Multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combined operation table and optometry method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combined operation table and a use method thereof. The operating platform comprises a mechanical main body structure, a posture sensing system and a central processing and control unit. The mechanical main body structure comprises an optometry chair driven by a rotating disc, a lifting mechanism and an electric rotating shaft, and the posture sensing system is composed of a sitting and leaning posture recognition mechanism used for recognizing body postures and a head posture recognition mechanism used for capturing head movement. The central processing and control unit judges the posture of the optometry person according to the sensing data, and if the posture does not meet the preset standard, the seat height, the backrest angle and the horizontal position are adjusted through voice prompt and an automatic driving mechanism; when the posture reaches the standard, the optometry equipment is automatically controlled to complete operation, automatic and accurate correction of the posture before optometry and intelligentization of the optometry process are achieved, and the accuracy and efficiency of optometry results are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention specifically relates to a multifunctional automatic integrated optometry combination operating table and its optometry method. Background Technology

[0002] Visual health is an important component of national health, and optometry, as a core step in assessing visual acuity, is crucial for its accuracy and efficiency. A comprehensive optometry unit is a key piece of equipment in a modern optometry room, typically including an optometry chair, optometry equipment stands, and various adjustment mechanisms.

[0003] Currently, most integrated optometry tables on the market rely on manual or semi-automatic adjustment. For example, Chinese invention patent CN201920947954.1 discloses a wall-mounted integrated optometry table, which can be raised and lowered by operating a lead screw motor. Another common improvement, as shown in CN202210411360.5, uses a lifting structure to adjust the height of the optometry instrument. However, these devices still have significant shortcomings in the pre-examination posture positioning stage. The operation process relies entirely on the optometrist's visual observation and verbal instructions to guide the optometrist in adjusting their sitting and head posture, which is not only inefficient but also highly susceptible to human judgment errors. Incorrect posture, head tilt, or tilting of the optometrist can cause their eyes to misalign with the optical axis of the optometry equipment, thus seriously affecting the accuracy and repeatability of the optometry results.

[0004] To partially address these issues, some attempts have emerged in existing technologies to introduce automated detection. For example, some solutions propose installing distance sensors or simple angle sensors on the optometry chair to detect whether the body is pressed firmly against the chair back. Other solutions use ordinary cameras for facial recognition to roughly locate the head position. However, these solutions have limited perception dimensions and significant limitations: distance or angle sensors cannot comprehensively assess complex body postures; ordinary cameras have poor stability in complex lighting conditions and cannot acquire accurate depth information, making it difficult to accurately and reliably determine key posture parameters such as slight head rotations, whether the spine is centered, and whether the line connecting the eyes is parallel to the optical axis.

[0005] Furthermore, existing automated solutions generally suffer from a disconnect between the "sensing, prompting, and adjustment" stages. When the system detects poor posture, it typically only issues a warning through sound or light, while the actual adjustments still require the optometrist to understand and complete them, or the optometrist to manually operate the equipment. This process often requires multiple repetitions, which is particularly difficult for children, the elderly, or those with mobility issues, resulting in a poor experience and ultimately failing to achieve the high-precision standard posture required for refraction. Throughout the entire process, posture correction and the activation of the optometry equipment are separate, failing to form a seamless automated closed loop. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated solution that can automatically, accurately, and comprehensively sense and guide the optometrist's posture, and can intelligently link with optometry equipment. This solution aims to fundamentally ensure the accuracy of optometry data collection at the source and improve the overall optometry efficiency and user experience through a multi-functional automatic integrated optometry combination operating table.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table includes: The main mechanical structure includes a base, a turntable structure mounted on the base, a lifting mechanism supported by the turntable structure, an optometry chair connected to the lifting mechanism, and an electric rotating shaft structure located on the back of the optometry chair. The posture perception system includes a sitting posture recognition mechanism for recognizing sitting posture and a head posture recognition mechanism for recognizing head posture. The central processing and control unit has its signal input terminal connected to the attitude sensing system, and its signal output terminal connected to the turntable structure, lifting mechanism, electric rotating shaft structure, optometry equipment and a voice prompt module, respectively. The central processing and control unit is configured to: determine the optometrist's posture based on the data from the posture perception system; if the posture does not meet the preset standard, issue a prompt through the voice prompt module and drive the lifting mechanism and / or electric rotating shaft structure to make adjustments; when the posture meets the standard, automatically control the optometry equipment to perform optometry operations.

[0008] Preferably, the sitting posture recognition mechanism includes an active depth camera for constructing a real-time three-dimensional point cloud model of the optometrist's upper body; the central processing and control unit, based on the three-dimensional point cloud data, identifies the position of the optometrist's shoulder and spine midline through a skeletal key point extraction algorithm, and compares it with a preset standard sitting posture model to generate sitting posture deviation data.

[0009] Preferably, the sitting posture recognition mechanism further includes a distributed pressure sensor array embedded in the seat cushion and backrest of the optometry chair for detecting the pressure distribution center; the central processing and control unit verifies the correctness of the posture adjustment result based on depth camera data by analyzing whether the pressure distribution center is within a preset symmetrical area.

[0010] Preferably, the head posture recognition mechanism includes a near-infrared miniature camera, which is set near the headrest of the optometry chair to capture the fine movements of the optometrist's eyes and head; the central processing and control unit uses a pupil tracking algorithm to determine whether the head is stationary and whether the line connecting the eyes is parallel to the optical axis of the optometry device.

[0011] Preferably, the central processing and control unit continuously captures the pupil position using a near-infrared miniature camera, calculates the angle between the vector connecting the two eyes and the horizontal plane and the deflection angle with the optical axis of the optometry device; when the pitch angle and deflection angle are both less than a preset tolerance threshold within N consecutive sampling periods, the head posture is determined to be stable.

[0012] Preferably, the head posture recognition mechanism and the sitting posture recognition mechanism are integrated into a rotatable posture recognition mechanism, which includes an active depth camera and a near-infrared miniature camera mounted on an optometry bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the central processing and control unit is configured to perform phased adjustments: first, based on the data from the sitting posture recognition mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the electric rotating shaft structure are driven to perform preliminary adjustments to the sitting posture, and voice guidance is performed simultaneously; after the sitting posture meets the standard, the head posture is then finely judged and guided based on the data from the head posture recognition mechanism, and the turntable structure can be finely adjusted to assist in aligning with the optical axis.

[0014] Preferably, the drive motors of the turntable structure, lifting mechanism and electric shaft structure are all servo motors or stepper motors, and the central processing and control unit achieves precise position control by controlling the number of pulses of the motor.

[0015] Preferably, the optometry device is an automatic computer optometry instrument or a comprehensive optometry instrument, which interacts with the central processing and control unit through a standard communication protocol to exchange instructions and data, so that the optometry results can be automatically associated and the current final adjusted posture data can be recorded.

[0016] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for performing refraction using the multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table as described above, comprising the following steps: The optometrist sits down, the system initializes, and the posture perception system is activated. The central processing and control unit performs initial posture calibration and generates deviation data based on the data from the sitting posture recognition mechanism. The control unit automatically drives the lifting mechanism and electric rotating shaft structure to make adjustments, and simultaneously guides the optometrist through the voice prompt module; After the initial adjustment of the sitting posture is completed, the system judges the head stability based on the data from the head posture recognition mechanism; If the head is not stable, the system provides detailed guidance via voice and can fine-tune the turntable structure to assist in alignment; Once the sitting and head postures are both within acceptable limits, the system will automatically trigger the optometry equipment to complete the optometry. After the eye exam is completed, the system generates a report and resets the optician's chair to the standby position.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By integrating a multimodal posture perception system with depth vision, near-infrared vision, and body pressure sensing, this system enables comprehensive and three-dimensional precise measurements from macroscopic sitting posture to microscopic head angles. This ensures that each patient is guided to the optimal standard posture, strictly aligned with the optical axis of the optometry equipment, minimizing measurement errors caused by improper posture and making optometry results more clinically valuable and comparable. A smart closed-loop control system of "perception-decision-execution-verification" is constructed, significantly improving optometry efficiency and automation. This invention seamlessly integrates posture recognition, intelligent algorithm decision-making, automatic mechanical adjustment, and voice guidance, achieving full automation from posture assessment to final optometry triggering. This greatly reduces the workload of optometrists, freeing them from repetitive posture correction work and allowing them to focus more on diagnosis. Simultaneously, the entire process is fast and smooth, significantly shortening the time per optometry session and improving the service efficiency of the optometry room.

[0018] It provides an intuitive and user-friendly human-computer interaction experience, significantly improving user comfort and cooperation, especially for people with special needs. The system combines clear voice prompts with automated seat adjustments, offering a gentle and easy-to-understand guidance method. Users no longer need to struggle with repeated verbal instructions from the optometrist, making adjustments easier. This "device-assisted" guidance method greatly reduces their anxiety and operational difficulty, especially for children, the elderly, or those with lower comprehension levels, allowing them to better cooperate throughout the entire eye exam and ensuring a smooth testing process.

[0019] The robustness and fault tolerance of the system are enhanced through multi-sensor data fusion and cross-validation mechanisms. Mutual verification of posture judgment using depth camera point cloud data and pressure sensor array data effectively avoids erroneous adjustments caused by single-sensor misjudgments (such as visual algorithm deviations due to clothing occlusion), ensuring accurate and safe control decisions. This redundant design significantly improves the system's reliability and practicality.

[0020] This system achieves full recording and traceability of optometry process data, providing a data foundation for precision medicine. It can associate and store the final successful optometry result with the corresponding precise posture data (such as seat height, backrest angle, and pupil position). This not only provides detailed data support for subsequent follow-up examinations and comparisons but also provides valuable data samples for clinical research in optometry, helping to explore the intrinsic relationship between different physiological postures and visual performance. The modular and integrated design philosophy makes the device feature-rich yet easy to operate. This invention highly integrates functions such as turntable, lifting, tilt adjustment, and multimodal sensing into a unified control platform, resulting in a compact structure and powerful functionality. Users (optometrists) only need to start the system with one click; subsequent processes are automatically completed by the system, reducing the operational complexity of the device and facilitating its widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the standby state of the multifunctional automatic integrated optometry combination operating console of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram showing the usage state of the multifunctional automatic integrated optometry combination operating console of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Example See Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a multifunctional automatic integrated optometry combination operating table, the core of which is to realize the automatic correction of the optometrist's posture and the automation of the optometry process through multi-sensor fusion and intelligent control.

[0024] The main mechanical structure of the operating table includes a base 1. A turntable structure 2 is mounted on the base 1, driven by a servo motor, allowing for precise rotation within ±15 degrees in the horizontal plane. The turntable structure 2 supports a lifting mechanism 3, which employs an electric push rod system, also driven by a servo motor, enabling smooth vertical lifting of the optometry chair 4, with an adjustment range of approximately 400mm to 600mm. The optometry chair 4 is connected to the lifting mechanism 3 via a flange. Its backrest integrates an electric rotating shaft structure 5, which uses a precision worm gear transmission driven by a stepper motor, allowing for stepless tilt adjustment of the backrest within the range of 85° to 150°.

[0025] On one side of the optometry chair 4, a rigid optometry bracket 6 is provided, on which an automatic computerized refractometer, serving as the optometry device 7, is mounted. The optometry device 7 is connected to the central processing and control unit via an RS-485 communication bus.

[0026] The sensing system of the control panel, namely the attitude sensing system, includes: Seated posture recognition mechanism: In this embodiment, the mechanism consists of an active depth camera 81 (Intel RealSense D435i) mounted above the optometry stand 6 and a distributed pressure sensor array 83 (composed of 16 thin-film pressure sensors arranged in a 4x4 grid) embedded under the sponge layer of the seat cushion and backrest of the optometry chair 4. The depth camera 81 is responsible for acquiring depth images of the upper body of the optometrist and generating a real-time 3D point cloud model.

[0027] Head posture recognition mechanism: In this embodiment, the mechanism consists of a near-infrared miniature camera 82 (a CMOS sensor camera with near-infrared supplementary light), which is embedded in the center of the headrest of the optometry chair 4. The lens is aimed at the back of the optometrist's head and ear area, and is used to capture fine movements of the eyes and head without interference from ambient visible light.

[0028] All data lines from the sensors (81, 82, 83) are connected to the central processing and control unit. This unit is the "brain" of the system, and in this embodiment, it is implemented using an embedded industrial computer (based on an ARM Cortex-A series processor). Its signal output terminals are connected to the drive motors of the turntable structure 2, the lifting mechanism 3, and the electric shaft structure 5, respectively, through their respective motor drivers. It is also connected to a voice prompt module, which includes an audio decoding chip and a small speaker.

[0029] The central processing and control unit is pre-installed with its dedicated control software, which is configured to execute the following processes to implement the refraction method: System initialization and seating detection: After the optometrist is seated, the operator starts the system via the touchscreen interface. Each module of the system performs a power-on self-test. Upon detecting a continuous pressure signal, the distributed pressure sensor array 83 determines that the optometrist is in position and activates the entire system. Posture calibration and coarse adjustment: The active depth camera 81 starts working, collecting depth data and generating a 3D point cloud; the control software runs a skeleton key point extraction algorithm (using an optimized version of frameworks such as OpenPose or MediaPipe) to identify key skeletal points such as the optometrist's shoulders and the midline of the spine from the point cloud. The real-time 3D coordinates of these key points are compared with the standard sitting posture model in the pre-existing system (which defines the ideal shoulder level, the fit between the spine and the chair back, etc.) to generate sitting posture deviation data (ΔY height deviation, Δθ angle deviation, ΔX horizontal position deviation). Simultaneously, the software reads data from the pressure sensor array 83 and calculates the pressure distribution center. This data is used for cross-validation: if the depth vision determines that the body is centered, but the pressure center is still significantly deviated from the preset symmetrical area, the system prioritizes trusting the pressure data for fine-tuning and records this anomaly for subsequent algorithm optimization.

[0030] Based on the final deviation data, the central processing and control units execute synchronously: Send pulse commands to the servo driver of lifting mechanism 3 to adjust the seat height (eliminate ΔY); A pulse command is sent to the stepper driver of the electric rotating shaft structure 5 to adjust the backrest angle (eliminate Δθ). During this period, the voice prompt module plays guiding voice messages such as "Please move your body slightly with the seat and keep your back relaxed and in good condition" to assist the optometrist in making adjustments (to help eliminate ΔX).

[0031] Once the sitting posture meets the preset standard (deviation values ​​are all within the tolerance range), the system enters the head posture adjustment stage; the near-infrared miniature camera 82 is activated to capture pupil images at a high frame rate (e.g., 60fps); the control software runs a pupil tracking algorithm to accurately locate the center of the pupils of both eyes and calculate the vector of the line connecting the two eyes; the software calculates in real time the pitch angle of this vector with respect to the horizontal plane, as well as the deflection angle of this vector with respect to the optical axis of the optometry device 7 on the horizontal plane.

[0032] The system sets a tolerance threshold (e.g., both pitch and yaw angles are less than 1.5 degrees) and requires this state to remain stable for 10 consecutive sampling periods (approximately 167 ms). Only when both conditions are met is the head posture determined to be in a "stable state." If the eye does not reach a stable state within a preset time (e.g., 15 seconds), the voice prompt module will provide targeted and detailed guidance, such as "Please gently lower your forehead" or "Please turn your head slightly to the left." At the same time, the system can drive the turntable structure 2 to make slight movements (e.g., ±2 degrees) to help guide the optometrist's eyes into the optical axis alignment area. Once both the sitting posture and head posture are deemed "compliant," the central processing and control unit sends a "start refraction" command to the optometry device 7 via the RS-485 bus; the optometry device 7 then executes the fully automated refraction process. After the refraction is completed, the device transmits the result data (such as spherical lens, cylindrical lens, axis, etc.) back to the central processing and control unit.

[0033] The control unit links this optometry result with the final posture snapshot data recorded during this adjustment (including the final seat height, backrest angle, turntable position, etc.), generates a comprehensive report, and stores it in a local database or prints it out. This report provides valuable data correlation information for subsequent follow-up examinations or clinical research.

[0034] System Reset: After the entire optometry process is completed, the system automatically drives the lifting mechanism 3, the electric rotating shaft structure 5, and the turntable structure 2 to restore the optometry chair 4 to the preset standby position, ready to welcome the next optometry patient.

[0035] The above embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto. All other modifications, substitutions or alterations made to the above structure of the present invention based on the above content of the present invention, in accordance with ordinary technical knowledge and common practice in the field, without departing from the basic technical idea of ​​the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table, characterized in that, include: The main mechanical structure includes a base, a turntable structure mounted on the base, a lifting mechanism supported by the turntable structure, an optometry chair connected to the lifting mechanism, and an electric rotating shaft structure located on the back of the optometry chair. The posture perception system includes a sitting posture recognition mechanism for recognizing sitting posture and a head posture recognition mechanism for recognizing head posture. The central processing and control unit has its signal input terminal connected to the attitude sensing system, and its signal output terminal connected to the turntable structure, lifting mechanism, electric rotating shaft structure, optometry equipment and a voice prompt module, respectively. The central processing and control unit is configured to: determine the optometrist's posture based on the data from the posture perception system; if the posture does not meet the preset standard, issue a prompt through the voice prompt module and drive the lifting mechanism and / or electric rotating shaft structure to make adjustments; when the posture meets the standard, automatically control the optometry equipment to perform optometry operations.

2. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sitting posture recognition mechanism includes an active depth camera used to construct a real-time three-dimensional point cloud model of the optometrist's upper body; the central processing and control unit, based on the three-dimensional point cloud data, identifies the position of the optometrist's shoulders and midline of the spine through a skeletal key point extraction algorithm, and compares it with a preset standard sitting posture model to generate sitting posture deviation data.

3. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sitting posture recognition mechanism also includes a distributed pressure sensor array embedded in the seat cushion and backrest of the optometry chair for detecting the pressure distribution center; the central processing and control unit verifies the correctness of the posture adjustment result based on depth camera data by analyzing whether the pressure distribution center is within a preset symmetrical area.

4. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The head posture recognition mechanism includes a near-infrared miniature camera, which is set near the headrest of the optometry chair to capture the fine movements of the optometrist's eyes and head; the central processing and control unit uses a pupil tracking algorithm to determine whether the head is stationary and whether the line connecting the eyes is parallel to the optical axis of the optometry equipment.

5. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central processing and control unit continuously captures the pupil position through a near-infrared miniature camera, calculates the angle between the vector connecting the two eyes and the horizontal plane and the deflection angle with the optical axis of the optometry device; when the pitch angle and deflection angle are both less than the preset tolerance threshold within N consecutive sampling periods, the head posture is determined to be stable.

6. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The head posture recognition mechanism and the sitting posture recognition mechanism are integrated into a rotatable posture recognition mechanism, which includes an active depth camera and a near-infrared miniature camera mounted on an optometry bracket.

7. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing and control unit is configured to perform phased adjustments: first, based on the data from the sitting posture recognition mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the electric rotating shaft structure are driven to perform preliminary adjustments to the sitting posture, and voice guidance is provided simultaneously; after the sitting posture meets the standard, the head posture is then finely judged and guided based on the data from the head posture recognition mechanism, and the turntable structure can be finely adjusted to assist in aligning with the optical axis.

8. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motors for the turntable structure, lifting mechanism, and electric shaft structure are all servo motors or stepper motors. The central processing and control unit achieves precise position control by controlling the number of pulses of the motor.

9. The multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optometry device is an automatic computer optometry instrument or a comprehensive optometry instrument. It interacts with the central processing and control unit through a standard communication protocol to exchange instructions and data, so that the optometry results can be automatically associated and the current posture data after final adjustment can be recorded.

10. A method for performing refraction using the multifunctional automatic comprehensive optometry combination operating table as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The optometrist sits down, the system initializes, and the posture perception system is activated. The central processing and control unit performs initial posture calibration and generates deviation data based on the data from the sitting posture recognition mechanism. The control unit automatically drives the lifting mechanism and electric rotating shaft structure to make adjustments, and simultaneously guides the optometrist through the voice prompt module; After the initial adjustment of the sitting posture is completed, the system judges the head stability based on the data from the head posture recognition mechanism; If the head is not stable, the system provides detailed guidance via voice and can fine-tune the turntable structure to assist in alignment; Once the sitting and head postures are both within acceptable limits, the system will automatically trigger the optometry equipment to complete the optometry. After the eye exam is completed, the system generates a report and resets the optician's chair to the standby position.

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