Polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A wireless device may generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting information bits and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits into a demultiplexer; and performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits. Performing the constellation operation may include: generating a first set of coded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a polarization encoder; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and the transmit power parameter; and generating a set of output bits based on the first set of coded bits and the set of shaped bits. Further, the wireless device may perform an error correction encoding (ECE) operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate encoded bits; and transmitting the encoded bits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following pertains to wireless communications, including polarization coding schemes used for constellation shaping. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, and broadcasting. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0003] In some examples, a wireless device (e.g., a UE or network entity) may perform constellation shaping on a set of information bits, such that high-power symbols are transmitted at a lower frequency than low-power symbols in an effort to reduce power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The described technology relates to methods, systems, apparatus, and devices that support improvements to polar coding schemes for constellation shaping. The method may include obtaining a set of information bits from a transmitting device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) or network entity) (e.g., from its memory or from another component communicating with the device), and inputting the set of information bits and a set of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits into a demultiplexer to generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits. The transmitting device may perform constellation shaping on the first set of bits. As part of the constellation shaping, the transmitting device may input the first set of bits into a polar encoder to generate a first set of decoded bits.

[0005] Additionally, as part of constellation shaping, the transmitting device may generate a set of shaped bits based on a power-saving analysis performed on the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits, and generate output bits (e.g., a shaped version of the first set of decoded bits) based on the power-saving analysis. The transmitting device may input the output bits and the second set of bits into an error-correcting encoder and transmit the coded bits to a receiving device. The receiving device may receive the coded bits and utilize a polarization decoder to obtain the set of information bits. In some cases, introducing the polarization encoder can improve the robustness and performance of the constellation shaping operation.

[0006] A method for wireless communication at a first device is described. The method may include: generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer; performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; generating a set of output bits based at least partially on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits; performing an error correction coding (ECE) operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits; and transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device is described. The apparatus may include: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory. These instructions may be executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer; perform a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein the instructions for performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: generate a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generate a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; generate a set of output bits based at least partially on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits; perform an ECE operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits; and transmit the set of coded bits.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first device is described. The apparatus may include: means for generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer; means for performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein the means for performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits includes: means for generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; means for generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; means for generating a set of output bits based at least partially on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits; means for performing an ECE operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits; and means for transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first device is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer; perform a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein the instructions for performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits can be executed to: generate a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generate a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; generate a set of output bits based at least in part on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits; perform an ECE operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits; and transmit the set of coded bits.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of output bits may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: generating a second set of decoded bits based on inputting the set of shaped bits into a second encoder, wherein the code type associated with the second encoder includes polar codes; and applying a Boolean function to the second set of decoded bits and the first set of decoded bits to generate the set of output bits.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the second set of decoded bits may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: mapping the set of integer bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability lower than that associated with the first set of component channels, wherein the logical value of each bit in the third set of bits includes zero, and wherein the length of the third set of bits may be based on the length of the first set of bits.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the number of component channels included in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels may be based on the length associated with the polar code.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the Boolean function includes the XOR function.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first set of decoded bits may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: mapping the first set of bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability that is higher than that associated with the first set of component channels, wherein the logical value of each bit in the third set of bits includes zero, and wherein the length of the third set of bits may be based on the length of the set of integer bits.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the number of component channels included in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels may be based on the length associated with the polar code.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing a power-saving process based on the first set of decoded bits, wherein the set of generated integer bits may be based on the power-saving process.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, performing the power-saving process may include operations, features, components, or instructions for inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits into a table in a row-first-column manner, wherein the table includes a number of columns that may be based on the length of the first set of decoded bits and a number of rows that may be based on the modulation order used for communication between the first device and the second device.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, performing the power-saving process may include operations, features, components, or instructions for inputting a set of padding bits into a table after inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits, wherein the length of the set of padding bits may be based on the difference between the length of the combination of the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits and the length of the set of encoded bits.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, performing the power-saving process may include operations, features, components, or instructions for calculating a corresponding transmit power parameter for each column of the table, wherein the one or more transmit power parameters include the corresponding transmit power parameter.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, calculating the corresponding transmit power parameter may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: determining a first transmit power for the first column based on a logic value of a first bit in a first row of a first column and a logic value of a second bit in a second row of the first column; inverting the logic value of the first bit; and determining a second transmit power for the first column based on the inverted logic value of the first bit and the logic value of the second bit, wherein the corresponding transmit power parameter includes the difference between the second transmit power and the first transmit power.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first bit corresponds to the most significant bit (MSB) of a symbol.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a control message indicating a decoding rate associated with the set of integer bits, wherein the length of the set of integer bits may be based on the decoding rate.

[0023] A method for wireless communication at a second device is described. The method may include: receiving a set of coded bits; generating a first set of bits based on performing an error-correcting decoding (ECD) operation on the set of coded bits; generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein performing the constellation deshaping operation may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based at least partially on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code; and generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0024] An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device is described. The apparatus may include: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory. These instructions may be executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a set of coded bits; generate a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits; generate a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; perform a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein the instructions for performing the constellation deshaping operation are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to generate a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits, at least partially based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code; and generate a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0025] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a second device is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving a set of coded bits; means for generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits; means for generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; means for performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein the means for performing the constellation deshaping operation includes means for generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based at least partially on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code; and means for generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a second device is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a set of coded bits; generate a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits; generate a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; perform a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein instructions for performing the constellation deshaping operation can be executed to: generate a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based at least partially on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code; and generate a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0027] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining the length of the fifth set of bits based at least in part on the difference between the length of the first set of bits and the length of the set of shaped bits, wherein the length of the first set of bits may be based on a first decoding rate used by a second decoder to perform the ECD operation.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining the length of the set of integer bits based on a second decoding rate associated with the set of integer bits and a length associated with the polar code.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the length associated with the polar code may be a multiple of the number of resource elements (REs) allocated to the set of coded bits.

[0030] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a first control message indicating a modulation and decoding scheme (MCS) table, wherein the MCS table includes indications of a set of multiple decoding rates, the set of multiple decoding rates including the first decoding rate and the second decoding rate; and transmitting a second control message including a first index and a second index of the MCS table, the first index and the second index respectively identifying the first decoding rate and the second decoding rate. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 and Figure 2An example of a wireless communication system supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0032] Figure 3 An example of a transmitter component diagram supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0033] Figure 4 An example of a receiver component diagram supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0034] Figure 5 An example of a process flow for a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0035] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A block diagram of a device supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0036] Figure 8 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0037] Figure 9 A diagram is shown of a system including a UE that supports a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 10 A diagram is shown of a system comprising network entities supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0039] Figures 11 to 14 A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In some examples, wireless devices (e.g., user equipment (UE) or network entities) may utilize constellation shaping. Constellation shaping allows the wireless device to manipulate information bits such that symbols associated with high transmit power are transmitted at a lower frequency than symbols associated with low transmit power. One type of constellation shaping can be probabilistic amplitude shaping. During probabilistic amplitude shaping, the wireless device can feed information bits into a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) generator, and the LLR generator can determine potential power savings after bitmasking the most significant bit (MSB) of the information bits. Furthermore, the LLR generator, together with the shaping decoder, can generate shaped bits indicating whether a bitmask is applied to the MSB.

[0041] Using shaping bits, a shaping encoder can manipulate or shape information bits so that the probability of transmitting high-power symbols is lower than the probability of transmitting low-power symbols. However, the assumptions of the LLR generator are very ideal and may not work properly with the shaping encoder. Furthermore, the receiving device can receive both the shaping bits and the information bits. Currently, the shaping bits are not considered when determining the transport block (TB) size. Therefore, new methods for determining the TB size could be beneficial at the receiving device.

[0042] As described herein, the wireless device can utilize a polar encoder prior to LLR generation to ensure alignment between the constellation shaping operation and the shaping encoder. During constellation shaping, the wireless device can split information bits into a first set of bits (e.g., MSB) and a second set of bits (e.g., remaining information bits). The wireless device can input this first set of bits into a first encoder that utilizes a polar code and has a length based on the number of decoded bits from the error correction encoder and the modulation order utilized by the wireless device. At the first encoder, the wireless device can map the first set of bits to the lowest reliability channel and map the third set of bits (e.g., bits with logic values ​​of zero) to the remaining reliability channel. The output from the first encoder can be the first set of decoded bits.

[0043] Furthermore, the wireless device can input a first set of decoded bits and a second set of bits into an LLR generator. The LLR generator can determine potential power savings after bitmasking the first set of decoded bits. Additionally, the LLR generator, together with a first decoder, can generate an integer bit indicating whether a bitmask should be applied to the first set of decoded bits, and this integer bit can be input into a second encoder that utilizes polar codes and has the same length as the first encoder. The output from the second encoder can be an output bit, which can then be input together with the first set of decoded bits into an XOR function (e.g., an XOR logic gate) to generate the second set of decoded bits. The wireless device can then perform error correction coding (ECE) on the combination of the second set of decoded bits and the second set of bits, and transmit the coded bits to a receiving device. The receiving device can perform a similar process to receive information bits.

[0044] The aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. Additional aspects are described in the context of receiver component diagrams, transmitter component diagrams, and process flow diagrams. The aspects of this disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts related to polarization coding schemes used for constellation shaping.

[0045] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0046] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100 and may include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, mobility element, radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other names. In some examples, network entity 105 and UE 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, network entity 105 may support coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) within which UE 115 and network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area within which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0047] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are illustrated herein. The UE 115 described herein can be able to support various types of devices, such as... Figure 1 The other UE 115 or network entity 105 shown communicates.

[0048] As described herein, a node in the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, apparatus, device, computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be UE 115. Alternatively, a node may be network entity 105. Alternatively, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second or third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different from these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., may include disclosures of UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0049] In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 or with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. Backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, or fronthaul communication link 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof. UE 115 can communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0050] One or more network entities in network entity 105 described herein may include or be referred to as base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation Node B or gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home Node B, home evolved Node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, self-contained) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0051] In some examples, network entity 105 may be implemented in a decomposed architecture (e.g., a decomposed base station architecture, a decomposed RAN architecture) that can be configured to utilize protocol stacks physically or logically distributed across two or more network entities 105 (such as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) network, an Open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a Virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a Cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a Central Unit (CU) 160, a Distributed Unit (DU) 165, a Radio Unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near-real-time RIC, a non-real-time RIC), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. 170 may also be referred to as a radio headend, intelligent radio headend, remote radio headend (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmit / receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0052] The functional splitting among CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functions depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a protocol stack functional splitting can be used between CU 160 and DU 165, allowing CU 160 to support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and DU 165 to support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 can host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functions and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). CU 160 can connect to one or more DU 165 or RU 170, and one or more DU 165 or RU 170 can host lower protocol layer functions, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer) functions and signaling, and each can be at least partially controlled by CU 160. Alternatively or additionally, a protocol stack functional split can be employed between DU 165 and RU 170, such that DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU 165 can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RU 170). In some cases, functional decomposition between CU 160 and DU 165, or between DU 165 and RU 170, can be performed within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer can be performed by different of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 can be further functionally decomposed into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165s via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 can be connected to one or more RU 170s via fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the midhaul communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, which are supported by the corresponding network entities 105 that communicate via these communication links.

[0053] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DU 165s or one or more RU 170s may be partially controlled by one or more CU 160s associated with donor network entity 105 (e.g., donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., those of RU 170) for access to IAB node 104 via DU 165 of IAB node 104. (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0054] When the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to support polarization coding schemes for constellation shaping as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) can additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0055] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a cell, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0056] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0057] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of RF spectrum resources that define the physical layer structure used to support the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices can refer to communication between these devices and any part of network entity 105 (e.g., entity, sub-entity). For example, the terms “send,” “receive,” or “communicate” when referring to network entity 105 can refer to any part of the RAN’s network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU160, DU 165, RU 170) communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0058] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element (RE) may refer to the resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each RE may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of REs (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high-order modulation scheme can correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources can increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0059] The time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period. seconds, of which This can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, while The supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size can be represented. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0060] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period is associated with a (number) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0061] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0062] Physical channels can be multiplexed using various techniques to enable communication using carriers. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via downlink carriers. The control region of a physical control channel (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) can be defined by a set of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth of a carrier or a subset of that bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 can monitor or search control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates can refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set used to transmit control information to a specific UE 115.

[0063] In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various coverage areas 110.

[0064] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritizing services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0065] In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to support direct communication with other UE 115s via device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocols). In some examples, one or more UE 115s performing D2D communication in a group may be within the coverage area 110 of network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UE 115s in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some examples, the group of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UE 115s in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources used for D2D communication. In other examples, D2D communication may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0066] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or a combination of these. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal control, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0067] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transferred through user plane entities, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. User plane entities may connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0068] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the High Frequency (HF) or Very High Frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0069] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation using unlicensed frequency bands may be combined with component carriers operating using licensed frequency bands in a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA). Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0070] Network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0071] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device by the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer can be IP-based. The RLC layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for transmission via logical channels. The MAC layer performs priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also implement error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmission and improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer provides the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between the UE 115 and network entity 105 or core network 130 that support user plane data radio bearers. The PHY layer maps transport channels to physical channels.

[0073] As described herein, a transmitting device (e.g., UE 115 or network entity 105) may utilize a polar encoder during constellation shaping. In some examples, the transmitting device may read a set of information bits from its memory and input that set of information bits, along with a set of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits, into a demultiplexer to generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits. Furthermore, the transmitting device may perform constellation shaping on the first set of bits. As part of this constellation shaping, the transmitting device may input the first set of bits into a polar encoder to generate a first set of decoded bits.

[0074] Additionally, as part of constellation shaping, the transmitting device may generate a set of shaped bits based on a power-saving analysis performed on the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits, and generate output bits (e.g., a shaped version of the first set of decoded bits) based on the power-saving analysis. Finally, the transmitting device may input the output bits and the second set of bits into an error correction encoder and transmit the coded bits to a receiving device. The receiving device may receive the coded bits and utilize a polarization decoder to obtain the set of information bits. In some cases, introducing the polarization encoder can improve the robustness and performance of the constellation shaping operation.

[0075] Figure 2 Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may support aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a wireless device 205, which may be as described in the reference... Figure 1 An example of UE115 or network entity 105 described.

[0076] In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may support wireless device 205-a and wireless device 205-b. Wireless device 205-a and wireless device 205-b can be examples of a UE or a network entity. Figure 2 In the example, wireless device 205-a may include a transmitting device and wireless device 205-b may include a receiving device. In such an example, wireless device 205-a may include one or more components configured to send signaling to wireless device 205-b, and wireless device 205-b may include one or more components configured to receive signaling from wireless device 205-a.

[0077] To send signaling to wireless device 205-b, wireless device 205-a may perform one or more operations. For example, wireless device 205-a may perform constellation shaping. Constellation shaping allows wireless device 205-a to manipulate information bits such that the probability of transmitting lower power symbols is higher than that of transmitting lower power symbols. An example of constellation shaping can be geometric shaping. During geometric shaping, constellation points may be unevenly distributed (e.g., in one or two dimensions). For example, more constellation points may be located in areas of small amplitude, and fewer constellation points may be clustered in areas of high amplitude. During geometric shaping, a search may be performed via numerical or any other heuristic or machine learning method. In some examples, geometric shaping may result in high demodulation complexity on the receiver side. Furthermore, geometric shaping may be associated with lower gain when compared to other types of constellation shaping (e.g., probabilistic shaping).

[0078] Another type of constellation shaping can be probabilistic shaping. During probabilistic shaping, a distribution mapper can be applied to the information bits. The distribution mapper transforms the information bits into symbols with a desired distribution. In some examples, this desired distribution can be a distribution that produces the desired signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (e.g., a tunable SNR-specific symbol distribution) or a distribution that produces the desired transmit power. For example, the distribution can be a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Probabilistic shaping can result in lower demodulation complexity at the receiver side compared to other types of constellation shaping (e.g., geometric shaping). However, unlike other types of constellation shaping, probabilistic shaping may require the introduction of new components (e.g., distribution mappers) into both wireless devices 205-a and 205-b.

[0079] Another type of constellation shaping can be probabilistic amplitude shaping. In some examples, each symbol may include two or more bits. The first bit of the two or more bits may be called the MSB and may contribute more to the transmit power than the other bits of the two or more bits. For example, if the logic value of the MSB is 0, the transmit power may be lower than if the logic value of the MSB is 1. Using probabilistic amplitude shaping, the probability of the MSB can be changed so that more 0s are transmitted than 1s. To change the probability of a certain logic value of the MSB, a bit mask can be applied to the MSB via an additional channel decoder (e.g., a channel decoder included in the shaping encoder of wireless device 205-a). However, before applying the bit mask, wireless device 205-a may perform a power-saving process and input the information bits into a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) generator. The LLR generator can determine the potential power savings after bit-masking (or bit-flipping) the MSB of the information bits (e.g., a portion of the information bits), and thus wireless device 205-a can determine whether bit-masking the MSB will result in a transmit power saving.

[0080] As an example, the set of information bits may include a first subset (100101) and a second subset (110100) of information bits. The first subset of information bits may be the MSB (or And the second subset of information bits can be other information bits (or Each bit in the first subset of information bits can correspond to a bit in the second subset of information bits, and each pair can correspond to a different symbol. In such an example, the information bit pairs input into the LLR generator can be (11), (01), (00), (11), (00), and (10).

[0081] Once input into the LLR generator, the LLR generator can apply the bitmask to the MSB (or This produces the following pairs of bits: (01), (11), (10), (01), (10), and (00), as shown in Table 1, and represented by symbol indices 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The transmit power of a symbol can be 1, 9, 25, or 49 (e.g., depending on the symbol amplitude), where 1 is the lowest transmit power and 49 is the highest transmit power. The LLR generator determines the LLR (or power saving) for each pair of bits. For example, the original transmit power of a symbol with symbol index 1 can be 25, and after bitmasking, the transmit power of a symbol with symbol index 1 can be 9, resulting in an LLR (power saving increment) of -16. The resulting LLRs for the pairs shown in Table 1 can be -16, 16, 48, -16, 48, and -48.

[0082]

[0083] Table 1. LLR Generators

[0084] The result of the LLR generator (e.g., -16, 16, 48, -16, 48, -48) can be input into the shaping encoder (e.g., a decoder for the shaping encoder) of the wireless device 205-a, and the shaping encoder can output a set of shaped bits and a set of output bits. The set of shaped bits can indicate whether a bitmask is applied to the MSB, and the output bits can be used to shape the information bits (e.g., to apply a bitmask to the MSB or...). In some examples, the number of integer bits may depend on the decoding rate of the encoder's decoder (e.g., ,in (This is the decoding rate), and the number of output bits can be equal to... The wireless device 205-a can determine the decoding rate of the decoder based on the modulation and decoding scheme (MCS) table configured at the wireless device 205-a.

[0085] Furthermore, shaping encoders can apply Boolean functions (e.g., XOR Boolean operation) to information bits (or... The system generates shaped information bits by processing the output bits and the array. Performing probabilistic amplitude shaping results in less latency and lower demodulation complexity compared to other types of constellation shaping (e.g., geometric shaping or probabilistic shaping). Furthermore, the wireless device 205-a does not require a distribution mapper to perform probabilistic amplitude shaping.

[0086] However, the assumptions made by the LLR generator and the shaping encoder can be overly optimistic. First, it's assumed that the first subset of the information bits equals a codeword of the block code used by the shaping encoder, and that the length of the output bits will equal the length of the first subset of the information bits, allowing for an XOR operation. However, in some cases, the first subset of the information bits may not equal a codeword of the block code used by the shaping encoder, resulting in a difference between the length of the output bits and the length of the first subset of the information bits. This mismatch in length can break the XOR operation and may not produce shaped information bits that minimize transmission power. Second, another assumption is that the shaping encoder's decoder correctly decodes the first subset of the information bits. If the shaping encoder's decoder does not correctly decode the first subset of the information bits, the length of the output bits may mismatch with the length of the first subset of the information bits, leading to other problems.

[0087] In some examples, the wireless device 205 may include one or more polar encoders 230 or one or more polar decoders 235. The polar encoder 230 may use polar codes to encode a set of bits, and the polar decoder 235 may use polar codes to decode the encoded set of bits. The polar codes may be examples of linear block error-correcting codes that implement channel capacity. Furthermore, the polar codes may have associated length and dimension. The length of the polar code may define the number of component channels (or bit channels) used for polar decoding, and the dimension may represent the number of bits included in the set of bits.

[0088] Each component channel may have an associated reliability. The reliability of a component channel may refer to the probability of erasure of the component channel or the probability that the encoded bits will be successfully decoded after transmission. Component channels used for polar decoding may have different reliability. For example, a first component channel used for polar decoding may correspond to a first reliability, and a second component channel used for polar decoding may correspond to a second reliability, where the first reliability is higher than the second reliability. In some examples, the polar encoder 230 may receive a set of bits and map each bit in the set of bits to a component channel. Each component channel of the polar encoder 230 may perform one or more encoding operations (e.g., XOR operation) on the bits. In some examples, encoding a bit in one component channel may depend on the bits input to one or more other component channels.

[0089] As described herein, wireless device 205-a may transmit data 215 to wireless device 205-b during constellation shaping using polarization decoding. In some examples, wireless device 205-a may transmit data 215 to wireless device 205-b. Before transmitting data 215, wireless device 205-a may send control information 220 to wireless device 205-b. Control information 220 may include scheduling information regarding the transmission of data 215. For example, control information 220 may include resource allocation for data 215. As an example, resource allocation may indicate time and frequency resources (e.g., RE 225) available to wireless device 205-b for receiving data 215 from wireless device 205-a.

[0090] To prepare for data transmission, wireless device 205-a may perform one or more operations. First, wireless device 205-a may retrieve (or read) a set of information bits from its memory and input the set of information bits into a CRC generator. Using the CRC generator, wireless device 205-a can generate a CRC value of length [missing information]. This includes a first set of bits comprising a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits generated based on the set of information bits. Furthermore, the wireless device 205-a can input the first set of bits into a demultiplexer. The demultiplexer can separate the first set of bits into segments of length [length missing]. The first subset of the position (or ) and length is The second subset of the position (or In some examples, the first subset of bits can be the high-reliability bits (or MSB).

[0091] After separating the bits, wireless device 205-a can perform constellation shaping on a first subset of the bits. Constellation shaping may include wireless device 205-a inputting the first subset of bits into polar encoder 230. The length of the polar code used by the first polar encoder may be equal to... Furthermore, wireless device 205-a can be determined using Equation 1. The value of . In Equation 1, This can be equal to the total number of bits included in data 215 (e.g., the number of encoded bits after ECE execution), and It can be equal to the modulation order used by wireless device 205-a to communicate with wireless device 205-b.

[0092]

[0093] The length of the polar code limits the number of component channels used for polar decoding. Therefore, the number of component channels utilized by the polar encoder 230 can be equal to... During polar encoding, the polar encoder 230 can input a first subset of bits to... The lowest reliability component channel among the component channels is selected, and the bit with a logic value of zero is input into it. In the highest reliability component channel of the component channels. In some examples, the number of bits with logic values ​​of zero can be equal to Furthermore, wireless device 205-a can be determined using Equation 2. In equation 2, This can be equal to the shaping decoding rate 210 (e.g., the decoding rate utilized by the decoder of the shaping encoder in wireless device 205-a). The output from the polarization encoder 230 can be the first set of decoded bits (or...). ), and the length of the decoded bits can be equal to .

[0094]

[0095] Furthermore, the wireless device 205-a can use an LLR generator to perform a power-saving process. The LLR generator determines potential power savings after bit-masking (or bit-flipping) the first set (or MSB) of decoded bits. In some examples, the LLR generator can be a table comprising multiple rows and columns. The number of rows may depend on the modulation order (or...) For example, Equation 3 can be used to determine the number of rows. On the other hand, the number of columns can be equal to... Therefore, the total number of bits that can be entered into the table can be equal to... Each column of the table can represent a symbol, and each row of a column can represent a bit in the corresponding column or symbol.

[0096]

[0097] Wireless device 205-a can input a first set of decoded bits and a second subset of bits into an LLR generator. As shown in Table 2, the first set of decoded bits (e.g., from...) The representation can be input into the first row of the LLR generator (e.g., row index 0), and the second subset of bits (e.g., by...) The bits (represented) can be input into the LLR generator in a row-first, column-later manner (e.g., row index 1 followed by row index 2, and so on) until no bits remain in the second subset of the bits. After inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second subset of bits into the LLR generator, a portion of the rows and columns of the LLR generator may be unfilled. Specifically, the LLR generator may include... There are 10 empty slots. In each empty slot of the LLR generator, the wireless device 205-a can input a value of 100. The fill position.

[0098]

[0099] Table 2. LLR Generator

[0100] Furthermore, the LLR generator can calculate the LLR (or power saving) for each column or sign. When calculating the LLR of a column, the sign bit of the column can be ignored. Table 3 illustrates an example of calculating the LLR of a column (e.g., column index 0 in Table 2) using the LLR generator, excluding columns with values... The padding bits. In the example in Table 3, the set of information bits input into the LLR generator can be (101). Once input into the LLR generator, the LLR generator can apply a bitmask to the MSB of the set of information bits, thereby producing the following set of information bits: (001). The transmit power of symbol 101 can be 49, and the transmit power of symbol 001 can be 1. Therefore, the resulting LLR (Power Saving Increment) for this column can be -48.

[0101]

[0102] Table 3. LLR Calculation Example

[0103] Table 4 illustrates the columns in the LLR generator that include values. The padding bits are used to calculate the LLR of the column. As shown in Table 4, the set of information bits input into the LLR generator can be (10... Once input into the LLR generator, the LLR generator applies a bitmask to the MSB of the set of information bits, thereby producing the following set of information bits: (00 When calculating the LLR, both logic values ​​0 and 1 can be considered for x. For example, the transmit power of symbol 101 can be 49, and the transmit power of symbol 001 can be 1, resulting in a first LLR (power saving increment) of -48. Furthermore, the transmit power of symbol 100 can be 49, and the transmit power of 000 can be 1, resulting in a second LLR (power saving increment) of -48. The resulting LLR for this column can be the average of the first and second LLRs. Therefore, the resulting LLR for this column can be -48.

[0104]

[0105] Table 4. LLR Calculation Example

[0106] When determining the LLR for each column, the LLR generator can output an LLR sequence (or... In some examples, the LLR sequence can indicate whether a transmit power saving can be achieved by inverting the bits in the first set of the decoded bits for each column of the LLR generator. Wireless device 205-a can input the sequence into the decoder of the shaping encoder, and the decoder can output a set of shaped bits. In some examples, the length of the set of shaped bits (or...) The decoding rate (or) of the shaping decoder can depend on the decoding rate of the shaper decoder as shown in Equation 2. Furthermore, the decoder can use polar codes.

[0107] The wireless device 205-a can then input the set of shaped bits into the second polarization encoder. The length of the polarization code used by the second polarization encoder can be equal to... The length of the polar code limits the number of component channels used for polar decoding. Therefore, the number of component carriers utilized by the second polar encoder can be equal to... During polarization encoding, the second polarization encoder can input a set of shaped bits into... The highest reliability component channel among the component channels is selected, and the bit with a logic value of zero is input into it. In the lowest reliability component channel of the component channels. In some examples, the number of bits with logic values ​​of zero can be equal to The output from the polar encoder can be a second set of decoded bits (or...) ), and the length of the second set of decoded bits can be equal to .

[0108] Furthermore, wireless device 205-a can apply Boolean functions to the first set and the second set of decoded bits to generate a set of output bits. The set of output bits can be a version of the first set of decoded bits associated with a lower transmit power (e.g., a shaped version). Additionally, wireless device 205-a can perform ECE on the set of output bits and the second subset of bits, allowing errors (e.g., errors caused by transmitting data 215 from wireless device 205-a to wireless device 205-b) to be detected and potentially corrected. To perform ECE, wireless device 205-a can input the set of output bits and the second subset of bits into an error correction encoder (e.g., an FEC encoder) and generate a set of parity bits based on the set of output bits and the second subset of bits. The set of output bits, the second subset of bits, and the parity bits can be a collection referred to as data 215. Finally, wireless device 205-a can transmit data 215 to wireless device 205-b using RE 225 indicated in control information 220.

[0109] Wireless device 205-b can use RE 225 to receive data 215 and decode data 215 to retrieve a set of information bits. In some examples, in order to decode data 215, wireless device 205-b can determine the TB size or the size of the set of information bits (or... To determine the TB size, the wireless device 205-b can retrieve the size of the sequence input into the error correction encoder (e.g., the size of a combination of the set of output bits and a second subset of bits). Wireless device 205-b can retrieve the size of the input sequence of the error correction encoder based on the MCS level and the number of PRBs allocated to data 215. The MCS index can be provided to wireless device 205-b in control information 220, and wireless device 205-b can use the MCS index and a pre-configured MCS table to determine the MCS level.

[0110] Once the wireless device 205-b knows the size of the input sequence leading to the error correction encoder, the wireless device 205-b can use Equation 4 to determine In equation 4, This can be equal to the number of REs 225 allocated for data 215. Furthermore, wireless device 205-b can use Equation 2 to calculate the size of the set of integer bits (or...). The integer decoding rate 210 or the value in Equation 2 can be set in control information 220. Provided to wireless device 205-b. Finally, wireless device 205-b can use Equation 5 to determine the TB size (or Using knowledge of the TB size and the polarization decoder 235, the wireless device 205-b can decode the data 215 and obtain a set of information bits from the wireless device 205-a.

[0111]

[0112] Figure 3 An example of a transmitter component diagram 300 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, transmitter component diagram 300 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200. For example, transmitter component diagram 300 may be implemented by, as referenced Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is implemented by the described network entity, UE 115, or wireless device 205.

[0113] In some examples, data may reach the transmitting device, and the data may include a set of information bits 305. After the data arrives at the transmitting device, the transmitting device may input the set of information bits 305 into a CRC encoder 310. Using the CRC encoder 310, the transmitting device may append CRC bits to the set of information bits 305 to detect unexpected changes or errors in the set of information bits 305 in the communication channel. The combination of the set of information bits 305 and the CRC bits can be determined by... It means that, among them It equals the sum of the number of bits included in the set of information bits and the number of bits included in the CRC bits.

[0114] After passing through the CRC encoder 310, the transmitting device can transmit a set 305 of information bits with additional CRC bits (e.g., The input is fed into demultiplexer 315. Using demultiplexer 315, the transmitting device can split the set 305 of information bits with additional CRC bits into a first set of bits and a second set of bits. The first set of bits can be high-reliability bits or MSB, and can be generated by... The second set of bits can be the remaining bits, and can be represented by... express.

[0115] Next, the first set of bits can flow to the polar encoder 320-a. The polar encoder 320-a can utilize the length The polar code is used to encode the first set of bits. In some examples, This can depend on the modulation order used by the transmitting device and the number of bits output from the ECE 325, such as Figure 2 Equation 1 illustrates this. During polar coding, the first set of bits can be mapped to the lowest reliability channel, and bits with a logic value of zero can be mapped to the remaining channels (or the highest reliability channel). The number of bits with a logic value of zero can be equal to... . This can represent the number of shaped bits output from the decoder (e.g., polar decoder 330) utilized during constellation shaping. The output from polar encoder 320-a can be a first set of decoded bits, which can be derived from... express.

[0116] Furthermore, the transmitting device can perform a power-saving analysis on the first set of decoded bits and input the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits into the LLR generator 335. For example... Figure 2 As described herein, the LLR generator 335 can calculate the potential power savings that can be generated by bit flipping a first set of decoded bits, and generate power savings from... The LLR sequence is represented. The transmitting device can input the LLR sequence into the polar decoder 330, and the polar decoder 330 can use the polar code to generate a sequence from the LLR code. The set of integer bits represented. The decoding rate of the polarization decoder 330 determines the number of bits included in the set of integer bits, such as... Figure 2 is exemplified in Equation 2.

[0117] Furthermore, the transmitting device can input a set of shaped bits into the polarization encoder 320-b. The polarization encoder 320-b can utilize length... Polar codes are used to encode the set of integer bits. During polar coding, the set of integer bits is mapped to the highest reliability channel, and bits with a logic value of zero are mapped to the remaining channels (or the lowest reliability channel). The number of bits with a logic value of zero can be equal to... The output from the polar encoder 320-b can be a second set of decoded bits, which can be obtained from... This indicates that the transmitting device can apply a Boolean function to the second set of decoded bits and the first set of decoded bits to generate a representation. The set of output bits represented. In some examples, the Boolean function can be an example of the XOR function. As described in this article, performing polar coding ensures that the inputs of the Boolean function (e.g., the first set of decoded bits and the second set of decoded bits) are of the same size (e.g., ...). This leads to a more robust astrological cosmetic procedure.

[0118] After applying the Boolean function, the transmitting device can perform ECE 325 on the second set of bits and the output bits to generate coded bits 340. During ECE 325, a set of parity bits can be generated based on the second set of bits and the output bits, and this set of parity bits is appended to the second set of bits and the output bits. The set of parity bits allows the receiving device of coded bits 340 to identify errors in the received data and, if an error is detected, potentially correct it. After performing ECE 325, the transmitting device can send coded bits 340 to the receiving device.

[0119] Figure 4 An example of a receiver component diagram 400 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, the receiver component diagram 400 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200. For example, the receiver component diagram 400 may be implemented by, as referenced Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is implemented by the described network entity 105, UE 115, or wireless device 205.

[0120] In some examples, the receiving device may receive coded bits 430 from the transmitting device using a set of REs. Upon receiving coded bits 430, the receiving device may perform error correction decoding (ECD) 425 on coded bits 430 to generate a first set of bits. Performing ECD 425 may include generating a set of parity bits based on the received coded bits 430, comparing the generated parity bits with the parity bits included in coded bits 430 to identify errors, and potentially correcting errors if detected.

[0121] After executing ECD 425, the receiving device can input a first set of bits into demultiplexer 415. Demultiplexer 415 can separate the first set of bits into a second set of bits and a third set of bits. The second set of bits can be shaped bits (or...) ), and the third set of bits can be unshaped bits (or Furthermore, the receiving device may input a second set of bits into the polarization decoder 420. The receiving device may determine the decoding rate of the polarization decoder 420 based on control information. For example, before receiving the coded bits 430, the receiving device may receive control information (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)) including an MCS table index. The MCS table index may correspond to an MCS table that identifies the decoding rate used for the polarization decoder 420. In some examples, the receiving device may be configured with an MCS table via RRC signaling.

[0122] The output of the polarization decoder 420 can be a set of integer bits (or...) ) and the fourth set of bits (or The receiving device can discard the set of shaped bits and input the third and fourth sets of bits into serializer 435. Serializer 435 can combine the third and fourth sets of bits to create a fifth set of bits, which can be generated by... This indicates that the transmitting device can input the fifth set of bits into the CRC decoder 410 and perform a CRC check. During the CRC check, the receiving device can analyze the CRC bits in the fifth set of bits (e.g., CRC bits appended during transmission) to determine whether the set 405 of information bits included in the fifth set of bits contains any errors. If there are no errors, the receiving device can successfully receive the set 405 of information bits.

[0123] In some examples, the receiving device can determine the TB size of the data to be transmitted. To determine the TB size, the receiving device can determine the size of the input sequence of the error correction encoder at the transmitting device (or... In addition, such as Figure 2 As described in the description, in determining At that time, the receiving device can use equations 2, 4 and 5 to determine the TB size of the data to be transmitted.

[0124] Figure 5 An example of a process flow 500 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, process flow 500 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication system 100, wireless communication system 200, transmitter component diagram 300, and receiver component diagram 400. For example, process flow 500 may be implemented by wireless device 505, which may be as described in the reference... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Examples of UE 115, network entity 105, or wireless device 205 described are given. Alternative examples may be implemented, some of which may be performed in a different order than described or not at all. In some cases, steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or additional steps may be added.

[0125] At 510, wireless device 505-a can generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits. In some examples, wireless device 505-a can generate the first set of bits and the second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer. The first set of bits may correspond to the MSB (or the bits to be shaped), and the second set of bits may correspond to the remaining bits.

[0126] Furthermore, wireless device 505-a can perform constellation shaping on the first set of bits. As part of the constellation shaping and at 515, wireless device 505-a can generate a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder. The code type utilized by the first encoder can be a polar code. In some examples, the first encoder can map the first set of bits to a first set of component channels and map a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels having higher reliability than the first set of component channels. The logical value of each bit in the third set of bits can be zero, and the size of the third set of bits can be based on the size of the set of integer bits. Additionally, the number of component channels included in the first set and the second set of component channels can be based on the length of the polar code.

[0127] Furthermore, as another part of constellation shaping and at 520, wireless device 505-a may generate a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits. In some examples, to determine the transmit power parameters, wireless device 505-a may perform a power-saving process. This power-saving process may include wireless device 505-a inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits into a table in a row-first, column-last manner. The number of columns in the table may be based on the length of the first set of decoded bits, and the number of rows in the table may be based on the modulation order used by wireless device 505-a. Once wireless device 505-a has input the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits into the table, wireless device 505-a may fill the remaining rows and columns of the table with a set of padding bits. Each padding bit in the set of padding bits may have a value X.

[0128] For each column of the table, wireless device 505-a can calculate the corresponding transmit power parameter. In one example, to calculate the transmit power parameter for the first column of the table, wireless device 505-a can determine the first transmit power of the first column based on the logic value of the first bit in the first row of the first column (e.g., the MSB of the symbol corresponding to the first column) and the logic value of the second bit in the second row of the first column. Furthermore, the wireless device can invert the logic value of the first bit and determine the second transmit power of the first column based on the inverted logic value of the first bit and the logic value of the second bit. The transmit power parameter of the first column can be the difference between the second transmit power and the first transmit power.

[0129] Additionally, as part of constellation shaping and at 525, the wireless device 505-a may generate a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. In some examples, generating the set of output bits may include generating a second set of decoded bits based on inputting the set of shaped bits into a second encoder, and applying a Boolean function (e.g., an XOR operation) to the second set of decoded bits and the first set of decoded bits. The code type associated with the second encoder may be a polar code. In some examples, the second encoder may map the set of shaped bits to a first set of component channels and a fourth set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels having lower reliability than the first set of component channels. The logical value of each bit in the fourth set of bits may be zero, and the size of the third set of bits may be based on the size of the first set of bits. Furthermore, the number of component channels included in the first set and the second set of component channels may be based on the length of the polar code, and the length of the polar code may be based on the first set of decoded bits.

[0130] At 530, wireless device 505-a may perform ECE on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits, and at 535 transmit the set of coded bits to wireless device 505-b.

[0131] Wireless device 505-b can receive the set of coded bits and perform operations similar to those of wireless device 505-a to decode the set of coded bits. For example, at 540, wireless device 505-b can perform ECD on the set of coded bits and generate a first set of bits. Furthermore, at 545, wireless device 505-b can input the first set of bits into a demultiplexer and generate a second set and a third set of bits, and perform constellation deshaping on the second set of bits at 545.

[0132] As part of constellation deshaping, wireless device 505-b may generate a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder utilizing polar codes. In some examples, before receiving the set of coded bits at 535, wireless device 505-b may receive a first control signal indicating an MCS table including a set of decoding rates. The set of decoding rates may include a first decoding rate associated with a decoder and a second decoding rate associated with a second decoder for performing ECD. Furthermore, wireless device 505-b may receive a second control message including a first index and a second index of the MCS, the first index and the second index identifying the first decoding scheme and the second decoding scheme, respectively.

[0133] Furthermore, wireless device 505-b can generate a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer. The first set of bits may include a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits. In some examples, wireless device 505-b can determine the length or TB size of the fifth set of bits. The length of the fifth set of bits may be the difference between the length of the first set of bits and the length of the set of shaped bits. Wireless device 505-b can determine the length of the set of shaped bits based on the first decoding rate, and determine the length of the first set of bits based on the first decoding rate and the length of the polar code. The length of the polar code may be a multiple of the number of REs allocated to the set of coded bits. After generating the fifth set of bits, wireless device 505-b can perform a CRC check on the fifth set of bits to obtain the set of information bits.

[0134] Figure 6A block diagram 600 illustrates a device 605 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 605 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 or network entity 105 as described herein. Device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communication manager 620. Device 605, or one or more components of device 605 (e.g., receiver 610, transmitter 615, and communication manager 620), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0135] Receiver 610 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with polarization coding schemes for constellation shaping). The information may be transmitted to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0136] Transmitter 615 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 605. For example, transmitter 615 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to polarization coding schemes used for constellation shaping). In some examples, transmitter 615 may be co-located with receiver 610 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0137] The communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components used to perform various aspects of the polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping as described herein. For example, the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0138] In some examples, the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of the following: a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0139] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise individually or jointly to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0140] In some examples, the communication manager 620 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 620 may receive information from the receiver 610, transmit information to the transmitter 615, or be integrated with the receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0141] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communication at a first device. For example, the communication manager 620 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer. The communication manager 620 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits. In some examples, in order to perform constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits, the communication manager 620 may be configured to, or otherwise support components for: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; and generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. The communication manager 620 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for performing ECE operations on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. The communication manager 620 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0142] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communication at a second device according to the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 620 may be, configured, or operated to support components for receiving a set of coded bits. The communication manager 620 may be, configured, or operated to support components for generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits. The communication manager 620 may be, configured, or operated to support components for generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer. The communication manager 620 may be, configured, or operated to support components for performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, to perform the constellation deshaping operation, the communication manager 620 may be configured or otherwise support components for generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code. The communication manager 620 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0143] By including or configuring a communication manager 620 according to an example as described herein, device 605 (e.g., at least one processor that controls or otherwise couples to receiver 610, transmitter 615, communication manager 620, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for reducing processing and utilizing communication resources more efficiently.

[0144] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 illustrates a device 705 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 705 may be an example of aspects of device 605, UE 115, or network entity 105 as described herein. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communication manager 720. Device 705, or one or more components of device 705 (e.g., receiver 710, transmitter 715, and communication manager 720), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0145] Receiver 710 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with polarization coding schemes for constellation shaping). Information may be transmitted to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0146] Transmitter 715 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 705. For example, transmitter 715 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to polarization coding schemes used for constellation shaping). In some examples, transmitter 715 may be co-located with receiver 710 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0147] Device 705 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping as described herein. For example, communication manager 720 may include demultiplexer component 725, constellation shaping component 730, error correction component 735, data transceiver 740, constellation deshaping component 745, serializer component 750, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 720 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 620 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 720 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 710, transmitter 715, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 720 may receive information from receiver 710, transmit information to transmitter 715, or be integrated in combination with receiver 710, transmitter 715, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0148] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at the first device. The demultiplexer component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into the demultiplexer. The constellation shaping component 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits. In some examples, to perform constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits, constellation shaping component 730 may be configured as or otherwise support components for: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes polar codes; constellation shaping component 730 may be configured as or otherwise support components for generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; and constellation shaping component 730 may be configured as or otherwise support components for generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. Error correction component 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing ECE operations on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. Data transceiver 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0149] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at a second device according to the examples disclosed herein. The data transceiver 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a set of coded bits. The error correction component 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits. The demultiplexer component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into the demultiplexer. The constellation deshaping component 745 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, to perform the constellation deshaping operation, the constellation deshaping component 745 may be configured as or otherwise support components for generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code. The serializer component 750 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0150] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 is shown of a communication manager 820 supporting a polar coding scheme for constellation shaping according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 820 may be an example of a communication manager 620, a communication manager 720, or aspects thereof as described herein. The communication manager 820 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the polar coding scheme for constellation shaping as described herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may include a demultiplexer component 825, a constellation shaping component 830, an error correction component 835, a data transceiver 840, a constellation deshaping component 845, a serializer component 850, a decoding rate component 855, a TB size component 860, or any combination thereof. These components, or each of their components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), and such communication may include communication within protocol layers of the protocol stack, communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack, within devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0151] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at the first device. The demultiplexer component 825 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into the demultiplexer. The constellation shaping component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits. In some examples, for performing constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits, constellation shaping component 830 may be configured as or otherwise support components for: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes polar codes; constellation shaping component 830 may be configured as or otherwise support components for generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; and constellation shaping component 830 may be configured as or otherwise support components for generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. Error correction component 835 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing ECE operations on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. Data transceiver 840 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0152] In some examples, to support the generation of the set of output bits, the constellation shaping component 830 can, is configured, or is operable to support components for generating a second set of decoded bits based on inputting the set of shaped bits into a second encoder, wherein the code type associated with the second encoder includes polar codes. In some examples, to support the generation of the set of output bits, the constellation shaping component 830 can, is configured, or is operable to support components for applying Boolean functions to the second set of decoded bits and the first set of decoded bits to generate the set of output bits.

[0153] In some examples, to support the generation of the second set of decoded bits, the constellation shaping component 830 can, is configured, or is operable to support components for mapping the set of shaped bits to a first set of component channels. In some examples, to support the generation of the second set of decoded bits, the constellation shaping component 830 can, is configured, or is operable to support components for mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability lower than that associated with the first set of component channels, wherein the logical value of each bit in the third set of bits includes zero, and wherein the length of the third set of bits is based on the length of the first set of bits.

[0154] In some examples, the number of component channels included in the first set and the second set of component channels is based on the length associated with the polar code. In some examples, the Boolean function includes the XOR function.

[0155] In some examples, to support the generation of the first set of decoded bits, the constellation shaping component 830 can be, configured, or operated to support components for mapping the first set of bits to a first set of component channels. In some examples, to support the generation of the first set of decoded bits, the constellation shaping component 830 can be, configured, or operated to support components for mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability higher than that associated with the first set of component channels, wherein the logical value of each bit in the third set of bits includes zero, and wherein the length of the third set of bits is based on the length of the set of integer bits.

[0156] In some examples, the number of component channels included in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels is based on the length associated with the polar code. In some examples, the constellation shaping component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing a power-saving process based on the first set of decoded bits, wherein the set of shaped bits is generated based on the power-saving process.

[0157] In some examples, to support the execution of this power-saving process, the constellation shaping component 830 can be, configured, or operated to support components that input the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits into a table in a row-first-column manner, wherein the table includes a number of columns based on the length of the first set of decoded bits and a number of rows based on the modulation order used for communication between the first device and the second device.

[0158] In some examples, to support the execution of this power-saving process, the constellation shaping component 830 can be, configured, or operated to support components that, after inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits, input a set of padding bits into the table, wherein the length of the set of padding bits is based on the difference between the length of the combination of the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits and the length of the set of encoded bits.

[0159] In some examples, to support the execution of this power-saving process, the constellation shaping component 830 can be, configured, or operated to support components for: calculating the corresponding transmit power parameter for each column of the table, wherein the one or more transmit power parameters include the corresponding transmit power parameter.

[0160] In some examples, to support the calculation of the corresponding transmit power parameter, the constellation shaping component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining a first transmit power for the first column based on the logic value of the first bit in the first row of the first column and the logic value of the second bit in the second row of the first column. In some examples, to support the calculation of the corresponding transmit power parameter, the constellation shaping component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for inverting the logic value of the first bit. In some examples, to support the calculation of the corresponding transmit power parameter, the constellation shaping component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining a second transmit power for the first column based on the inverted logic value of the first bit and the logic value of the second bit, wherein the corresponding transmit power parameter includes the difference between the second transmit power and the first transmit power.

[0161] In some examples, the first bit corresponds to the MSB of the symbol. In some examples, the decoding rate component 855 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support receiving a control message indicating a decoding rate associated with the set of integer bits, wherein the length of the set of integer bits is based on the decoding rate.

[0162] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at a second device according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the data transceiver 840 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a set of coded bits. In some examples, the error correction component 835 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits. In some examples, the demultiplexer component 825 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into the demultiplexer. The constellation deshaping component 845 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, to perform the constellation deshaping operation, the constellation deshaping component 845 may be configured as, or otherwise support, a component for generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on the second set of bits input to the decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes polar codes. The serializer component 850 is capable of, configured as, or operable to support a component for generating a fifth set of bits based on the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits input to the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0163] In some examples, the TB-size component 860 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support a component for determining the length of the fifth set of bits based on the difference between the length of the first set of bits and the length of the set of shaped bits, wherein the length of the first set of bits is based on a first decoding rate used by a second decoder to perform the ECD operation.

[0164] In some examples, the TB-size component 860 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components that determine the length of the set of integer bits based on a second decoding rate associated with the set of integer bits and a length associated with the polar code. In some examples, the length associated with the polar code is a multiple of the number of REs allocated to the set of coded bits.

[0165] In some examples, the decoding rate component 855 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: receiving a first control message indicating an MCS table, wherein the MCS table includes indications of a set of multiple decoding rates, the set of multiple decoding rates including the first decoding rate and the second decoding rate. In some examples, the decoding rate component 855 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: sending a second control message including a first index and a second index of the MCS table, the first index and the second index respectively identifying the first decoding rate and the second decoding rate.

[0166] Figure 9 A diagram of a system 900 including a device 905 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 905 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 905 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof (e.g., wirelessly). Device 905 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 920, an input / output (I / O) controller 910, a transceiver 915, an antenna 925, at least one memory 930, code 935, and at least one processor 940. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945) or be coupled in other ways (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground).

[0167] I / O controller 910 manages the input and output signals of device 905. I / O controller 910 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 905. In some cases, I / O controller 910 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 910 may utilize an operating system such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® MS-DOS ® MS-WINDOWS ® OS / 2 ® UNIX ® LINUX ® Alternatively, the I / O controller 910 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 910 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as at least one processor 940. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 905 via the I / O controller 910 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 910.

[0168] In some cases, device 905 may include a single antenna 925. However, in other cases, device 905 may have more than one antenna 925, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 915 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 925 as described herein, or via a wired or wireless link. For example, transceiver 915 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 915 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 925 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 925. Transceiver 915, or transceiver 915 and one or more antennas 925, may be an example of transmitter 615, transmitter 715, receiver 610, receiver 710, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0169] At least one memory 930 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). At least one memory 930 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 935, including instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 940, cause device 905 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 935 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 935 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 940, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, among other things, at least one memory 930 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0170] At least one processor 940 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 940 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 940. At least one processor 940 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., at least one memory 930) to cause device 905 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting polarization coding schemes for constellation shaping). For example, device 905 or components of device 905 may include at least one processor 940 and at least one memory 930 coupled to or coupled to at least one processor 940, wherein at least one processor 940 and at least one memory 930 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 940 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 930 may include multiple memories. One or more of a plurality of processors may be coupled to one or more of a plurality of memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein.

[0171] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at a first device. For example, the communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer. The communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits. In some examples, in order to perform constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits, the communication manager 920 may be configured to, or otherwise support components for: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; and generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. The communication manager 920 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for performing ECE operations on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. The communication manager 920 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0172] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at a second device according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may be, configured, or operated to support components for receiving a set of coded bits. The communication manager 920 may be, configured, or operated to support components for generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits. The communication manager 920 may be, configured, or operated to support components for generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer. The communication manager 920 may be, configured, or operated to support components for performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, to perform the constellation deshaping operation, the communication manager 920 may be configured or otherwise support components for generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code. The communication manager 920 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0173] By including or configuring a communication manager 920 according to an example as described herein, device 905 can support technologies for improving communication reliability, utilizing communication resources more efficiently, and improving coordination between devices.

[0174] In some examples, the communication manager 920 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with transceiver 915, one or more antennas 925, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 920 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 920 may be supported by or performed by at least one processor 940, at least one memory 930, code 935, or any combination thereof. For example, code 935 may include instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 940 to cause device 905 to perform various aspects of the polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping as described herein, or at least one processor 940 and at least one memory 930 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0175] Figure 10 A diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1005 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or network entity 105 as described herein, or a component including such devices. Device 1005 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, and this communication may include communication via one or more wired interfaces, one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. Device 1005 may include components supporting output and obtaining communication, such as a communication manager 1020, a transceiver 1010, an antenna 1015, at least one memory 1025, code 1030, and at least one processor 1035. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1040) or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground).

[0176] Transceiver 1010 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both, as described herein. In some examples, transceiver 1010 may include a wired transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, transceiver 1010 may include a wireless transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, device 1005 may include one or more antennas 1015 that are capable of (e.g., concurrently) transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1010 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 1015, via a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1015, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some embodiments, transceiver 1010 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1015 configured to support various receive or acquire operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1015 configured to support various transmit or output operations, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1010 may include one or more processors or one or more memory components, or be configured to couple to such processors or memory components, which are operable to perform or support operations based on received or acquired information or signals, or generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1010, or transceiver 1010 and one or more antennas 1015, or transceiver 1010 and one or more antennas 1015 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., at least one processor 1035, at least one memory 1025, or both), may be included in a chip or chip assembly mounted in device 1005. In some examples, transceiver 1010 is operable to support communication via one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, and fronthaul communication link 168).

[0177] At least one memory 1025 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. At least one memory 1025 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1030 including instructions that, when executed by one or more of at least one processor 1035, cause device 1005 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1030 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1030 may not be directly executable by one of the at least one processor 1035, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1025 may also include a BIOS, among other things, that controls basic hardware or software operation, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, at least one processor 1035 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1025 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein (e.g., as part of a processing system).

[0178] At least one processor 1035 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, CPUs, FPGAs, microcontrollers, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic units, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1035 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1035. At least one processor 1035 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., one or more memories in at least one memory 1025) to cause device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting polarization coding schemes for constellation shaping). For example, device 1005 or components of device 1005 may include at least one processor 1035 and at least one memory 1025 coupled to one or more of the at least one processor 1035, wherein at least one processor 1035 and at least one memory 1025 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. At least one processor 1035 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container instance) that can (e.g., by executing code 1030) host functions for performing the functions of device 1005. At least one processor 1035 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 1005 (such as within one or more memories of at least one memory 1025). In some implementations, at least one processor 1035 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system generally refers to a system or series of machines or components that receive input and process that input to produce a set of outputs that can be passed to, for example, other systems or components of device 1005. For example, the processing system of device 1005 may refer to a system that includes various other components or sub-components of device 1005 (such as at least one processor 1035, transceiver 1010, communication manager 1020, or other components or combinations of components of device 1005). The processing system of device 1005 can interface with other components of device 1005 and can process information (such as inputs or signals) received from other components or output information to other components. For example, the chip or modem of device 1005 may include a processing system and one or more interfaces for outputting information or for acquiring information, or both. The one or more interfaces may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to acquire information, or the same interface configured to both output and acquire information, and other specific implementations.In some embodiments, one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and the transmitter, enabling device 1005 to send information output from the chip or modem. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and the receiver, enabling device 1005 to receive information or signal input and for that information to be transmitted to the processing system. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that a first interface may also receive information or signal input, and a second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0179] In some examples, bus 1040 may support communication at protocol layers (e.g., within a protocol layer) in a protocol stack. In some examples, bus 1040 may support communication associated with logical channels of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack), which may include communication performed within components of device 1005, or communication performed between different components of device 1005 that are co-addressable or may be located in different locations (e.g., where device 1005 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 1020, transceiver 1010, at least one memory 1025, code 1030 and at least one processor 1035 may be located in one of the different components or partitioned between the different components).

[0180] In some examples, the communication manager 1020 can manage (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) various aspects of communication with the core network 130. For example, the communication manager 1020 can manage the transfer of data communication with client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1020 can manage communication with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating with other network entities 105 to control communication with UE 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1020 may support the X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0181] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at a first device. For example, the communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits. In some examples, in order to perform constellation shaping operations on the first set of bits, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to, or otherwise support components for: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; and generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing ECE operations on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0182] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at a second device according to the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a set of coded bits. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, to perform the constellation deshaping operation, the communication manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support components for generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0183] By including or configuring a communication manager 1020 according to an example as described herein, device 1005 can support technologies for improving communication reliability, utilizing communication resources more efficiently, and improving coordination between devices.

[0184] In some examples, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the transceiver 1010, one or more antennas 1015 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receive, acquire, monitor, output, transmit). Although the communication manager 1020 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1020 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 1010, one or more processors in at least one processor 1035, one or more memories in at least one memory 1025, code 1030, or any combination thereof (e.g., by a processing system including at least a portion of at least one processor 1035, at least one memory 1025, code 1030, or any combination thereof). For example, code 1030 may include instructions that can be executed by one or more processors of at least one processor 1035 to cause device 1005 to perform various aspects of the polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping as described herein, or at least one processor 1035 and at least one memory 1025 may otherwise be configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0185] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating a method 1100 for supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1100 can be implemented by a UE or network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1100 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The described UE 115 or network entity performs the function. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0186] At 1105, the method may include generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into the demultiplexer. The operation of block 1105 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1105 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described demultiplexer component 825 is used to perform this.

[0187] At 1110, the method may include performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits. In some examples, performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits may include: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; and generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. The operation of block 1110 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1110 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 8 The constellation shaping component 830 described is used to perform this.

[0188] At 1115, the method may include performing an ECE operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. The operation of block 1115 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1115 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The error correction component 835 described is used for execution.

[0189] At 1120, the method may include sending the set of encoded bits. The operation of block 1120 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1120 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described data transceiver 840 is used to perform this.

[0190] Figure 12 A flowchart illustrating a method 1200 for supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The operation of method 1200 can be implemented by a UE or network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1200 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The described UE 115 or network entity performs the function. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0191] At 1205, the method may include generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into the demultiplexer. The operation of block 1205 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1205 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described demultiplexer component 825 is used to perform this.

[0192] At 1210, the method may include performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits. In some examples, performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits may include: generating a first set of decoded bits based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; performing a power-saving process based on the first set of decoded bits; generating a set of shaped bits based on the second set of bits, one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits, and the power-saving process; and generating a set of output bits based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits. The operation of block 1210 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1210 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 8 The constellation shaping component 830 described is used to perform this.

[0193] At 1215, the method may include performing an ECE operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits. The operation of block 1215 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1215 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The error correction component 835 described is used for execution.

[0194] At 1220, the method may include sending the set of encoded bits. The operation of block 1220 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1220 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described data transceiver 840 is used to perform this.

[0195] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating a method 1300 for supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The operation of method 1300 can be implemented by a UE or network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1300 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The described UE 115 or network entity performs the function. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0196] At 1305, the method may include receiving a set of encoded bits. The operation of block 1305 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1305 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described data transceiver 840 is used to perform this.

[0197] At 1310, the method may include generating a first set of bits based on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits. The operation of block 1310 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1310 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The error correction component 835 described is used for execution.

[0198] At 1315, the method may include generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into the demultiplexer. The operation of block 1315 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1315 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described demultiplexer component 825 is used to perform this.

[0199] At 1320, the method may include performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, performing the constellation deshaping operation may include generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code. The operation at block 1320 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1320 may be provided by reference to [reference]. Figure 8 The constellation unraveling component 845 is described and executed.

[0200] At 1325, the method may include generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits. The operation of block 1325 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1325 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 8 The described serial connector component 850 is used to perform this action.

[0201] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting a polarization coding scheme for constellation shaping, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The operation of method 1400 can be implemented by a UE or network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1400 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The described UE 115 or network entity performs the function. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0202] At 1405, the method may include determining the length of a fifth set of bits based on the difference between the length of the first set of bits and the length of the set of shaped bits, wherein the length of the first set of bits is based on a first decoding rate used by a second decoder to perform ECD operations. The operation of block 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1405 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The TB-sized component 860 is described for execution.

[0203] At 1410, the method may include receiving a set of encoded bits. The operation of block 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1410 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described data transceiver 840 is used to perform this.

[0204] At 1415, the method may include generating the first set of bits by performing the ECD operation on the set of coded bits. The operation of block 1415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1415 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The error correction component 835 described is used for execution.

[0205] At 1420, the method may include generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based on inputting the first set of bits into the demultiplexer. The operation of block 1420 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1420 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described demultiplexer component 825 is used to perform this.

[0206] At 1425, the method may include performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits. In some examples, performing the constellation deshaping operation may include generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code. The operation at block 1425 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1425 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The constellation unraveling component 845 is described and executed.

[0207] At 1430, the method may include generating a fifth set of bits based on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into the serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits. The operation of block 1430 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1430 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described serial connector component 850 is used to perform this action.

[0208] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure:

[0209] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a first device, the method comprising: generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits at least partially based on inputting a set of information bits and a set of CRC bits into a demultiplexer; performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits comprises: generating a first set of decoded bits at least partially based on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein the code type associated with the first encoder includes a polar code; generating a set of shaped bits at least partially based on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of decoded bits; generating a set of output bits at least partially based on the first set of decoded bits and the set of shaped bits; performing an ECE operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of coded bits; and transmitting the set of coded bits.

[0210] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein generating the set of output bits comprises: generating a second set of decoded bits based at least in part on inputting the set of integer bits into a second encoder, wherein the code type associated with the second encoder includes polar codes; and applying a Boolean function to the second set of decoded bits and the first set of decoded bits to generate the set of output bits.

[0211] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, generating the second set of decoded bits includes: mapping the set of integer bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability that is lower than that associated with the first set of component channels, wherein the logical value of each bit in the third set of bits includes zero, and wherein the length of the third set of bits is at least partially based on the length of the first set of bits.

[0212] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3 includes the number of component channels in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels being based at least in part on the length associated with the polar code.

[0213] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 4, wherein the Boolean function includes the XOR function.

[0214] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein generating the first set of decoded bits comprises: mapping the first set of bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability that is higher than that associated with the first set of component channels, wherein the logical value of each bit in the third set of bits includes zero, and wherein the length of the third set of bits is at least partially based on the length of the set of integer bits.

[0215] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6 includes the number of component channels in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels being based at least in part on the length associated with the polar code.

[0216] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, the method further comprising: performing a power-saving process at least in part based on the first set of decoded bits, wherein the generation of the set of shaped bits is at least in part based on the power-saving process.

[0217] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 8, wherein performing the power saving process includes: inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits into a table in a row-first-column manner, wherein the table includes a number of columns based on the length of the first set of decoded bits and a number of rows based on the modulation order used for communication between the first device and the second device.

[0218] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, wherein performing the power saving process includes: after inputting the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits, inputting a set of padding bits into the table, wherein the length of the set of padding bits is at least partially based on the difference between the length of the combination of the first set of decoded bits and the second set of bits and the length of the set of encoded bits.

[0219] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 10, wherein performing the power saving process includes: calculating a corresponding transmit power parameter for each column of the table, wherein the one or more transmit power parameters include the corresponding transmit power parameter.

[0220] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, calculating the corresponding transmission power parameter includes: determining a first transmission power for the first column based at least in part on the logic value of the first bit in the first row of the first column and the logic value of the second bit in the second row of the first column; inverting the logic value of the first bit; and determining a second transmission power for the first column based at least in part on the inverted logic value of the first bit and the logic value of the second bit, wherein the corresponding transmission power parameter includes the difference between the second transmission power and the first transmission power.

[0221] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 12, wherein the first bit corresponds to the MSB of the symbol.

[0222] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, the method further comprising: receiving a control message indicating a decoding rate associated with the set of integer bits, wherein the length of the set of integer bits is at least partially based on the decoding rate.

[0223] Aspect 15: A method for wireless communication at a second device, the method comprising: receiving a set of coded bits; generating a first set of bits based at least partially on performing an ECD operation on the set of coded bits; generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based at least partially on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; performing a constellation deshaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein performing the constellation deshaping operation comprises: generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based at least partially on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein the code type associated with the decoder includes a polar code; and generating a fifth set of bits based at least partially on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a serializer, wherein the fifth set of bits includes a set of CRC bits and a set of information bits.

[0224] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15, the method further comprising: determining the length of the fifth set of bits based at least in part on the difference between the length of the first set of bits and the length of the set of integer bits, wherein the length of the first set of bits is based at least in part on a first decoding rate used by a second decoder to perform the ECD operation.

[0225] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 16, the method further comprising: determining the length of the set of integer bits based at least in part on a second decoding rate associated with the set of integer bits and a length associated with the polar code.

[0226] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein the length associated with the polar code is a multiple of the number of REs allocated for the set of coded bits.

[0227] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 17 to 18, the method further comprising: receiving a first control message indicating an MCS table, wherein the MCS table includes indications of a plurality of decoding rates, the plurality of decoding rates including the first decoding rate and the second decoding rate; and sending a second control message including a first index and a second index of the MCS table, the first index and the second index respectively identifying the first decoding rate and the second decoding rate.

[0228] Aspect 20: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0229] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0230] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first device, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0231] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 15 to 19.

[0232] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 15 to 19.

[0233] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a second device, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 15 to 19.

[0234] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0235] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0236] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and skills. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0237] The various exemplary blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternative embodiments, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described functions or operations individually or jointly.

[0238] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, these functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium, or transmitted using one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in different locations, including portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0239] Computer-readable media include both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, with the latter including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. A disk can magnetically reproduce data, and an optical disc can optically reproduce data using a laser. Combinations of the foregoing are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any function or operation described herein as being executable by memory can be executed by multiple memories capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0240] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" used in an enumeration of items (e.g., an enumeration of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive enumeration, such that an enumeration of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Additionally, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0241] As used herein, including in claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and is understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those nouns. Therefore, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. For example, where a claim enumerates “components” performing one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “the” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” can be understood to mean “one or more components,” and subsequent reference to “the component” in a claim can be understood as equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent references to a component introduced with the terms “the” or “the” as “one or more components” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, reference to "the one or more components" in the subsequent claims can be understood as equivalent to reference to "at least one of the one or more components".

[0242] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, searching (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertainment. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), etc. Additionally, "determine" can include parsing, acquiring, selecting, choosing, creating, and other similar actions.

[0243] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second numeral for differentiation between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description can be applied to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0244] The description herein, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an example configuration and does not represent all achievable examples or those within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details used to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the described examples.

[0245] The description provided herein is intended to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first device, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: generate a first set of bits and a second set of bits based at least in part on inputting a set of information bits and a set of cyclic redundancy check bits into a demultiplexer; perform a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein the instructions to perform the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: generate a first set of coded bits based at least in part on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein a code type associated with the first encoder comprises a polar code; generate a set of shaped bits based at least in part on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of coded bits; and generate a set of output bits based at least in part on the first set of coded bits and the set of shaped bits; perform an error correction encoding operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of encoded bits; and transmit the set of encoded bits.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions to generate the set of output bits are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: generate a second set of coded bits based at least in part on inputting the set of shaped bits into a second encoder, wherein a code type associated with the second encoder comprises a polar code; and apply a Boolean function to the second set of coded bits and the first set of coded bits to generate the set of output bits.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the instructions to generate the second set of coded bits are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: map the set of shaped bits to a first set of component channels; and map a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels associated with a lower channel reliability than a channel reliability associated with the first set of component channels, wherein a logical value of each bit of the third set of bits comprises zero, and wherein a length of the third set of bits is based at least in part on a length of the first set of bits.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein a number of component channels included in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels is based at least in part on a length associated with the polar code.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the Boolean function comprises an XOR function.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions to generate the first set of coded bits are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: map the first set of bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a higher channel reliability than a channel reliability associated with the first set of component channels, wherein a logical value of each bit of the third set of bits comprises a zero, and wherein a length of the third set of bits is based at least in part on a length of the set of shaping bits.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a number of component channels included in the first set of component channels and the second set of component channels is based at least in part on a length associated with the polar code.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: perform a power saving procedure based at least in part on the first set of coded bits, wherein generating the set of shaping bits is based at least in part on the power saving procedure.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the instructions to perform the power saving procedure are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: input the first set of coded bits and the second set of bits into a table in a column-first, row- second order, wherein the table comprises a number of columns based on a length of the first set of coded bits and a number of rows based on a modulation order for communications between the first device and a second device.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the instructions to perform the power saving procedure are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: input a set of padding bits into the table after inputting the first set of coded bits and the second set of bits, wherein a length of the set of padding bits is based at least in part on a difference between a length of a combination of the first set of coded bits and the second set of bits and a length of the set of coded bits.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the instructions to perform the power saving procedure are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: calculate a respective transmit power parameter for each column of the table, wherein the one or more transmit power parameters comprise the respective transmit power parameters.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the instructions to calculate the respective transmit power parameters are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine a first transmit power for a first column based at least in part on a logical value of a first bit in a first row of the first column and a logical value of a second bit in a second row of the first column; invert the logical value of the first bit; and determine a second transmit power for the first column based at least in part on the inverted logical value of the first bit and the logical value of the second bit, wherein the respective transmit power parameters comprise a difference between the second transmit power and the first transmit power.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first bit corresponds to a most significant bit of a symbol.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receiving a control message indicating a coding rate associated with the set of shaped bits, wherein a length of the set of shaped bits is based at least in part on the coding rate.

15. An apparatus for wireless communication at a second device, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a set of encoded bits; generate a first set of bits based at least in part on performing an error correction decoding operation on the set of encoded bits; generate a second set of bits and a third set of bits based at least in part on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; perform a constellation de-shaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein the instructions to perform the constellation de-shaping operation are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: generate a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based at least in part on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein a code type associated with the decoder comprises a polar code; and generate a fifth set of bits based at least in part on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a concatenator, wherein the fifth set of bits comprises a set of information bits and a set of cyclic redundancy check bits.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine a length of the fifth set of bits based at least in part on a difference between a length of the first set of bits and a length of the set of shaped bits, wherein the length of the first set of bits is based at least in part on a first coding rate used by a second decoder to perform the error correction decoding operation.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine the length of the set of shaped bits based at least in part on a second coding rate associated with the set of shaped bits and a length associated with the polar code.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the length associated with the polar code is a multiple of a number of resource elements allocated for the set of encoded bits.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a first control message indicating a modulation and coding scheme table, wherein the modulation and coding scheme table comprises an indication of a plurality of coding rates, the plurality of coding rates comprising the first coding rate and the second coding rate; and transmit a second control message comprising a first index and a second index of the modulation and coding scheme table, the first index and the second index identifying the first coding rate and the second coding rate, respectively.

20. A method for wireless communication at a first device, the method comprising: generating a first set of bits and a second set of bits based at least in part on inputting a set of information bits and a set of cyclic redundancy check bits into a demultiplexer; performing a constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits, wherein performing the constellation shaping operation on the first set of bits comprises: generating a first set of coded bits based at least in part on inputting the first set of bits into a first encoder, wherein a code type associated with the first encoder comprises a polar code; generating a set of shaping bits based at least in part on the second set of bits and one or more transmit power parameters associated with the first set of coded bits; and generating a set of output bits based at least in part on the first set of coded bits and the set of shaping bits; performing an error correction encoding operation on the set of output bits and the second set of bits to generate a set of encoded bits; and transmitting the set of encoded bits.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein generating the set of output bits comprises: generating a second set of coded bits based at least in part on inputting the set of shaping bits into a second encoder, wherein a code type associated with the second encoder comprises a polar code; and applying a Boolean function to the second set of coded bits and the first set of coded bits to generate the set of output bits.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein generating the second set of coded bits comprises: mapping the set of shaping bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability that is lower than a channel reliability associated with the first set of component channels, wherein a logical value of each bit in the third set of bits comprises zero, and wherein a length of the third set of bits is based at least in part on a length of the first set of bits.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein generating the first set of coded bits comprises: mapping the first set of bits to a first set of component channels; and mapping a third set of bits to a second set of component channels, the second set of component channels being associated with a channel reliability that is higher than a channel reliability associated with the first set of component channels, wherein a logical value of each bit in the third set of bits comprises zero, and wherein a length of the third set of bits is based at least in part on a length of the set of shaping bits.

24. The method of claim 20, further comprising: performing a power saving procedure based at least in part on the first set of coded bits, wherein generating the set of shaping bits is based at least in part on the power saving procedure.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein performing the power saving procedure comprises: inputting the first set of coded bits and the second set of bits into a table in a row-wise column-wise manner, wherein the table comprises a number of columns based on a length of the first set of coded bits and a number of rows based on a modulation order used for communications between the first device and a second device.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein performing the power saving procedure comprises: inputting a set of padding bits to the table after the first set of input coded bits and the second set of bits, wherein a length of the set of padding bits is based at least in part on a difference between a length of a combination of the first set of coded bits and the second set of bits and a length of the set of encoded bits.

27. The method of claim 20, further comprising: receiving a control message indicating a coding rate associated with the set of shaped bits, wherein a length of the set of shaped bits is based at least in part on the coding rate.

28. A method for wireless communication at a second device, the method comprising: receiving a set of encoded bits; generating a first set of bits based at least in part on performing an error correction decoding operation on the set of encoded bits; generating a second set of bits and a third set of bits based at least in part on inputting the first set of bits into a demultiplexer; performing a constellation de-shaping operation on the second set of bits, wherein performing the constellation de-shaping operation comprises: generating a set of shaped bits and a fourth set of bits based at least in part on inputting the second set of bits into a decoder, wherein a code type associated with the decoder comprises a polar code; and generating a fifth set of bits based at least in part on inputting the fourth set of bits and the third set of bits into a concatenator, wherein the fifth set of bits comprises a set of cyclic redundancy check bits and a set of information bits.

29. The method of claim 28, further comprising: determining a length of the fifth set of bits based at least in part on a difference between a length of the first set of bits and a length of the set of shaped bits, wherein the length of the first set of bits is based at least in part on a first coding rate used by a second decoder to perform the error correction decoding operation.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising: determining the length of the set of shaped bits based at least in part on a second coding rate associated with the set of shaped bits and a length associated with the polar code.

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