A co-woven three-dimensional interpenetrating network reinforced aerogel composite material and a preparation method and application thereof

By using a co-woven three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure and supercritical drying technology, the problems of weak interfacial bonding and high thermal conductivity of traditional fiber-reinforced aerogel composites have been solved. This has enabled the development of lightweight, high-strength, ultra-low thermal conductivity, and excellent wave transmission properties for hypersonic vehicles, meeting the comprehensive performance requirements of high-end equipment.

CN121850590BActive Publication Date: 2026-06-02FEIDU AEROSPACE TECH CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610320113.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-03-17
Publication Date
2026-06-02
Estimated Expiration
2046-03-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional fiber-reinforced aerogel composites in hypersonic vehicles suffer from problems such as weak interfacial bonding, difficulty in controlling fiber distribution, anisotropy, and high thermal conductivity, making it difficult to meet the requirements for synergistic optimization of mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties.

Method used

A co-woven three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure is adopted, in which hollow fibers and solid quartz fibers are integrated and woven or needle-punched to form a continuous network skeleton, and silica-based aerogel is used to fill the pores. Combined with vacuum-pressure gradient impregnation and supercritical drying technology, a composite material with strong interfacial bonding and high porosity is constructed.

Benefits of technology

The material is lightweight, high-strength, has ultra-low thermal conductivity, and excellent wave transmission performance, meeting the requirements of integrated load-bearing, heat insulation, and wave transmission for hypersonic vehicles, and improving the overall mechanical and dielectric stability of the material.

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Abstract

The application provides a kind of co-woven three-dimensional interpenetrating network reinforced aerogel composite material and its preparation method and application.The composite material is composed of reinforced phase and matrix phase, the reinforced phase is three-dimensional interpenetrating network fiber felt prepared by integrated weaving or needling process, containing hollow fiber and solid quartz fiber, which are interpenetrated and entangled in three-dimensional space to form a continuous network skeleton;The matrix phase is silica-based aerogel filled and coated network pores.The preparation method includes the steps of forming, sol impregnation, gelation and aging, supercritical drying and other steps of co-woven preform, and can also include hydrophobic post-processing.The material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, ultra-low thermal conductivity and excellent wave-transparent performance, and is suitable for hypersonic aircraft radome, antenna window, radar fairing and satellite communication wave-transparent components, which can meet the requirements of load bearing, heat insulation and wave-transparent integration.
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