Telescopic lacrimal sac incision knife under nasal endoscope

Abstract

The retractable nasal endoscopic lacrimal sac incision knife comprises a knife handle, a retractable mechanism is arranged in the knife handle and comprises a knife head sliding switch in the middle of the knife handle, a spring plunger is arranged at the end, penetrating through a push rod, of the knife head sliding switch, and the spring plunger is located in a limiting hole to limit the push rod; one end of the push rod is connected with a rhombic cutter head through a cutter head sheath tube, and the rhombic cutter head comprises a cutter handle on the upper portion, a rhombic cutter tip at the bottom and sharp cutting edges with the cutter tip gradually widened towards the two sides. According to the lacrimal sac incision knife, the knife head sliding switch is a thumb sliding type push button, the length of the lacrimal sac incision knife can be controlled under an endoscope through the telescopic design that the knife head sliding switch drives the push rod and the rhombic knife head to move, and the situation that the surgical field is affected due to nasal cavity mucosa bleeding is damaged is avoided; anti-slip lines are designed on the knife handle, so that the knife handle is suitable for single-hand fine operation; the rhombic tool bit is formed by precisely grinding medical 316L stainless steel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a telescopic nasal endoscopic lacrimal cystotomy knife. Background Art

[0002] Chronic dacryocystitis is a common ophthalmic disease, characterized by persistent tearing and purulent discharge, which seriously affects the patient's quality of life. Although traditional external dacryocystorhinostomy is effective, it has disadvantages such as facial scarring and potential damage to the tear pump function. With the development of endoscopic technology and advancements in equipment, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) is now widely used as a minimally invasive surgical treatment for chronic dacryocystitis. With the assistance of an endoscope, the lacrimal sac is incised through the nasal route and anastomosed to the nasal mucosa to establish a new tear drainage channel. Endoscopic surgery can be performed under high-definition magnification, making the surgical operation more precise and simple, with advantages such as less trauma and faster recovery, and is gradually becoming more and more popular with patients. The production of the lacrimal flap is particularly important in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, but there are the following technical defects: the surgical space in the nasal cavity is narrow and difficult to operate. Currently, a right-angle dissector is commonly used to cut the lacrimal sac. If the angle is not appropriate, the ideal lacrimal flap cannot be produced. In severe cases, it may cause lacrimal sac perforation, damage the nasal mucosa, bleed, affect the surgical field of view, and lead to surgical failure.

[0003] Therefore, how to design a retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy knife has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a retractable nasal endoscopic lacrimal cystotomy knife to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a retractable nasal endoscopic lacrimal cystotomy knife, including a knife handle, a retractable mechanism is arranged in the knife handle, the retractable mechanism includes a knife head sliding switch in the middle of the knife handle, and a spring plunger is arranged at one end of the knife head sliding switch after passing through the push rod. The spring plunger is located in the limiting hole to limit the push rod; one end of the push rod is connected to the diamond-shaped knife head through the knife head sheath, and the diamond-shaped knife head includes an upper knife handle, a diamond-shaped knife tip at the bottom, and a sharp cutting edge that gradually widens towards both sides of the knife tip.

[0006] The blade sliding switch adopted in the present invention is a thumb sliding push button. The retractable design of the push rod and the diamond-shaped blade movement driven by the blade sliding switch can control the length of the lacrimal cystotomy knife under endoscopy to avoid damaging the nasal mucosa and bleeding and affecting the surgical field of view; the handle is designed with anti-slip grooves, which is suitable for one-handed fine operation; the diamond-shaped blade is precisely ground and formed from medical 316L stainless steel. The diamond-shaped blade is designed with a diamond-shaped, sharp blade tip (for initial puncture and precise cutting) and two gradually widening sharp cutting edges, which can accurately puncture, and the sharp blade tip facilitates precise positioning and piercing of the lacrimal sac wall; it can cut efficiently, and the diamond edge provides a continuous sharp cutting line, which is convenient for cutting all the lesions at one time under control. The incision can cut the lacrimal sac wall of the required length (usually a vertical or horizontal incision for forming a lacrimal sac flap); it is highly controllable, and the diamond-shaped geometric characteristics make the contact area between the blade and the tissue change relatively smoothly during the cutting process, making it easy to control the cutting depth and direction; it can reduce side slippage, and compared with single-point or linear blades, the diamond structure is more stable in the tissue, reducing the risk of lateral slippage, and can be flexibly controlled when cutting the lacrimal sac to remove the lacrimal sac mucosal flap with an ideal shape; the handle can be made of medical polymer materials (such as ABS, PC, or any one of metals); the diamond-shaped blade and internal transmission components must be made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant, and biocompatible medical stainless steel (such as 304, 316L) or special alloys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the diamond-shaped cutter head of the present invention in the extended state and the retracted state on the handle.

[0008] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0009] Figure 3 for Figure 2 BB cross-section diagram.

[0010] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the diamond cutter head structure of the present invention.

[0011] In the figure: 1. tool handle; 2. tool head sliding switch; 3. tool head sheath; 4. diamond-shaped tool head; 201. waist-shaped block; 202. screw; 401. diamond-shaped handle; 402. second screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] See Figure 1-4The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read. They are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0014] Example 1: A retractable nasal endoscopic lacrimal cystotomy knife, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 , including a handle 1, wherein a telescopic mechanism is provided in the handle 1, and the telescopic mechanism includes a blade sliding switch 2 in the middle of the handle 1, and a spring plunger is provided at one end of the blade sliding switch 2 after passing through the push rod, and the spring plunger is located in the limit hole to limit the push rod; one end of the push rod is connected to the diamond blade 4 through the blade sheath 3, and the diamond blade 4 includes an upper handle 401, a diamond-shaped blade tip at the bottom, and sharp cutting edges that gradually widen towards both sides of the blade tip. The blade sliding switch adopted by the present invention is a thumb-sliding push button. The telescopic design that drives the push rod and the diamond blade to move through the blade sliding switch can control the length of the lacrimal cystotomy knife under endoscopy to avoid damaging the nasal mucosa and bleeding and affecting the surgical field of view; the handle is designed with anti-slip textures, which is suitable for fine single-handed operation; the diamond blade is made of medical 316L stainless steel and is precisely ground and formed. The diamond blade is designed with a diamond-shaped, sharp blade tip (for initial puncture and precise cutting) and two gradually widening sharp cutting edges. The blade can puncture accurately, cut efficiently, has high controllability, and reduces side slippage. Compared with single-point or linear blades, the diamond structure is more stable in the tissue, reducing the risk of side slippage. It can be flexibly controlled when cutting the lacrimal sac and remove the lacrimal sac mucosal flap with an ideal shape; the handle can be made of medical polymer materials (such as ABS, PC, or any one of metals); the diamond blade and internal transmission components must be made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant, and biocompatible medical stainless steel (such as 304, 316L) or special alloys.

[0015] Example 2: Based on Example 1, a waist-shaped hole is provided in the middle of one end surface of the handle 1, and a limiting hole is provided in the middle of the other end surface of the handle 1, arranged axially along the handle 1. The limiting hole includes several intersecting first through holes, and the center distance between any adjacent first through holes is 1 mm. The present invention adopts the method of providing several intersecting first through holes in the middle of the other end surface of the handle to form the limiting holes, and the limiting holes are arranged axially along the handle. The length of the blade extending out of the sheath can be continuously adjusted from 0 mm (blade fully retracted) to 4 mm (blade fully extended) by the blade sliding switch. The center distance between any adjacent first through holes is 1 mm, that is, it can be adjusted 1 mm at a time, which can control the length of the blade. The blade length can be adjusted under direct endoscopic visualization to avoid damage to the nasal mucosa.

[0016] Example 3: Based on Example 2, the angle between the waist-shaped hole and the limiting hole is 180°. The present invention adopts a waist-shaped hole set in the middle of one end surface of the knife handle, and the angle between the waist-shaped hole and the limiting hole is 180°, so that the spring plunger can be located in the limiting hole to limit the push rod.

[0017] Example 4: Based on Example 2, refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The push rod has a first screw hole in its middle. The blade head sliding switch 2 is a screw structure with a waist-shaped block 201 at its head. The screw rod 202 of the screw structure screws into the first screw hole. The present invention utilizes the screw rod of the blade head sliding switch screwed into the first screw hole of the push rod, enabling the push rod to move telescopically via the blade head sliding switch.

[0018] Example 5: Based on Example 4, the end of the screw rod 202 away from the waist-shaped block 201 is provided with a truncated cone, the center of which is provided with an internally threaded blind hole. A spring plunger is installed in the internally threaded blind hole, and the ball of the spring plunger can be exposed through the limit hole. The present invention uses a commercially available M3 spring plunger made of 304 stainless steel. The spring plunger is installed in the internally threaded blind hole of the screw rod, and the ball can be exposed through the limit hole to limit the push rod.

[0019] Example 6: Based on Example 4, friction patterns are provided on the end surface of the waist-shaped block 201 away from the screw 202. The friction patterns are ridges, which are spaced apart along the length of the waist-shaped block 201. The present invention uses ridges as friction patterns on the waist-shaped block to facilitate the thumb-driven sliding movement of the blade.

[0020] Example 7: Based on Example 1, the end of the blade sheath tube 3 away from the push rod is a trapezoidal blind hole, a second through hole is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the blade sheath tube 3, and the upper portion of the diamond-shaped blade 4 is a diamond-shaped handle 401, which is located in the trapezoidal blind hole. The present invention adopts a diamond handle provided on the upper portion of the diamond-shaped blade, and the diamond handle cooperates with the trapezoidal blind hole of the blade sheath tube, facilitating the installation of the diamond-shaped blade on the blade sheath tube.

[0021] Example 8: Based on Example 7, the upper portion of the diamond-shaped handle 401 is a trapezoidal block. The small end of the trapezoidal block is provided with a second screw hole 402. A set screw is provided in the second through hole. The set screw screws screw into the second screw hole 402 to limit the position of the diamond-shaped cutter head 4. The present invention adopts a set screw provided in the second through hole. The set screw screws screw into the second screw hole on the diamond-shaped handle to limit the position of the diamond-shaped cutter head and fix the diamond-shaped cutter head to the front end of the push rod.

[0022] Example 9: Based on Example 8, the width of the diamond-shaped blade head 4 is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the length of the diamond diagonal of the diamond-shaped blade head 4 is 3-4 mm. The present invention adopts a diamond-shaped, sharp tip (for initial puncture and precise cutting) and two gradually widening sharp cutting edges. The width of the diamond-shaped blade head 4 is 1.5~2.5mm, and the diamond diagonal length of the diamond-shaped blade head 4 is 3~4mm. It can accurately puncture, and the sharp blade tip facilitates precise positioning and piercing of the lacrimal sac wall; it can cut efficiently, and the diamond edge provides a continuous sharp cutting line, which is convenient for cutting the lacrimal sac wall of the required length at one time under control (usually a vertical or horizontal incision for forming a lacrimal sac flap); it is highly controllable, and the geometric characteristics of the diamond shape make the contact area between the blade head and the tissue change relatively smoothly during the cutting process, making it easy to control the cutting depth and direction; it can reduce side slippage. Compared with single-point or linear blade heads, the diamond structure is more stable in the tissue, reducing the risk of lateral slippage. It can be flexibly controlled when cutting the lacrimal sac and remove the lacrimal sac mucosal flap with an ideal shape.

[0023] During specific implementation, when the operator presses the spring plunger ball to expose the limiting hole and slides the blade sliding switch 2 backward, the push rod drives the diamond blade head 4 to retract into the blade sheath 3, and the spring plunger ball slides into the next adjacent first through hole, realizing a step-by-step adjustment of 1 mm each time; when the spring plunger ball to expose the limiting hole is pressed and the blade sliding switch 2 is slid forward, the diamond blade head 4 extends from the front end opening of the blade sheath 3, and the spring plunger ball slides into the next adjacent first through hole, realizing a step-by-step adjustment of 1 mm each time; a scale can be provided next to the waist-shaped hole of the handle 1 to realize length indication.

[0024] The use process of the present invention:

[0025] 1) Before the operation, according to the estimated needs, press the spring plunger ball to expose the limit hole with your index finger, and slide the blade slide switch 2 with your thumb to preset an initial extension length (for example, 1-2 mm);

[0026] 2) Under the guidance of a nasal endoscope, the instrument is passed through the nostril into the nasal cavity to reach the exposed inner wall of the lacrimal sac;

[0027] 3) Align the tip of the diamond-shaped blade 4 with the starting point of the pre-incision line of the lacrimal sac wall;

[0028] 4) Use your index finger to press the spring plunger ball to expose the limit hole, and use your thumb to push the blade sliding switch 2, and use the tip of the diamond-shaped blade 4 to pierce the lacrimal sac wall;

[0029] 5) Maintaining appropriate pressure, move the knife handle 1 along the predetermined cutting direction (usually vertically), and use the sharp edge of the diamond-shaped blade 4 to cut the lacrimal sac wall. During this process, the preset limited extension length ensures that the knife tip will not penetrate too deeply and damage the nasal mucosa;

[0030] 6) If the tissue is thick or a longer incision is required, you can press the spring plunger ball that exposes the limit hole with your index finger at any time, and slide the blade slide switch 2 forward with your thumb to increase the extension length (for example, to 3mm), but always ensure that the depth is controllable;

[0031] 7) After the incision is completed, press the spring plunger ball to expose the limit hole with the index finger, and push the blade sliding switch 2 with the thumb to retract the diamond blade 4 into the blade sheath 3, and then move the instrument out of the nasal cavity or to a safe position; during the whole process, iatrogenic needle stick injuries are avoided, damage to the nasal mucosa is avoided, bleeding is minimal, the surgical field remains clear, and the operation efficiency and safety are significantly improved.

[0032] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable nasal endoscopic lacrimal cystotomy knife, comprising a knife handle (1), characterized in that: The knife handle (1) is provided with a telescopic mechanism, which includes a blade head sliding switch (2) in the middle of the knife handle (1), and a spring plunger is provided at one end of the blade head sliding switch (2) after passing through the push rod, and the spring plunger is located in the limiting hole to limit the push rod; one end of the push rod is connected to the diamond-shaped blade head (4) through the blade head sheath (3), and the diamond-shaped blade head (4) includes a diamond-shaped handle (401) at the top, a diamond-shaped blade tip at the bottom, and sharp cutting edges that gradually widen toward both sides of the blade tip.

2. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waist-shaped hole is provided in the middle of one end surface of the knife handle (1), and a limiting hole is provided in the middle of the other end surface of the knife handle (1) and is arranged along the axial direction of the knife handle (1). The limiting hole includes a plurality of intersecting first through holes, and the center distance between any adjacent first through holes is 1 mm.

3. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between the waist-shaped hole and the limiting hole is 180°.

4. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first screw hole is provided in the middle of the push rod; the blade sliding switch (2) is a screw structure, the head of the screw structure is a waist-shaped block (201), and the screw rod (202) of the screw structure is screwed into the first screw hole.

5. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A truncated cone is provided at one end of the screw rod (202) away from the waist-shaped block (201), an internal thread blind hole is provided at the center of the truncated cone, a spring plunger is provided in the internal thread blind hole, and a ball of the spring plunger can be exposed from the limiting hole.

6. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end surface of the waist-shaped block (201) away from the screw (202) is provided with friction patterns, the friction patterns being ridges, and the ridges are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the waist-shaped block (201).

7. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the blade sheath (3) away from the push rod is a trapezoidal blind hole, a second through hole is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the blade sheath (3), and the upper part of the diamond blade (4) is a diamond handle (401), which is located in the trapezoidal blind hole.

8. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper portion of the diamond handle (401) is a trapezoidal block, the small end of the trapezoidal block is provided with a second screw hole, a set screw is provided in the second through hole, and the set screw is screwed into the second screw hole to limit the diamond cutter head (4).

9. The retractable nasal endoscopic dacryocystotomy device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The width of the diamond-shaped blade head (4) is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the length of the diamond diagonal of the diamond-shaped blade head (4) is 3-4 mm.

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