Elevator construction three-dimensional visual management system based on digital twinning

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator construction three-dimensional visual management system based on digital twinning, and relates to the technical field of digital twinning, and the elevator construction three-dimensional visual management system is based on an obtained standardized data set DatOut and a time slice sequence Tms corresponding to a construction stage; then, a stage scene set ScnSet is generated through twin modeling fusion, the geometric change of the shaft and the installation condition of components can be dynamically reflected, and the wiring planning deviation caused by unclear description of the narrow shaft environment in a traditional two-dimensional drawing is avoided; according to the method, a path candidate set PatSet is generated, and an evaluation result set EvaSet is calculated, so that the situation that the path is too long, the bending is too fast or the maintenance space is insufficient in the field when manual wiring is carried out by depending on construction experience traditionally is avoided, constructors can intuitively preview the path trend in a virtual scene, and the construction efficiency is improved. And clear execution guidance is directly obtained in the construction stage, so that rework and construction period delay caused by wiring path conflict or rule violation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of digital twin technology, and specifically to a three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin. Background Art

[0002] In the macro field of engineering digitization and intelligent construction, digital twin technology has gradually extended from production and manufacturing to building installation scenarios; when the focus converges to the more specific field of building mechanical and electrical installation, elevator construction has become one of the specific things that digital twin technology is prioritized for implementation due to its narrow space, high process coupling and strict safety requirements. By using virtual twins that are updated synchronously with the real construction site, elevator shafts, guide rails, cars, wiring channels, temporary facilities and operation sequences can be presented, deduced and verified in real time in three-dimensional space, thereby serving construction organization and quality safety.

[0003] During elevator construction, the current practice of laying electrical wiring relies on two-dimensional drawings, verbal briefings, and temporary on-site adjustments to determine the routing and sequence. Path verification often relies on local measurements and empirical judgment, failing to account for the dynamic positioning of guide rails, counterweights, door operators, scaffolding, temporary lifting points, and conduit within the hoistway. It also hinders timely assessment of bend radius, saturation, maintenance accessibility, and spatial conflicts with other work types. This situation leads to frequent route changes, inconsistent cable redundancy and tension control, unbalanced cable tray and trunking utilization, and difficulty in reviewing hidden areas. If conflicts or non-compliance points are discovered late in the construction process, the common consequences are rework, partial demolition and modification, and schedule delays, which in turn increase costs and safety risks. Furthermore, construction teams continue to face frequent changes, space congestion, and the cumulative interference of multiple work types, inevitably leading to schedule delays and quality risks.

[0004] The construction of urban renewal elevators involves not only new construction projects but also a large number of scenarios such as adding elevators to old buildings, renovating existing elevators, and replacing existing elevators. In these projects, the hoistway space is often limited by the original building structure, the wiring environment is complex, and existing electrical facilities and pipelines are intertwined. The construction process must take into account the load-bearing capacity of the old bridge, the protection of existing lines, the reassessment of electromagnetic interference, and the maintenance of maintenance access within the limited space. Compared with new construction projects, urban elevator renovations are more prone to problems such as "non-standardized hoistways," "insufficient spatial redundancy," and "limited construction windows." Without a dynamic visualization and pre-emptive path verification mechanism, renovation projects are more likely to cause large-scale rework due to delayed conflict detection, directly affecting residents' daily travel and the progress of community renewal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twins, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twins, including a data acquisition and cleaning module, a twin modeling fusion module, a constraint generation module, a path search and conflict detection module, and a solution optimization and three-dimensional publishing module; The data acquisition and cleaning module extracts elevator construction-related data from multi-source information such as construction drawings, BIM models, on-site records, and standard specifications, and performs preprocessing to form a standardized data set DatOut and a time slice sequence Tms; The twin modeling fusion module constructs a twin scene Scn synchronized with the on-site construction status based on the standardized data set DatOut and the time slice sequence Tms, and forms a stage scene set ScnSet as the construction stage evolves; The constraint generation module converts specification requirements and physical characteristics into computable wiring constraints, and combines the stage scenario set ScnSet to form a constraint set CstSet that changes dynamically with the stage; The path search and conflict detection module generates a path candidate set PatSet for each routing requirement list Lis in the transit network Net, and performs multi-constraint screening and conflict detection based on the constraint set CstSet and the stage scenario set ScnSet to form an evaluation result set EvaSet; The scheme optimization and 3D publishing module performs constructability determination and comprehensive optimization on the path candidate set PatSet based on the evaluation result set EvaSet, determines the unique optimal path Popt, and performs 3D publishing and execution guidance in the elevator construction 3D model.

[0007] Preferably, the data acquisition and cleaning module includes a data acquisition unit and a standardization processing unit; The data acquisition unit extracts elevator construction related data from multi-source information such as construction drawings, BIM models, on-site records and standard specifications to form a raw data set RawSet; The raw data set RawSet includes the shaft geometry model Geo, the component occupancy model Occ, the construction schedule Sch, the wiring requirement list Lis, the cable physical parameters Par, the safety specification threshold Std and the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc; The shaft geometry model Geo is obtained by combining the BIM model and structural construction drawings from the architectural design phase with on-site laser measurement and 3D scanning results. As the spatial basis of the 3D twin scene, it reflects the overall size, floor height, structural outline, and spatial form of the shaft, and is a necessary condition for path planning and conflict detection. The component occupancy model Occ is based on the BIM electromechanical model and construction progress records during the construction phase; it is used to describe the space occupancy of components that have been installed or are about to be installed inside the shaft, and is used for conflict detection and path avoidance; Among them, the components include guide rails, door machines, brackets and counterweight devices; The construction schedule Sch is obtained by extracting from the construction unit's construction organization design documents and the project management system schedule; it describes the time arrangement and work sequence of each stage of elevator construction and is used to establish a time slice sequence so that the path planning is dynamically updated with the stage to avoid conflicts with unfinished processes; The wiring requirement list Lis is obtained by extracting from the electrical construction drawings and the construction company's material plan list; it is used to clarify the type, quantity, and starting and ending locations of the cables required for laying during the elevator construction phase. It is the target input for path search. Without this list, candidate paths cannot be generated. The cable physical parameters Par are obtained by extracting the product technical specifications provided by the cable manufacturer and the technical parameter documents in the procurement process. They are used to describe the physical characteristics of the cable, including the minimum bending radius, allowable tension, and cross-sectional area, and are hard constraints in path evaluation. The safety specification threshold Std is obtained by extracting from industry standards and construction acceptance specification documents; it is used to define the relevant specification requirements for elevator construction, including the upper limit of the bridge filling rate and the minimum safe distance between the cable and the power equipment, as a standard for determining the legality of the path; The electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc is obtained by extracting the electromagnetic compatibility analysis report and equipment list provided by the electrical design institute; it is used to list the components and areas in the shaft that generate electromagnetic interference on the cable wiring, ensuring that strong interference areas are avoided during path selection, thereby improving system stability.

[0008] Preferably, the standardization processing unit is used to preprocess the raw data set RawSet, wherein the preprocessing includes space reference correction processing, stage sequence generation processing, parameter unit and specification verification processing, and electromagnetic constraint mapping processing, to obtain the preprocessed standardized data set DatOut and time slice sequence Tms, thereby providing a standardized input interface for cross-module transfer and dynamic simulation; The spatial reference correction process unifies the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ into a coordinate system with the shaft reference point as the origin by using a three-dimensional coordinate alignment technology; Use scale comparison technology to compare dimensions item by item, including layer height, well width, and well depth. If the comparison deviation exceeds the preset allowable deviation threshold, correction is performed. Correction includes deleting and marking overlapping and conflicting geometric data. The phase sequence generation process uses progress parsing technology to extract construction phase nodes and their time ranges in the construction schedule Sch; then uses task decomposition technology to map each wiring requirement in the wiring requirement list Lis, including the starting point, end point, and line category, to the corresponding construction phase; the wiring requirements are divided into phases to form a phase wiring task set TaskSet; And the discrete modeling technology is used to divide the stage wiring task set TaskSet into construction stages to form an ordered time slice sequence Tms; The parameter unit and specification verification process uses unit conversion technology to unify all values ​​in the cable physical parameters Par, such as minimum bending radius, allowable tension and cross-sectional area, into a standard unit system, such as millimeters, Newtons, and square millimeters; Use threshold verification technology to check the consistency of the bridge fill rate upper limit, safety spacing and other values ​​in the safety specification threshold Std with the converted cable physical parameters Par; if caliber conflicts and value inconsistencies are found, standardization corrections are made and recorded; The electromagnetic constraint mapping process uses a three-dimensional space projection technology to mark the location and effective radius of interference sources in the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc, such as inverters and motors, in the three-dimensional model; Using the stage partitioning technology, the interference area of ​​the interference source is divided according to the time slice sequence Tms to generate electromagnetic sensitive areas that change with the stage.

[0009] Preferably, the twin modeling fusion module includes a twin scene construction processing unit and a computational expression generation processing unit; The twin scene construction processing unit uses the three-dimensional scene reconstruction technology based on the obtained standardized data set DatOut and time slice sequence Tms to load the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ under a unified coordinate reference to generate the initial twin scene Scn; Then, using the stage instantiation technology, driven by the time slice sequence Tms, the construction schedule Sch and the stage wiring task set TaskSet are mapped to the benchmark twin scenario Scn. The installed, uninstalled and temporary facilities related states of the components in each stage are instantiated, and the stage scenario set ScnSet = {twin scenario Scn(t) | t∈time slice sequence Tms} is generated stage by stage. Finally, the safety specification threshold Std and the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc are written into each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet in stages, forming a staged scene with safety and electromagnetic semantics.

[0010] Preferably, the computational expression generation processing unit adopts a grid discretization technology to perform three-dimensional discretization on each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet, generates a voxel grid Vox(t) of the twin scene Scn(t) stage, and binds the index relationship with the time slice sequence Tms; Identify the traversable units on each voxel grid Vox(t) obtained, establish the connectivity relationship between nodes and edges, obtain the traversable network Net(t) of each voxel grid Vox(t) stage, bind it to the index relationship of the time slice sequence Tms, and simultaneously define the stage index Idt. Each stage index Idt uniquely corresponds to a time slice t in the time slice sequence Tms. A stage index selection mechanism is used to select the result of the target stage from the voxel grid Vox(t) and the pass network Net(t) generated by the stage through the stage index Idt, and the voxel grid Vox and the pass network Net with the same stage are provided to the outside. Among them, the voxel grid Vox = the voxel grid Vox(Idx), and the pass network Net = the pass network Net(Idx); Finally, the stage index binding mechanism is used to establish a one-to-one binding relationship between the stage index Idt and the twin scene Scn(t), voxel grid Vox(t), and pass network Net(t) to form a mapping: the stage index Idt is bound to {time slice t in the time slice sequence Tms, twin scene Scn(t), voxel grid Vox(t), pass network Net(t)}. When the specified stage index Idt is reached, the voxel grid Vox and pass network Net of the corresponding stage can be output; Then, based on each time slice t∈time slice sequence Tms, a corresponding twin scene Scn(t) is generated, and all phased scenes are arranged in chronological order to form a phase scene set ScnSet={Scn(t)|t∈Tms}.

[0011] Preferably, the constraint generation module includes a constraint element extraction processing unit and a dynamic constraint integration processing unit; The constraint element extraction processing unit converts the safety specification threshold Std, the cable physical parameter Par, the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs into a unified computable form, specifically including processing steps S11, S12 and S13; S11. By using the specification parsing technology, the bridge filling rate and safety distance in the safety specification threshold Std are extracted one by one; The fill rate threshold constraint is numerically expressed as the ratio of the bridge cross-sectional area to the occupied cable cross-sectional area; The minimum allowable distance between the cable centerline and surrounding components or adjacent cables is numerically converted into a safety spacing threshold constraint; Integrate the fill rate threshold constraint and the safety distance threshold constraint to form a computable threshold constraint; S12. By using parameter conversion technology, the minimum bending radius in the cable physical parameter Par is converted into a geometric constraint condition based on the cable outer diameter d: the path bending radius ≥ k·d, where k is the specification coefficient; For the tension in the cable physical parameter Par, the product of the cable cross-sectional area and the material mechanical properties is converted into the mechanical constraint condition: path tension ≤ allowable tension value; The cross-sectional area in the cable physical parameter Par is converted into the conductor cross-sectional area constraint: the lower limit requirement of the current carrying capacity is met; Integrate geometric constraints, mechanical constraints, and conductor cross-sectional area constraints into a physical parameter constraint group; S13. Using spatial accessibility analysis technology, extract the actual width of each maintenance passage in the elevator shaft from the component occupancy model Occ, compare it with the minimum maintenance passage width specified in the specification, and digitize it into a passage width constraint. In the maintenance channel model Acs, the three-dimensional space required for maintenance personnel to stand and operate is extracted, and the spatial overlap relationship with components and cables is calculated and numerically converted into the reachable space range constraint; Combine the channel width constraint and the accessible space range constraint into a maintenance accessibility constraint group; Then, the obtained threshold constraints, physical parameter constraint group and maintenance accessibility constraint group are integrated to obtain the constraint element set CstEle; Among them, the maintenance channel model Acs is obtained by combining construction drawings, BIM personnel channel model and on-site laser scanning or 3D scanning.

[0012] Preferably, the dynamic constraint integration processing unit integrates the acquired constraint element set CstEle into the stage scene set ScnSet stage by stage, so that the constraint conditions are instantiated as a constraint set in each construction stage. Specifically, the specification threshold constraint group and the physical parameter constraint group are mapped to the corresponding voxel grid Vox(t) and the pass network Net(t) in the twin scene Scn(t) of each stage, so that the path search meets the construction feasibility in terms of both geometric scale and mechanical properties. The maintenance accessibility constraint group is synchronously embedded in the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs, so that maintenance personnel can arrive and perform work after path planning. Then, based on the advancement of the time slice sequence Tms, the fusion integration process of the constraint element set CstEle is repeated at different stages, so that all stages in the coverage stage scene set ScnSet correspond to the binding constraint set CstSet.

[0013] Preferably, the path search and conflict detection module includes a path candidate generation processing unit and a multi-constraint screening and conflict detection processing unit; The path candidate generation processing unit instantiates each wiring requirement in the wiring requirement list Lis as a path search task; The specific instantiation process is as follows: According to the starting and ending positions of the cables given in the wiring requirement list Lis, locate the corresponding starting and ending nodes in the traffic network Net; Then, a multi-path search algorithm is used to generate a set of feasible paths from the starting node to the ending node. All generated results are organized according to the routing requirement number to form a path candidate set PatSet; The path candidate set PatSet maintains a one-to-one correspondence with the wiring requirement list Lis.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-constraint screening and conflict detection processing unit performs constraint verification and conflict detection on each of the path candidate sets PatSet; The specific verification and detection contents are as follows: In each twin scenario Scn(Tid) identified by the time slice index Tid, the constraint element set CstEle corresponding to the time slice Tid in the constraint set CstSet is called to perform threshold constraint, physical parameter constraint group and maintenance reachability constraint verification one by one; At the same time, spatial overlap detection is performed on the path candidates in the stage scene set ScnSet, and the conflicts with components and other paths are counted. A path evaluation vector Eva(Pid,Tid) is generated for each path candidate under each time slice index Tid. The path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) includes the path length Len, the bending penalty Cur, the occupancy penalty Sat, the electromagnetic penalty Emf, the maintenance penalty Aca and the conflict count Cnt; After the verification and detection are complete, all evaluation results are organized with the wiring requirement number Pid and the time slice index Tid as double indexes to form the evaluation result set EvaSet; The path length Len represents the sum of the geometric lengths of all edge segments of the candidate path in the transit network Net(Tid); for each edge segment included in the path, the three-dimensional Euclidean distance is taken and added one by one to obtain the total length, and the result is output as a numerical indicator as the path length Len; The bending penalty Cur is a measure of the difference between the actual bending radius of the candidate path at the turning point and the minimum allowable bending radius in the cable physical parameter Par; it is obtained as follows: At each turning point, calculate the path turning angle and derive the corresponding bending radius Ract; Compare with the minimum allowable bending radius Rmin in the cable physical parameter Par; If Ract ≥ Rmin, the penalty value is 0; if Ract < Rmin, the penalty value is converted into a proportional factor according to (Rmin − Ract) / Rmin, and the sum of all illegal turning points is obtained to obtain a numerical index as the bending penalty Cur; The occupancy penalty Sat represents a measure of the difference between the spatial occupancy rate of the candidate path in the cable tray or channel cross section and the maximum allowable fill rate specified in the safety specification threshold Std; it is obtained as follows: Calculate the total cross-sectional area of ​​the cables in the path, Aocc. Then, obtain the total cross-sectional area of ​​the bridge or channel, Atot. Calculate the actual fill rate, Rate = Aocc / Atot. Compare this with the allowable fill rate, Rstd, specified in the safety specification threshold, Std. If Rate≤Rstd, the penalty value is 0; if Rate>Rstd, the penalty value is converted into a proportional value according to (Rate−Rstd) / Rstd, and the output is a numerical indicator as the occupancy penalty Sat; The electromagnetic penalty Emf represents the amount by which the electromagnetic interference intensity generated by the candidate path exceeds the allowable threshold within the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc. The method for obtaining the penalty is as follows: Calculate the electromagnetic field strength Eact based on the rated current I in the cable physical parameters Par and the path geometric length L; Read the sensitivity threshold Estd of the corresponding position in the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc; If Eact≤Estd, the penalty value is 0; if Eact>Estd, the penalty value is converted into a proportional value according to (Eact−Estd) / Estd, and the output is a numerical indicator as the electromagnetic penalty Emf; The maintenance penalty Aca represents the degree to which the candidate path hinders the minimum reachable space and operation space of the maintenance channel model Acs; it is obtained as follows: Obtain the minimum accessible channel width Wstd and operating space volume Vstd in the maintenance channel model Acs; Calculate the remaining channel width Wact and the remaining operation space volume Vact after the candidate path is actually occupied; If Wact ≥ Wstd and Vact ≥ Vstd, the penalty value is 0; if not, the penalty value is calculated by superposition of (Wstd − Wact) / Wstd + (Vstd − Vact) / Vstd, and the output is a numerical indicator, which serves as the maintenance penalty Aca; The conflict count Cnt represents the number of geometric overlaps between the candidate path and components or other paths in the stage scene Scn(Tid).

[0015] Preferably, the solution preferably includes a path selection unit and a three-dimensional mapping unit with the three-dimensional publishing module; The path selection unit normalizes the six indicators (path length Len, bending penalty Cur, occupancy penalty Sat, electromagnetic penalty Emf, maintenance penalty Aca, and conflict count Cnt) in each path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) based on the evaluation result set EvaSet to eliminate dimensional differences between different indicators, and performs weighted comprehensive calculation on the six normalized indicators to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid); Synchronously sort all comprehensive evaluation values ​​Val(Pid,Tid) from large to small, and select the first one as the optimal path Popt; Among them, the normalization process uses the range normalization method to perform dimensionless processing on the six indicators, mapping the actual value of each indicator to the interval [0,1] to ensure comparability between different indicators; The comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid) is obtained by inputting the normalized six indicators into the weighted linear combination function for weighted comprehensive calculation under each time slice index Tid, thereby obtaining the comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid) of the candidate path in the time slice; The 3D mapping unit embeds the selected optimal path Popt into the digital twin 3D environment of the elevator construction, realizing spatial mapping, dynamic visualization and issuing guidance of the path during the construction phase; Specifically, the optimal path Popt is loaded into the stage scene set ScnSet, and the path geometric trajectory is spatially aligned with the shaft geometric model Geo, component occupancy model Occ, and maintenance channel model Acs of the construction environment to ensure the consistency of the path's geometric position with the construction environment; then the optimal path Popt is rendered in a 3D twin environment, and a staged dynamic display is generated that advances with the time slice sequence Tms.

[0016] The present invention provides a three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twins, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Based on the obtained standardized data set DatOut and the time slice sequence Tms corresponding to the construction stage; then through twin modeling fusion, the stage scene set ScnSet is generated, which can dynamically reflect the geometric changes of the shaft and the installation status of the components, avoiding the wiring planning deviation caused by the unclear description of the narrow shaft environment in the traditional two-dimensional drawings; the path candidate set PatSet is generated and the evaluation result set EvaSet is calculated, thereby avoiding the traditional reliance on construction experience for manual trial wiring, which often finds that the path is too long, the bends are too sharp, or there is insufficient maintenance space on site. This allows construction personnel to intuitively preview the path direction in the virtual scene and directly obtain clear execution guidance during the construction stage.

[0017] (2) By systematically transforming industry specifications, cable physical characteristics, and maintenance requirements into computable constraints, and integrating them into the stage scenario set ScnSet step by step, a constraint set CstSet covering the entire construction process is finally formed. This mechanism effectively solves the drawback of traditional elevator construction wiring that relies solely on experience to check compliance with specifications, which leads to omissions. At the same time, the maintenance accessibility constraint group ensures that maintenance personnel can enter and perform operations through spatial analysis of the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs, avoiding the situation where the maintenance port is discovered to be blocked by cables after construction.

[0018] (3) Generate a path candidate set PatSet for each wiring requirement list Lis and perform full-dimensional automatic screening, so that the feasibility of the wiring path can be quantitatively evaluated in the planning stage, and finally output a comprehensive evaluation result set EvaSet. This effectively avoids the limitation of the traditional manual experience method of making rough judgments based on drawings but unable to quantify the quality of the path. The feasibility test of the wiring path is pre-positioned, numericalized and dynamic, which significantly improves the decision-making accuracy and construction guarantee in the path planning stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a block diagram of a three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twins in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 The present invention provides a three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twins. Figure 1, including data acquisition and cleaning module, twin modeling fusion module, constraint generation module, path search and conflict detection module and solution optimization and 3D publishing module; The data acquisition and cleaning module extracts elevator construction-related data from multi-source information such as construction drawings, BIM models, on-site records, and standard specifications, and performs preprocessing to form a standardized data set DatOut and a time slice sequence Tms; The twin modeling fusion module constructs a twin scene Scn synchronized with the on-site construction status based on the standardized data set DatOut and the time slice sequence Tms, and forms a stage scene set ScnSet as the construction stage evolves; The constraint generation module converts specification requirements and physical characteristics into computable wiring constraints, and combines the stage scenario set ScnSet to form a constraint set CstSet that changes dynamically with the stage; The path search and conflict detection module generates a path candidate set PatSet for each routing requirement list Lis in the transit network Net, and performs multi-constraint screening and conflict detection based on the constraint set CstSet and the stage scenario set ScnSet to form an evaluation result set EvaSet; The scheme optimization and 3D publishing module performs constructability determination and comprehensive optimization on the path candidate set PatSet based on the evaluation result set EvaSet, determines the unique optimal path Popt, and performs 3D publishing and execution guidance in the elevator construction 3D model.

[0022] In this embodiment, the data acquisition and cleaning module forms a standardized data set DatOut with a unified caliber and a time slice sequence Tms corresponding to the construction stage, which solves the problem of relying on manual repeated verification of data from drawings and on-site records, which is prone to incomplete information and inconsistent caliber; then the twin modeling fusion module generates a stage scene set ScnSet synchronized with the construction status, which can dynamically reflect the geometric changes of the shaft and the installation of components, avoiding the wiring planning deviation caused by the unclear description of the narrow shaft environment in traditional two-dimensional drawings; the constraint generation module then converts the safety specifications, physical characteristics and maintenance channel requirements into a constraint set CstSet, which effectively solves the problems in manual planning in the past due to the failure to timely consider the bridge filling rate, electromagnetic interference threshold or maintenance accessibility. The system then generates a set of candidate paths, PatSet, and calculates an evaluation result set, EvaSet. This pre-quantifies each path's path length, Len, curvature penalty, Cur, occupancy penalty, Sat, electromagnetic penalty, Emf, maintenance penalty, Aca, and conflict count, Cnt. This avoids the traditional practice of manual trial routing, which relies on construction experience and often leads to on-site discoveries of excessive lengths, sharp bends, or insufficient maintenance space. Finally, in the solution optimization and 3D publishing module, a unique optimal path, Popt, is calculated based on the evaluation result set, EvaSet, and published in 3D. This allows construction workers to visually preview the path in a virtual scene and obtain clear execution guidance during the construction phase. This approach not only reduces rework and delays caused by routing conflicts or code violations, but also ensures construction feasibility and safety in confined spaces like elevator shafts. For example, in practice, when the hoistway bridge fill rate approaches the upper limit of the specification, the system automatically selects a detour to ensure unobstructed maintenance access, significantly improving construction efficiency and quality stability.

[0023] Example 2 Specifically: the data acquisition and cleaning module includes a data acquisition unit and a standardization processing unit; The data acquisition unit extracts elevator construction related data from multi-source information such as construction drawings, BIM models, on-site records and standard specifications to form a raw data set RawSet; The raw data set RawSet includes the shaft geometry model Geo, the component occupancy model Occ, the construction schedule Sch, the wiring requirement list Lis, the cable physical parameters Par, the safety specification threshold Std and the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc; The shaft geometry model Geo is obtained by combining the BIM model and structural construction drawings from the architectural design phase with on-site laser measurement and 3D scanning results. As the spatial basis of the 3D twin scene, it reflects the overall size, floor height, structural outline, and spatial form of the shaft, and is a necessary condition for path planning and conflict detection. The component occupancy model Occ is based on the BIM electromechanical model and construction progress records during the construction phase; it is used to describe the space occupancy of components that have been installed or are about to be installed inside the shaft, and is used for conflict detection and path avoidance; Among them, the components include guide rails, door machines, brackets and counterweight devices; The construction schedule Sch is obtained by extracting from the construction unit's construction organization design documents and the project management system schedule; it describes the time arrangement and work sequence of each stage of elevator construction and is used to establish a time slice sequence so that the path planning is dynamically updated with the stage to avoid conflicts with unfinished processes; The wiring requirement list Lis is obtained by extracting from the electrical construction drawings and the construction company's material plan list; it is used to clarify the type, quantity, and starting and ending locations of the cables required for laying during the elevator construction phase. It is the target input for path search. Without this list, candidate paths cannot be generated. The cable physical parameters Par are obtained by extracting the product technical specifications provided by the cable manufacturer and the technical parameter documents in the procurement process. They are used to describe the physical characteristics of the cable, including the minimum bending radius, allowable tension, and cross-sectional area, and are hard constraints in path evaluation. The safety specification threshold Std is obtained by extracting from industry standards and construction acceptance specification documents; it is used to define the relevant specification requirements for elevator construction, including the upper limit of the bridge filling rate and the minimum safe distance between the cable and the power equipment, as a standard for determining the legality of the path; The electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc is obtained by extracting the electromagnetic compatibility analysis report and equipment list provided by the electrical design institute; it is used to list the components and areas in the shaft that generate electromagnetic interference on the cable wiring, ensuring that strong interference areas are avoided during path selection, thereby improving system stability.

[0024] The standardization processing unit is used to preprocess the raw data set RawSet, which includes spatial reference correction processing, stage sequence generation processing, parameter unit and specification verification processing, and electromagnetic constraint mapping processing, to obtain the preprocessed standardized data set DatOut and time slice sequence Tms, thereby providing a standardized input interface for cross-module transfer and dynamic simulation; The spatial reference correction process unifies the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ into a coordinate system with the shaft reference point as the origin by using a three-dimensional coordinate alignment technology; Use scale comparison technology to compare dimensions item by item, including layer height, well width, and well depth. If the comparison deviation exceeds the preset allowable deviation threshold, correction is performed. Correction includes deleting and marking overlapping and conflicting geometric data. The phase sequence generation process uses progress parsing technology to extract construction phase nodes and their time ranges in the construction schedule Sch; then uses task decomposition technology to map each wiring requirement in the wiring requirement list Lis, including the starting point, end point, and line category, to the corresponding construction phase; the wiring requirements are divided into phases to form a phase wiring task set TaskSet; And the discrete modeling technology is used to divide the stage wiring task set TaskSet into construction stages to form an ordered time slice sequence Tms; The parameter unit and specification verification process uses unit conversion technology to unify all values ​​in the cable physical parameters Par, such as minimum bending radius, allowable tension and cross-sectional area, into a standard unit system, such as millimeters, Newtons, and square millimeters; Use threshold verification technology to check the consistency of the bridge fill rate upper limit, safety spacing and other values ​​in the safety specification threshold Std with the converted cable physical parameters Par; if caliber conflicts and value inconsistencies are found, standardization corrections are made and recorded; The electromagnetic constraint mapping process uses a three-dimensional space projection technology to mark the location and effective radius of interference sources in the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc, such as inverters and motors, in the three-dimensional model; Using the stage partitioning technology, the interference area of ​​the interference source is divided according to the time slice sequence Tms to generate electromagnetic sensitive areas that change with the stage.

[0025] In this embodiment, the unified collection and preprocessing of multi-source data such as construction drawings, BIM models, field records, and standard specifications is achieved, forming a standardized data set DatOut and a corresponding time slice sequence Tms. This processing method effectively solves the problem of misjudgment of construction plans caused by the dispersion of data sources and inconsistent calibers in traditional elevator construction. For example, in the past, it was common for construction units to rely solely on the shaft geometry information in the BIM model for wiring planning, but ignored the floor height deviation caused by construction errors in the on-site measurement data, which ultimately led to insufficient cable length estimation and rework problems after the wiring was completed. However, through spatial reference correction processing and scale comparison technology, the system can detect and correct this geometric deviation before generating the standardized data set DatOut, thereby ensuring the geometric accuracy of subsequent wiring path planning. At the same time, parameter unit and specification verification eliminates inconsistencies in unit and threshold definitions between cable specifications and safety regulations, avoiding the risk of incorrect determinations of bridge fill rate or minimum bend radius due to caliber confusion. Electromagnetic constraint mapping accurately marks interference sources in the electromagnetic sensitivity list (Emc) in a three-dimensional environment and dynamically updates them over the time slice sequence (Tms). This allows for clear avoidance paths during the design phase, preventing unstable elevator operation due to electromagnetic interference after construction is completed. This module not only ensures the traceability and consistency of multi-source data but also reduces rework and delays caused by data defects during the subsequent construction phase through pre-processing and standardization.

[0026] Example 3 Specifically: the twin modeling fusion module includes a twin scene construction processing unit and a computational expression generation processing unit; The twin scene construction processing unit uses the three-dimensional scene reconstruction technology based on the obtained standardized data set DatOut and time slice sequence Tms to load the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ under a unified coordinate reference to generate the initial twin scene Scn; Then, using the stage instantiation technology, driven by the time slice sequence Tms, the construction schedule Sch and the stage wiring task set TaskSet are mapped to the benchmark twin scenario Scn. The installed, uninstalled and temporary facilities related states of the components in each stage are instantiated, and the stage scenario set ScnSet = {twin scenario Scn(t) | t∈time slice sequence Tms} is generated stage by stage. Finally, the safety specification threshold Std and the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc are written into each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet in stages, forming a staged scene with safety and electromagnetic semantics.

[0027] The computational expression generation processing unit adopts the grid discretization technology to discretize each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet in three dimensions, generates the voxel grid Vox(t) of the twin scene Scn(t) stage, and binds the index relationship with the time slice sequence Tms; Identify the traversable units on each voxel grid Vox(t) obtained, establish the connectivity relationship between nodes and edges, obtain the traversable network Net(t) of each voxel grid Vox(t) stage, bind it to the index relationship of the time slice sequence Tms, and simultaneously define the stage index Idt. Each stage index Idt uniquely corresponds to a time slice t in the time slice sequence Tms. A stage index selection mechanism is used to select the result of the target stage from the voxel grid Vox(t) and the pass network Net(t) generated by the stage through the stage index Idt, and the voxel grid Vox and the pass network Net with the same stage are provided to the outside. Among them, the voxel grid Vox = the voxel grid Vox(Idx), and the pass network Net = the pass network Net(Idx); Finally, the stage index binding mechanism is used to establish a one-to-one binding relationship between the stage index Idt and the twin scene Scn(t), voxel grid Vox(t), and pass network Net(t) to form a mapping: the stage index Idt is bound to {time slice t in the time slice sequence Tms, twin scene Scn(t), voxel grid Vox(t), pass network Net(t)}. When the specified stage index Idt is reached, the voxel grid Vox and pass network Net of the corresponding stage can be output; Then, based on each time slice t∈time slice sequence Tms, a corresponding twin scene Scn(t) is generated, and all phased scenes are arranged in chronological order to form a phase scene set ScnSet={Scn(t)|t∈Tms}.

[0028] In this embodiment, dynamic three-dimensional modeling and expression of the elevator construction environment is realized, so that the wiring path planning can be synchronized in real time with the construction progress. Based on the standardized data set DatOut and the time slice sequence Tms, this module generates a benchmark twin scene containing the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ under a unified coordinate reference, and further forms a stage scene set ScnSet with safety and electromagnetic semantics through stage instantiation technology, so that the spatial state of different construction stages can be accurately simulated. At the same time, the computational expression generation processing unit discretizes the stage scene set ScnSet into a voxel grid Vox(t) and a traffic network Net(t) that can be used for path search, and binds it to the time slice sequence Tms through the stage index Idt to ensure that a consistent and traceable construction scene expression can be output at each stage. This mechanism effectively solves the problem that traditional construction relies on two-dimensional drawings or static three-dimensional models to reflect differences in construction progress. For example, before the hoistway rails are installed, the stage scenario set ScnSet provides a wider range of wiring path options. However, after the rails are installed, the same paths are automatically excluded due to occupied space, thus avoiding situations where the planned paths are unconstructable during the actual construction phase. For another example, when a newly installed inverter introduces strong electromagnetic interference at a certain stage, the stage scenario set ScnSet can immediately update the corresponding interference area, ensuring that path planning can be preemptively avoided in the model, thus preventing elevator failures caused by electromagnetic interference later. This module thus provides a dynamic, phased, and progress-synchronized 3D twin environment for elevator construction, significantly improving the accuracy and foresight of wiring planning.

[0029] Example 4 Specifically: the constraint generation module includes a constraint element extraction processing unit and a dynamic constraint integration processing unit; The constraint element extraction processing unit converts the safety specification threshold Std, the cable physical parameter Par, the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs into a unified computable form, specifically including processing steps S11, S12 and S13; S11. By using the specification parsing technology, the bridge filling rate and safety distance in the safety specification threshold Std are extracted one by one; The fill rate threshold constraint is numerically expressed as the ratio of the bridge cross-sectional area to the occupied cable cross-sectional area; The minimum allowable distance between the cable centerline and surrounding components or adjacent cables is numerically converted into a safety spacing threshold constraint; Integrate the fill rate threshold constraint and the safety distance threshold constraint to form a computable threshold constraint; S12. By using parameter conversion technology, the minimum bending radius in the cable physical parameter Par is converted into a geometric constraint condition based on the cable outer diameter d: the path bending radius ≥ k·d, where k is the specification coefficient; For the tension in the cable physical parameter Par, the product of the cable cross-sectional area and the material mechanical properties is converted into the mechanical constraint condition: path tension ≤ allowable tension value; The cross-sectional area in the cable physical parameter Par is converted into the conductor cross-sectional area constraint: the lower limit requirement of the current carrying capacity is met; Integrate geometric constraints, mechanical constraints, and conductor cross-sectional area constraints into a physical parameter constraint group; S13. Using spatial accessibility analysis technology, extract the actual width of each maintenance passage in the elevator shaft from the component occupancy model Occ, compare it with the minimum maintenance passage width specified in the specification, and digitize it into a passage width constraint. In the maintenance channel model Acs, the three-dimensional space required for maintenance personnel to stand and operate is extracted, and the spatial overlap relationship with components and cables is calculated and numerically converted into the reachable space range constraint; Combine the channel width constraint and the accessible space range constraint into a maintenance accessibility constraint group; Then, the obtained threshold constraints, physical parameter constraint group and maintenance accessibility constraint group are integrated to obtain the constraint element set CstEle; Among them, the maintenance passage model Acs is obtained by combining construction drawings, BIM personnel passage models and on-site laser scanning or 3D scanning; it is used to describe the geometric boundaries and accessible space range of the maintenance personnel passage in the elevator shaft, including the passage width, the location and size of the standing area and the operating area.

[0030] The dynamic constraint integration processing unit integrates the acquired constraint element set CstEle into the stage scene set ScnSet stage by stage, so that the constraint conditions are instantiated as a constraint set in each construction stage. Specifically, within the twin scene Scn(t) of each stage, the standard threshold constraint group and the physical parameter constraint group are mapped to the corresponding voxel grid Vox(t) and the pass network Net(t), so that the path search meets the construction feasibility in terms of both geometric scale and mechanical performance. The maintenance accessibility constraint group is synchronously embedded into the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs, so that maintenance personnel can reach and perform work after path planning. Then, based on the advancement of the time slice sequence Tms, the fusion integration process of the constraint element set CstEle is repeatedly executed at different stages, so that all stages in the stage scenario set ScnSet correspond to the binding constraint set CstSet; It should be noted that: Based on the obtained constraint feature set CstEle and the stage scene set ScnSet, the stage fusion technology is used to embed the constraint feature set CstEle into each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet; At each stage, a constraint mapping operation is performed: Apply the canonical threshold constraint group and the physical parameter constraint group to the voxel grid Vox(t) and the transit network Net(t); Apply the maintenance accessibility constraint group to the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs; Use a dynamic update mechanism to refresh the constraint results stage by stage as the time slice sequence Tms advances; Output the constraint set CstSet={Cst(t)|t∈Tms} that corresponds one by one to the stage scenario set ScnSet.

[0031] This embodiment systematically transforms industry standards, cable physical characteristics, and maintenance requirements into computable constraints, integrating them into a stage-by-stage scenario set ScnSet , ultimately forming a constraint set CstSet that covers the entire construction process. This mechanism effectively addresses the drawbacks of traditional elevator construction wiring, which relies solely on experience to check standard compliance and can lead to omissions. For example, when laying cables within a hoistway bridge, construction workers often discover only after actual operation that the fill rate exceeds safety regulations, necessitating rerouting of the cables. However, the specification threshold constraint group within this module accurately calculates the bridge fill rate during the path generation phase and automatically eliminates non-compliant paths, avoiding rework. For another example, in confined spaces, if the path bend radius falls below the minimum allowable value specified by the cable's physical parameter Par, traditional manual verification is difficult during the design phase. However, the physical parameter constraint group within this module eliminates these high-risk paths before planning, preventing cable damage from excessive bending. Furthermore, the maintenance accessibility constraint group ensures access and operation for maintenance personnel through spatial analysis of the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance access model Acs, avoiding the situation where access openings are obstructed by cables only after construction. Consequently, this module not only improves compliance with regulations and safety and reliability during the path search phase, but also incorporates maintenance accessibility into pre-planning, ensuring the constructability and maintainability of elevator cabling throughout its lifecycle.

[0032] Example 5 Specifically: the path search and conflict detection module includes a path candidate generation processing unit and a multi-constraint screening and conflict detection processing unit; The path candidate generation processing unit instantiates each wiring requirement in the wiring requirement list Lis as a path search task; The specific instantiation process is as follows: According to the starting and ending positions of the cables given in the wiring requirement list Lis, locate the corresponding starting and ending nodes in the traffic network Net; Then, a multi-path search algorithm is used to generate a set of feasible paths from the starting node to the ending node. All generated results are organized according to the routing requirement number to form a path candidate set PatSet; The path candidate set PatSet maintains a one-to-one correspondence with the wiring requirement list Lis, ensuring that each wiring requirement has a candidate path as input for subsequent constraint verification and conflict detection.

[0033] The multi-constraint screening and conflict detection processing unit performs constraint verification and conflict detection on each of the path candidate sets PatSet; The specific verification and detection contents are as follows: In each twin scenario Scn(Tid) identified by the time slice index Tid, the constraint element set CstEle corresponding to the time slice Tid in the constraint set CstSet is called to perform threshold constraint, physical parameter constraint group and maintenance reachability constraint verification one by one; At the same time, spatial overlap detection is performed on the path candidates in the stage scene set ScnSet, and the conflicts with components and other paths are counted. A path evaluation vector Eva(Pid,Tid) is generated for each path candidate under each time slice index Tid. The path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) includes the path length Len, the bending penalty Cur, the occupancy penalty Sat, the electromagnetic penalty Emf, the maintenance penalty Aca and the conflict count Cnt; After the verification and detection are complete, all evaluation results are organized with the wiring requirement number Pid and the time slice index Tid as double indexes to form the evaluation result set EvaSet; The path length Len represents the sum of the geometric lengths of all edge segments of the candidate path in the transit network Net(Tid); for each edge segment included in the path, the three-dimensional Euclidean distance is taken and added one by one to obtain the total length, and the result is output as a numerical indicator as the path length Len; The bending penalty Cur is a measure of the difference between the actual bending radius of the candidate path at the turning point and the minimum allowable bending radius in the cable physical parameter Par; it is obtained as follows: At each turning point, calculate the path turning angle and derive the corresponding bending radius Ract; Compare with the minimum allowable bending radius Rmin in the cable physical parameter Par; If Ract ≥ Rmin, the penalty value is 0; if Ract < Rmin, the penalty value is converted into a proportional factor according to (Rmin − Ract) / Rmin, and the sum of all illegal turning points is obtained to obtain a numerical index as the bending penalty Cur; The occupancy penalty Sat represents a measure of the difference between the spatial occupancy rate of the candidate path in the cable tray or channel cross section and the maximum allowable fill rate specified in the safety specification threshold Std; it is obtained as follows: Calculate the total cross-sectional area of ​​the cables in the path, Aocc. Then, obtain the total cross-sectional area of ​​the bridge or channel, Atot. Calculate the actual fill rate, Rate = Aocc / Atot. Compare this with the allowable fill rate, Rstd, specified in the safety specification threshold, Std. If Rate≤Rstd, the penalty value is 0; if Rate>Rstd, the penalty value is converted into a proportional value according to (Rate−Rstd) / Rstd, and the output is a numerical indicator as the occupancy penalty Sat; The electromagnetic penalty Emf represents the amount by which the electromagnetic interference intensity generated by the candidate path exceeds the allowable threshold within the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc. The method for obtaining the penalty is as follows: Calculate the electromagnetic field strength Eact based on the rated current I in the cable physical parameters Par and the path geometric length L; Read the sensitivity threshold Estd of the corresponding position in the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc; If Eact≤Estd, the penalty value is 0; if Eact>Estd, the penalty value is converted into a proportional value according to (Eact−Estd) / Estd, and the output is a numerical indicator as the electromagnetic penalty Emf; The maintenance penalty Aca represents the degree to which the candidate path hinders the minimum reachable space and operation space of the maintenance channel model Acs; it is obtained as follows: Obtain the minimum accessible channel width Wstd and operating space volume Vstd in the maintenance channel model Acs; Calculate the remaining channel width Wact and the remaining operation space volume Vact after the candidate path is actually occupied; If Wact ≥ Wstd and Vact ≥ Vstd, the penalty value is 0; if not, the penalty value is calculated by superposition of (Wstd − Wact) / Wstd + (Vstd − Vact) / Vstd, and the output is a numerical indicator, which serves as the maintenance penalty Aca; The conflict count Cnt represents the number of geometric overlaps between the candidate path and the component or other paths in the stage scene Scn(Tid); it is obtained as follows: Perform collision detection on the candidate path geometric entity, the component occupancy model Occ, and other path geometric entities at the same stage; each time a valid overlap is detected, it is counted as 1, and the total number of times is counted one by one and output as an integer indicator as the conflict count Cnt.

[0034] In this embodiment, a set of candidate paths, PatSet, is generated for each routing requirement list Lis and fully automated, allowing for quantitative assessment of routing path feasibility during the planning phase. This module not only generates a set of path evaluation vectors, Eva(Pid, Tid), for each candidate path, including path length Len, bend penalty Cur, occupancy penalty Sat, electromagnetic penalty Emf, maintenance penalty Aca, and conflict count Cnt, but also dynamically updates these vectors over time slices Tms, ultimately outputting a comprehensive set of evaluation results, EvaSet. This mechanism effectively avoids the limitations of traditional manual experience, which relies solely on rough judgments based on drawings but cannot quantify the quality of paths. For example, in an elevator construction project, if a candidate route detours too far, causing the cable procurement budget to exceed, the system can identify and offer a better alternative during the planning phase using the path length, Len. If a path presents a safety hazard at a corner due to a bend radius less than the allowable value of the cable's physical parameter, Par, the system can directly eliminate it using the bend penalty, Cur. If the hoistway bridge is nearing saturation on some floors, the occupancy penalty, Sat, quantifies the difference between the actual fill rate and the safety specification threshold, Std, to avoid forced cable insertion after construction and resulting rework. Furthermore, the electromagnetic penalty, Emf, ensures that control cables maintain a reasonable distance from power equipment, preventing jitter or malfunction during elevator operation. The maintenance penalty, Aca, ensures accessibility to maintenance access points in advance, preventing post-completion inaccessibility. This module thus makes feasibility verification of cabling paths proactive, numerical, and dynamic, significantly improving decision-making accuracy and construction assurance during the path planning phase.

[0035] Example 6 Specifically: the solution preferably includes a path selection unit and a three-dimensional mapping unit with a three-dimensional publishing module; The path selection unit normalizes the six indicators (path length Len, bending penalty Cur, occupancy penalty Sat, electromagnetic penalty Emf, maintenance penalty Aca, and conflict count Cnt) in each path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) based on the evaluation result set EvaSet to eliminate dimensional differences between different indicators, and performs weighted comprehensive calculation on the six normalized indicators to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid); The comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid) is obtained by the following calculation formula: Val(Pid,Tid)=v1·Len+v2·Cur+v3·Sat+v4·Emf+v5·Aca+v6·Cnt; Where v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, and v6 represent the weight factors of path length Len, bending penalty Cur, occupancy penalty Sat, electromagnetic penalty Emf, maintenance penalty Aca, and conflict count Cnt, respectively. The specific values ​​are set by the user, and v1 + v2 + v3 + v4 + v5 + v6 = 1. Synchronously sort all comprehensive evaluation values ​​Val(Pid,Tid) from large to small, and select the first one as the optimal path Popt; Among them, the normalization process uses the range normalization method to perform dimensionless processing on the six indicators, mapping the actual value of each indicator to the interval [0,1] to ensure comparability between different indicators; The comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid) is obtained by inputting the normalized six indicators into the weighted linear combination function for weighted comprehensive calculation under each time slice index Tid, thereby obtaining the comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid) of the candidate path in the time slice; The 3D mapping unit embeds the selected optimal path Popt into the digital twin 3D environment of the elevator construction, realizing spatial mapping, dynamic visualization and issuing guidance of the path during the construction phase; Specifically, the optimal path Popt is loaded into the stage scene set ScnSet, and the path geometric trajectory is spatially aligned with the shaft geometric model Geo, component occupancy model Occ, and maintenance channel model Acs of the construction environment to ensure the consistency of the path's geometric position with the construction environment; then, the optimal path Popt is rendered in a 3D twin environment, and a phased dynamic display is generated that advances with the time slice sequence Tms to ensure that construction personnel can preview the construction status of the path stage by stage; finally, a 3D publishing result containing construction operation instructions is output for on-site personnel to intuitively understand and execute in a virtual environment.

[0036] In this embodiment, a unique optimal path, Popt, is automatically determined and selected from all candidate paths, and visualized within the 3D digital twin environment of the elevator construction process. Based on the evaluation result set EvaSet, this module first applies a range normalization method to the six metrics (path length Len, bend penalty Cur, occupancy penalty Sat, electromagnetic penalty Emf, maintenance penalty Aca, and conflict count Cnt) in each path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) to eliminate dimensional differences. A weighted linear combination function is then used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value, Val(Pid, Tid), and ultimately select the unique optimal path, Popt. Subsequently, a 3D mapping unit embeds the optimal path, Popt, into the stage scenario set ScnSet, spatially aligns it with the shaft geometry model Geo, the component occupancy model Occ, and the maintenance access model Acs. The resulting 3D dynamic display output evolves over the time slice sequence Tms. This approach effectively addresses the issue in traditional elevator construction where 2D drawings or static models make it difficult for construction workers to intuitively understand the wiring path. For example, in previous actual projects, construction units often selected the wrong channel due to vague descriptions of cable paths, resulting in rework. However, through 3D dynamic publishing of results, construction personnel can directly preview the cable laying direction and the traffic status of each stage in a virtual environment, ensuring that the wiring is completely consistent with the construction sequence, thereby avoiding on-site misunderstandings and rework, and improving construction efficiency and communication accuracy.

[0037] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twins, characterized by: It includes data acquisition and cleaning module, twin modeling fusion module, constraint generation module, path search and conflict detection module, and solution optimization and 3D publishing module; The data acquisition and cleaning module extracts elevator construction-related data from multi-source information such as construction drawings, BIM models, on-site records, and standard specifications, and performs preprocessing to form a standardized data set DatOut and a time slice sequence Tms; The twin modeling fusion module constructs a twin scene Scn synchronized with the on-site construction status based on the standardized data set DatOut and the time slice sequence Tms, and forms a stage scene set ScnSet as the construction stage evolves; The constraint generation module converts specification requirements and physical characteristics into computable wiring constraints, and combines the stage scenario set ScnSet to form a constraint set CstSet that changes dynamically with the stage; The path search and conflict detection module generates a path candidate set PatSet for each routing requirement list Lis in the transit network Net, and performs multi-constraint screening and conflict detection based on the constraint set CstSet and the stage scenario set ScnSet to form an evaluation result set EvaSet; The scheme optimization and 3D publishing module performs constructability determination and comprehensive optimization on the path candidate set PatSet based on the evaluation result set EvaSet, determines the unique optimal path Popt, and performs 3D publishing and execution guidance in the elevator construction 3D model.

2. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and cleaning module includes a data acquisition unit and a standardization processing unit; The data acquisition unit extracts elevator construction related data from multi-source information such as construction drawings, BIM models, on-site records and standard specifications to form a raw data set RawSet; The raw data set RawSet includes the shaft geometry model Geo, the component occupancy model Occ, the construction schedule Sch, the wiring requirement list Lis, the cable physical parameters Par, the safety specification threshold Std and the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc; The shaft geometry model Geo is obtained by combining the BIM model and structural construction drawings from the architectural design phase with on-site laser measurement and 3D scanning result correction; The component occupancy model Occ is obtained through the BIM electromechanical professional model and construction progress records during the construction phase; The construction schedule Sch is obtained by extracting from the construction organization design document and the project management system schedule of the construction unit; The wiring requirement list Lis is obtained by extracting from the electrical construction drawings and the material plan list of the construction company; The cable physical parameter Par is obtained by extracting the product technical specification provided by the cable manufacturer and the technical parameter document in the procurement process; The safety specification threshold Std is obtained by extracting from industry standards and construction acceptance specification documents; The electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc is obtained by extracting the electromagnetic compatibility analysis report and equipment list provided by the electrical design institute.

3. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The standardization processing unit is used to preprocess the raw data set RawSet, and the preprocessing includes space reference correction processing, stage sequence generation processing, parameter unit and specification verification processing, and electromagnetic constraint mapping processing, to obtain the preprocessed standardized data set DatOut and time slice sequence Tms; The spatial reference correction process unifies the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ into a coordinate system with the shaft reference point as the origin by using a three-dimensional coordinate alignment technology; The phase sequence generation process extracts the construction phase nodes and their time ranges in the construction schedule Sch by using the progress parsing technology; then uses the task decomposition technology to map each wiring requirement in the wiring requirement list Lis to the corresponding construction phase; and forms a phase wiring task set TaskSet; Divide the stage wiring task set TaskSet into construction stages to form an ordered time slice sequence Tms; The parameter unit and specification verification process uses unit conversion technology to unify all values ​​of the cable physical parameters Par into a standard unit system; The electromagnetic constraint mapping process uses three-dimensional space projection technology to mark the location and effective radius of the interference source in the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc in the three-dimensional model; Using the stage partitioning technology, the interference area of ​​the interference source is divided according to the time slice sequence Tms to generate electromagnetic sensitive areas that change with the stage.

4. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 3, characterized in that: The twin modeling fusion module includes a twin scene construction processing unit and a computational expression generation processing unit; The twin scene construction processing unit uses the three-dimensional scene reconstruction technology based on the obtained standardized data set DatOut and time slice sequence Tms to load the shaft geometry model Geo and the component occupancy model Occ under a unified coordinate reference to generate the initial twin scene Scn; Then, using the stage instantiation technology, driven by the time slice sequence Tms, the construction schedule Sch and the stage wiring task set TaskSet are mapped to the benchmark twin scenario Scn. The installed, uninstalled and temporary facilities related states of the components in each stage are instantiated, and the stage scenario set ScnSet = {twin scenario Scn(t) | t∈time slice sequence Tms} is generated stage by stage. Finally, the safety specification threshold Std and the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc are written into each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet according to the stage.

5. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The computational expression generation processing unit adopts the grid discretization technology to discretize each twin scene Scn(t) in the stage scene set ScnSet in three dimensions, generates the voxel grid Vox(t) of the twin scene Scn(t) stage, and binds the index relationship with the time slice sequence Tms; Identify the traversable units on each voxel grid Vox(t) obtained, establish the connectivity relationship between nodes and edges, obtain the traversable network Net(t) of each voxel grid Vox(t) stage, bind it to the index relationship of the time slice sequence Tms, and simultaneously define the stage index Idt. Each stage index Idt uniquely corresponds to a time slice t in the time slice sequence Tms. Adopting the stage index selection mechanism, the result of the target stage is selected from the voxel grid Vox(t) and the pass network Net(t) generated by the stage through the stage index Idt, and the voxel grid Vox and the pass network Net with the same stage are provided to the outside world. Finally, the stage index binding mechanism is used to establish a one-to-one binding relationship between the stage index Idt and the twin scene Scn(t), voxel grid Vox(t), and pass network Net(t), forming a mapping: the stage index Idt is bound to {time slice t in the time slice sequence Tms, twin scene Scn(t), voxel grid Vox(t), pass network Net(t)}; Then, based on each time slice t∈time slice sequence Tms, a corresponding twin scene Scn(t) is generated, and all phased scenes are arranged in chronological order to form a phase scene set ScnSet={Scn(t)|t∈Tms}.

6. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constraint generation module includes a constraint element extraction processing unit and a dynamic constraint integration processing unit; The constraint element extraction processing unit converts the safety specification threshold Std, the cable physical parameter Par, the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs into a unified computable form, specifically including processing steps S11, S12 and S13; S11. By using the specification parsing technology, the bridge filling rate and safety distance in the safety specification threshold Std are extracted one by one; The fill rate threshold constraint is numerically expressed as the ratio of the bridge cross-sectional area to the occupied cable cross-sectional area; The minimum allowable distance between the cable centerline and surrounding components or adjacent cables is numerically converted into a safety spacing threshold constraint; Integrate the fill rate threshold constraint and the safety distance threshold constraint to form a computable threshold constraint; S12. By using parameter conversion technology, the minimum bending radius in the cable physical parameter Par is converted into a geometric constraint condition based on the cable outer diameter d: the path bending radius ≥ k·d, where k is the specification coefficient; For the tension in the cable physical parameter Par, the product of the cable cross-sectional area and the material mechanical properties is converted into the mechanical constraint condition: path tension ≤ allowable tension value; The cross-sectional area in the cable physical parameter Par is converted into the conductor cross-sectional area constraint: the lower limit requirement of the current carrying capacity is met; Integrate geometric constraints, mechanical constraints, and conductor cross-sectional area constraints into a physical parameter constraint group; S13. Using spatial accessibility analysis technology, extract the actual width of each maintenance passage in the elevator shaft from the component occupancy model Occ, compare it with the minimum maintenance passage width specified in the specification, and digitize it into a passage width constraint. In the maintenance channel model Acs, the three-dimensional space required for maintenance personnel to stand and operate is extracted, and the spatial overlap relationship with components and cables is calculated and numerically converted into the reachable space range constraint; Combine the channel width constraint and the accessible space range constraint into a maintenance accessibility constraint group; Then, the obtained threshold constraints, physical parameter constraint group and maintenance accessibility constraint group are integrated to obtain the constraint element set CstEle; Among them, the maintenance channel model Acs is obtained by combining construction drawings, BIM personnel channel model and on-site laser scanning or 3D scanning.

7. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic constraint integration processing unit integrates the acquired constraint element set CstEle into the stage scene set ScnSet stage by stage, so that the constraint conditions are instantiated as a constraint set in each construction stage. Specifically, within the twin scene Scn(t) of each stage, the standard threshold constraint group and the physical parameter constraint group are mapped to the corresponding voxel grid Vox(t) and the pass network Net(t), so that the path search meets the construction feasibility in terms of both geometric scale and mechanical performance. The maintenance accessibility constraint group is synchronously embedded in the component occupancy model Occ and the maintenance channel model Acs, so that maintenance personnel can arrive and perform work after path planning. Then, based on the advancement of the time slice sequence Tms, the fusion integration process of the constraint element set CstEle is repeated at different stages, so that all stages in the coverage stage scene set ScnSet correspond to the binding constraint set CstSet.

8. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 7, characterized in that: The path search and conflict detection module includes a path candidate generation processing unit and a multi-constraint screening and conflict detection processing unit; The path candidate generation processing unit instantiates each wiring requirement in the wiring requirement list Lis as a path search task; The specific instantiation process is as follows: According to the starting and ending positions of the cables given in the wiring requirement list Lis, locate the corresponding starting and ending nodes in the traffic network Net; Then, a multi-path search algorithm is used to generate a set of feasible paths from the starting node to the ending node. All generated results are organized according to the routing requirement number to form a path candidate set PatSet; The path candidate set PatSet maintains a one-to-one correspondence with the wiring requirement list Lis.

9. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-constraint screening and conflict detection processing unit performs constraint verification and conflict detection on each of the path candidate sets PatSet; The specific verification and detection contents are as follows: In each twin scenario Scn(Tid) identified by the time slice index Tid, the constraint element set CstEle corresponding to the time slice Tid in the constraint set CstSet is called to perform threshold constraint, physical parameter constraint group and maintenance reachability constraint verification one by one; At the same time, spatial overlap detection is performed on the path candidates in the stage scene set ScnSet, and the conflicts with components and other paths are counted. A path evaluation vector Eva(Pid,Tid) is generated for each path candidate under each time slice index Tid. The path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) includes the path length Len, the bending penalty Cur, the occupancy penalty Sat, the electromagnetic penalty Emf, the maintenance penalty Aca and the conflict count Cnt; After the verification and detection are complete, all evaluation results are organized with the wiring requirement number Pid and the time slice index Tid as double indexes to form the evaluation result set EvaSet; The path length Len represents the sum of the geometric lengths of all edge segments of the candidate path in the pass network Net(Tid); The bending penalty Cur is a measure of the difference between the actual bending radius of the candidate path at the turning point and the minimum allowable bending radius in the cable physical parameter Par; The occupancy penalty Sat represents a measure of the difference between the spatial occupancy rate of the candidate path within the cable tray or channel cross section and the maximum allowable fill rate specified in the safety specification threshold Std; The electromagnetic penalty Emf represents the amount by which the electromagnetic interference intensity generated by the candidate path exceeds the allowable threshold within the range of the electromagnetic sensitivity list Emc; The maintenance penalty Aca represents the degree to which the candidate path hinders the minimum reachable space and operation space of the maintenance channel model Acs; The conflict count Cnt represents the number of geometric overlaps between the candidate path and components or other paths in the stage scene Scn(Tid).

10. The three-dimensional visualization management system for elevator construction based on digital twin according to claim 9, characterized in that: The solution preferably includes a path selection unit and a three-dimensional mapping unit with a three-dimensional publishing module; The path selection unit normalizes the six indicators in each path evaluation vector Eva(Pid, Tid) based on the evaluation result set EvaSet to eliminate the dimensional differences between different indicators, and performs weighted comprehensive calculation on the six normalized indicators to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value Val(Pid, Tid); Synchronously sort all comprehensive evaluation values ​​Val(Pid,Tid) from large to small, and select the first one as the optimal path Popt; The 3D mapping unit embeds the selected optimal path Popt into the digital twin 3D environment of the elevator construction, realizing spatial mapping, dynamic visualization and issuing guidance of the path during the construction phase; Specifically, the optimal path Popt is loaded into the stage scene set ScnSet, and the path geometry trajectory is spatially aligned with the well geometry model Geo, component occupancy model Occ, and maintenance channel model Acs of the construction environment; The optimal path Popt is then rendered in three dimensions in a three-dimensional twin environment, and a phased dynamic display is generated as the time slice sequence Tms progresses.

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