A device and method for harmless disposal of expired medicines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a harmless disposal device and a harmless disposal method for expired drugs, which belong to the technical field of waste drug disposal, and include the following structures: a material box, with a feeding port on the top for feeding expired drugs, a discharge port on the bottom, a material chamber for processing expired drugs inside, and a partition with a plurality of small holes; a transmission shaft, which passes through the bottom of the material box and extends into the material chamber; a transmission motor group, which is connected to the transmission shaft for transmission and supplies it with rotation; a grinding assembly, which includes a rotating part sleeved on the top of the transmission shaft and a plurality of grinding rollers rotatably connected to the rotating part through bearings, a driving motor for driving the grinding roller to rotate is provided in the rotating part, a plurality of equally spaced concave and convex grinding strips are provided on the surface of the grinding roller, a certain gap is provided between the concave and convex grinding strips of the grinding roller and the small holes of the partition, and the grinding roller rotates and circulates above the small holes to grind the expired drugs on the partition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a waste medicine treatment technology, and in particular relates to a harmless disposal device and a harmless treatment method for expired medicines. Background Art

[0002] The environmental pollution problem of human and animal drugs has become one of the most thorny issues in current environmental pollution prevention and management. The surge in drug-resistant genes and even the emergence of superbugs have already threatened human health and social sustainability. Improper disposal of expired drugs is one of the main ways for drugs to enter the environment.

[0003] According to statistics, approximately 70% of medicines in pharmacies and hospitals remain unused until they expire, and over 88% of expired medicines are discarded with household waste and enter the natural environment, leading to drug contamination of environmental media and associated ecological risks. Therefore, the management and treatment of drug-related environmental risks are of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for harmlessly disposing expired medicines in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for harmlessly disposing of expired medicines, comprising the following structure:

[0006] The material box has a feeding port on the top for feeding expired drugs, a discharge port on the bottom, and a material chamber inside for processing expired drugs. The material chamber is provided with a partition with a plurality of small holes;

[0007] A transmission shaft passes through the bottom of the material box and extends into the material chamber;

[0008] A transmission motor group, which is connected to the transmission shaft and provides rotation;

[0009] The grinding assembly includes a rotating part mounted on the top of the transmission shaft and several grinding rollers rotatably connected to the rotating part through bearings. The rotating part is provided with a driving motor for driving the grinding roller to rotate. The surface of the grinding roller is provided with several equally spaced concave and convex grinding strips. There is a certain gap between the concave and convex grinding strips of the grinding roller and the small holes of the partition. The grinding roller rotates and circulates above the small holes to grind the expired medicines on the partition.

[0010] Preferably, the material chamber is provided with an intermittent needle insertion mechanism below the partition, and the intermittent needle insertion mechanism includes a large gear sleeved on the transmission shaft, a plurality of small gears connected to the large gear, a cam member connected to the small gear through a movable shaft, a sleeve located above the cam member and abutting the cam member, and a telescopic rod sleeved in the sleeve and movable up and down, a movable plate is connected to the top of the telescopic rod, a plurality of steel needles that can be inserted into small holes and movable are provided on the movable plate, and a compression spring abutting the sleeve is provided at the bottom of the telescopic rod.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface of the movable plate is inclined toward the transmission shaft, and a collecting bin is fixed under the partition. The movable plate guides the crushed expired drug powder to the collecting bin through the inclined top surface. The lower end of the collecting bin is provided with an inclined surface and is connected to a material inlet leading to the material chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the operating cycles of the movable plate and the grinding roller are staggered, the small hole is conical with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the steel needle can pass through the small hole.

[0013] Preferably, the material chamber is provided with a plurality of rotating plates fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0014] A method for harmlessly disposing expired medicines, comprising the expired medicine harmlessly disposing device, includes the following process:

[0015] S1, recycling lithium carbonate tablets, sorting out lithium carbonate tablets from expired drugs for induction and collection;

[0016] S2, grinding into powder, grinding the collected lithium carbonate tablets through an expired drug harmless disposal device to form powder;

[0017] S3, weigh the reaction recovery, mix the powder obtained in S2, FeSO4·7H2O, (NH4)2HPO4 and C6H8O6 in a reactor in a mass ratio of 9:45:22:21, add anhydrous ethanol, mix thoroughly and evenly, let it stand for 5 minutes and then evaporate. The fixed powder after evaporation of anhydrous ethanol is transferred to a nitrogen-filled tube furnace and pretreated at 350°C for 4 hours. Then, the temperature is increased to 700°C and maintained for 8 hours to obtain black LiFePO4 / C powder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Expired drug harmless disposal equipment can grind expired tablets into powder for centralized recycling, reducing the volume occupied. By analyzing the characteristics and chemical state of expired lithium carbonate tablets, a solution for the recycling and reuse of their lithium batteries is provided, thereby improving the economic benefits of expired drug recycling and reuse; reducing the economic losses, resource waste and environmental pollution caused by expired drugs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of a device for harmless disposal of expired drugs;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a device for harmless disposal of expired drugs;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interior of a device for harmless disposal of expired drugs;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded view of a device for harmless disposal of expired drugs;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a partial view of the intermittent pin insertion mechanism;

[0025] Figure 6 The invention is a harmless treatment method for expired drugs.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1. Transmission motor unit; 2. Material box; 3. Transmission shaft; 4. Feed port; 5. Partition; 6. Discharge port; 7. Grinding roller; 8. Rotating component; 9. Intermittent pin insertion mechanism; 10. Collecting bin; 11. Rotating plate; 12. Movable plate; 13. Steel needle; 14. Sleeve; 15. Feed port; 16. Cam member; 17. Movable shaft; 18. Small gear; 19. Large gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a device for harmlessly disposing of expired medicines includes the following structures:

[0030] The material box 2 has a feeding port 4 on the top for feeding expired drugs, a discharge port 6 on the bottom, and a material chamber for processing expired drugs inside. The material chamber is provided with a partition 5 with a plurality of small holes. The bottom of the material box 2 can be fixed on a platform such as a desktop, and the transmission motor unit 1 is hidden under the platform.

[0031] The transmission shaft 3 passes through the bottom of the material box 2 and extends into the material chamber;

[0032] The transmission motor group 1 is connected to the transmission shaft 3 and provides rotation thereto;

[0033] The grinding assembly includes a rotating member 8 mounted on the top of the transmission shaft 3 and a plurality of grinding rollers 7 rotatably connected to the rotating member via bearings. The rotating member 8 is provided with a drive motor for driving the grinding rollers 7. The surface of the grinding rollers 7 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced concave and convex grinding strips. There is a certain gap between the concave and convex grinding strips of the grinding rollers 7 and the small holes of the partition 5. The grinding rollers 7 rotate and circulate above the small holes to grind the expired drugs on the partition 5.

[0034] The top surface of the movable plate 12 is inclined toward the transmission shaft 3. A collecting bin 10 is fixed below the partition 5. The movable plate 12 guides the crushed expired drug powder to the collecting bin 10 through the inclined top surface. The lower end of the collecting bin 10 is provided with an inclined surface and is connected to a feed port 15 leading to the material chamber.

[0035] Expired drugs are put into the chamber of the material box 2 from the feeding port 4 at the top and scattered on the partition 5. The diameter of the top of the small hole is 2mm, which is smaller than the diameter of ordinary tablets. The expired drugs put in will fall on the small hole of the partition 5. When the transmission motor group 1 is started, it drives the rotating part 8 on the transmission shaft 3 to rotate. The driving motor in the rotating part 8 drives the grinding roller 7. The grinding roller 7 rotates above the partition 5. At the same time, the grinding roller 7 rotates on its own, and the concave and convex grinding strips crush the expired drugs; when the expired drugs are crushed into powder and smaller than the aperture of the narrow part of the small hole When the powder is crushed, the small hole is tapered, with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end. The powder falls from the lower end of the small hole onto the movable plate 12 below the partition 5. Since the top surface of the movable plate 12 is inclined toward the transmission shaft 3, the crushed powder enters the collection bin 10 along the top surface of the movable plate 12 and then flows into the feed port 15 along the inclined surface of the lower end, avoiding other components and entering the bottom of the material chamber. The material chamber is provided with a plurality of rotating plates 11 fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 3. The rotating plates 11 then sweep the powder at the bottom of the material chamber out of the discharge port 6, and a container can be placed below for collection.

[0036] During grinding, if the powder of expired medicine is larger than the aperture of the narrow part of the lower end of the small hole, it will accumulate at the wide part of the upper end of the small hole and thus block the small hole, and the steel needle 13 can pass through the small hole. For this reason, the material chamber is provided with an intermittent needle insertion mechanism 9 under the partition 5. The intermittent needle insertion mechanism 9 includes a large gear 19 sleeved on the transmission shaft 3, a plurality of small gears 18 transmission-connected with the large gear 19, a cam member 16 transmission-connected with the small gear 18 through a movable shaft 17, a sleeve 14 located above the cam member 16 and abutting against the cam member 16, and a telescopic rod sleeved in the sleeve 14 and movable up and down. The top of the telescopic rod is connected to a movable plate 12, and a plurality of steel needles 13 that can be inserted into the small hole are provided on the movable plate 12. The bottom of the telescopic rod is sleeved with a compression spring abutting against the sleeve 14.

[0037] When the transmission shaft 3 rotates, the large gear 19 rotates accordingly, driving the meshed small gear 18 to rotate. The movable shaft 17 connected to the small gear 18 drives the cam member 16 to rotate. When the long end of the cam member 16 rotates upward, it pushes the telescopic rod to overcome the resistance of the compression spring and lift the movable plate 12. The steel needle 13 is inserted into the small hole to break up the blocked medicine powder. The medicine powder is crushed again by the grinding roller 7 to meet the size and falls into the small hole again.

[0038] The operating cycles of the movable plate 12 and the grinding roller 7 are staggered. The cam part 16 follows the movement of the transmission shaft 3 and periodically changes the long end and the short end. When the grinding roller 7 passes through the area of ​​the movable plate 12, it changes to the short end and the steel needle 13 above it descends. When the grinding roller 7 leaves the area of ​​the movable plate 12, it changes to the long end and the steel needle 13 above it descends to avoid collision between the steel needle 13 and the grinding roller 7.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, a method for harmlessly disposing expired drugs, including an expired drug harmless disposal device, includes the following process:

[0041] S1, recycling lithium carbonate tablets, sorting out lithium carbonate tablets from expired drugs for induction and collection;

[0042] S2, grinding into powder, grinding the collected lithium carbonate tablets through an expired drug harmless disposal device to form powder;

[0043] S3, weigh the reaction recovery, mix the powder obtained in S2, FeSO4·7H2O, (NH4)2HPO4 and C6H8O6 in a reactor in a mass ratio of 9:45:22:21, add anhydrous ethanol, mix thoroughly and evenly, let it stand for 5 minutes and then evaporate. The fixed powder after evaporation of anhydrous ethanol is transferred to a nitrogen-filled tube furnace and pretreated at 350°C for 4 hours. Then, the temperature is increased to 700°C and maintained for 8 hours to obtain black LiFePO4 / C powder.

[0044] Lithium carbonate tablets are mainly used to treat mania. They have a good therapeutic and relapse prevention effect on bipolar disorder with alternating manic and depressive episodes, and also have a preventive effect on recurrent depression. The main ingredients of lithium carbonate tablets are 0.25g lithium carbonate, 0.12g auxiliary starch and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Lithium carbonate can be used as a common chemical lithium salt and applied to industries such as glass, ceramics, military and lithium batteries. LiFePO4 / C can be used as a lithium battery positive electrode material, with lithium carbonate as the lithium source and auxiliary starch and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as carbon sources for recycling and reuse.

[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for harmless disposal of expired medicines, characterized in that: Includes the following structures: A material box (2) is provided with a feeding port (4) on the top for feeding expired drugs, a discharge port (6) on the bottom, and a material chamber for processing expired drugs inside, wherein the material chamber is provided with a partition (5) with a plurality of small holes; A transmission shaft (3) passes through the bottom of the material box (2) and extends into the material chamber; A transmission motor group (1) is connected to the transmission shaft (3) and provides rotation therefor; A grinding assembly comprises a rotating part (8) sleeved on the top of a transmission shaft (3) and a plurality of grinding rollers (7) rotatably connected to the rotating part via bearings, wherein a driving motor for driving the grinding rollers (7) is provided in the rotating part (8), a plurality of equally spaced concave and convex grinding strips are provided on the surface of the grinding rollers (7), a certain gap is provided between the concave and convex grinding strips of the grinding rollers (7) and the small holes of the partition (5), and the grinding rollers (7) rotate and circulate above the small holes to grind the expired medicine on the partition (5); The material chamber is provided with an intermittent needle insertion mechanism (9) below the partition (5), and the intermittent needle insertion mechanism (9) comprises a large gear (19) sleeved on the transmission shaft (3), a plurality of small gears (18) transmission-connected to the large gear (19), a cam member (16) transmission-connected to the small gears (18) via a movable shaft (17), a sleeve (14) located above the cam member (16) and abutting against the cam member (16), and a telescopic rod sleeved in the sleeve (14) and movable up and down, wherein the top of the telescopic rod is connected to a movable plate (12), and the movable plate (12) is provided with a plurality of steel needles (13) that can be inserted into the small holes for movement, and the bottom of the telescopic rod is sleeved with a compression spring abutting against the sleeve (14).

2. The expired medicine harmless disposal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the movable plate (12) is inclined toward the transmission shaft (3), and a collecting bin (10) is fixed below the partition (5). The movable plate (12) guides the crushed expired drug powder to the collecting bin (10) through the inclined top surface. The lower end of the collecting bin (10) is provided with an inclined surface and is connected to a feed port (15) leading to the material chamber.

3. The device for harmless disposal of expired medicines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable plate (12) and the grinding roller (7) are arranged in a staggered manner during their operation cycles. The small hole is tapered with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the steel needle (13) can pass through the small hole.

4. The device for harmless disposal of expired medicines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material chamber is provided with a plurality of rotating plates (11) fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (3).

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