facing the pontoon 2, and the pontoon platform 2 32 has a cantilever platform 2 321 extending horizontally out of the pontoon 2 on one side facing the pontoon 1. The cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 can extend above the hanging points on both sides of the immersed tube 12, that is, the distance between the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 will be smaller than the width of the immersed tube 12. The three connecting beams 33 are respectively connected at the front, middle and rear ends between the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321. The pontoon platform 1 31 and the pontoon platform 2 32 are both hollow box beam structures, and the hollow structures can be fully utilized as studios or living rooms, and some equipment that needs to be sheltered from rain can be placed.

[0075] A control system 8 is distributed on the pontoon platform 1 31 and the pontoon platform 2 32. The control system 8 includes electromechanical equipment and a pipeline box. The control system 8 is electrically connected to the winch 4. The pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 are also provided with a pumping system for controlling the volume of ballast water in the pontoon. The control system 8 is electrically connected to the pumping system.

[0076] like Fig. 9 As shown, the floating device is also provided with a pulley 2 9, a sling 10 and a hanging plate 11. The pulley 2 9 is connected to the top surface of the immersed tube 12 as the hanging point of the immersed tube 12, and the hanging rope 5 passes through the pulley 2 9 to complete the lifting of the immersed tube 12. The sling 10 passes through the immersed tube 12 and vertically connects the hanging plate 11 and the pulley 2 9. The sling 10 is connected to the pulley 2 9 through a pin shaft, and the hanging plate 11 is supported on the bottom surface of the immersed tube 12.

[0077] 101 pulleys 6 are fixed in a row on the cantilever platform 311. Due to the length limit of the cantilever platform 311 and the length limit of the immersed tube 12, the 101 pulleys 6 are divided into two rows and evenly arranged along the length direction of the cantilever platform 311. The two rows of pulleys 6 are staggered, so that the suspension rope 5 can be horizontally connected in series to the corresponding pulley 6 in the other row after passing through any one of the pulleys 6 in one row. The pulley 29 is suspended between the two rows of pulleys 6 through the suspension rope 5, and the spacing between the two rows of pulleys 6 corresponds to the inlet and outlet of the pulley 29, so that the suspension rope 5 can vertically connect the pulley 16 and the pulley 29 in a vertical state. The 101 pulleys 6 are divided into two rows to suspend 100 pulleys 29 in series.

[0078] 101 pulleys 6 are also fixed on the cantilever platform 321, and are symmetrically arranged with the pulleys 6 of the cantilever platform 311 relative to the long axis of the immersed tube placement space. 100 pulleys 9 are also suspended on the cantilever platform 321. The cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 have corresponding through holes for lifting ropes 5 on both sides of each pulley 6. The spacing between the pulleys 9 suspended in a row from the cantilever platform 1 311 and the pulleys 9 suspended in a row from the cantilever platform 2 321 is slightly smaller than the width of the immersed tube 12.

[0079] Two winches 4 are fixed on the pontoon platform 31, and the two winches 4 just correspond horizontally to the head and tail ends of the two rows of pulleys 6 on the cantilever platform 311, that is, after the lifting rope 5 turns 90 degrees from the vertical lifting direction through the pulley 6, the two ends of the lifting rope 5 can be horizontally fixed to the winch 4 on the pontoon platform 31, and the two ends of the lifting rope 5 do not need to be deflected when fixed; two winches 4 are also fixed on the pontoon platform 32, and the design of their positions is based on the same principle as that of the pontoon platform 31, ensuring that the lifting rope 5 on the cantilever platform 321 does not need to be deflected when fixed.

[0080] A transverse cable-adjusting winch 13 is fixed on the top surface at both ends of pontoon 1 and pontoon 2, and the transverse cable-adjusting winch 13 is connected to a transverse cable 14. A fairlead 17 is also fixed at the inner corners of the top surfaces of pontoon 1 and pontoon 2; a longitudinal cable-adjusting winch 15 and a fairlead 17 are fixed on the two connecting beams 33 located on the sides of the submerged tube placement space, and the longitudinal cable-adjusting winch 15 is located in the middle of the connecting beam 33, corresponding to the central axis of the submerged tube 12 below, and the longitudinal cable-adjusting winch 15 is connected to a longitudinal cable 16, which can pull the submerged tube into the submerged tube placement space through the fairlead 17. A number of cable piles 18 are also fixed on the outer sides of both ends of the top surfaces of pontoon 1 and pontoon 2, which are used for tugboats to pull around the floating device through cables.

[0081] When transportation is required, Figure 5-Figure 10As shown in the figure, according to the spacing of the rows of suspension pulleys 9, the prefabricated immersed tube 12 is installed and fixed with the slings 10 and the hanging plates 11, and the cable piles are installed at the four corners of the top surface of the immersed tube 12 and the two ends of the central axis. After the immersed tube 12 is put into the water and floated by filling the dry dock with water or barging on a trolley, the floating device is aligned with the end of the immersed tube 12 and inserted into the upper part of the immersed tube 12 by twisting and moving, and a total of four horizontal adjustment cables 14 at both ends of the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 are respectively fixed to the cable piles at the four corners of the immersed tube. The two horizontal adjustment cables 14 at the same end are cross-arranged, and the two longitudinal adjustment cables 16 are cross-fixed on the two cable piles on the central axis of the immersed tube 12 through the traction of the cable guide 17. The immersed tube 12 is pulled horizontally and longitudinally in the horizontal direction by controlling the horizontal adjustment cable winch 13 and the longitudinal adjustment cable winch 15, so that the immersed tube 12 reaches the preset position, and the pulleys 2 9 suspended by the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 can correspond to the preset hanging point position of the immersed tube 12 one by one, and the slings 10 are pinned. The shaft is connected to the pulley 2 9. Since the two lifting ropes 5 are connected in series with 101 pulleys 1 6 and 100 pulleys 2 9, the winches 4 on the pontoon platform 1 31 and the pontoon platform 2 32 pull the submerged tube 12 through 100 movable pulley blocks. The winch 4 can provide sufficient lifting weight with a very small pulling force through 200 movable pulley blocks. The control system 8 starts the winch 4 to lift the submerged tube so that the top surface of the submerged tube 12 is just abutted and fixed with the positioning pier 7, and then adjusts the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 The ballast water in the tugboat makes the draft of the floating device 5.0m. At this time, the draft of the immersed tube is also about 5.0m. The lifting force of the winch 4 is about 15000t. The navigable height of the floating device is 14.5m, which will not be affected by the height limit of the bridge hole. The tugboat is fixed to the mooring pile 18 of the floating device with a cable. The tugboat is used to tow the floating device to complete the entire transportation distance of the immersed tube 12. During the transportation, the transverse adjustment cable 14 and the longitudinal adjustment cable 16 are kept to pull and fix the immersed tube 12.

[0082] In this embodiment, the number of pulleys 1 6 and pulleys 2 9 arranged in each row and the lifting capacity of the winch 4 determine the total lifting capacity for lifting the immersed tube 12. Therefore, the number of pulleys 1 6 and pulleys 2 9 in each row and the model selection of the maximum power of the winch 4 can be comprehensively determined according to the designed lifting capacity, combined with the size of the immersed tube 12 and the winch 4. If the required number of lifting points is small, the pulleys 1 6 can be arranged in a row on the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 to facilitate the serial connection of the lifting rope 5. If the required number of lifting points is large, the pulleys 1 6 can also be arranged in multiple rows under the limited length of the cantilever platform and the immersed tube 12. During transportation, the water storage in the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 can also be controlled by the pumping system, so that the navigation height and the draft can be adjusted accordingly. For example, the water storage capacity can be increased within a certain control range, the draft of the floating device is increased, and the navigation height is reduced accordingly, so that it can adapt to more transportation road conditions.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] A method for transporting a submerged tube of the present invention, using the floating device as described in Example 1, comprises the following steps:

[0085] A. Setting the required pulling force of the winch 4 on the floating device and the number of suspension points of the immersed tube 12;

[0086] B. A corresponding number of lifting points are provided on the immersed tube 12. A plurality of pulleys 6 are provided on the floating device according to the number and positions of the lifting points. The plurality of pulleys 6 are connected in series by a lifting rope 5. A pulley 2 9 is connected in series between two adjacent pulleys 6. The plurality of pulleys 2 9 are suspended below the pulleys 6 by the lifting rope 5.

[0087] C. After the submerged tube 12 is launched into the water and floated, the floating device is pulled to the top of the submerged tube 12, and the horizontal position of the submerged tube 12 is adjusted so that the sling 10 of each suspension point of the submerged tube 12 has a pulley 9 vertically corresponding thereto;

[0088] D. Control multiple pulleys 9 to descend to the upper surface of the immersed tube 12 and connect with the sling 10 to complete the series connection of the immersed tube 12;

[0089] E. Operate the winch 4 to pull the suspension rope 5 according to the set pulling force, so as to drive the submerged tube 12 to rise and contact the positioning pier 7; or operate the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 to pressurize the water, so as to let the floating device sink until the positioning pier 7 contacts the submerged tube 12, and then the floating device drains water to float and lift the submerged tube 12;

[0090] F. Keep the floating device hoisting the immersed tube 12, use a tugboat to tow the floating device to move, and complete the transportation of the immersed tube 12.

[0091] In this embodiment, the pipe segments of the immersed tube 12 are prefabricated in a factory off-site and then transported to the site for installation. The water depth of the transport channel is only 2.3 to 5.7 meters, and it is necessary to pass through multiple bridges. The navigation height limit of the bridge opening is 18 meters. The dimensions of the pipe segments of the immersed tube 12 are: 125 meters long, 36 meters wide, and 9 meters high. It weighs about 37,000 tons and has a draft of 8.7 meters.

[0092] Step A specifically includes the following steps:

[0093] Perform step A1: determine the draft of the immersed tube 12 after hoisting according to the water depth of the on-site channel, but the draft of the immersed tube 12 after hoisting shall not be less than half of the draft before hoisting of the immersed tube 12; since the water depth of the on-site channel is 2.3-5.7m, the draft of the immersed tube 12 before hoisting is 8.7m, and the draft of the immersed tube 12 after hoisting is not less than 4.35m, therefore, the draft of the immersed tube 12 is set to 5m, and the on-site channel is partially dredged so that the water depth of the channel for transporting the immersed tube 12 is greater than 5m.

[0094] A2. Calculate the calibrated lifting force required for the submerged tube 12 according to the draft after the submerged tube 12 is hoisted; the draft after the submerged tube 12 is hoisted is 5m, and the draft before the submerged tube 12 is 8.7m. According to the change in the buoyancy of the submerged tube 12, it is calculated that the calibrated lifting force required for the submerged tube 12 is approximately 15,000t.

[0095] A3. Determine the pulling force of the winch 4 and the number of lifting points according to the rated lifting force and the actual working conditions. If the rated lifting force is 15,000 t, the maximum total lifting force of the designed floating device is 20,000 t. According to the power of the winch 4, it is set to lift the submerged tube 12 through 200 lifting points.

[0096] Step B: a corresponding number of hanging points are set on the immersed tube 12, and the hanging points are evenly distributed above the side walls on both sides of the immersed tube 12, and the hanging points on a single side wall are evenly arranged at straight line intervals, that is, 100 hanging points are set on both side walls, and the 100 hanging points on a single side wall are arranged in a row at straight line intervals, each hanging point includes a sling 10 and a hanging plate 11, the sling 10 vertically penetrates the side wall of the immersed tube 12 and connects to the hanging plate 11, the sling 10 and the hanging plate 11 are bolted by nuts, and the hanging plate 11 is pulled by the sling 10 to abut against the lower surface of the immersed tube 12;

[0097] The floating device has 101 pulleys 6 fixed on both the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 according to the positions of the 200 hanging points;

[0098] On the cantilever platform 1 311, 101 pulleys 1 6 are connected in series by a suspension rope 5, and a pulley 2 9 is connected in series between two adjacent pulleys 1 6, so that 100 pulleys 2 9 are suspended below the 101 pulleys 1 6 through the suspension rope 5. The distance between two adjacent pulleys 1 6 can keep the suspension rope 5 in a vertical state when suspending the pulley 2 9. Due to the length limitation of the immersed tube 12, the adjustment of the distance between each sling 10 is limited. In order to make the distance between the pulleys 2 9 adapt to the distance between the slings 10, the 101 pulleys 1 6 are divided into two rows and evenly arranged along the length direction of the cantilever platform 1 311. Compared with the single row of 101 fixed pulleys 6, the pulley 2 9 can be rotated 90 degrees and suspended below the pulley 6, thereby effectively reducing the distance between two adjacent pulleys 2 9, so that it can adapt to the distance between the slings 10. Similarly, the operation on the cantilever platform 2 321 is the same as that on the cantilever platform 1 311.

[0099] Step C is performed: anchoring piles at the four corners of the top surface of the immersed tube 12 and at both ends of the central axis, moving the immersed tube 12 into the water by filling the dry dock with water or barging on a trolley, completing the launching and floating, aligning the floating device with one end of the immersed tube 12, and inserting it directly above the immersed tube 12 by twisting and shifting, fixing a total of four transverse adjustment cables 14 at both ends of the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 to the piles at the four corners of the immersed tube, and the two transverse adjustment cables 14 at the same end are cross-arranged, and then the two longitudinal adjustment cables 16 are cross-fixed to the two piles 18 on the central axis of the immersed tube 12 by traction of the fairlead 17, and the immersed tube 12 is pulled horizontally and longitudinally in the horizontal direction by controlling the transverse adjustment cable winch 13 and the longitudinal adjustment cable winch 15, so that the immersed tube 12 reaches the preset position, that is, the pulley 2 9 suspended by the cantilever platform 1 311 and the cantilever platform 2 321 can correspond vertically to the sling 10 one by one.

[0100] Step D: Control 200 pulleys 9 to descend to the upper surface of the immersed tube 12 and respectively connect with the corresponding slings 10 by latches, so as to complete the series connection of the immersed tube 12 hoisting.

[0101] Perform step E: operate the control system 8 to start the winches 4 on the pontoon platform 1 31 and the pontoon platform 2 32, and drive the submerged tube 12 to rise until the top surface of the submerged tube 12 just abuts against the positioning pier 7 and is fixed, and the submerged tube 12 reaches the draft set to 5.0m. If there is a deviation, it is adjusted by the water storage in the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2; or the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 are pressurized at the same time to make the floating device sink in a balanced manner until the positioning pier 7 abuts against the top surface of the submerged tube 12, and the winch 4 is operated to tighten the suspension rope 5 at the same time until the suspension rope 5 is subjected to a force less than or equal to 10% of the set tension, and then the pontoon 1 and the pontoon 2 are simultaneously balanced to drain and float, and the submerged tube 12 is lifted to the draft set to 5.0m;

[0102] Proceed to step F: tighten the transverse adjustment cable 14 and the longitudinal adjustment cable 16 to keep the floating device hoisting the immersed tube 12, while also keeping the transverse adjustment cable 14 and the longitudinal adjustment cable 16 pulling and fixing the immersed tube 12, use cables to fix the tugboat and the mooring pile 18 of the floating device, use the tugboat to tow the floating device, and complete the entire transportation journey of the immersed tube 12.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating device for a submerged tube, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pontoon 1 (1) and a pontoon 2 (2) which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein an operating platform (3) is connected to the top of the pontoon 1 (1) and the pontoon 2 (2), and the operating platform (3) comprises a pontoon platform 1 (31), a pontoon platform 2 (32) and a connecting crossbeam (33), wherein the pontoon platform 1 (31) is arranged on the pontoon 1 (1), and the pontoon platform 1 (31) has a cantilever platform 1 (311) extending out of the inner side of the pontoon 1 (1), and the pontoon platform 2 (32) is arranged on the pontoon 2 (2), and the pontoon platform 2 (32) has a cantilever platform 1 (311) extending out of the inner side of the pontoon 1 (1). ) an overhanging platform 2 (321) on the inner side of the operating platform (3), a space for placing a submerged tube is formed between the bottom surface of the operating platform (3), the inner side surface of the pontoon 1 (1) and the inner side surface of the pontoon 2 (2), a winch (4) and a lifting rope (5) are provided on the pontoon platform 1 (31) and the pontoon platform 2 (32), a single row or multiple rows of pulleys 1 (6) are symmetrically provided on the overhanging platform 1 (311) and the overhanging platform 2 (321), one end of the lifting rope (5) is connected to the winch (4), and the other end of the lifting rope (5) is connected in series with multiple pulleys 1 (6) to lift the submerged tube (12); The bottom surface of the operating platform (3) is also provided with a positioning pier (7), the positioning pier (7) is located in the immersed tube placement space, the positioning pier (7) is provided with a protective pad, and the positioning pier (7) is used to abut against the immersed tube (12); It also includes a pulley 2 (9), a sling (10) and a hanging plate (11), wherein the pulley 2 (9) is arranged below the pulley 1 (6), the sling (5) can vertically connect the pulley 1 (6) and the pulley 2 (9), the pulley 2 (9) is used as a hanging point of the immersed tube (12), the sling (10) vertically connects the hanging plate (11) and the pulley 2 (9), and the hanging plate (11) is used to abut the lower surface of the immersed tube (12).

2. A floating device for a submerged tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting beams (33) are arranged at intervals between the first cantilever platform (311) and the second cantilever platform (321).

3. A floating device for a submerged tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety gap is reserved between the pontoon 1 (1) and the pontoon 2 (2) corresponding to the width of the immersed tube (12), and the pulley 1 (6) is arranged in a row along the length direction of the immersed tube placement space.

4. A floating device for a submerged tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two winches (4) are provided on each of the pontoon platform 1 (31) and the pontoon platform 2 (32), and the winches (4) correspond laterally to the first and last ends of the pulley 1 (6) arranged in a row. The two winches (4) of the pontoon platform 1 (31) are connected to the two ends of one suspension rope (5), and the two winches (4) of the pontoon platform 2 (32) are connected to the two ends of another suspension rope (5).

5. The floating device for a submerged tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating platform (3) is also provided with a control system (8), the control system (8) is electrically connected to the winch (4), and the control system (8) is located on the pontoon platform 1 (31) and / or the pontoon platform 2 (32).

6. A floating device for a submerged tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the long sides of the pontoon 1 (1) and the pontoon 2 (2) are provided with a transverse cable adjustment winch (13), the transverse cable adjustment winch (13) is connected to a transverse cable adjustment cable (14), the transverse cable adjustment cable (14) is used to connect the corners of the top surface of the immersed tube (12), and the connecting crossbeam (33) is provided with a longitudinal cable adjustment winch (15), the longitudinal cable adjustment winch (15) is connected to a longitudinal cable adjustment cable (16), and the longitudinal cable adjustment cable (16) is used to connect the longitudinal pulling point of the top surface of the immersed tube (12).

7. A method for transporting an immersed tube, characterized in that: A floating device using a submerged tube as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6 comprises the following steps: A. Setting the required pulling force of the winch (4) on the floating device and the number of suspension points of the submerged tube (12); B. A corresponding number of lifting points are arranged on the immersed tube (12), and a plurality of pulleys (6) are arranged on the floating device according to the number and positions of the lifting points. The plurality of pulleys (6) are connected in series by a lifting rope (5), and a pulley (9) is connected in series between two adjacent pulleys (6). The plurality of pulleys (9) are suspended below the pulleys (6) by the lifting rope (5); C. After the submerged tube (12) is launched into the water and floated, the floating device is pulled to the top of the submerged tube (12), and the horizontal position of the submerged tube (12) is adjusted so that the sling (10) at each suspension point of the submerged tube (12) has a pulley 2 (9) vertically corresponding thereto; D. Control multiple pulleys (9) to descend to the upper surface of the immersed tube (12) and connect with the sling (10), so as to complete the series connection of the immersed tube (12); E. Operate the winch (4) to pull the suspension rope (5) according to the set pulling force, so as to drive the submerged tube (12) to rise and contact the positioning pier (7); or operate the pontoon 1 (1) and the pontoon 2 (2) to pressurize water, so as to let the floating device sink until the positioning pier (7) contacts the submerged tube (12), and then the floating device drains water to float and lift the submerged tube (12); F. Keep the floating device in a hoisting state on the submerged tube (12), use a tugboat to drag the floating device to move, and complete the transportation of the submerged tube (12).

8. A method for transporting an immersed tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step A, the design method of the required pulling force of the winch (4) on the floating device and the number of suspension points of the immersed tube (12) comprises the following steps: A1. The draft of the immersed tube (12) after hoisting is determined according to the water depth of the channel on site, and the draft of the immersed tube (12) after hoisting is The depth exceeds half of the draft of the immersed tube (12) before lifting; A2. Calculating the calibrated lifting force required for the immersed tube (12) according to the draft of the immersed tube (12) after hoisting; A3. Determine the pulling force of the winch (4) and the number of lifting points according to the calibrated lifting force and the actual working conditions.

Images