Drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief blowout prevention hole construction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process which comprises the following steps: firstly, moving a drilling machine to a drilling position, fixing the drilling machine, and mounting a pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool on the drilling machine; then, the construction angle of the drilling machine is adjusted, and the drilling machine is started to drive the pressure-relief blowout-prevention spiral drilling tool to drill; after drilling to a designated position, high-pressure water flow is supplied into the drilling tool for punching operation; and after punching is completed, the hole protection device is conveyed to the bottom of the drill hole through the center of the drilling tool, and the hole protection device is clamped on the wall of the drill hole to achieve hole protection. When the pressure-relief blowout-prevention spiral drilling tool is used for conducting upward hole drilling in an underground coal mine, one part of drilling slag outside the drilling tool is discharged outwards through the spiral conveying effect of blades on the outer surface of the pressure-relief blowout-prevention drilling tool, and the other part of the drilling slag is discharged outwards through the first pressure-relief slag discharging channel, the second pressure-relief slag discharging channel and the third pressure-relief slag discharging channel. The method is convenient to operate, high-pressure gas can be prevented from being accumulated in the drill hole, the drill hole deslagging efficiency is greatly improved, and the rotating resistance of the drill rod is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground drilling in coal mines, and specifically relates to a construction process for a pressure relief and anti-blowout hole integrating drilling, punching and protection. Background Art

[0002] Pre-extraction of coal seam gas through drilling is an effective technical measure to prevent and control coal and gas outbursts. However, when drilling in outburst coal seams, due to the influence of ground stress, gas pressure, drilling tool disturbance, etc., the drilling is prone to abnormal dynamic phenomena such as hole collapse, hole blockage, hole spraying, and drill sticking, which not only affects the drilling depth of the borehole, but also causes the gas spraying hole to exceed the limit, causing major safety hazards to on-site construction.

[0003] At present, coal mines mainly adopt measures to install blowout prevention devices outside the borehole in terms of blowout prevention. These measures are passive technical measures after the borehole blowout occurs, and cannot actively prevent blowout inside the borehole, especially cannot solve the blowout caused by borehole blockage. If the borehole is blocked during the drilling process, the gas deep in the borehole will gradually accumulate, and then form a "gas bag" with a certain pressure and volume; when the blocked section of the borehole is suddenly unblocked, the accumulated high-pressure gas will suddenly spray out, causing the orifice and tunnel gas to exceed the limit. Therefore, there is a need for a drilling, flushing and protection integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process that has a pressure relief and blowout prevention function, low drilling resistance, and can meet the needs of safe and efficient drilling of soft and protruding coal seams. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process with pressure relief and blowout prevention function, low drilling resistance and meeting the needs of safe and efficient drilling in soft and protruding coal seams. When the present application uses a pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill to perform upward hole drilling in a coal (rock) layer, a part of the drill cuttings outside the drill tool is discharged outwardly through the spiral conveying action of the outer blades of the pressure relief and blowout prevention drill tool, and the other part enters the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel of the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool through the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole and the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole. The drill cuttings that enter are discharged outwardly along the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel under the action of gravity. The rotation of the drill tool reduces the resistance between the drill cuttings and the wall of the pressure relief and slag discharge channel, accelerates the sliding speed, and thus improves the drilling efficiency and slag discharge efficiency. In addition, the gas deep in the borehole of the present invention can enter the pressure relief and slag discharge channel through the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole of the open and close drilling and punching drill bit and the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole of the sieve hole spiral drill rod, and then connect with the outside of the borehole, avoiding gas accumulation inside the borehole, and effectively solving the technical problems of abnormal gas gushing in the hole causing spray holes and spray holes caused by blockage due to borehole collapse.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process comprises the following steps: (1) Move the drilling rig to the drilling position, fix the drilling rig, and install the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool on the drilling rig; (2) Adjust the construction angle of the drilling rig, provide low-pressure water flow or pressure air flow into the drilling tool, start the drilling rig to drive the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool to drill; (3) After the drill reaches the designated position, high-pressure water flow is supplied to the drill bit to perform punching operations; (4) After punching is completed, the hole protection device is sent to the bottom of the drill hole through the drilling tool, so that the hole protection device is clamped on the wall of the drill hole to protect the hole.

[0006] The pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool comprises a plurality of mutually connected sieve hole spiral drill rods, an open and close drilling and punching drill bit arranged at the front end of the frontmost sieve hole spiral drill rod, and a slag supply and discharge device arranged at the rear end of the rearmost sieve hole spiral drill rod, the sieve hole spiral drill rod comprises a drill rod body, the interior of the drill rod body is arranged with a first pressure relief and slag discharge channel which is through front and back and has a circular cross section, the front end of the drill rod body is arranged with a first threaded joint, the first threaded joint comprises a first threaded section and a first extension section, the outer diameter of the first threaded section is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod body, the outer diameter of the first extension section is smaller than the outer diameter of the first threaded section, the outside of the first threaded section is arranged with a plurality of first arc grooves arranged along the front and back directions, the outer surface of the first threaded section is arranged with a first male thread, the outer surface of the drill rod body is arranged with a first spiral blade extending from the rear end of the drill rod body to the front end of the drill rod body, and the rear end of the drill rod body is arranged with a first female thread; The open-and-close drill punch bit comprises a drill shank, the interior of the drill shank is provided with a second pressure relief and slag discharge channel which is through front and back and has a circular cross section, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel is connected with the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the front end of the drill shank is evenly provided with a plurality of cutting edges along the circumferential direction, the rear end of the drill shank is provided with a second female thread corresponding to the first male thread, the open-and-close drill punch bit is installed on the front end of the frontmost sieve hole spiral drill rod through the thread matching of the first male thread and the second female thread, the outer surface of the drill shank is provided with a second spiral blade, and a rotating stopper is provided at the front end center of the drill shank; The flow supply and slag discharger includes a rotating tube, the interior of the rotating tube is arranged as a third pressure relief and slag discharge channel which is through front and back and has a circular cross-section, an external shell is sleeved on the rotating tube, an annular flow supply chamber is formed between the external shell and the rotating tube, the external shell is provided with a cylindrical portion extending outward along the annular flow supply chamber, the center of the cylindrical portion is arranged as a first flow supply channel which is through up and down, the first flow supply channel is connected with the annular flow supply chamber, a second threaded joint is arranged at the front end of the rotating tube, the second threaded joint includes a second threaded section and a second extension section, the outer diameter of the second threaded section is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating tube, the outer diameter of the second extension section is smaller than the outer diameter of the second threaded section, a plurality of second arc grooves arranged along the front and back directions are arranged on the outside of the second threaded section, a second male thread is arranged on the outer surface of the second threaded section, and the flow supply and slag discharger is installed on the rear end of the sieve hole spiral drill rod at the rear end through the threaded cooperation of the second male thread and the first female thread.

[0007] A spiral flow supply pipe is arranged along one side of the first spiral blade, the interior of the spiral flow supply pipe is arranged as a second flow supply channel, the front and rear ends of the spiral flow supply pipe are arranged with flow holes facing the inside of the drill rod body, a first axial flow supply channel is arranged axially between the inner wall and the outer wall at both ends of the drill rod body, a first vertical flow supply channel is arranged between the flow hole and the first axial flow supply channel and the flow hole, the first axial flow supply channel passes through the front end surface of the drill rod body and its extension line is located in the first arc-shaped groove.

[0008] The cross section of the second flow supply channel is circular, square or elliptical.

[0009] The drill rod body is provided with a plurality of first air-release and slag-inlet sieve holes connected to the first pressure-release and slag-inlet channel, and the drill handle is provided with a plurality of second air-release and slag-inlet sieve holes connected to the second pressure-release and slag-inlet channel.

[0010] A second axial flow supply channel is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall of the drill handle, a punching nozzle is provided on the cutting edge, a second vertical flow supply channel is provided between the punching nozzle and the second axial flow supply channel, the upper end of the second vertical flow supply channel is connected to the punching nozzle, and the lower end of the second vertical flow supply channel is connected to the second axial flow supply channel. A cutting blade is provided on the rotating stopper, and the rotating stopper is hinged at the right end of the rotating tube. Under the action of a large thrust, the rotating stopper will flip forward, so that the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel of the open and close drilling and punching drill bit is completely unblocked; A third axial flow supply channel is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rotating tube. The third axial flow supply channel runs through the front end surface of the rotating tube and its extension line is located in the second arc-shaped groove.

[0011] The hole protection device includes a hanging head and a screen tube. The screen tube is a detachable screen tube. Several screen tubes connected together are connected to the rear end of the hanging head. The front end of the hanging head is arranged as a conical structure. An ejection mechanism is arranged inside the hanging head. The ejection mechanism includes symmetrically arranged claws and springs. A through hole corresponding to the claws is arranged on the surface of the hanging head.

[0012] The specific process of step (2) is as follows: low-pressure water or pressure air flow is injected into the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool through the first flow supply channel of the cylindrical part, the low-pressure water or pressure air flow enters the annular flow supply cavity through the first flow supply channel, and then flows into the second flow supply channel of the sieve hole spiral drill rod through the third axial flow supply channel, and finally enters the borehole through the second axial flow supply channel of the open-and-close drill bit through the punching nozzle, so that part of the drill cuttings and gas in the borehole is discharged outward through the gap between the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool and the inner wall of the borehole, and the other part enters the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel through the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole and the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole, and then is discharged from the hole under the action of gravity.

[0013] The specific operation process of step (3) is as follows: high-pressure water is injected into the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill through the first flow supply channel of the cylindrical part; the high-pressure water enters the annular flow supply cavity through the first flow supply channel, and then flows into the second flow supply channel of the sieve hole spiral drill rod through the third axial flow supply channel; finally, the high-pressure water is ejected through the second axial flow supply channel of the open-and-close drill bit through the punching nozzle, and the ejected high-pressure water flow punches the coal hole section of the through-layer drilling hole.

[0014] The specific process of step (4) is as follows: after the punching is completed, the hole protection device is sent to the bottom of the borehole through the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel. During the sending process, it will be blocked by the rotating block in the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel, and a thrust is applied to the hole protection device. The rotating block rotates forward under the action of the thrust, and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel is opened. The hole protection device enters the borehole. After the hole protection device enters the borehole, the claw in the suspension head pops out through the through hole under the action of the spring and is stuck on the borehole wall. Finally, the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill is withdrawn from the borehole, and the hole protection device is left in the borehole for gas extraction.

[0015] The gas in the deep borehole of the present invention can enter the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel through the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole of the open and close drilling and punching drill bit and the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole of the sieve hole spiral drill rod, and is directly connected to the outside of the borehole through the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel of the slag supply device, thereby effectively solving the technical problems of spray holes caused by abnormal gas gushing in the hole and spray holes caused by blockage due to borehole collapse.

[0016] The open-and-closed drilling and punching drill bit and the screen hole spiral drill rod of the present invention both have the function of slag feeding and pressure relief, which can greatly reduce the rotational resistance of the drill rod body and the drill shank. Under the condition of a certain drilling rig torque, the drilling depth of soft coal seam drilling is greatly improved, thereby ensuring a good drilling gas extraction effect.

[0017] When drilling in an upward through-layer borehole, the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill of the present invention not only has the function of spiral slag removal by spiral blades, but also can assist slag removal through fluid and gravity, thereby greatly improving the slag removal efficiency of upward hole drilling in soft coal seams, thereby improving the drilling efficiency.

[0018] The pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool of the present invention has a large diameter structure. The diameters of the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel are consistent, and there is no diameter change, which facilitates the hole protection device to enter the borehole to perform the lower screen pipe hole protection of the coal seam section of the through-layer drilling, thereby improving the drilling service cycle and further improving the gas extraction rate.

[0019] The cutting edge of the present application is equipped with a radial punching nozzle, which can be used for slag removal during low-pressure drilling, and can be used for punching when high-pressure water is injected. The permeability of the coal seam can be effectively improved by punching the coal seam section, further improving the gas extraction effect.

[0020] To summarize, when the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool is used in the present application to perform upward drilling in the coal (rock) layer, a part of the drill cuttings outside the drill tool will be discharged outwardly through the spiral conveying action of the outer blades of the pressure relief and blowout prevention drill tool, and the other part will enter the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel of the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool through the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole and the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole. The entered drill cuttings will be discharged outwardly along the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel under the action of gravity. The rotation of the drill tool will reduce the resistance between the drill cuttings and the wall of the pressure relief and slag discharge channel, accelerate the sliding speed, and thereby improve the slag discharge efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sieve hole spiral drill rod of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the sieve hole spiral drill rod of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sieve hole spiral drill rod of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Left view of .

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Right view of .

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the threaded connection between the sieve hole spiral drill rods of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Section view of the AA plane.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spiral flow supply pipe of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Section view of the AA plane.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the open-and-closed drilling and punching drill bit of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the open-and-closed drilling and punching drill bit of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the closing of the rotary stopper of the open-and-closed drilling and punching drill bit of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the open and close type drilling and punching drill bit of the present invention with the rotary stopper opened.

[0035] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slag supply and discharge device of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slag supply and discharge device of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.17 It is a schematic structural diagram of the closed claws of the hole protection device of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.18 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hole protection device of the present invention when the claws are opened.

[0039] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arc bottom groove of the present invention.

[0040] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inverted trapezoidal groove of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rectangular groove of the present invention.

[0042] Fig. 22 yes Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the first threaded joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-21 As shown, a drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process includes the following steps: (1) Move the drilling rig to the drilling position, fix the drilling rig, and install the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool on the drilling rig; (2) Adjust the construction angle of the drilling rig, provide low-pressure water flow or pressure air flow into the drilling tool, start the drilling rig to drive the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool to drill; (3) After the drill reaches the designated position, high-pressure water flow is supplied to the drill bit to perform punching operations; (4) After punching is completed, the hole protection device is sent to the bottom of the drill hole through the drilling tool, so that the hole protection device is clamped on the wall of the drill hole to protect the hole.

[0045] The pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool comprises a plurality of mutually connected sieve hole spiral drill rods 1, an open and close drilling and punching drill bit 2 arranged at the front end of the frontmost sieve hole spiral drill rod 1, and a slag supply and discharge device 3 arranged at the rear end of the rearmost sieve hole spiral drill rod 1, the sieve hole spiral drill rod 1 comprises a drill rod body 4, the interior of the drill rod body 4 is arranged with a first pressure relief and slag discharge channel 5 which is through-through and has a circular cross section, the front end of the drill rod body 4 is arranged with a first threaded joint 6, the first threaded joint 6 comprises a first threaded section 7 and a first extension section 8, the outer diameter of the first threaded section 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod body 4, the outer diameter of the first extension section 8 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first threaded section 7, the outside of the first threaded section 7 is arranged with a plurality of first arc grooves 9 arranged in the front-to-back direction, the outer surface of the first threaded section 7 is arranged with a first male thread 10, the outer surface of the drill rod body 4 is arranged with a first spiral blade 11 extending from the rear end of the drill rod body 4 to the front end of the drill rod body 4, and the rear end of the drill rod body is arranged with a first female thread 12; The open-and-close drill punch bit 2 includes a drill shank 13, the interior of the drill shank 13 is provided with a second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14 which is through-through and has a circular cross section, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14 is communicated with the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel 5, the front end of the drill shank 13 is evenly provided with a plurality of cutting edges 15 along the circumferential direction, the rear end of the drill shank 13 is provided with a second female thread 16 corresponding to the first male thread 10, the open-and-close drill punch bit 2 is installed on the front end of the frontmost sieve hole spiral drill rod 1 through the threaded cooperation of the first male thread 10 and the second female thread 16, the outer surface of the drill shank 13 is provided with a second spiral blade 17, and the front end center of the drill shank 13 is provided with a rotating stopper 18; The slag discharger 3 includes a rotating tube 19, the interior of the rotating tube 19 is provided with a third pressure relief slag discharge channel 20 which is through front and back and has a circular cross section, an outer shell 21 is sleeved on the rotating tube 19, an annular flow supply cavity 22 is formed between the outer shell 21 and the rotating tube 19, the outer shell 21 is provided with a cylindrical portion 23 extending outward along the annular flow supply cavity 22, the center of the cylindrical portion 23 is provided with a first flow supply channel 24 which is through from top to bottom, the first flow supply channel 24 is connected to the annular flow supply cavity 22, and a second threaded connection is provided at the front end of the rotating tube 19. The second threaded joint 25 includes a second threaded section 26 and a second extension section 27. The outer diameter of the second threaded section 26 is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating tube 19. The outer diameter of the second extension section 27 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second threaded section 26. The outer surface of the second threaded section 26 is provided with a plurality of second arc grooves 28 arranged in the front-to-back direction. The outer surface of the second threaded section 26 is provided with a second male thread 29. The supply slag discharger 3 is installed at the rear end of the rearmost sieve hole auger rod 1 through the threaded cooperation of the second male thread 29 and the first female thread 12. An annular transition chamber 44 is provided between the sieve hole auger rods 1 through the threaded connection, so that the fluid in the supply channel passes through the annular transition chamber 44 and enters the supply channel of the next sieve hole auger rod 1 from the rear end sieve hole auger rod 1, and then is supplied to the open-close drilling and punching drill bit 2.

[0046] A spiral flow supply pipe 30 is provided along one side of the first spiral blade 11, and the interior of the spiral flow supply pipe 30 is provided with a second flow supply channel 31. The front and rear ends of the spiral flow supply pipe 30 are provided with flow holes 32 facing the inside of the drill rod body 4. A first axial flow supply channel 33 is axially provided between the inner wall and the outer wall at both ends of the drill rod body 4. A first vertical flow supply channel 34 is provided between the flow hole 32 and the first axial flow supply channel 33 and the flow hole 32. The first axial flow supply channel 33 passes through the front end surface of the drill rod body 4 and its extension line is located in the first arc-shaped groove 9. The front and rear ports of the spiral flow supply pipe 30 are closed, so that the second flow supply channel 31 is connected only to the first vertical flow supply channel 34 and the first axial flow supply channel 33 through the flow hole 32.

[0047] The cross section of the second flow supply channel 31 is circular, square or elliptical.

[0048] The drill rod body 4 is provided with a plurality of first degassing and slag feeding sieve holes 35 connected to the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel 5, and the drill handle 13 is provided with a plurality of second degassing and slag feeding sieve holes 36 connected to the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14. In order to improve the slag feeding effect of the first degassing and slag feeding sieve holes 35 and the second degassing and slag feeding sieve holes 36 and avoid them being blocked by drilling slag, the first degassing and slag feeding sieve holes 35 and the second degassing and slag feeding sieve holes 36 can be set to an inverted cone structure with a small mouth and a large inside.

[0049] A second axial flow channel 38 is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall of the drill handle 13, a punching nozzle 37 is provided on the cutting edge 15, a second vertical flow channel 39 is provided between the punching nozzle 37 and the second axial flow channel 38, the upper end of the second vertical flow channel 39 is connected to the punching nozzle 37, and the lower end of the second vertical flow channel 39 is connected to the second axial flow channel 38, a cutting blade is provided on the rotating stopper 18, and the rotating stopper 18 is hinged at the right end of the rotating tube 19. Under the action of a large thrust, the rotating stopper 18 will flip forward, so that the second pressure relief and slag removal channel 14 of the open and close drilling and punching drill bit 2 is completely unblocked; A third axial fluid supply channel 40 is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rotating tube 19 . The third axial fluid supply channel 40 penetrates the front end surface of the rotating tube 19 and its extension line is located in the second arc-shaped groove 28 .

[0050] The hole protection device includes a hanging head 41 and a screen tube 42. The screen tube 42 is a detachable screen tube 42. A plurality of screen holes 46 are arranged on the screen tube 42. A plurality of screen tubes 42 connected together are connected to the rear end of the hanging head 41. The front end of the hanging head 41 is arranged as a conical structure. An ejection mechanism is arranged inside the hanging head 41. The ejection mechanism includes symmetrically arranged claws 43 and a spring. A through hole 45 corresponding to the claws 43 is arranged on the surface of the hanging head 41.

[0051] The specific process of step (2) is as follows: low-pressure water or pressure air flow is injected into the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool through the first flow supply channel 24 of the cylindrical portion 23, the low-pressure water or pressure air flow enters the annular flow supply chamber 22 through the first flow supply channel 24, and then flows into the second flow supply channel 31 of the sieve hole spiral drill rod 1 through the third axial flow supply channel 40, and finally enters the borehole through the second axial flow supply channel 38 of the open-close drilling and punching drill bit 2 through the punching nozzle 37, so that part of the drill cuttings and gas in the borehole is discharged outward through the gap between the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool and the inner wall of the borehole, and the other part enters the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel 5 and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14 through the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole 35 and the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole 36, and then is discharged from the hole under the action of fluid and gravity.

[0052] The specific operation process of step (3) is as follows: high-pressure water is injected into the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill through the first flow supply channel 24 of the cylindrical portion 23; the high-pressure water enters the annular flow supply chamber 22 through the first flow supply channel 24; and then flows into the second flow supply channel 31 of the sieve hole spiral drill rod 1 through the third axial flow supply channel 40; and finally, the high-pressure water is ejected through the second axial flow supply channel 38 of the open-and-close drilling and punching drill bit 2 through the punching nozzle 37; and the ejected high-pressure water flow punches the coal hole section of the through-layer drilling hole.

[0053] The specific process of step (4) is as follows: after punching is completed, the hole protection device is sent to the bottom of the borehole through the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel 20, the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel 5 and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14. During the sending process, it will be blocked by the rotating block 18 in the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14, and a thrust is applied to the hole protection device. The rotating block 18 rotates forward under the action of the thrust, and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel 14 is opened. The hole protection device enters the borehole. After the hole protection device enters the borehole, the claw 43 in the suspension head 41 is ejected through the through hole under the action of the spring and is stuck on the borehole wall. Finally, the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill is withdrawn from the borehole, and the hole protection device is left in the borehole for gas extraction.

[0054] The gas in the deep of the borehole of the present invention can enter the second pressure relief slag discharge channel 14 and the first pressure relief slag discharge channel 5 through the second air relief slag inlet sieve hole of the open-close drill bit 2 and the first air relief slag inlet sieve hole of the sieve hole spiral drill rod 1, and directly connect to the outside of the borehole through the third pressure relief slag discharge channel 20 of the slag discharger 3, effectively solving the technical problems of the spray hole caused by abnormal gas outflow in the hole and the spray hole caused by the collapse and blockage of the borehole. The open-close drill bit 2 and the sieve hole spiral drill rod 1 of the present invention both have the function of slag inlet and pressure relief, which can greatly reduce the rotational resistance of the drill rod body and the drill handle 13. Under the condition of a certain torque of the drilling rig, the drilling depth of the soft coal seam drilling hole is greatly improved, thereby ensuring a good drilling gas extraction effect. When drilling in the upward through-layer drilling hole, in addition to the function of spiral blade spiral slag discharge, the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool of the present invention can also assist slag discharge through fluid and gravity, greatly improving the slag discharge efficiency of soft coal seam upward hole drilling, thereby improving the drilling efficiency. The pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool of the present invention is a large-diameter structure. The diameters of the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel, and the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel are consistent, and there is no diameter change, which is convenient for the hole protection device to enter the borehole to perform the lower screen pipe hole protection of the coal seam section of the through-layer drilling, thereby improving the drilling service cycle and further improving the gas extraction rate. A radial punching nozzle 37 is installed on the cutting edge 15 of the present application, which can be used for slag discharge during low-pressure drilling, and can be punched when high-pressure water is injected. The permeability of the coal seam can be effectively improved by punching the coal seam section, further improving the gas extraction effect. When the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill is used in the present application to perform upward drilling in the coal (rock) layer, a part of the drill cuttings outside the drill tool will be discharged outwardly through the spiral conveying action of the outer blades of the pressure relief and blowout prevention drill tool, and the other part will enter the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel of the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool through the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole and the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole. The entered drill cuttings will be discharged outwardly along the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel under the action of fluid and gravity. The rotation of the drill tool will reduce the resistance between the drill cuttings and the wall of the pressure relief and slag discharge channel, thereby accelerating the sliding speed.

[0055] It should be noted that the first arc-shaped groove 9 provided outside the first threaded section 7 (male thread) of the sieve hole auger rod 1 of the present invention may also be Figure 19-21 The arc bottom groove, inverted trapezoidal groove or rectangular groove shape shown in the figure can be selected and appropriately optimized according to the construction conditions for the strength of the sieve auger rod 1 and the flow rate requirements in actual application.

[0056] Embodiment 2 The differences from the first embodiment are as follows: Fig. 22 As shown, in the use scenario where deep hole drilling is required, the screen hole spiral drill rod 1 should have higher strength. Therefore, in order to improve the strength of the first threaded section 7 (male thread) at the front end of the drill rod body 4, the first axial flow supply channel 33 is directly set in the wall thickness of the first threaded section 7 instead of setting the arc groove on the surface of the first threaded section 7, while appropriately reducing the diameter of the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel 5 and increasing the wall thickness of the first threaded section 7. In this way, the first threaded section 7 is a complete threaded structure, and the threaded connection structure strength of the drill rod is improved.

[0057] In addition, the inner hole of the drill rod body 4 of the sieve hole auger drill rod 1 can also be an unequal diameter structure, that is, the wall thickness at the first threaded joint 6 and the first female thread 12 is increased inwardly, and correspondingly, the inner hole diameter at the first threaded joint 6 and the first female thread 12 becomes smaller, which can also improve the strength of the sieve hole auger drill rod 1.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Move the drilling rig to the drilling position, fix the drilling rig, and install the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool on the drilling rig; (2) Adjust the construction angle of the drilling rig, provide low-pressure water flow or pressure air flow into the drilling tool, start the drilling rig to drive the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool to drill; (3) After the drill reaches the designated position, high-pressure water flow is supplied to the drill bit to perform punching operations; (4) After punching is completed, the hole protection device is sent to the bottom of the drill hole through the drilling tool, so that the hole protection device is clamped on the wall of the drill hole to protect the hole.

2. According to claim 1, a drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process is characterized by: The pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drilling tool comprises a plurality of mutually connected sieve hole spiral drill rods, an open and close drilling and punching drill bit arranged at the front end of the frontmost sieve hole spiral drill rod, and a slag supply and discharge device arranged at the rear end of the rearmost sieve hole spiral drill rod, the sieve hole spiral drill rod comprises a drill rod body, the interior of the drill rod body is arranged with a first pressure relief and slag discharge channel which is through front and back and has a circular cross section, the front end of the drill rod body is arranged with a first threaded joint, the first threaded joint comprises a first threaded section and a first extension section, the outer diameter of the first threaded section is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod body, the outer diameter of the first extension section is smaller than the outer diameter of the first threaded section, the outside of the first threaded section is arranged with a plurality of first arc grooves arranged along the front and back directions, the outer surface of the first threaded section is arranged with a first male thread, the outer surface of the drill rod body is arranged with a first spiral blade extending from the rear end of the drill rod body to the front end of the drill rod body, and the rear end of the drill rod body is arranged with a first female thread; The open-and-close drill punch bit comprises a drill shank, the interior of the drill shank is provided with a second pressure relief and slag discharge channel which is through front and back and has a circular cross section, the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel is connected with the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the front end of the drill shank is evenly provided with a plurality of cutting edges along the circumferential direction, the rear end of the drill shank is provided with a second female thread corresponding to the first male thread, the open-and-close drill punch bit is installed on the front end of the frontmost sieve hole spiral drill rod through the thread matching of the first male thread and the second female thread, the outer surface of the drill shank is provided with a second spiral blade, and a rotating stopper is provided at the front end center of the drill shank; The flow supply and slag discharger includes a rotating tube, the interior of the rotating tube is arranged as a third pressure relief and slag discharge channel which is through front and back and has a circular cross-section, an external shell is sleeved on the rotating tube, an annular flow supply chamber is formed between the external shell and the rotating tube, the external shell is provided with a cylindrical portion extending outward along the annular flow supply chamber, the center of the cylindrical portion is arranged as a first flow supply channel which is through up and down, the first flow supply channel is connected with the annular flow supply chamber, a second threaded joint is arranged at the front end of the rotating tube, the second threaded joint includes a second threaded section and a second extension section, the outer diameter of the second threaded section is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating tube, the outer diameter of the second extension section is smaller than the outer diameter of the second threaded section, a plurality of second arc grooves arranged along the front and back directions are arranged on the outside of the second threaded section, a second male thread is arranged on the outer surface of the second threaded section, and the flow supply and slag discharger is installed on the rear end of the sieve hole spiral drill rod at the rear end through the threaded cooperation of the second male thread and the first female thread.

3. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 2 is characterized by: A spiral flow supply pipe is arranged along one side of the first spiral blade, the interior of the spiral flow supply pipe is arranged as a second flow supply channel, the front and rear ends of the spiral flow supply pipe are arranged with flow holes facing the inside of the drill rod body, a first axial flow supply channel is arranged axially between the inner wall and the outer wall at both ends of the drill rod body, a first vertical flow supply channel is arranged between the flow hole and the first axial flow supply channel and the flow hole, the first axial flow supply channel passes through the front end surface of the drill rod body and its extension line is located in the first arc-shaped groove.

4. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 3 is characterized by: The cross section of the second flow supply channel is circular, square or elliptical.

5. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 4 is characterized by: The drill rod body is provided with a plurality of first air-release and slag-inlet sieve holes connected to the first pressure-release and slag-inlet channel, and the drill handle is provided with a plurality of second air-release and slag-inlet sieve holes connected to the second pressure-release and slag-inlet channel.

6. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 5 is characterized by: A second axial flow supply channel is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall of the drill handle, a punching nozzle is provided on the cutting edge, a second vertical flow supply channel is provided between the punching nozzle and the second axial flow supply channel, the upper end of the second vertical flow supply channel is connected to the punching nozzle, and the lower end of the second vertical flow supply channel is connected to the second axial flow supply channel. A cutting blade is provided on the rotating stopper, and the rotating stopper is hinged at the right end of the rotating tube. Under the action of a large thrust, the rotating stopper will flip forward, so that the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel of the open and close drilling and punching drill bit is completely unblocked; A third axial flow supply channel is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rotating tube. The third axial flow supply channel runs through the front end surface of the rotating tube and its extension line is located in the second arc-shaped groove.

7. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 6 is characterized by: The hole protection device includes a hanging head and a screen tube. The screen tube is a detachable screen tube. Several screen tubes connected together are connected to the rear end of the hanging head. The front end of the hanging head is arranged as a conical structure. An ejection mechanism is arranged inside the hanging head. The ejection mechanism includes symmetrically arranged claws and springs. A through hole corresponding to the claws is arranged on the surface of the hanging head.

8. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 7 is characterized by: The specific process of step (2) is as follows: low-pressure water or pressure air flow is injected into the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool through the first flow supply channel of the cylindrical part, the low-pressure water or pressure air flow enters the annular flow supply cavity through the first flow supply channel, and then flows into the second flow supply channel of the sieve hole spiral drill rod through the third axial flow supply channel, and finally enters the borehole through the second axial flow supply channel of the open-and-close drill bit through the punching nozzle, so that part of the drill cuttings and gas in the borehole is discharged outward through the gap between the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill tool and the inner wall of the borehole, and the other part enters the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel through the first air relief and slag inlet sieve hole and the second air relief and slag inlet sieve hole, and then is discharged from the hole under the action of gravity.

9. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 8 is characterized by: The specific operation process of step (3) is as follows: high-pressure water is injected into the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill through the first flow supply channel of the cylindrical part; the high-pressure water enters the annular flow supply cavity through the first flow supply channel, and then flows into the second flow supply channel of the sieve hole spiral drill rod through the third axial flow supply channel; finally, the high-pressure water is ejected through the second axial flow supply channel of the open-and-close drill bit through the punching nozzle, and the ejected high-pressure water flow punches the coal hole section of the through-layer drilling hole.

10. The drilling, punching and protecting integrated pressure relief and blowout prevention hole construction process according to claim 9 is characterized by: The specific process of step (4) is as follows: after the punching is completed, the hole protection device is sent to the bottom of the borehole through the third pressure relief and slag discharge channel, the first pressure relief and slag discharge channel and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel. During the sending process, it will be blocked by the rotating block in the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel, and a thrust is applied to the hole protection device. The rotating block rotates forward under the action of the thrust, and the second pressure relief and slag discharge channel is opened. The hole protection device enters the borehole. After the hole protection device enters the borehole, the claw in the suspension head pops out through the through hole under the action of the spring and is stuck on the borehole wall. Finally, the pressure relief and blowout prevention spiral drill is withdrawn from the borehole, and the hole protection device is left in the borehole for gas extraction.

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