Blood transfusion equipment and method

Abstract

The invention provides blood transfusion equipment and a blood transfusion method, the blood transfusion equipment is used for transfusing blood to a donor, and the blood transfusion equipment comprises a main pipeline used for conveying blood; the first end of the first branch pipeline is communicated with the main pipeline, and the second end of the first branch pipeline is used for supplying blood to a donor; the first end of the second branch pipeline is communicated with the main pipeline; the bubble sensor is arranged on the main pipeline, and the bubble sensor is used for detecting bubbles in blood in the main pipeline; the valve device is switched between a first state and a second state, when the valve device is in the first state, blood in the main pipeline flows to the first branch pipeline, and when the valve device is in the second state, the blood in the main pipeline flows to the second branch pipeline. According to the blood transfusion equipment, bubbles in blood flowing to a donor can be eliminated more quickly, and the ischemia time of the donor is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical blood supply, and in particular to a blood transfusion device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the existing medical technology, organ transplantation has been widely used as an important medical method. In organ transplantation, the preservation of organs is particularly important, which not only affects the success of the operation, but also has a profound impact on the postoperative effect of the patient. Among them, in the process of organ preservation, the blood supply effect to the organ has a greater impact on the preservation of the organ. During the organ transplantation process, the blood provided to the donor may contain small bubbles, and the bubbles will enter the organ with the flow of blood. When the number of bubbles is too large or the bubbles exceed a certain volume, it may cause blood vessel blockage, forming a gas embolism that prevents the liquid from flowing, resulting in blood circulation interruption and endangering life. Traditional method of removing bubbles: a bubble sensor is set in the perfusion pipeline. Once the bubble diameter exceeds a certain size, the perfusion system will automatically alarm, and then the equipment will stop working. The perfusion personnel will find the bubbles by naked eyes, squeeze the bubbles to the exhaust position manually, and then open the valve to remove the bubbles. The traditional method of removing bubbles will take several minutes or even tens of minutes. During the process of removing bubbles, the donor cannot get blood supply, which may cause organ ischemia damage. Therefore, a blood transfusion device and method that can eliminate bubbles in the blood faster and reduce the donor ischemia time is needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a blood transfusion device that can eliminate bubbles in the blood flowing to the donor more quickly and reduce the ischemic time of the donor.

[0004] The embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention further provides a blood transfusion method.

[0005] A blood transfusion device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is used for transfusing blood to a donor, and includes: a main pipeline, the main pipeline is used to transport blood; a first branch pipeline, the first end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the end of the main pipeline, and the second end of the first branch pipeline is used to supply blood to the donor; a second branch pipeline, the first end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the end of the main pipeline; a bubble sensor, the bubble sensor is arranged on the main pipeline, and the bubble sensor is used to detect bubbles in the blood in the main pipeline; a valve device, the valve device switches between a first state and a second state, when the valve device is in the first state, the blood in the main pipeline flows to the first branch pipeline, and when the valve device is in the second state, the blood in the main pipeline flows to the second branch pipeline.

[0006] The blood transfusion device according to the first embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: blood is transported through the main pipeline, and when the bubble sensor does not detect bubbles in the blood, the valve device switches to the first state, at which time the main pipeline inputs blood without bubbles into the first branch pipeline, and supplies blood to the donor through the second branch pipeline. When the bubble sensor detects bubbles in the blood in the main pipeline, the valve device switches to the second state, at which time the main pipeline inputs blood containing bubbles into the second branch pipeline, and discharges the blood containing bubbles through the second branch pipeline, and after the blood containing bubbles is discharged, the valve device switches to the first state and continues to supply blood to the donor. This ensures that the blood provided to the donor contains bubbles in the middle, and by discharging the blood containing bubbles, the interval of suspending blood supply to the donor can be greatly shortened.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device also includes a blood reservoir, in which blood is stored, the main pipeline is connected to the blood reservoir and transports the blood in the blood reservoir to the first branch pipeline or the second branch pipeline, and the second end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the blood reservoir.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a bubble elimination device is provided on the blood reservoir, and the bubble elimination device is used to eliminate bubbles in the blood in the blood reservoir.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device also includes an oxygenator, which is disposed on the main pipeline and is used to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood in the main pipeline, and the bubble sensor is disposed downstream of the oxygenator.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises a centrifugal pump, wherein the centrifugal pump is used to drive the blood flow in the main pipeline, and the bubble sensor is arranged downstream of the centrifugal pump.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device also includes a three-way tube, which includes a first interface, a second interface and a third interface that are interconnected, the first interface is connected to the end of the main pipeline, the second interface is connected to the first end of the first branch pipeline, and the third interface is connected to the first end of the second branch pipeline.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the valve device includes a first valve and a second valve, the first valve is arranged on the first branch pipeline, and the second valve is arranged on the second branch pipeline; when the valve device is in a first state, the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed; when the valve device is in a second state, the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises a flow rate control device, wherein the control device is used to control the flow rate of the blood in the main pipeline.

[0014] According to the blood transfusion method of the second aspect of the present invention, the blood transfusion device described in any one of the above embodiments is used to implement the method. When the bubble sensor does not detect bubbles in the blood, the valve device switches to the first state to allow the blood to supply the donor along the first branch pipe; when the bubble sensor detects bubbles in the blood, the valve device switches to the second state to allow the blood with bubbles to be discharged along the second branch pipe.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the valve device is in a first state, the flow rate of the blood is V1; when the valve device is in a second state, the flow rate of the blood is V2; V2 ≥ V1.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a blood transfusion device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-way tube of a blood transfusion device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of blood circulation when a blood transfusion device supplies blood to a donor in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of blood circulation when a blood transfusion device stops supplying blood to a donor in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] 11. Main pipeline; 12. First branch pipeline; 13. Second branch pipeline; 2. Bubble sensor; 3. Valve device; 31. First valve; 32. Second valve; 4. Blood reservoir; 5. Oxygenator; 6. Centrifugal pump; 7. Tee pipe; 71. First interface; 72. Second interface; 73. Third interface; 81. Filter; 82. Pressure sensor; 83. Flow meter; 9. Donor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "many" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] Bubbles will be generated in liquids such as blood and medicine provided to donors. There are many reasons for the generation of bubbles. Before the donor is perfused, the temperature of the required blood, medicine or nutrient solution is lower than the room temperature. The characteristics of the perfused medicine and nutrient solution, the input operation and preparation techniques of the medicine and nutrient solution are the main reasons for the generation of bubbles. The first is the temperature difference of blood, infusion and nutrient solution. In winter, the temperature of medicine is 5-10℃, the temperature of the pharmacy is 15-20℃, and the temperature of the infusion environment of patients in the infusion room, ward, operating room, etc. is generally 20-25℃. Before perfusion, the temperature of blood, infusion and nutrient solution (4℃ cold storage blood) is lower than the perfusion environment temperature. During the perfusion process, the blood, infusion and nutrient solution are constantly heated up. During the heating process, the blood, infusion and nutrient solution are in a state of gas supersaturation, which will continuously precipitate and generate tiny bubbles. The greater the temperature difference before and after perfusion, the longer the perfusion time, and the more bubbles generated. The second is the characteristics of the drug. The medicinal properties of some liquid medicines are prone to produce bubbles, such as volatile nitrates, viscous glucose and other liquid medicines; highly foaming saponins are prone to produce bubbles. Traditional Chinese medicine preparations, as well as colloidal and viscous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular liquid medicines, also have the ability to slow down the release and precipitation of bubbles; these drugs are prone to produce a large number of long-lasting "hidden bubbles". There are also preparation and infusion techniques for liquid medicines and nutrient solutions. Among them, when nurses prepare drugs, they inject drugs from the mouth of the infusion bottle that is placed correctly, which is easy to produce bubbles; when the infusion exhaust operation is performed, the liquid flow rate in the pipeline is too fast, and the air in the Maofei drip pot instantly rushes into the liquid medicine and does not have time to float to the surface of the drip pot, but enters the lower section of the pipeline. The larger the infusion volume and the longer the infusion time, the more bubbles will precipitate.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The blood transfusion device of the first embodiment of the present invention is used for transfusing blood to a donor 9, and comprises: a main pipeline 11, a first branch pipeline 12, a second branch pipeline 13, a bubble sensor 2 and a valve device 3. The main pipeline 11 is used for conveying blood; the first end of the first branch pipeline 12 is connected to the end of the main pipeline 11, and the second end of the first branch pipeline 12 is used for supplying blood to the donor 9; the first end of the second branch pipeline 13 is connected to the end of the main pipeline 11; the bubble sensor 2 is arranged on the main pipeline 11, and the bubble sensor 2 is used for detecting bubbles in the blood in the main pipeline 11; the valve device 3 switches between a first state and a second state. When the valve device 3 is in the first state, the blood in the main pipeline 11 flows to the first branch pipeline 12, and when the valve device 3 is in the second state, the blood in the main pipeline 11 flows to the second branch pipeline 13. When conveying blood or liquid medicine to the donor 9, the blood is conveyed to the donor 9 through the passage formed by the main pipeline 11 and the first branch pipeline 12, and the blood in the main pipeline 11 flows to the end of the main pipeline 11. When blood flows through the main pipeline 11, the bubbles in the flowing blood are detected by the bubble sensor 2. When the bubble sensor 2 detects the presence of bubbles in the blood, the valve device 3 is triggered, so that the valve device 3 switches from the first state to the second state. At this time, the blood with bubbles will not enter the first branch pipeline 12, but will be discharged through the second branch pipeline 13. After the blood with bubbles is discharged, it continues to supply blood to the donor 9 through the first branch pipeline 12. When the bubble sensor 2 is used to detect whether there are bubbles in the blood, the size of the bubbles that the bubble sensor 2 can detect can be adjusted, that is, the bubble sensor 2 can be triggered only when the volume of the bubbles is large. Because smaller bubbles will not affect the donor 9, it can avoid the valve device 3 switching between the first state and the second state too frequently.

[0030] Specifically, there is a certain distance between the bubble sensor 2 and the position where the second branch pipe 13 is connected to the main pipe 11. After the bubble sensor 2 detects the bubble, the valve device 3 switches to the second state before the bubble reaches the position where the second branch pipe 13 is connected to the main pipe 11, thereby ensuring that the blood with the bubble enters the second branch pipe 13. In order to ensure that the blood with the bubble completely enters the second branch pipe 13, a certain delay can be set after the bubble sensor 2 detects that there are no bubbles in the blood before switching the valve device 3 back to the first state, so that the blood with the bubble completely enters the second branch pipe 13. The length of the delay time is determined according to the flow rate of the blood in the main pipe 11 and the distance between the bubble sensor 2 and the position where the second branch pipe 13 is connected to the main pipe 11. In order to shorten the time of suspending the blood supply to the donor 9, the distance between the bubble sensor 2 and the position where the second branch pipe 13 is connected to the main pipe 11 can be shortened, and the blood flow rate of the valve device 3 in the second state can also be increased to shorten the time of suspending the blood supply to the donor 9. A flow meter 83 may be provided on the main pipeline 11 to measure the flow rate of blood in the main pipeline to determine whether the bubbles have been discharged into the second branch pipeline 13. That is, after the bubble sensor 2 detects that there are bubbles in the blood, the blood passing through the flow meter 83 is greater than the volume of blood between the bubble sensor 2 and the second branch pipeline 13 connecting the main pipeline 11, so that the bubbles can be ensured to be discharged into the second branch pipeline 13. Specifically, when a bubble appears in the main pipeline, the bubble passes through the bubble sensor and is detected by the bubble sensor. After the bubble sensor detects the bubble, the valve device switches to the second state and switches back to the first state after the delay time. When multiple intermittent bubbles appear in the main pipeline, that is, after the valve device is in the second state after the delay time and switches back to the first state, the bubble sensor detects the bubble again, and the above operation is repeated. When multiple bubbles appear continuously in the main pipeline, that is, before the valve device switches back to the first state, the bubble sensor detects the bubble again, the delay time is calculated from the last bubble, that is, after the last bubble passes through the bubble sensor and switches back to the first state after the delay time.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises a blood reservoir 4, in which blood is stored, the main pipeline 11 is connected with the blood reservoir 4 and delivers the blood in the blood reservoir 4 to the first branch pipeline 12 or the second branch pipeline 13, and the second end of the second branch pipeline 13 is connected with the blood reservoir 4. The blood is stored in the blood reservoir 4, and the blood in the blood reservoir 4 flows along the main pipeline 11 to the end of the main pipeline 11, and flows to the first branch pipeline 12 or the second branch pipeline 13 at the end, wherein the blood without bubbles flows to the donor 9 through the first branch pipeline 12, and the blood with bubbles flows back to the blood storage tank through the second branch pipeline 13, so as to avoid the waste of blood.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a bubble elimination device is provided on the blood reservoir 4, and the bubble elimination device is used to eliminate bubbles in the blood in the blood reservoir 4. The bubble elimination device is provided in the blood reservoir 4, so that bubbles in the blood are reduced, and blood can be provided to the donor 9 more efficiently. At the same time, bubbles discharged from the second branch pipe 13 are eliminated to prevent the bubbles from entering the main pipe 11 again.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises an oxygenator 5, which is arranged on the main pipeline 11, and is used to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood in the main pipeline 11, and the bubble sensor 2 is arranged downstream of the oxygenator 5. The blood exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide in the oxygenator, and is heated to a temperature of about 37°C required by the human body, and the blood becomes oxygen-rich arterial blood. The bubble sensor 2 is arranged downstream of the oxygenator 5 to prevent the blood from generating bubbles in the oxygenator 5, and the bubbles generated in the oxygenator 5 are also discharged through the second branch pipeline 13. Further, a thrombus filter 81 can be arranged to filter out solid emboli in the blood, and to a certain extent, some microbubbles can also be filtered out, wherein the bubble sensor 2 is arranged downstream of the thrombus filter 81.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises a centrifugal pump 6, which is used to drive the blood flow in the main pipeline 11, and the bubble sensor 2 is arranged downstream of the centrifugal pump 6. The centrifugal pump 6 is arranged on the main pipeline 11 to provide power for the flow of blood, wherein bubbles may be generated when the blood passes through the centrifugal pump 6, and therefore the bubble sensor 2 is arranged downstream of the centrifugal pump 6.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises a three-way pipe 7, the three-way pipe 7 comprises a first interface 71, a second interface 72 and a third interface 73 which are interconnected, the first interface 71 is connected to the end of the main pipeline 11, the second interface 72 is connected to the first end of the first branch pipeline 12, and the third interface 73 is connected to the first end of the second branch pipeline 13. In this way, the first branch pipeline 12 and the second branch pipeline 13 are both connected to the main pipeline 11, and after the bubble sensor 2 detects the bubble, before the bubble in the blood reaches the three-way pipe 7, the valve device 3 is switched from the first state to the second state.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the valve device 3 includes a first valve 31 and a second valve 32, wherein the first valve 31 is arranged on the first branch pipeline 12, and the second valve 32 is arranged on the second branch pipeline 13; when the valve device 3 is in the first state, the first valve 31 is opened and the second valve 32 is closed; when the valve device 3 is in the second state, the first valve 31 is closed and the second valve 32 is opened. When the valve device 3 is in the first state, the first valve 31 is opened and the second valve 32 is closed, so that blood can be supplied to the donor 9 along the first branch pipeline 12, and at this time, there are no bubbles in the blood. When the valve device 3 is in the second state, the first valve 31 is closed and the second valve 32 is opened, and at this time, the blood is prohibited from passing through the first branch pipeline 12, but the blood containing bubbles in the main pipeline 11 is discharged through the second branch pipeline 13. Specifically, the first valve 31 and the second valve 32 can be tube clamp valves, pinch-off valves, tube compression valves, airbag valves, and clamp-off valves, and the sleeve is squeezed by pneumatic, electric, manual or hydraulic driving methods to achieve the effect of pipeline switch. A pressure sensor 82 may also be provided on the first pipe 12 to detect the pressure of blood when it passes through the first pipe 12 , so as to better supply blood to the donor 9 .

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the blood transfusion device further comprises a flow rate control device, which is used to control the flow rate of blood in the main pipeline 11. When the valve device 3 is in the first state, the flow rate of blood is adjusted to a flow rate suitable for the donor 9 through the control device. When the valve device 3 is in the second state, the flow rate of blood can be controlled to be accelerated, thereby shortening the time of suspending blood supply to the donor 9. The control device can control the flow rate of blood by controlling the driving speed of the centrifugal pump 6 through signal connection with the centrifugal pump 6. At the same time, the control device can also communicate with the bubble sensor 2 and the valve device 3, and control the state of the valve device 3 through the data transmitted by the bubble sensor 2.

[0038] According to the blood transfusion method of the second embodiment of the present invention, the blood transfusion device of any one of the above embodiments is used to implement the method. When the bubble sensor 2 does not detect bubbles in the blood, the valve device 3 switches to the first state so that the blood supplies the donor 9 along the first branch pipe 12; when the bubble sensor 2 detects bubbles in the blood, the valve device 3 switches to the second state so that the blood with bubbles is discharged along the second branch pipe 13. This ensures that the blood flowing to the donor 9 does not contain bubbles. At the same time, the switching speed of the valve device 3 is fast, and the speed of discharging bubbles is also fast, so that the time of suspending blood supply to the donor 9 is shorter. When the valve device 3 is in the first state, the blood flow rate is V1; when the valve device 3 is in the second state, the blood flow rate is V2; V2 ≥ V1. The valve device 3 supplies blood to the donor 9 in the first state, and the blood flow rate V1 at this time is adapted to the flow rate of the donor 9. When the valve device 3 is in the second state, the blood with bubbles is discharged outwardly. At this time, increasing the blood flow rate V2 can further shorten the time of suspending blood supply to the donor 9, so as to provide better blood supply to the donor 9.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Claims

1. A blood transfusion device for transfusing blood to a donor, characterized in that: include: A main pipeline, the main pipeline is used to transport blood; a first branch pipe, wherein a first end of the first branch pipe is connected to a terminal end of the main pipe, and a second end of the first branch pipe is used to supply blood to a donor; a second branch pipeline, wherein a first end of the second branch pipeline is connected to a terminal end of the main pipeline; A bubble sensor, the bubble sensor is arranged on the main pipeline, and the bubble sensor is used to detect bubbles in the blood in the main pipeline; A valve device is switched between a first state and a second state. When the valve device is in the first state, the blood in the main pipeline flows to the first branch pipeline. When the valve device is in the second state, the blood in the main pipeline flows to the second branch pipeline.

2. A blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood transfusion device also includes a blood reservoir, in which blood is stored. The main pipeline is connected to the blood reservoir and transports the blood in the blood reservoir to the first branch pipeline or the second branch pipeline. The second end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the blood reservoir.

3. A blood transfusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blood reservoir is provided with a bubble elimination device, and the bubble elimination device is used to eliminate bubbles in the blood in the blood reservoir.

4. A blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood transfusion device also includes an oxygenator, which is arranged on the main pipeline and is used to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood in the main pipeline. The bubble sensor is arranged downstream of the oxygenator.

5. A blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood transfusion device further comprises a centrifugal pump, which is used to drive the blood flow in the main pipeline, and the bubble sensor is arranged downstream of the centrifugal pump.

6. A blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood transfusion device also includes a three-way tube, which includes a first interface, a second interface and a third interface that are interconnected, the first interface is connected to the end of the main pipeline, the second interface is connected to the first end of the first branch pipeline, and the third interface is connected to the first end of the second branch pipeline.

7. A blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve device includes a first valve and a second valve, the first valve is arranged on the first branch pipeline, and the second valve is arranged on the second branch pipeline; when the valve device is in a first state, the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed; when the valve device is in a second state, the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened.

8. A blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood transfusion device further comprises a flow rate control device, wherein the flow rate of the blood in the main pipeline is controlled by the control device.

9. A blood transfusion method, characterized in that: Using the blood transfusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, when the bubble sensor does not detect bubbles in the blood, the valve device switches to the first state so that the blood is supplied to the donor along the first branch pipe; When the bubble sensor detects bubbles in the blood, the valve device switches to the second state to allow the blood with bubbles to be discharged along the second branch pipe.

10. A blood transfusion device and method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the valve device is in the first state, the flow rate of the blood is V1; when the valve device is in the second state, the flow rate of the blood is V2; V2 ≥ V1.

Images