Single-core self-healing type looped network networking method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower engineering, and discloses a single-core self-healing type looped network networking method and system, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a whole network into a plurality of sub looped networks; each sub-ring network operates independently; the light switch in each sub-ring network adopts an A / B end connection mode; reversely connecting the B end of the last measuring point to the A end of the initial measuring station by using an optical fiber to form a closed physical structure; configuring a protocol on the switch, and controlling a data flow path through the protocol; different sub-ring networks are connected through RJ45 ports, and a CAT5E shielded twisted pair or an Ethernet interface is used; when a certain node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism; the master station optical transceiver monitors the states of all nodes in real time and displays fault points through a network management interface. The system comprises a sub-ring network module, a control data flow module and a fault point display module. The problems that a traditional networking method of hydropower engineering is poor in reliability, and self-healing cannot be achieved after an intermediate node is disconnected are successfully solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydropower engineering, and in particular to a single-core self-healing ring network networking method. Background Art

[0002] In the hydropower sector, efficient and reliable networking is crucial for the smooth operation of the entire project. Hydropower projects are often located in remote mountainous areas with complex geographical environments, which poses significant networking challenges. As hydropower projects continue to expand in scale, the number and variety of equipment is increasing. From large hydro-turbine generators and various electrical equipment to automated monitoring instruments and meters, all require interconnection for centralized control and management. However, inconsistent interface standards and non-standard communication protocols across different manufacturers' equipment make device networking and integration challenging.

[0003] The RS485 bus is a commonly used networking method. It uses differential transmission, which offers strong anti-interference capabilities. In hydropower projects, it can be used to connect closely spaced monitoring equipment, such as multi-point displacement meters and piezometers within some dams. The RS485 bus allows multiple devices to connect to the same bus for data transmission, simplifying wiring and reducing costs. However, RS485 has a limited transmission distance, typically in the range of kilometers, and its transmission rate is inversely proportional to the transmission distance. This performance is affected when hydropower projects are large and monitoring points are widely distributed.

[0004] Fiber optic networking is also widely used in hydropower projects. Optical fiber offers significant advantages, including wide transmission bandwidth, high speed, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference. For long-distance, high-volume data transmission needs in hydropower projects, such as transmitting data from a dam monitoring point to a control center several kilometers away, optical fiber ensures fast and stable data transmission. Furthermore, in environments with strong electromagnetic interference, such as those near large electrical equipment, optical fiber effectively prevents signal errors or loss caused by interference. However, its disadvantages are high installation costs and relatively high technical requirements for fiber optic installation and maintenance, requiring specialized construction teams and equipment.

[0005] Furthermore, hydropower project operations place extremely high demands on the real-time and accurate transmission of data. Dam safety monitoring data must be uploaded to the control center in real time to ensure timely monitoring of the dam's operating status and enable appropriate decision-making. Network communication delays or data loss pose a serious threat to project safety and operational efficiency. The inability to self-heal after a line disconnection significantly increases the risk of data transmission interruption. If the monitoring data transmission line is interrupted, the control center loses access to real-time monitoring data and is unable to promptly detect potential safety hazards at the dam, posing a significant threat to the safe operation of the project.

[0006] Prior art 1, a Chinese patent, patent number: 202410523023.4, discloses a charging IoT control module, a charging pile, and a system. The charging IoT control module includes a first control module, a second control module, and a data exchange unit. The first control module is used to control the charging function; the second control module is used to control the billing function. The second control module includes a ring network communication unit, which has two target communication interfaces. The two target communication interfaces are used to form a ring network with at least one external device. The ring network refers to the charging IoT control module and at least one external device forming a ring communication link. The first control module and the second control module implement information exchange through the data exchange unit. Although this is beneficial for simplifying the system structure while improving communication security and reliability, there is a problem of poor reliability of the networking method.

[0007] Prior art two, a Chinese patent, patent number: 202411863034.3 discloses a ring network dynamic bandwidth reservation system and method, belonging to the field of communication technology; including a sending end, sending a reservation message to a receiving end, and the receiving end transmitting a feedback message to the sending end after receiving the reservation message; the sending end is provided with a path factor, which is used to collect and filter out the demand feedback signal and the split port mask based on the feedback message; a flow reservation module, connected to the path factor, outputs the corresponding flow characteristics under the action of the demand feedback signal; a frame replication and elimination module, connected to the flow reservation module and the path factor, performs flow replication and flow forwarding based on the flow characteristics and the split port mask. Although, by adding the path factor, the flow reservation protocol can work normally to the maximum extent in the frame replication and elimination network, avoiding state oscillation and realizing traffic forwarding; however, there is a problem that the intermediate node cannot self-heal after being disconnected.

[0008] Prior art three, Chinese patent, patent number: 202411790834.7 provides a master-station hybrid private protocol networking method and compatible ring network equipment, the method comprising: connecting the compatible ring network equipment to the private ring network to be networked as a slave station, and configuring the compatible ring network equipment with a protocol processing template constructed according to different redundant ring protocols; receiving the private ring network message through the compatible ring network equipment, identifying the redundant ring protocol type of the message according to the protocol processing template; according to the identified redundant ring protocol type, using the protocol processing template to encapsulate the message into a ring protocol message in the private ring network; transparently transmitting the encapsulated ring protocol message to the private ring network to realize the networking of the compatible ring network equipment in the private ring network. Although by providing a compatible ring network equipment compatible with multiple private redundant ring protocols and connecting the compatible ring network equipment to the private ring network to be networked as a slave station to be compatible with different redundant ring protocols, and realizing networking in different private ring networks, there are problems such as poor reliability of the networking method and inability to self-heal after the intermediate node is disconnected.

[0009] At present, the existing technologies 1, 2 and 3 have the problem that the traditional networking methods of hydropower projects are poor in reliability and cannot self-heal after the intermediate nodes are disconnected. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a single-core self-healing ring network networking method and system. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-core self-healing ring network networking method and system to solve the problems of poor reliability of traditional hydropower engineering networking methods in the prior art and the inability to self-heal after the intermediate nodes are disconnected.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A single-core self-healing ring network networking method, the single-core self-healing ring network networking method comprising the following steps: The overall network is divided into multiple sub-rings; each sub-ring operates independently. By controlling the number of sites within a single ring and dividing the areas, time synchronization and fault isolation are optimized. The optical switches within each sub-ring use an A / B end connection method. At the B end of the last measurement point, use an optical fiber to connect back to the A end of the starting measurement station to form a closed physical structure. Configure protocols such as ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP on the switch to control the data flow path through the protocol. Different sub-ring networks are connected via RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time and displays the fault point through the network management interface.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of dividing the entire network into multiple sub-ring networks includes the following steps: Determine the number of sub-rings based on network scale and device distribution requirements; preset the number of control points and coverage area for each sub-ring; form a closed ring network through protocols, and plan control VLANs, service VLANs, and congestion points; Each sub-ring is independent and connected through the A / B ports of the fiber optic switch to form a closed physical structure. ERPS protocol parameters are configured on the switch in each sub-ring. The network IDs of all switches in the same sub-ring are uniformly set, and different sub-rings are set with different network IDs. Each sub-ring is assigned an independent control VLAN, and a blocking point is dynamically selected through the protocol. Sub-rings connect to the main ring through intersecting nodes, forming a hierarchical ring network structure. When a link failure occurs in a sub-ring, the ERPS protocol immediately triggers a switching mechanism.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of controlling the data flow path through the protocol includes the following steps: At the B end of the last measurement point, use an optical fiber to connect back to the A end of the starting measurement station to form a closed physical structure. Configure ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP on the switch and start the ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP protocol. An independent control VLAN is allocated for the ERPS protocol to transmit protocol messages, isolating them from data. A logical blocking link is established in the closed ring network, and the logical blocking link node actively blocks the current link. Use RSTP or MSTP to configure the root bridge, port priority, and path cost. A root bridge is elected to determine the primary path. Non-root bridge ports are switched to forwarding or de-flight mode based on their priority and cost, forming a loop-free topology. Fault detection and path switching are also performed.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of actively blocking the current link by the logically blocked link node includes the following steps: In the ERPS protocol, an independent control VLAN is allocated. A node in a closed ring network is selected as the ring protection link, and the port is set to the ring protection link role. The port actively blocks the current link, becoming a logical blocking point in the ring network. Set instance parameter configuration in the ERPS protocol, define protocol message priorities, set the wait time after link recovery, the protection time for repeated protocol message triggering, and the delay switchover time; Submit instance parameter configurations, proactively initiate R-APS messages in a blocked state, notify other nodes of the current link logical blockage, and form a loop-free topology; check the ring network status, confirm the status of the designated ports, and control the normal transmission of VLAN protocol messages.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of performing fault detection and path switching includes the following steps: The protocol monitors link connectivity by periodically sending detection messages. If a node detects a link failure, it blocks the faulty port on the neighboring node and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network. After receiving the message, all nodes refresh their MAC tables. The logically blocked link node contacts the RPL port and activates the backup path. After detecting a link failure, the protocol recalculates the spanning tree topology, blocks the failed path, and activates the backup port. ERPS timers are configured. Immediately trigger RPL switching in the event of a fault and optimize the detection mechanism; verify whether the data path is described according to the path configured by the protocol, and check the status of each port, protocol message statistics and fault log to monitor the path control effect in real time.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the protocol recalculates the process of spanning tree topology, including the following steps: When a node detects a link failure, it immediately blocks the faulty port and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network, notifying all nodes of the link status change. After receiving the message, all nodes refresh their MAC tables and clear the entries related to the faulty path. If the original root bridge fails due to a fault, each node re-elects a new root bridge by exchanging BPDUs. The new root bridge is elected based on a combination of bridge priority and MAC address, with the device with the smallest bridge ID selected as the new root bridge. If the original root bridge is functioning properly, path recalculation begins. Recalculate the root port and designated ports, determine the blocked fault path, and activate the backup port; configure ERPS protocol parameters, and perform updates and convergence.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of determining to block the fault path and activating the backup port includes the following steps: Each non-root bridge device selects the port with the lowest path cost to the root bridge as the root port based on the received BPDU. On each physical link, the port of the bridge that sent the optimal BPDU is selected as the designated port to forward data. The neighboring nodes of the failed link set the failed port to a blocked state, prohibiting data forwarding. The backup port that was originally blocked logically is no longer blocked and switches to a forwarding state, enabling the backup path. Other non-root bridge devices adjust their port roles based on the new BPDU information. Non-root ports or non-designated ports enter the blocked state. Configure the ERPS timer to control the fault recovery delay and state switching interval, and quickly synchronize the port state to shorten the convergence time.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of automatically triggering the switching mechanism by the protocol includes the following steps: When a node or link between sub-rings fails, the continuity detection mechanism detects the link termination in real time. Once a faulty node is detected, an R-APS protocol message is immediately sent through the control VLAN to broadcast the signal failure status information to all nodes in the ring. After receiving the fault notification, the nodes on the primary ring unblock the previously blocked ring protection link ports and enter the forwarding state, forming a new loop-free physical path to bypass the fault point. All nodes synchronously update the MAC forwarding table through the flushing message and clear the cache entries of the original path. Relearn the forwarding path based on the new topology; continue to send R-APS packets to maintain the protection state until the fault is recovered. The system decides whether to automatically switch back or maintain the current path based on the configuration.

[0019] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions: A single-core self-healing ring network networking system is applied to the single-core self-healing ring network networking method. The central computer room switch of the single-core self-healing ring network networking system is connected to the central computer room firewall, strong earthquake server, backup server and Web publishing and data acquisition and storage server; the central computer room firewall is connected to the camp office network; the Web publishing and data acquisition and storage server transmits data to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room, the computer room on the second floor of the central control room transmits data to the observation room of plant 4, the observation room of plant 4 transmits data to the observation room of plant 1, and the plant Observation room 1 transmits data to observation room EL1439 of dam section 16, which transmits data to observation room EL1418 of dam section 13, which transmits data to observation room EL1418 of dam section 10, which transmits data to observation room EL1418 of dam section 10, which transmits data to observation room EL1418 of dam section 8, which transmits data to observation room EL1418 of dam section 8, which transmits data to observation room EL1427 of dam section 4, which transmits data to observation room EL1391 of dam section 8. The EL1391 observation room of the 8th dam section transmits data to the EL1382 observation room of the 10th dam section; the EL1382 observation room of the 10th dam section returns to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room in turn; the EL1439 observation room of the 16th dam section and the 1480 observation room of the 16th dam section are connected to the fiber optic switch using a network cable, and are also connected to the EL1453 observation room of the 13th dam section using a network cable; the EL1453 observation room of the 13th dam section is connected to the EL1453 observation room of the 10th dam section for data transmission; the EL1453 observation room of the 10th dam section is connected to the EL1459 observation room of the 8th dam section for data transmission; the EL1459 observation room of the 8th dam section It is connected to the EL1459 observation room of dam section 4 for data transmission; the EL1459 observation room of dam section 4 is connected to the WL1453 observation room of dam section 2 for data transmission, and the data from the WL1453 observation room of dam section 2 is returned to the optical fiber switch in sequence and output to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room; the 1480 observation room of dam section 16 is connected to the grouting hole on the right bank of the dam top; the grouting hole on the right bank of the dam top is connected to the observation room on the left bank of the dam top, the observation room on the left bank of the dam top is connected to the accumulation body in front of the dam on the left bank, the accumulation body in front of the dam on the left bank is connected to the grouting hole on the left bank of the dam top, and the grouting hole on the left bank of the dam top is connected to the diversion hole; the diversion hole outputs the data to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the single-core self-healing ring network system further includes: The sub-ring module is used to divide the overall network into multiple sub-rings. Each sub-ring operates independently, optimizing time synchronization and fault isolation by controlling the number of sites and dividing the areas within a single ring. The optical switches within each sub-ring use an A / B connection method. The data flow control module is used to connect the B-end of the last measurement point back to the A-end of the starting measurement station using an optical fiber, forming a closed physical structure. ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP protocols are configured on the switch to control the data flow path through the protocols. The fault point display module is used to connect different sub-ring networks through RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time and displays the fault point through the network management interface.

[0021] The present invention uses a converged ring network fiber optic switch to integrate multiple ring network technologies such as ERPS ring network technology, STP protocol, RSTP protocol, MSTP technology, etc., which can prevent the occurrence of ring network broadcast storms. When a node in the ring network link fails, other routes can be automatically selected to communicate with the center to ensure the communication of fault-free network nodes and realize self-healing of the ring network. According to the actual situation of the project, the project network will be divided into multiple sub-ring networks. In each ring network, the fiber optic switch adopts an A / B end connection method, using a single optical fiber to connect the A end of the previous station switch to the B end of the next station switch, and then connect the starting measurement station in series to the ending measurement station, and then use an optical fiber to connect the B end of the ending switch to the A end of the starting switch to form a single-core self-healing ring network. Different sub-ring networks are connected via RJ45. This networking method will greatly reduce the risk of network failure and enhance network robustness. Utilizing fiber optic switch equipment that supports ERPS ring network technology, STP protocol, RSTP technology, and MSTP technology, broadcast storms caused by ring network data loops can be resolved. At the same time, when a link is disconnected, communication between nodes on the ring network can be quickly restored, thereby achieving single-core fiber self-healing networking. This successfully addresses the poor reliability of traditional hydropower project networking methods and the inability to self-heal after intermediate nodes are disconnected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of a method for establishing a single-core self-healing ring network according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of the steps of dividing the entire network into multiple sub-ring networks in one embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network construction method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the steps of controlling the data flow path through a protocol in one embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network construction method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart showing the steps of actively blocking the current link by a logically blocked link node in one embodiment of the single-core self-healing ring network networking method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the steps of fault detection and path switching in one embodiment of the single-core self-healing ring network construction method of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of the steps of recalculating the spanning tree topology in a protocol of an embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network construction method of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic flow chart of the steps of determining a blocked fault path and activating a backup port in one embodiment of a method for establishing a single-core self-healing ring network according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the steps of automatically triggering a switching mechanism through a protocol in one embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network construction method of the present invention; Figure 9 A network diagram of an embodiment of the single-core self-healing ring network networking method and system of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network system of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a storage medium of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The terms "first," "second," and "third" in this disclosure are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this disclosure are intended only to illustrate the relative positional relationships and movement of components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements and may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0025] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network networking method. In this embodiment, the single-core self-healing ring network networking method specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Divide the entire network into multiple sub-rings; each sub-ring operates independently, optimizing time synchronization and fault isolation by controlling the number of sites and dividing the areas within a single ring; the optical switches within each sub-ring adopt an A / B end connection method; Step S2: Use an optical fiber to connect the B-end of the last measurement point back to the A-end of the starting measurement station to form a closed physical structure. Configure protocols such as ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP on the switch to control the data flow path through the protocol. Step S3: Different sub-ring networks are connected via RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time and displays the fault point through the network management interface.

[0027] Preferably, this embodiment uses a converged ring network fiber optic switch to integrate multiple ring network technologies such as ERPS ring network technology, STP protocol, RSTP protocol, MSTP technology, etc., which can prevent the occurrence of ring network broadcast storms. When a node in the ring network link fails, other routes can be automatically selected to communicate with the center to ensure the communication of fault-free network nodes and realize self-healing of the ring network. According to the actual situation of the project, the project network will be divided into multiple sub-ring networks. In each ring network, the fiber optic switch adopts an A / B end connection method, using a single optical fiber to connect the A end of the previous station switch to the B end of the next station switch, and then connect from the starting test station to the ending test station in series, and then use an optical fiber from the B end of the ending switch to the A end of the starting switch to form a single-core self-healing ring network. Different sub-ring networks are connected via RJ45. This networking method will greatly reduce the risk of network failure and enhance network robustness. Utilizing fiber optic switch equipment that supports ERPS ring network technology, STP protocol, RSTP technology, and MSTP technology, broadcast storms caused by ring network data loops can be resolved. At the same time, when a link is disconnected, communication between nodes on the ring network can be quickly restored, thereby achieving single-core fiber self-healing networking. This successfully addresses the poor reliability of traditional hydropower project networking methods and the inability to self-heal after intermediate nodes are disconnected.

[0028] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the process of dividing the entire network into multiple sub-ring networks in step S11 specifically includes the following steps: Step S11: Determine the number of sub-rings based on network scale and device distribution requirements; preset the number of control points and coverage area for each sub-ring; form a closed ring network through protocols, and plan control VLANs, service VLANs, and congestion points; Step S12: Each sub-ring is independently connected to form a closed physical structure through the A / B ports of the fiber optic switch; ERPS protocol parameters are configured on the switch of each sub-ring; the network identifiers of all switches in the same sub-ring are uniformly set, and different network identifiers are set for different sub-rings; Step S13: Each sub-ring is assigned an independent control VLAN, and a blocking point is dynamically selected through the protocol; the sub-rings are connected to the main ring through intersecting nodes to form a hierarchical ring network structure; when a link failure occurs in a sub-ring, the ERPS protocol immediately triggers a switching mechanism.

[0029] Preferably, this embodiment determines the number of sub-rings based on network scale and device distribution requirements, and presets the number of control points and coverage area for each sub-ring. This design allows for flexible network topology planning to meet the needs of different scenarios. A closed ring network is formed through the protocol, with control VLANs, service VLANs, and congestion points planned. The control VLAN is used to transmit ERPS protocol packets, while the service VLAN is used to transmit user data. Each sub-ring is independent and connected through the A / B ports of the fiber optic switch to form a closed physical structure. This design ensures the independence of each sub-ring while connecting to the main ring through intersecting nodes to form a hierarchical ring network structure, thereby improving network flexibility and scalability. ERPS protocol parameters, including the RPL owner (Ring Protection Node) and RAPS (Ring Protection Protocol) port configuration, are configured on the switch in each sub-ring. Each sub-ring is assigned an independent control VLAN, and congestion points are dynamically selected through the protocol. This design improves network flexibility, enabling rapid response and communication restoration in the event of a link failure. When a link failure occurs on a sub-ring, the ERPS protocol immediately triggers a switching mechanism, blocking both ports on the failed link while simultaneously releasing the RPL owner port to restore user traffic, thereby ensuring network continuity and reliability. Through its rapid protection switching mechanism, the ERPS protocol can complete fault recovery within 50 milliseconds, significantly improving network reliability and avoiding communication interruptions caused by link failures. The separation of control VLANs and service VLANs ensures that the ERPS protocol only processes control messages and is immune to data VLAN attacks, thereby enhancing network security. Through a hierarchical ring network structure, data traffic from different sub-rings can be transmitted along different paths, achieving load balancing and traffic distribution, improving network utilization and scalability. The ERPS protocol supports rapid convergence and can quickly switch to a backup path in the event of a link failure, ensuring high network availability and stability.

[0030] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the process of controlling the data flow path through the protocol in step S2 specifically includes the following steps: Step S21: Use an optical fiber to connect the B end of the last measurement point back to the A end of the starting measurement station to form a closed physical structure; configure ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP on the switch and start the ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP protocol; Step S22: Allocate an independent control VLAN for the ERPS protocol to transmit protocol messages and isolate them from data; formulate a logical blocking link in the closed ring network, and the logical blocking link node actively blocks the current link; Step S23: Use RSTP or MSTP to configure the root bridge, port priority, and path cost; determine the primary path by electing the root bridge, and select the forwarding or Duze state of non-root bridge ports based on priority and cost to form a loop-free topology, and perform fault detection and path switching.

[0031] Preferably, this embodiment forms a closed physical ring network structure by using optical fiber to connect the B-end of the last measurement point back to the A-end of the starting measurement station. A spanning tree protocol (such as ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP) is configured on the switch and the relevant protocol is enabled. An independent control VLAN is assigned to the ERPS protocol for transmitting protocol messages, isolating it from the data VLAN, thereby improving the protocol's security and stability. A logical blocking link is established in the closed ring network, and the logical blocking link node actively blocks the current link to prevent loops. RSTP or MSTP is used to configure the root bridge, port priority, and path cost, select a primary path, and determine the status (forwarding or blocking) of non-root bridge ports based on priority and cost, thereby forming a loop-free topology. By configuring spanning tree protocols (such as STP, RSTP, or MSTP), loops are eliminated in the network, preventing data packets from circulating endlessly and improving network stability and reliability. RSTP, an optimized version of STP, shortens the time it takes for ports to enter the forwarding state and accelerates convergence after network topology changes, thereby improving network responsiveness. By configuring different spanning tree instances (such as MSTP), different VLANs can be assigned to different spanning tree instances, achieving traffic balancing and establishing redundant links. If the primary path fails, the network automatically switches to the backup path, ensuring service continuity and high availability.

[0032] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the process of the logically blocked link node actively blocking the current link in step S22 specifically includes the following steps: Step S221: Allocate an independent control VLAN in the ERPS protocol, select a node in the closed ring network as a ring protection link, and set the port to the ring protection link role; the port actively blocks the current link and becomes a logical blocking point in the ring network; Step S222: Set instance parameter configuration in the ERPS protocol, define protocol message priority, set the waiting time after link recovery and the protection time for repeated triggering of protocol messages, and delay the switching time; Step S223: Submit the instance parameter configuration, actively initiate the R-APS message in the blocked state, notify other nodes that the current link is logically blocked, and form a loop-free topology; check the ring network status, confirm the designated port status, and control the normal transmission of VLAN protocol messages.

[0033] Preferably, the ERPS protocol in this embodiment transmits protocol messages by configuring an independent control VLAN to avoid interference with service data flows, thereby improving the security and reliability of the protocol. A node is selected in a closed ring network as the RPL Owner port of the Ring Protection Link (RPL) and is set to a blocked state, forming a logical blocking point to prevent the formation of loops. Parameters such as defining protocol message priority, setting a waiting time after link recovery (such as a WTR timer), a protection time for repeated triggering of protocol messages, and a delayed switching time are used to optimize network behavior during fault recovery. R-APS messages are proactively sent to notify other nodes that the current link is in a logically blocked state, thereby forming a loop-free topology. After configuration is complete, the ring network status is checked to confirm the status of the designated port and ensure that protocol messages within the VLAN can be transmitted normally. By blocking RPL link ports, the ERPS protocol effectively avoids loops, preventing broadcast storms and MAC address table instability, and ensuring network communication reliability. When a link failure occurs, the ERPS protocol quickly detects and isolates the faulty link, notifying other nodes through R-APS messages to initiate link switching, achieving rapid link recovery within 50 milliseconds and meeting carrier-grade reliability requirements. By configuring multiple ERPS instances, different instances can carry data traffic from different VLANs, achieving load balancing and traffic optimization. By blocking redundant links and implementing a fast switching mechanism, the ERPS protocol improves network stability and reliability and reduces communication interruptions caused by link failures. The ERPS protocol provides standardized configuration processes and tool support, enabling network administrators to more efficiently deploy and manage ring network protection functions.

[0034] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the process of performing fault detection and path switching in step S23 specifically includes the following steps: Step S231: The protocol monitors link connectivity by periodically sending detection messages. If a node detects a link failure, it blocks the faulty port of the neighboring node and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network. After receiving the message, all nodes refresh their MAC tables. Step S232: The logically blocked link node contacts the RPL port and activates the backup path; after detecting the link failure, the protocol recalculates the spanning tree topology, blocks the failed path and activates the backup port; and configures the ERPS timer; Step S233: Immediately trigger RPL switching when a fault occurs and optimize the detection mechanism; verify whether the data path is described according to the path configured by the protocol, and check the status of each port, protocol message statistics and fault log to monitor the path control effect in real time.

[0035] Preferably, the protocol in this embodiment monitors link connectivity by periodically sending detection messages. When a node detects a link failure, it immediately blocks the faulty port and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network to notify other nodes of the failure. The ERPS protocol prevents loops by blocking the RPL port, ensuring that only one link in the network is used for data transmission. When a link fails, the protocol unblocks it and activates a backup path. The faulty node notifies neighboring nodes via an R-APS(SF) message, triggering the RPL owner to unblock the port. Simultaneously, all nodes refresh their MAC address tables and ARP / ND tables to ensure rapid recovery of data flows. ERPS supports multi-level protection modes, enabling load balancing across the physical ring and improving network reliability through flexible topology management. The ERPS protocol can complete link failure detection and switchover within milliseconds, avoiding problems such as data broadcast storms and MAC table instability caused by loops, thereby ensuring efficient and stable communications. By blocking and unblocking, ERPS implements network redundancy. Even in the event of single or multiple point failures, it can quickly switch to the backup path to ensure uninterrupted service. The ERPS protocol supports load balancing, allowing multiple Ethernet rings to run on the same physical ring, with different rings sending traffic from different VLANs, thereby improving network resource utilization. The ERPS protocol is easy to configure and is suitable for scenarios with high convergence speed requirements, such as industrial sites, mining operations, and operators. It also offers good scalability and compatibility.

[0036] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the process of recalculating the spanning tree topology in step S232 specifically includes the following steps: Step S2321: When a node detects a link failure, it immediately blocks the faulty port and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network, notifying all nodes in the network of the link status change. After receiving the message, all nodes refresh their MAC tables and clear entries related to the faulty path. Step S2322: If the original root bridge fails due to a fault, each node re-elects a new root bridge by exchanging BPDUs. The new root bridge is elected based on a combination of bridge priority and MAC address, and the device with the smallest bridge ID is selected as the new root bridge. If the original root bridge is normal, path recalculation begins. Step S2323: Recalculate the root port and designated port, determine the blocked fault path and activate the backup port; configure ERPS protocol parameters, and perform update and convergence.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, when a node detects a link failure, it will immediately block the faulty port and notify all nodes in the network of the change in link status by broadcasting an R-APS message. After receiving the R-APS message, all nodes will refresh the MAC address table and clear the table entries related to the faulty path. If the original root bridge fails due to a fault, each node will re-elect a new root bridge by exchanging BPDUs. The election process is based on a combination of bridge priority and MAC address, and the device with the smallest bridge ID is selected as the new root bridge. The root port and designated port are recalculated to determine the blocked faulty path and activate the backup port. At the same time, the ERPS protocol parameters are configured, updated, and converged to restore normal network operation. By blocking faulty links and broadcasting fault information, the network can isolate faults in a very short time, preventing them from spreading. The loop protection link mechanism ensures rapid service traffic switching. By re-electing the root bridge and updating port status, the network can dynamically adjust the topology to ensure the continuity and reliability of data flows. The ERPS protocol, through its multi-ring protection mechanism and rapid failover, enhances network redundancy and security, reducing the impact of single points of failure on the entire network. By activating backup ports and updating the MAC table, the network can more efficiently utilize resources, avoiding resource waste caused by failures.

[0038] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the process of determining to block the fault path and activate the backup port in step S2323 specifically includes the following steps: Step S23231: Each non-root bridge device selects the port with the lowest path cost to the root bridge as the root port based on the received BPDU. On each physical link, the port of the bridge that sent the optimal BPDU is selected as the designated port to forward data. Step S23232: The neighboring nodes of the faulty link set the faulty port to a blocked state, prohibiting data forwarding. The backup port that was originally logically blocked is unblocked and switched to a forwarding state, enabling the backup path. Other non-root bridge devices adjust their port roles based on the new BPDU information. Step S23233: The non-root port or non-designated port enters the blocked state; the ERPS timer is configured to control the fault recovery delay and state switching interval, and the port state is quickly synchronized to shorten the convergence time.

[0039] Preferably, this embodiment uses path cost information transmitted in BPDUs to enable each network node to autonomously construct a shortest path tree centered around the root bridge. A root port and designated port election mechanism ensures a loop-free forwarding topology across the network. Root port selection is based on the principle of minimizing path cost, while designated port selection relies on a BPDU priority comparison algorithm. This process enables the network to automatically maintain the optimal data transmission path under normal conditions. A physical link failure triggers a port state machine transition on an adjacent node: the failed port immediately enters the blocking state to isolate the fault, while the previously blocked port switches to the forwarding state according to a pre-set backup path policy. This transition process strictly adheres to port role adjustment rules to ensure that the newly activated path still meets loop-free requirements. The ERPS timer mechanism controls the timing of state transitions to prevent erroneous transitions caused by temporary link fluctuations. Nodes across the network perform topology recalculation in parallel based on updated BPDU information. Non-root bridge devices autonomously determine port role transitions by comparing the received BPDU priority with local port information. This distributed decision-making mechanism, combined with the timing control of the ERPS timer, enables rapid propagation of topology change events and state synchronization, reducing convergence time to milliseconds.

[0040] In summary, this embodiment establishes a fault handling system with triple guarantees: The initial optimal path is established through dynamic election of root ports / designated ports; a fast failover mechanism is implemented that blocks the failed port and links it with a backup port; and network-wide topology synchronization is achieved through BPDU flooding updates and ERPS timers. Ultimately, the network achieves 50ms-level high availability in single-point failure scenarios, and the post-failure topology maintains the shortest path and loop-free forwarding properties. The self-healing capabilities fostered by this process enable the network to transparently handle physical layer failures, providing continuous and stable data transmission services for upper-layer services.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, the process of the protocol automatically triggering the switching mechanism in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: Step S31: When a node or link between sub-rings fails, the continuity detection mechanism detects the link termination in real time; upon detecting the failed node or link, an R-APS protocol message is immediately sent through the control VLAN to broadcast the signal failure status information to all nodes in the ring network; Step S32: After receiving the fault notification, the nodes on the primary ring unblock the previously blocked ring protection link ports and enter the forwarding state, forming a new loop-free physical path to bypass the fault point. All nodes synchronously update the MAC forwarding table through the flushing message and clear the cache entries of the original path. Step S33: relearn the forwarding path based on the new topology; continue to send R-APS messages to maintain the protection state until the fault is recovered and decide whether to automatically switch back or maintain the current path according to the configuration.

[0042] Preferably, in this embodiment, each non-root bridge device determines its root port and designated port by receiving BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units). The root port is the port with the lowest path cost to the root bridge, while the designated port is the port with the lowest path cost within each network segment and is used for data forwarding. When a link fails, the neighboring node blocks the failed port, preventing data forwarding. Simultaneously, the logically blocked backup port is enabled and switched to the forwarding state, enabling the backup path. ERPS (Ethernet Ring Protection Protocol) controls the failure recovery delay and state transition interval by configuring equal timers, rapidly synchronizing port states and shortening convergence time. BPDUs are used to elect the root port and designated port, forming a loop-free tree topology and ensuring network stability. Furthermore, enabling the backup path allows for rapid communication restoration even if the primary link fails, improving network reliability and load balancing capabilities. The ERPS timer configuration enables rapid network convergence in the event of a link failure, minimizing service interruption. Using BPDUs to destroy redundant paths and bridge redundant links avoids broadcast storms and MAC address table instability, thereby improving overall network performance and stability.

[0043] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment also provides an embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network system. In this embodiment, the single-core self-healing ring network system includes: The central computer room switch 1 is connected to the central computer room firewall 2, the strong earthquake server 4, the backup server 5, and the Web publishing and data acquisition and storage server 6; the central computer room firewall 2 is connected to the camp office network 3; the Web publishing and data acquisition and storage server 6 transmits data to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room, the computer room on the second floor of the central control room transmits data to the observation room of plant 4, the observation room of plant 4 transmits data to the observation room of plant 1, the observation room of plant 1 transmits data to the EL1439 observation room of dam section 16, the EL1439 observation room of dam section 16 transmits data to the EL1418 observation room of dam section 13, the EL1418 observation room of dam section 13 transmits data to the EL1418 observation room of dam section 10, the EL1418 observation room of dam section 10 transmits data to the EL1418 observation room of dam section 8, the EL1418 observation room of dam section 8 transmits data to the EL1427 observation room of dam section 4, the EL1427 observation room of dam section 4 transmits data to the EL1391 observation room of dam section 8, The EL1391 observation room of the 8th dam section transmits data to the EL1382 observation room of the 10th dam section; the EL1382 observation room of the 10th dam section returns to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room in turn; the EL1439 observation room of the 16th dam section and the 1480 observation room of the 16th dam section are connected to the fiber optic switch using a network cable, and are also connected to the EL1453 observation room of the 13th dam section using a network cable; the EL1453 observation room of the 13th dam section is connected to the EL1453 observation room of the 10th dam section for data transmission; the EL1453 observation room of the 10th dam section is connected to the EL1459 observation room of the 8th dam section for data transmission; the EL1459 observation room of the 8th dam section It is connected to the EL1459 observation room of dam section 4 for data transmission; the EL1459 observation room of dam section 4 is connected to the WL1453 observation room of dam section 2 for data transmission, and the data from the WL1453 observation room of dam section 2 is returned to the optical fiber switch in sequence and output to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room; the 1480 observation room of dam section 16 is connected to the grouting hole on the right bank of the dam top; the grouting hole on the right bank of the dam top is connected to the observation room on the left bank of the dam top, the observation room on the left bank of the dam top is connected to the accumulation body in front of the dam on the left bank, the accumulation body in front of the dam on the left bank is connected to the grouting hole on the left bank of the dam top, and the grouting hole on the left bank of the dam top is connected to the diversion hole; the diversion hole outputs the data to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room.

[0044] The converged ring network fiber optic switches integrate multiple ring network technologies, including ERPS, STP, RSTP, and MSTP, to prevent broadcast storms. If a node in the ring link fails, another route is automatically selected to communicate with the central hub, ensuring communication with all remaining nodes and enabling self-healing. The project network will be divided into multiple sub-rings based on project specifics. Within each ring, fiber optic switches will utilize an A / B connection scheme, connecting a single fiber from the A-side switch at the previous station to the B-side switch at the next station. This connection is then connected in series from the starting station to the ending station, with a single fiber connecting the B-side switch at the ending station to the A-side switch at the starting station, forming a single-core, self-healing ring network. RJ45 cables connect the sub-rings. This networking approach significantly reduces the risk of network failures and enhances network robustness.

[0045] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment also provides an embodiment of a single-core self-healing ring network networking system. In this embodiment, the single-core self-healing ring network networking system is applied to the single-core self-healing ring network networking method in the above embodiment. The single-core self-healing ring network networking system includes: Sub-ring module 7 is used to divide the overall network into multiple sub-rings. Each sub-ring operates independently, optimizing time synchronization and fault isolation by controlling the number of sites and dividing the areas within a single ring. The optical switches within each sub-ring use an A / B end connection method. The data flow control module 8 is used to connect the B end of the last measurement point back to the A end of the starting measurement station using an optical fiber to form a closed physical structure; configure ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP protocols on the switch to control the data flow path through the protocols; The fault point display module 9 is used to connect different sub-ring networks through RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time and displays the fault point through the network management interface.

[0046] Preferably, this embodiment divides the overall network into multiple sub-rings, each operating independently. By controlling the number of sites and their respective zones within a single ring, time synchronization and fault isolation are optimized. This improves network flexibility and reliability. For example, if a sub-ring fails, other sub-rings can continue to operate normally, without impacting the overall network stability. By controlling the number of sites within a sub-ring, network load can be effectively managed, avoiding performance bottlenecks caused by an excessive number of nodes. At the B-end of the last measurement point, optical fiber is used to connect back to the A-end of the starting measurement point, forming a closed physical structure. Simultaneously, ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP protocols are configured on the switches to control data flow paths through the protocols. This achieves high network reliability and rapid recovery capabilities. By controlling data flow paths through the protocols, network traffic distribution can be optimized, broadcast storms and data loops can be avoided, and efficient network operation can be ensured. Different sub-rings are connected via RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a failover mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time, and the fault point is displayed on the network management interface. This enables rapid fault location and real-time monitoring. For example, the protocol-triggered failover mechanism and real-time monitoring function enable immediate fault resolution upon occurrence, minimizing the impact on services. The fault location is displayed on the network management interface, improving network operation and maintenance efficiency, enabling operators to quickly identify the fault location and perform repairs. The optical fiber switch utilizes an A / B-port connection scheme for flexible connectivity within the sub-ring network. This enhances network flexibility, allowing flexible device access within the sub-ring network to adapt to diverse scenarios. This A / B-port connection reduces physical connection complexity while ensuring efficient and reliable data transmission. Configuring protocols such as ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP on the switch allows for protocol-controlled data flow routing, enhancing network redundancy and reliability. For example, ERPS enables rapid failover to a backup path in the event of a link failure, minimizing downtime and improving network availability. Protocol-controlled data flow routing optimizes network traffic distribution, avoids broadcast storms and data loops, and ensures efficient network operation. At the B-port of the final measurement point, optical fiber is reversely connected to the A-port of the starting measurement station, forming a closed physical structure. It ensures the integrity of the network and avoids network interruption caused by link disconnection; through the closed structure, efficient data transmission can be achieved, while facilitating network maintenance and management.

[0047] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of an electronic device. In this embodiment, the electronic device 10 includes a processor 101 and a memory 102 coupled to the processor 101.

[0048] The memory 102 stores program instructions for implementing the layout method of the single-core self-healing ring network networking method of any of the above embodiments.

[0049] The processor 101 is configured to execute program instructions stored in the memory 102 to perform the layout of a single-core self-healing ring network configuration method.

[0050] Processor 101 may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Processor 101 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. Processor 101 may also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0051] Further, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a storage medium in an embodiment of the present application. The storage medium 11 in the embodiment of the present application stores program instructions 111 that can implement all of the above methods, wherein the program instructions 111 can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or terminal devices such as a computer, server, mobile phone, and tablet.

[0052] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0053] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. The above is only an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] The above detailed description of the specific embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative only, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-core self-healing ring network networking method, characterized in that: The single-core self-healing ring network networking method comprises the following steps: The overall network is divided into multiple sub-rings; each sub-ring operates independently. By controlling the number of sites within a single ring and dividing the areas, time synchronization and fault isolation are optimized. The optical switches within each sub-ring use an A / B end connection method. At the B end of the last measurement point, use an optical fiber to connect back to the A end of the starting measurement station to form a closed physical structure. Configure the protocol on the switch to control the data flow path through the protocol. Different sub-ring networks are connected via RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time and displays the fault point through the network management interface.

2. The single-core self-healing ring network networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of dividing the overall network into multiple sub-rings includes the following steps: Determine the number of sub-rings based on network scale and device distribution requirements; preset the number of control points and coverage area for each sub-ring; form a closed ring network through protocols, and plan control VLANs, service VLANs, and congestion points; Each sub-ring is independent and connected through the A / B ports of the fiber optic switch to form a closed physical structure. ERPS protocol parameters are configured on the switch in each sub-ring. The network IDs of all switches in the same sub-ring are uniformly set, and different sub-rings are set with different network IDs. Each sub-ring is assigned an independent control VLAN, and a blocking point is dynamically selected through the protocol. Sub-rings connect to the main ring through intersecting nodes, forming a hierarchical ring network structure. When a link failure occurs in a sub-ring, the ERPS protocol immediately triggers a switching mechanism.

3. The single-core self-healing ring network networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of controlling the data flow path through the protocol includes the following steps: At the B end of the last measurement point, use an optical fiber to connect back to the A end of the starting measurement station to form a closed physical structure. Configure ERPS, RSTP, or MSTP on the switch and start the protocol. An independent control VLAN is allocated for the ERPS protocol to transmit protocol messages, isolating them from data. A logical blocking link is established in the closed ring network, and the logical blocking link node actively blocks the current link. Use RSTP or MSTP to configure the root bridge, port priority, and path cost. A root bridge is elected to determine the primary path. Non-root bridge ports are switched to forwarding or de-flight mode based on their priority and cost, forming a loop-free topology. Fault detection and path switching are also performed.

4. The single-core self-healing ring network networking method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of a logically blocked link node actively blocking the current link includes the following steps: In the ERPS protocol, an independent control VLAN is allocated. A node in a closed ring network is selected as the ring protection link, and the port is set to the ring protection link role. The port actively blocks the current link, becoming a logical blocking point in the ring network. Set instance parameter configuration in the ERPS protocol, define protocol message priorities, set the wait time after link recovery, the protection time for repeated protocol message triggering, and the delay switchover time; Submit instance parameter configurations, proactively initiate R-APS messages in a blocked state, notify other nodes of the current link logical blockage, and form a loop-free topology; check the ring network status, confirm the status of the designated ports, and control the normal transmission of VLAN protocol messages.

5. The single-core self-healing ring network construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of fault detection and path switching includes the following steps: The protocol monitors link connectivity by periodically sending detection messages. If a node detects a link failure, it blocks the faulty port on the neighboring node and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network. After receiving the message, all nodes refresh their MAC tables. The logically blocked link node contacts the RPL port and activates the backup path. After detecting a link failure, the protocol recalculates the spanning tree topology, blocks the failed path, and activates the backup port. ERPS timers are configured. Immediately trigger RPL switching in the event of a fault and optimize the detection mechanism; verify whether the data path is described according to the path configured by the protocol, and check the status of each port, protocol message statistics and fault log to monitor the path control effect in real time.

6. The single-core self-healing ring network construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protocol recalculates the spanning tree topology in the following steps: When a node detects a link failure, it immediately blocks the faulty port and broadcasts an R-APS message to the ring network, notifying all nodes of the link status change. After receiving the message, all nodes refresh their MAC tables and clear the entries related to the faulty path. If the original root bridge fails due to a fault, each node re-elects a new root bridge by exchanging BPDUs. The new root bridge is elected based on a combination of bridge priority and MAC address, with the device with the smallest bridge ID selected as the new root bridge. If the original root bridge is functioning properly, path recalculation begins. Recalculate the root port and designated ports, determine the blocked fault path, and activate the backup port; configure ERPS protocol parameters, and perform updates and convergence.

7. The single-core self-healing ring network construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of determining the blocked fault path and activating the backup port includes the following steps: Each non-root bridge device selects the port with the lowest path cost to the root bridge as the root port based on the received BPDU. On each physical link, the port of the bridge that sent the optimal BPDU is selected as the designated port to forward data. The neighboring nodes of the failed link set the failed port to a blocked state, prohibiting data forwarding. The backup port that was originally blocked logically is no longer blocked and switches to a forwarding state, enabling the backup path. Other non-root bridge devices adjust their port roles based on the new BPDU information. Non-root ports or non-designated ports enter the blocked state. Configure the ERPS timer to control the fault recovery delay and state switching interval, and quickly synchronize the port state to shorten the convergence time.

8. The single-core self-healing ring network construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of the protocol automatically triggering the switching mechanism includes the following steps: When a node or link between sub-rings fails, the continuity detection mechanism detects the link termination in real time. Once a faulty node is detected, an R-APS protocol message is immediately sent through the control VLAN to broadcast the signal failure status information to all nodes in the ring. After receiving the fault notification, the nodes on the primary ring unblock the previously blocked ring protection link ports and enter the forwarding state, forming a new loop-free physical path to bypass the fault point. All nodes synchronously update the MAC forwarding table through the flushing message and clear the cache entries of the original path. Relearn the forwarding path based on the new topology; continue to send R-APS packets to maintain the protection state until the fault is recovered. The system decides whether to automatically switch back or maintain the current path based on the configuration.

9. A single-core self-healing ring network system, which is applied to the single-core self-healing ring network method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The central computer room switch of the single-core self-healing ring network system is connected to the central computer room firewall, strong earthquake server, backup server and Web publishing and data acquisition and storage server; the central computer room firewall is connected to the camp office network; the Web publishing and data acquisition and storage server transmits data to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room, the computer room on the second floor of the central control room transmits data to the observation room of plant 4, the observation room of plant 4 transmits data to the observation room of plant 1, the observation room of plant 1 transmits data to the EL1439 observation room of dam section 16, the EL1439 observation room of dam section 16 transmits data to the EL1418 observation room of dam section 13, the EL1418 observation room of dam section 13 transmits data to the EL1418 observation room of dam section 10, the EL1418 observation room of dam section 10 transmits data to the EL1418 observation room of dam section 8, the EL1418 observation room of dam section 8 transmits data to the EL1427 observation room of dam section 4, the EL1427 observation room of dam section 4 transmits data to the EL1391 observation room of dam section 8, The EL1391 observation room of the 8th dam section transmits data to the EL1382 observation room of the 10th dam section; the EL1382 observation room of the 10th dam section returns to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room in turn; the EL1439 observation room of the 16th dam section and the 1480 observation room of the 16th dam section are connected to the fiber optic switch using a network cable, and are also connected to the EL1453 observation room of the 13th dam section using a network cable; the EL1453 observation room of the 13th dam section is connected to the EL1453 observation room of the 10th dam section for data transmission; the EL1453 observation room of the 10th dam section is connected to the EL1459 observation room of the 8th dam section for data transmission; the EL1459 observation room of the 8th dam section It is connected to the EL1459 observation room of dam section 4 for data transmission; the EL1459 observation room of dam section 4 is connected to the WL1453 observation room of dam section 2 for data transmission, and the data from the WL1453 observation room of dam section 2 is returned to the optical fiber switch in sequence and output to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room; the 1480 observation room of dam section 16 is connected to the grouting hole on the right bank of the dam top; the grouting hole on the right bank of the dam top is connected to the observation room on the left bank of the dam top, the observation room on the left bank of the dam top is connected to the accumulation body in front of the dam on the left bank, the accumulation body in front of the dam on the left bank is connected to the grouting hole on the left bank of the dam top, and the grouting hole on the left bank of the dam top is connected to the diversion hole; the diversion hole outputs the data to the computer room on the second floor of the central control room.

10. The single-core self-healing ring network system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The single-core self-healing ring network system further includes: The sub-ring module is used to divide the overall network into multiple sub-rings. Each sub-ring operates independently, optimizing time synchronization and fault isolation by controlling the number of sites and dividing the areas within a single ring. The optical switches within each sub-ring use an A / B connection method. The data flow control module is used to connect the B end of the last measurement point back to the A end of the starting measurement station using an optical fiber to form a closed physical structure; the protocol is configured on the switch to control the data flow path through the protocol; The fault point display module is used to connect different sub-ring networks through RJ45 ports, using Category 5e shielded twisted pair cables or Ethernet interfaces. When a node or link fails, the protocol automatically triggers a switching mechanism. The master station optical terminal monitors the status of all nodes in real time and displays the fault point through the network management interface.

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