Cultivation method and application of high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, in particular to a cultivation method and application of a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line. Comprising the following steps: selecting parents; hybridizing to obtain F1-generation seeds; fertile single plants with good comprehensive agronomic characters and excellent waxiness are selected from the F2 generation to the F5 generation; sterile single plants which are excellent in character, good in flowering habit, high in stigma exsertion rate and thorough in abortion are selected for the F6 generation and the F7 generation, and seeds are harvested through cold water treatment and bagging selfing; then, expanding propagation is carried out according to a two-line sterile line stock seed propagation process, and the method is used for cultivation practice of a hybrid high-quality black glutinous rice combination. The invention provides a cultivation method and application of a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line, so that the high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line is cultivated and used for matching high-yield and high-quality hybrid black glutinous rice combinations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, and in particular to a method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application. Background Art

[0003] Glutinous rice is one of my country's traditional grain crops and an important raw material for the production of non-staple food. With the improvement of people's living standards and the development of the food industry, especially the brewing industry, black glutinous rice and its food, which are both natural, healthy and nutritious, are favored by consumers. However, historically, the breeding level of glutinous rice, especially black glutinous rice, is much lower than that of ordinary sticky rice. The main varieties used in production are some traditional local conventional varieties domesticated from wild rice. Most of them have defects such as long service life, low yield, tall plants, easy lodging, and long growth period. There are few hybrid black glutinous rice combinations.

[0004] The cultivation of high-quality two-line sterile lines of black glutinous rice is of great significance to the combination of high-yield and high-quality hybrid black glutinous rice. It is an important national demand to comprehensively improve the yield level of black glutinous rice and ensure food security.

[0005] The traditional breeding technology route of two-line sterile rice is to use the combination of two-line sterile rice lines to plant the F2 generation, and select sterile lines from the F2 generation. There are mainly the following problems: First, it is difficult to accurately grasp the authenticity of its comprehensive agronomic traits, including panicle uniformity, fruit setting rate, late color change, etc., and the effect of comprehensive trait selection is poor; second, since the fertile stage is all under low temperature conditions for filling, the authenticity of the chalkiness rate of rice appearance cannot be guaranteed; third, it is necessary to cut the stumps and transplant the stumps. If the regenerated ears do not encounter low temperatures or the heading is too late to be harvested, the stumps must be taken to Hainan Province, which increases the workload and is extremely inefficient; fourth, the low critical temperature selection is a bit cumbersome. Although the effect is good, the efficiency is not high. The present invention provides a breeding method and application of a two-line sterile line of high-quality black glutinous rice. The technical route is to select fertile plants in the F2-F5 generations, and then select sterile plants in the F6 and F7 generations. This method has four major advantages: first, the reliability of the selected single plant is increased; second, the breeding efficiency of the sterile line can be greatly improved; third, the reliability of rice quality selection can be increased; and fourth, the combining ability is guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application, thereby cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line for assembling a high-yield and high-quality hybrid black glutinous rice combination, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application, comprising the following steps:

[0009] 1) Parent selection: rice two-line sterile line a with excellent characteristics, high-quality black glutinous rice germplasm b;

[0010] 2) The specific steps for cultivating high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile lines are as follows:

[0011] S1: Using the two-line sterile rice line a with excellent characteristics as the female parent and the high-quality black glutinous rice germplasm b as the male parent, artificial pruning was used to perform hybridization and harvest hybrid seeds;

[0012] S2: Plant all the hybrid seeds harvested in S1 into the F1 generation, select true hybrids, and perform mixed harvesting;

[0013] S3: Plant the F2 generation plants with the mixed seeds collected in S2, select 15-20 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves and black rice, and harvest the individual plants;

[0014] S4: Take the seeds harvested in S3 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality;

[0015] S5: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S4 are divided into individual plants to plant F3 generation plants, and 3-5 fertile plants with short stems, short and straight leaves, and black rice are selected from each excellent plant line separated from the sterile line, and the individual plants are harvested;

[0016] S6: Take the seeds harvested in S5 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality;

[0017] S7: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S6 are divided into individual plants to plant F4 generation plants, and 3-5 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves and black rice are selected from each plant line with sterile lines, and the individual plants are harvested;

[0018] S8: Take the seeds harvested in S7 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality;

[0019] S9: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S8 are divided into individual plants to plant F5 generation plants, and 3-5 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves, and black rice are selected from each plant line with sterile lines, and the individual plants are harvested;

[0020] S10: Take the seeds harvested in S9 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality;

[0021] S11: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S10 are divided into individual plants to plant F6 generation plants, and black rice sterile plants with good flowering habits and high stigma exposure rates are selected from the plants with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits;

[0022] S12: Cut the stumps of the sterile plants selected in S11, wait for the regenerated seedlings to grow to the spikelet differentiation stage IV, move them to a cold water pool for 7-10 days, conduct microscopic examination when the stumps break and spike, and select the plants with complete pollen abortion;

[0023] S13: The aborted individual plants selected in S12 are cut again, and when the regenerated seedlings grow to the spikelet differentiation stage IV, they are moved to a cold water pool for treatment for 10-15 days, bagged and self-pollinated at heading, and the individual plants are harvested;

[0024] S14: The self-pollinated seeds harvested in S13 are divided into individual plants and planted into F7 generation lines, and lines with excellent traits, good flowering habits, and high stigma exposure rate are selected, bagged and self-pollinated, and seeds are harvested, thereby breeding high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile lines with stable traits;

[0025] 3) The high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile seeds harvested from S14 were expanded and propagated according to the two-line sterile original seed propagation process and used in the cultivation practice of hybrid high-quality black glutinous rice combinations.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention: the population of the F2 generation strains is not less than 1500 strains.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention: the population of the F3 generation strains is not less than 110 strains.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention: the population of the F4 generation strains is not less than 60 strains.

[0029] As a further solution of the present invention: the population of the F5 generation strains is not less than 40 strains.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention: the population of the F6 generation strains is not less than 30 strains.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention: the population of the F7 generation strains is not less than 20 strains.

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific requirements for retaining excellent glutinous rice are: glutinous rice rate ≤ 2%, amylose content ≤ 2%, and gel consistency ≥ 90 mm.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention: the temperature of the cold water pool in S12 is 23°C.

[0034] As a further solution of the present invention: the temperature of the cold water pool in S13 is 21°C.

[0035] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0036] 1. Improve the breeding level of black glutinous rice: Through this method, a high-quality two-line sterile black glutinous rice line was successfully cultivated, solving the problem of relatively low breeding level of glutinous rice, especially black glutinous rice. This provides an important foundation for the combination of high-yield and high-quality hybrid black glutinous rice, and helps to comprehensively improve the yield level of black glutinous rice.

[0037] 2. Ensure food security: As an important food crop, rice production is of great significance to ensuring food security. The implementation of this method will help increase the yield and quality of black glutinous rice, thereby ensuring food security and meeting people's demand for high-quality and healthy food to a certain extent.

[0038] 3. Optimizing black glutinous rice varieties: The high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile lines bred by this method have excellent characteristics such as short stems, short and straight leaves, black rice, and excellent glutinous properties (low glutinous rice rate, low amylose content, and high gel consistency). These characteristics make the new varieties more resistant to lodging during growth, while improving the taste and nutritional value of rice.

[0039] 4. Promote sustainable agricultural development: The implementation of this method not only improves the yield and quality of black glutinous rice, but also helps promote the advancement of agricultural science and technology and sustainable agricultural development. By optimizing breeding technology and variety selection, agricultural production efficiency and resource utilization efficiency can be further improved.

[0040] 5. Meeting market demand: With the improvement of people's living standards and the development of the food industry, consumers' demand for natural, healthy and nutritious black glutinous rice and its food is increasing. The implementation of this method will help meet this market demand and promote the development and growth of the black glutinous rice industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] Example:

[0045] A method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application, comprising the following steps:

[0046] 1) Parent selection: Zhongzhongxin 2S and 18E6009. The reasons for parent selection are as follows: Zhongzhongxin 2S (Plant Variety Rights No.: CNA20160730.5) is a two-line sterile rice line with excellent characteristics, serving as both the donor parent of the sterile gene and the backbone recipient parent of excellent comprehensive agronomic traits; 18E6009 is a self-bred high-quality black glutinous rice germplasm, serving as the donor parent of glutinous source, high quality and black color. These two parents ensure that there are sufficient sources of favorable traits such as sterile trait, glutinous quality, high quality and black color;

[0047] 2) The specific steps for cultivating the high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line "Gangheinuo S" are as follows:

[0048] S1: With Zhongzhongxin 2S as the female parent and 18E6009 as the male parent, artificial pruning was used to perform hybridization and harvest hybrid seeds;

[0049] S2: Plant all the hybrid seeds harvested in S1 into the F1 generation, select true hybrids, and perform mixed harvesting;

[0050] S3: The mixed seeds collected in S2 were used to plant the F2 generation (1710 plants), and 16 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves and black rice were selected and harvested individually;

[0051] S4: The seeds harvested in S3 were taken to the laboratory for rice quality analysis, and 7 individual plants with excellent glutinous quality (glutinous rice rate ≤ 2%, amylose content ≤ 2%, gel consistency ≥ 90 mm) were retained;

[0052] S5: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S4 were used to plant 7 F3 generation lines (130 plants) individually, and two-line sterile lines were separated from 4 lines. Three fertile plants with short stems, short leaves and black rice were selected from each excellent line with sterile lines, and the individual plants were harvested, and a total of 12 plants were harvested;

[0053] S6: Take the seeds harvested in S5 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis, and retain 5 individual plants with excellent glutinous quality (glutinous rice rate ≤ 2%, amylose content ≤ 2%, gel consistency ≥ 90 mm);

[0054] S7: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S6 were used to plant 5 F4 generation lines (70 plants) individually, and two sterile lines were separated from 3 lines. Three fertile plants with short stems, short leaves and black rice were selected from each sterile line, and the individual plants were harvested, and a total of 9 plants were harvested;

[0055] S8: Bring the seeds harvested in S7 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis, and retain 3 individual plants with excellent glutinous quality (glutinous rice rate ≤ 2%, amylose content ≤ 2%, gel consistency ≥ 90 mm);

[0056] S9: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S8 were used to plant three F5 generation lines (50 plants) individually, and two lines of sterile lines were separated from two lines. Four fertile plants with short stems, short leaves and black rice were selected from each line with sterile lines, and the individual plants were harvested, and a total of 8 plants were harvested;

[0057] S10: Bring the seeds harvested from S9 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis, and retain 3 individual plants with excellent glutinous quality (glutinous rice rate ≤ 2%, amylose content ≤ 2%, gel consistency ≥ 90 mm);

[0058] S11: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S10 were divided into individual plants to plant three F6 generation plant lines (30 plants), and eight black rice sterile plants with good flowering habits and high stigma exposure rates were selected from two plant lines with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits;

[0059] S12: Cut the stumps of the sterile plants selected in S11, wait for the regenerated seedlings to grow to the spikelet differentiation stage IV, move them to a cold water pool (23°C) for 8 days, conduct microscopic examination when the stumps break and spike, and select 3 plants with complete pollen abortion;

[0060] S13: The aborted plants selected in S12 are cut again, and when the regenerated seedlings grow to the spikelet differentiation stage IV, they are moved to a cold water pool (21°C) for 10-15 days, bagged and self-pollinated at heading, and the seeds of the individual plants are harvested;

[0061] S14: The self-pollinated seeds harvested in S13 were divided into individual plants to plant three F7 generation lines (20 plants), and one line with excellent traits, good flowering habits, and high stigma exposure rate was selected, bagged and self-pollinated, and seeds were harvested, thus breeding a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line "Ganghei Nuo S" (yin glutinous rice rate 1.2%, amylose content 1.4%, gel consistency 98mm) with stable traits;

[0062] 3) The seeds of the high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line "Gang Heinuo S" harvested in S14 were expanded and propagated according to the two-line sterile line original seed breeding process, and used in the breeding practice of hybrid high-quality black glutinous rice combinations. Combinations such as Gang Heinuo S / 1933 and Gang Heinuo S / 2028 were produced, all of which showed the advantages of black rice, high yield and good stickiness.

[0063] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Parent selection: rice two-line sterile line a with excellent characteristics, high-quality black glutinous rice germplasm b; 2) The specific steps for cultivating high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile lines are as follows: S1: Using the two-line sterile rice line a with excellent characteristics as the female parent and the high-quality black glutinous rice germplasm b as the male parent, artificial pruning was used to perform hybridization and harvest hybrid seeds; S2: Plant all the hybrid seeds harvested in S1 into the F1 generation, select true hybrids, and perform mixed harvesting; S3: Plant the F2 generation plants with the mixed seeds collected in S2, select 15-20 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves and black rice, and harvest the individual plants; S4: Take the seeds harvested in S3 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality; S5: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S4 are divided into individual plants to plant F3 generation plants, and 3-5 fertile plants with short stems, short and straight leaves, and black rice are selected from each excellent plant line separated from the sterile line, and the individual plants are harvested; S6: Take the seeds harvested in S5 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality; S7: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S6 are divided into individual plants to plant F4 generation plants, and 3-5 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves and black rice are selected from each plant line with sterile lines, and the individual plants are harvested; S8: Take the seeds harvested in S7 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality; S9: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S8 are divided into individual plants to plant F5 generation plants, and 3-5 fertile plants with short stems, short and upright leaves, and black rice are selected from each plant line with sterile lines, and the individual plants are harvested; S10: Take the seeds harvested in S9 to the laboratory for rice quality analysis and retain the individual plants with good glutinous quality; S11: The seeds of the excellent glutinous plants retained in S10 are divided into individual plants to plant F6 generation plants, and black rice sterile plants with good flowering habits and high stigma exposure rates are selected from the plants with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits; S12: Cut the stumps of the sterile plants selected in S11, wait for the regenerated seedlings to grow to the spikelet differentiation stage IV, move them to a cold water pool for 7-10 days, conduct microscopic examination when the stumps break and spike, and select the plants with complete pollen abortion; S13: The aborted individual plants selected in S12 are cut again, and when the regenerated seedlings grow to the spikelet differentiation stage IV, they are moved to a cold water pool for treatment for 10-15 days, bagged and self-pollinated at heading, and the individual plants are harvested; S14: The self-pollinated seeds harvested in S13 are divided into individual plants and planted into F7 generation lines, and lines with excellent traits, good flowering habits, and high stigma exposure rate are selected, bagged and self-pollinated, and seeds are harvested, thereby breeding high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile lines with stable traits; 3) The high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile seeds harvested from S14 were expanded and propagated according to the two-line sterile original seed propagation process and used in the cultivation practice of hybrid high-quality black glutinous rice combinations.

2. The method and application of cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population of the F2 generation strains is not less than 1500 strains.

3. The method and application of cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population of the F3 generation strains is not less than 110 strains.

4. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population of the F4 generation strains is not less than 60 strains.

5. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population of the F5 generation strains is no less than 40 strains.

6. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population of the F6 generation strains is no less than 30 strains.

7. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population of the F7 generation strains is no less than 20 strains.

8. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific requirements for retaining the excellent glutinous rice are: glutinous rice rate ≤ 2%, amylose content ≤ 2%, and gel consistency ≥ 90 mm.

9. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the cold water pool in S12 is 23°C.

10. The method for cultivating a high-quality black glutinous rice two-line sterile line and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the cold water pool in S13 is 21°C.

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