Multifunctional device and method for testing anisotropy parameters of a drilled soil

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional drilling soil body anisotropy parameter testing device and method, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a variable-diameter driving mechanism and a penetration testing mechanism; two supporting mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the hole testing device and are provided with bidirectional air cylinders, and supporting plates are connected to two ends of the bidirectional air cylinders; the variable-diameter driving mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the hole testing device and comprises three structural connecting discs which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, a structural support rod is arranged to connect the three structural connecting discs, two series air cylinders are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the middle structural connecting disc; a connecting rod support is connected to the piston of the series air cylinder, and the connecting rod support is hingedly connected to the first ends of four connecting rods; a probe sliding seat is arranged on the upper and lower structural connecting discs, a probe is arranged in the sliding seat, and the tail end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the probe through a through groove; a conical sounding probe head is arranged at the first end of the probe, and a direct current method testing probe head is arranged at the bottom of the conical sounding probe head; and the two are combined to test and obtain the anisotropy parameters of the soil in the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering and relates to a multifunctional device and method for testing anisotropic parameters of borehole soil. Background Technology

[0002] Soil anisotropy essentially refers to the structural differences caused by the non-uniform distribution of soil particles during deposition, consolidation, and under complex stress. Macroscopically, this manifests as variations in soil parameters along different directions, encompassing multiple fields such as mechanics, electric fields, and magnetic fields. Soil anisotropy is a crucial consideration in site evaluation and stability analysis in geotechnical engineering.

[0003] Traditional static cone penetration testing (CPPT) involves using a pressure device to drive a cone probe into the soil. A measurement system then measures the soil's cone tip resistance and sidewall friction to determine fundamental physical and mechanical parameters, such as relative density and internal friction angle. During penetration testing, static cone penetration testing equipment often employs wheel-driven, alternating penetration methods to achieve continuous insertion of the probe. As depth increases, new probes need to be continuously connected on the ground, which can easily lead to probe breakage. Furthermore, a single test can only measure soil parameters in a single direction. Investigating the anisotropic characteristics of soil requires numerous field tests, a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. How to effectively utilize field testing to determine soil anisotropic parameters remains a pressing problem in geotechnical engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device and method that can simultaneously acquire multiple anisotropic parameters in four directions on the same horizontal plane, saving time and effort.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device, including an in-hole testing device;

[0007] The in-hole testing device includes two support mechanisms, one diameter-changing drive mechanism, and two penetration testing mechanisms. The two support mechanisms are located at both ends of the in-hole testing device. A bidirectional cylinder is installed on the support mechanism. The output direction of the bidirectional cylinder is radial. Support plates are connected to both ends of the bidirectional cylinder.

[0008] The variable diameter drive mechanism is located in the middle of the in-hole testing device and includes three structural connecting plates, multiple structural support rods, two tandem cylinders, connecting rod supports, and connecting rods. The three structural connecting plates are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, and the structural support rods connect the three structural connecting plates. The structural connecting plates at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to two support mechanisms. The two tandem cylinders are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the structural connecting plate located in the middle. The piston of the tandem cylinder is connected to the connecting rod support, and the connecting rod support is hinged to the ends of four connecting rods.

[0009] Both penetration testing mechanisms consist of four probe slides and four probes. The probe slides are mounted on structural connecting plates located at the upper and lower ends. The probes are slidably connected inside the probe slides. A through hole is provided at the outward end of the probe slide, and a through groove is provided at the top of the probe slide. The tail end of the connecting rod passes through the through groove and is hinged to the probe.

[0010] The probe tip is equipped with a conical probe, and the bottom of the probe is equipped with a DC current method test probe.

[0011] Preferably, the two support plates are arranged opposite each other, and each includes an arc-shaped outer plate and an inner plate. The outer plate and the inner plate are spaced apart and connected by a connecting rod. The two ends of the bidirectional cylinder are connected to the inner plates of the two support plates. A structural rod is provided between the outer plate and the inner plate of the support plate, and the structural rod is located close to the inner side of the outer plate.

[0012] Preferably, structural plates are provided at both ends of the support mechanism, and structural rods connect the two structural plates. Structural connecting plates located at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the structural plates of the two support mechanisms.

[0013] Furthermore, a structural connection port is provided in the center of the top cover of the structural disk at the uppermost position of the in-hole testing device.

[0014] Preferably, the support plates of the two support mechanisms are oriented vertically.

[0015] Preferably, the four probe slides are located on the same horizontal plane, and adjacent probe slides are arranged vertically.

[0016] Preferably, the DC electrical resistance test probe includes an electrical signal transmitting end and an electrical signal receiving end, wherein the DC electrical resistance test probes on one set of four probes are all electrical signal transmitting ends, and the DC electrical resistance test probes on the other set of four probes are all electrical signal receiving ends.

[0017] Preferably, the air outlets of the two series cylinders are respectively connected to the air inlet of a displacement display device. The displacement display device includes a cylinder with the same volume as the air chamber of the series cylinders. The cylinder is equipped with a graduated piston, the air inlet is connected to the cylinder, and the graduated piston is equipped with a scale corresponding to the probe displacement.

[0018] Preferably, both bidirectional cylinders and both tandem cylinders are connected to an air pump.

[0019] A testing method based on the aforementioned multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Place the in-hole testing device at the designated location in the borehole;

[0021] Step 2: After reaching the designated test position, the bidirectional cylinder pushes the support plate into the hole wall to provide support for the test device inside the hole;

[0022] Step 3: Two tandem cylinders push the connecting rod support, and the connecting rod pushes out the probe along the probe slide. The probe probe and the DC current test probe on the probe penetrate into the side wall soil.

[0023] Step 4: Based on the data obtained by the penetrometer probe, calculate the internal friction angle and relative density of the soil at the corresponding location in the four propagation directions; compare the differences in the mechanical parameters of the soil in the four directions of the horizontal plane at this point, thereby analyzing the anisotropic properties of the tested soil.

[0024] Step 5: Calculate the resistivity of the soil in the four propagation directions based on the data obtained from the DC resistivity probe; compare the resistivity differences in the four propagation directions by DC resistivity testing to analyze the anisotropic properties of the tested soil.

[0025] Step 6: After the test is completed, the tandem cylinder retracts the connecting rod support in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the probe retraction action. The bidirectional cylinder of the support mechanism retracts the support plate and then retracts the test device inside the hole.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention, through two support mechanisms, suspends the borehole testing device within the borehole, enabling testing at any depth and overcoming limitations imposed by testing depth and borehole space. Each series-connected cylinder synchronously controls the extension of four probes, each equipped with a penetration probe to obtain the internal friction angle and relative density of the soil in four propagation directions. Both upper and lower sets of probes are equipped with DC resistivity probes to obtain the resistivity of the soil in four propagation directions. This allows for the simultaneous acquisition of multiple anisotropic parameters in four directions on the same horizontal plane, effectively revealing the anisotropic parameters of the soil in an undisturbed state. Furthermore, it offers advantages such as high flexibility and time and labor savings.

[0028] Furthermore, the structural rods can limit the extension length of the support plate.

[0029] Furthermore, the structural connection port can connect to a metal rod, facilitating the placement or removal of the in-hole testing device into the borehole.

[0030] Furthermore, the support plates of the two support mechanisms are oriented vertically, which can effectively support the test device inside the hole from all directions.

[0031] Furthermore, the displacement display can show the probe's extension distance, enabling precise control of the test and facilitating subsequent parameter calculations. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the testing principle of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a general schematic diagram of the in-hole testing device of the present invention when it is not in use.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a general schematic diagram of the in-hole testing device of the present invention when it is in use.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a top view of the support mechanism of the present invention in its retracted state.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a top view of the support mechanism of the present invention in its deployed state.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support plate of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the variable diameter drive mechanism and the penetration test mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connecting rod support of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the probe slide of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the probe of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the displacement display of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a circuit diagram of the tandem cylinder synchronization circuit of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the DC electrical method testing principle of the present invention.

[0047] The components are as follows: 1. In-hole testing device, 2. Air pump, 3. Series synchronous compensation device, 4. First host computer, 5. Displacement display, 6. Second host computer, 7. Support mechanism, 8. Variable diameter drive mechanism, 9. Penetration testing mechanism, 10. Cylinder guide tube, 11. Two-way cylinder, 12. Support plate, 13. Cylinder support, 14. Structural plate, 15. Structural rod, 16. Structural connection port, 17. Structural connection plate, 18. Structural support rod, 19. Series cylinder, 20. Cylinder push rod, 21. Connecting rod support, 22. Connecting rod, 23. Probe slide, 24. Probe, 25. Cylinder port A, 26. Cylinder port B, 27. Penetration probe, 28. DC current method test probe, 29. Connection port, 30. Air inlet, 31. Graduated piston, 32. Vent pipe, 33. Reversing valve, 34. Compensating reversing valve. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “up,” and “down” used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the attached diagram, while the terms “inside” and “outside” refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device of the present invention includes an in-hole testing device 1, an air pump 2, a series synchronous compensation device 3, a first host computer 4, a displacement display device 5, and a second host computer 6. The in-hole testing device 1 is arranged in the test hole to test soil parameters and can complete the variable diameter support action and probe penetration action. The air pump 2 provides air pressure to the in-hole testing device 1, thereby realizing the variable diameter support action, probe penetration action, and series displacement synchronous display action. The series synchronous compensation device 3 and the displacement display device 5 realize the synchronous display of penetration displacement and error compensation. The first host computer 4 and the DC electrical resistivity test system 6 realize the data acquisition of the penetration test and the DC electrical resistivity test system.

[0052] The in-hole testing device 1 is as follows Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the device includes a support mechanism 7, a diameter-changing drive mechanism 8, and a penetration testing mechanism 9. The support mechanism 7 consists of two identical mechanical systems arranged at the upper and lower ends of the borehole testing device 1, enabling diameter changes within the borehole and providing stable support for the testing device. The diameter-changing drive mechanism 8 and the penetration testing mechanism 9 are arranged within the borehole testing device 1 and can push the test probe 24 into the borehole wall for penetration testing and DC electrical resistivity testing.

[0053] like Figure 4-6 As shown, the support mechanism 7 consists of two identical mechanical systems arranged at the upper and lower ends of the in-hole testing device 1. The support mechanism 7 includes a cylinder guide tube 10, a bidirectional cylinder 11, a support plate 12, a cylinder support 13, a structural plate 14, and a structural rod 15. There are two structural plates 14, which are spaced apart. The cylinder support 13 is located between the two structural plates 14 and is connected to the upper and lower structural plates 14 by the structural rod 15. The two structural plates 14 are reserved with cylinder guide tubes 10 for the bidirectional cylinder 11 to connect to the outside. The function of the cylinder support 13 is to provide deformation space for the bidirectional cylinder 11. The bidirectional cylinder 11 is placed inside the cylinder support 13, and the output direction of the bidirectional cylinder 11 is radial. The cylinder support 13 is set on the structural plate 14.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, two support plates 12 are arranged opposite each other, and each includes an arc-shaped outer plate and an inner plate. The outer plate and the inner plate are spaced apart and connected by a connecting rod. The distance between the outer plates of the two support plates 12 is the same as the diameter of the test device 1 inside the hole. The two movable ends of the bidirectional cylinder 11 are engaged with the inner plates of the two support plates 12, and its function is to push out and retract the support plates 12 to realize the structural diameter change.

[0055] The four structural rods 15 are arranged between the outer and inner plates of the support plate 12, close to the inner side of the outer plate, which can limit the maximum outward position of the support plate 12. The maximum extension radius of the support plate 12 is 100mm. The structural disk 14 and the structural rods 15 provide spatial structure and support strength. The bottom cover of the structural disk 14 near the penetration test mechanism is fixedly connected to the structural connecting disk 17 of the variable diameter drive mechanism 8 and the penetration test mechanism 9. The top cover of the uppermost structural disk 14 has a pre-reserved structural connection port 16 in the center, which can be connected to the metal rod, so that the hole test device 1 can be lifted and inserted into the hole.

[0056] The support plates 12 of the two support mechanisms 7 are oriented vertically.

[0057] like Figure 8As shown, the variable diameter drive mechanism 8 consists of two identical drive mechanisms arranged in the middle of the borehole testing device 1. Each drive mechanism includes three structural connecting plates 17, a structural support rod 18, two tandem cylinders 19, a cylinder push rod 20, a connecting rod support 21, and a connecting rod 22. The three structural connecting plates 17 are arranged axially at intervals. The structural support rod 18 connects the three structural connecting plates 17. The structural connecting plates 17 and the structural support rod 18 are located in the middle of the borehole testing device 1, providing structural support and space for the variable diameter drive mechanism 8. The structural connecting plates 17 located at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the structural plates 14 of the two support mechanisms 7. The two tandem cylinders 19 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the structural connecting plate 17 located in the middle.

[0058] The tandem cylinder 19 has cylinder ports A25 and B26, which connect the inner and outer cavities of the tandem cylinder 19 respectively, enabling the piston of the tandem cylinder 19 to extend and retract. The piston of the tandem cylinder 19 is connected to a cylinder push rod 20, the other end of which is fixed to a structural connecting plate 17 located in the middle. A connecting rod support 21 is fixed to the end of the tandem cylinder 19 opposite to the cylinder push rod 20. The extension and retraction of the cylinder push rod 20 drives the tandem cylinder 19 and the connecting rod support 21 to move up and down. Figure 9 As shown, the connecting rod support 21 is hinged to the ends of four connecting rods 22, as follows: Figure 10 As shown, hinge holes are provided at both ends of the connecting rod 22.

[0059] Both penetration testing mechanisms 9 consist of four probe slides 23 and four probes 24. The probe slides 23 are mounted on structural connecting plates 17 located at the upper and lower ends, providing sliding tracks for the probes 24 of the penetration testing mechanism 9. The four probe slides 23 are located on the same horizontal plane, and adjacent probe slides 23 are arranged perpendicularly. Figure 11 As shown, a probe 24 is slidably connected inside the probe slide 23. A through hole is provided at the outward end of the probe slide 23 for the protrusion of the head end of the probe 24. A through groove is provided at the top of the probe slide 23 so that the connecting rod 22 can move in the through groove of the probe slide 23. The tail end of the connecting rod 22 passes through the through groove and is hinged to the probe 24.

[0060] Both sets of probes 24 extend in the same direction, such as Figure 12As shown, probe 24 includes a probe 27, a DC electrical resistance test probe 28, and a connection port 29. Probe 24 is disposed in probe slide 23. The first end has a conical probe 27 for collecting the cone tip resistance. The DC electrical resistance test probe 28 is located at the cone bottom of the probe 27 and corresponds to another DC electrical resistance test probe 28 that penetrates the test mechanism 9. The DC electrical resistance test probe 28 includes an electrical signal transmitting end and an electrical signal receiving end. In one group of four probes 24, the DC electrical resistance test probes 28 are all electrical signal transmitting ends, and in another group of four probes 24, the DC electrical resistance test probes 28 are all electrical signal receiving ends. The electrical signal receiving end collects the magnitude of the current emitted by the electrical signal transmitting end.

[0061] The probe 24 has a connection port 29 at its tail end, which is hinged to the tail end of the connecting rod 22.

[0062] like Figure 13 As shown, the two displacement display devices 5 are arranged outside the hole and have a cylinder with the same volume as the air chamber of the series cylinder 19. The cylinder is equipped with a graduated piston 31, an air inlet 30 and an air vent pipe 32. The air inlet 30 and the cylinder port B26 of the series cylinder 19 are connected by an air pipe to form a series pneumatic cylinder synchronization circuit. The graduated piston 31 is equipped with a scale, which is converted to correspond to the displacement of the probe 24.

[0063] The circuit diagram of the tandem cylinder synchronization circuit is as follows: Figure 14 As shown, when the tandem cylinder 19 moves to push out the gas in the outer cavity, the gas is discharged from the cylinder port B26 and enters the air inlet 30 of the displacement display 5 through the air pipe. This pushes the scale piston 31 of the displacement display 5 to extend and display the displacement scale of the corresponding probe 24. This synchronously displays the extension status of the tandem cylinder 19 of the variable diameter drive mechanism 8, and a tandem synchronization compensation device is provided. The probe 24 has a displacement contact switch. When no probe 24 reaches the target displacement, the displacement contact switch triggers the tandem synchronization compensation device, and the air pump 2 continues to supply air to the tandem cylinder 19, pushing the probe 24 to the target penetration depth. When the probe 24 reaches the target displacement, the displacement contact switch stops sending a signal, and the air pump 2 stops supplying air.

[0064] When the tandem cylinder 19 is pushed outward, the gas discharged from its external cavity is transmitted in series to the air inlet 30 of the displacement display 5 and enters the cylinder, pushing the scale piston 31 of the displacement display 5 to display the synchronous displacement. The penetration depth of the probe 24 is determined by observing the displacement display outside the hole.

[0065] The series synchronous compensation device 3 includes a reversing valve 33 and a compensation reversing valve 34, so as to... Figure 14The working logic of Example 1 is analyzed by the circuit diagram of the series synchronous circuit. When the penetration probe 24 is activated, the air pump 2 works to provide air pressure to the circuit. The reversing valve 33 switches to the right end, so that the air end of the air pump 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the two series cylinders 19. The cylinder piston pushes out, so that the gas in the outer cavity of the series cylinder 19 enters the inner cavity of the two series displacement display devices 5, thereby pushing the scale piston of the displacement display device 5 to push out and display the synchronous displacement. Considering the influence of friction, the probe 24 cannot reach the designated position, thus affecting the penetration accuracy. The probe 24 is equipped with a displacement contact switch. When the probe 24 does not extend to the target displacement, the displacement contact switch ST is activated, and the series synchronous compensation system starts to work. The compensation reversing valve 34 switches to the right end, so that the two series cylinders 19 continuously provide air pressure to push until the probe 24 reaches the target displacement. Then the displacement contact switch ST is stopped and sends a signal. The compensation reversing valve 34 switches to the middle end to stop compensation.

[0066] The following steps are included in the testing of anisotropic parameters of borehole soil using this device:

[0067] Step 1: Connect and fix the metal rod to the structural connection port 16 on the top cover of the uppermost structural plate 14. Insert the in-hole testing device 1 connected to the metal rod into the hole. By changing the insertion depth of the metal rod, move the in-hole testing device 1 to the designated drilling position.

[0068] Step 2: After reaching the designated test position, continuous air pressure is supplied to the bidirectional cylinder 11 of the support mechanism 7 through the air pipe. The bidirectional cylinder 11 inflates and pushes the support plate 12 into the hole wall, providing support for the test device 1 inside the hole.

[0069] Step 3: Provide air pressure to the series cylinder 19 of the borehole diameter-changing drive mechanism 9. The upper and lower diameter-changing drive mechanisms 9 work to push out four probes 24 in different directions along the probe slide 23, for a total of 8 probes 24. The penetrometer 27 and DC current method probe 28 on the probes 24 penetrate into the sidewall soil. At the same time, the series cylinder 19 and the displacement display device 5 form a series synchronous circuit. The gas discharged from the external cavity is connected in series to the displacement display device 5, which pushes the extension of the displacement display device 5 to synchronously display the displacement. The target penetration depth of the probe is determined by observing the displacement display device 5 outside the borehole. The test start point is selected at the point where the penetrometer 27 just contacts the borehole wall according to the actual borehole size. In the series synchronous circuit system connected by the series cylinder 19 and the displacement display device 5, a synchronous compensation device is set. A displacement contact switch is set on the probe 24. When the probe 24 has not reached the target displacement, the switch triggers the series synchronous compensation device to make the series cylinder continue to supply air, so that the probe 24 reaches the penetration depth.

[0070] Step 4: Start the first host computer 4 and continuously insert probe 24. The first host computer 4 records the displacement and cone tip resistance q in real time. cWhen the instrument reaches its maximum penetration depth of 40mm, penetration and data recording are stopped. The internal friction angles for testing in the four directions are then derived using empirical formulas. and relative density D r .

[0071] Predicting the internal friction angle of soil Using empirical formulas:

[0072]

[0073] σ h =ρgh

[0074] In the formula; q' is the internal friction angle, in degrees. c σ is the average cone tip resistance, in kPa; h ρ is the overburden pressure, in kPa, and ρ is the density of the overburden, in kg / m³. 3 Generally, 20kg / m 3 g is the gravity coefficient, in N / kg, typically taken as 9.8 N / kg; h is the depth of the measuring point, in m.

[0075] Predicting the relative density D of the soil r Using empirical formulas:

[0076] D r =0.58lnQ tn -0.64

[0077] Q tn =(q c / p a ) / (σ h / p a ) 0.6

[0078] In the formula; D r Q represents relative density. tn To match the overlying soil pressure σ h Normalized cone tip resistance, in kPa; σ h The overlying earth pressure is expressed in kPa. a Standard atmospheric pressure, taken as 1.013 × 10⁻⁶. 2 kPa.

[0079] By obtaining test results from two sets of penetrometers 27 in four penetrometer directions, the differences in the mechanical parameters of the soil in the four directions of the horizontal plane at that point are compared, thereby analyzing the anisotropic properties of the tested soil.

[0080] Step 5; After the penetration test is completed, the DC current method test is performed. The DC current method test probes 28 at both ends of the test mechanism begin to work, such as... Figure 15 As shown, current is sequentially induced in four directions to form a loop, resulting in four sets of DC resistivity test data. The current, potential difference, and distance between electrodes are obtained through the second host computer 6. The resistivity of the soil in the four propagation directions is calculated using theoretical formulas.

[0081] Resistivity calculation formula;

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] In the formula; ρ is resistivity, in Ω; k is a correction factor; ΔU MN V represents the potential difference between the two electrodes; I represents the magnitude of the propagation current; A and B are the measuring electrodes, and M and N are the power supply electrodes. The combination of each pair represents the distance between the measuring electrode and the power supply electrode, in meters.

[0085] By comparing the resistivity differences in the four propagation directions of the DC resistivity test, the anisotropic properties of the tested soil can be analyzed.

[0086] Step 6: After the test is completed, reverse the air pressure of the series cylinder 19 of the drive mechanism to retract the cylinder push rod 20, thereby realizing the action of retracting the probe 24. The air pressure of the bidirectional cylinder 11 of the support mechanism 7 is released to retract the support plate 12, so that the test device 1 in the hole can be retracted.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0088] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the applicant has not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device, characterized in that, Including an in-hole testing device (1); The in-hole testing device (1) includes two support mechanisms (7), a variable diameter drive mechanism (8), and two penetration testing mechanisms (9); the two support mechanisms (7) are located at both ends of the in-hole testing device (1), and a two-way cylinder (11) is provided on the support mechanism (7). The output direction of the two-way cylinder (11) is radial, and the two ends of the two-way cylinder (11) are connected to support plates (12). The variable diameter drive mechanism (8) is located in the middle of the in-hole testing device (1), including three structural connecting plates (17), multiple structural support rods (18), two tandem cylinders (19), connecting rod supports (21) and connecting rods (22); the three structural connecting plates (17) are arranged axially at intervals, the structural support rods (18) connect the three structural connecting plates (17), the structural connecting plates (17) located at the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to two support mechanisms (7), and the two tandem cylinders (19) are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the structural connecting plate (17) located in the middle; the piston of the tandem cylinder (19) is connected to the connecting rod support (21), and the connecting rod support (21) is hinged to the beginning of four connecting rods (22); Both penetration testing mechanisms (9) consist of four probe slides (23) and four probes (24). The probe slides (23) are mounted on the structural connecting plates (17) located at the upper and lower ends. The probes (24) are slidably connected inside the probe slides (23). A through hole is provided at the outward end of the probe slides (23). A through groove is provided at the top of the probe slides (23). The tail end of the connecting rod (22) passes through the through groove and is hinged to the probe (24). The probe (24) is provided with a conical probe (27) at the head end, and a DC current test probe (28) is provided at the bottom of the probe (27). The four probe slides (23) are located on the same horizontal plane, and adjacent probe slides (23) are set vertically; The outlets of the two series cylinders (19) are respectively connected to the inlet (30) of a displacement display (5). The displacement display (5) includes a cylinder with the same volume as the air chamber of the series cylinders (19). The cylinder is equipped with a graduated piston (31). The inlet (30) is connected to the cylinder. The graduated piston (31) is equipped with a scale corresponding to the displacement of the probe (24). The penetration depth of the probe (24) is determined by observing the displacement display (5) outside the observation hole.

2. The multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two support plates (12) are arranged opposite each other and each includes an arc-shaped outer plate and an inner plate. The outer plate and the inner plate are spaced apart and connected by a connecting rod. The two ends of the bidirectional cylinder (11) are connected to the inner plates of the two support plates (12). A structural rod (15) is provided between the outer plate and the inner plate of the support plate (12). The structural rod (15) is located close to the inner side of the outer plate.

3. The multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism (7) has a structural plate (14) at both ends. The structural rod (15) connects the two structural plates (14). The structural connecting plate (17) located at the upper and lower ends is connected to the structural plates (14) of the two support mechanisms (7) respectively.

4. The multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top cover of the structure plate (14) at the uppermost position of the in-hole testing device (1) has a structure connection port (16).

5. The multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plates (12) of the two support mechanisms (7) are oriented vertically.

6. The multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC electrical method test probe (28) includes an electrical signal transmitting end and an electrical signal receiving end. One set of four probes (24) has DC electrical method test probes (28) that are all electrical signal transmitting ends, while the other set of four probes (24) has DC electrical method test probes (28) that are all electrical signal receiving ends.

7. The multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two bidirectional cylinders (11) and two tandem cylinders (19) are all connected to an air pump (2).

8. A testing method based on the multifunctional borehole soil anisotropy parameter testing device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following processes: Step 1: Place the in-hole testing device (1) at the designated location in the borehole; Step 2: After reaching the designated test position, the bidirectional cylinder (11) pushes the support plate (12) into the hole wall to provide support for the test device (1) inside the hole; Step 3: Two tandem cylinders (19) push the connecting rod support (21), the connecting rod (22) pushes out the probe (24) along the probe slide (23), and the probe probe (27) on the probe (24) and the DC current test probe (28) penetrate into the side wall soil; Step 4: Based on the data obtained by the probe (27), calculate the internal friction angle and relative density of the soil at the corresponding location in the four propagation directions; compare the differences in the mechanical parameters of the soil in the four directions of the horizontal plane at this point, and thus analyze the anisotropic properties of the test soil. Step 5: Calculate the resistivity of the soil in the four propagation directions based on the data obtained by the DC resistivity test probe (28); compare the resistivity differences in the four propagation directions by the DC resistivity test to analyze the anisotropic properties of the tested soil. Step 6; After the test is completed, the series cylinder (19) retracts the connecting rod support (21) in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the action of retracting the probe (24). The bidirectional cylinder (11) of the support mechanism (7) retracts the support plate (12) and then retracts the test device (1) in the hole.

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