A cultivation shearing irrigation integrated device for root-soil complex

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cultivation shear irrigation integrated device of root-soil complex, it is related to geotechnical-plant interaction test instrument field, including integrated cultivation shear component, monitoring irrigation component and shear loading component;Integrated cultivation shear component includes upper half ring cutter, lower half ring cutter, flange and detachable screw, upper half ring cutter and lower half ring cutter end each connection has flange, two flanges are attached and overlapped, detachable screw is provided with the aperture of flange, monitoring irrigation component includes moisture detector, intelligent valve, controller, water and fertilizer supply box, water pipe and remote computer, the probe of moisture detector is provided with the moisture detector aperture of upper half ring cutter and lower half ring cutter side wall, controller is connected with moisture detector wiring, and is connected with remote computer, intelligent valve signal.The application uses the cultivation shear irrigation integrated device of root-soil complex described above, realizes root-soil complex in-situ cultivation, intelligent irrigation, shear test integrated operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil-rock interaction testing technology, and in particular to an integrated device for cultivating, shearing, and irrigating root-soil complexes. Background Technology

[0002] Root-soil complexes are composite systems with specific mechanical properties and ecological functions formed by the interaction of plant roots and soil. They play an important role in enhancing soil erosion resistance, strengthening slope stability, and improving soil structure, and have already played a key role in ecological restoration projects such as heritage site protection, highway slope protection, and riverbank soil and water conservation. With the increasing demands of ecological construction, higher requirements are being placed on the cultivation quality, performance testing accuracy, and the level of intelligence in the cultivation process of root-soil complexes.

[0003] Currently, the cultivation and subsequent shearing testing of root-soil complexes are mostly carried out in a decentralized manner, which has many technical defects: First, the cultivation and shearing processes are severely disconnected. After cultivation, root-soil complexes need to be manually transported to shearing equipment for performance testing. During the transportation process, soil structure damage, root entanglement, or breakage can easily occur, thus affecting the accuracy of the shearing test results and failing to truly reflect the actual mechanical properties of the root-soil complex. Second, the moisture content control precision during the cultivation process is low. Existing technologies mostly use timed irrigation or experience-based irrigation methods, lacking real-time monitoring and dynamic control of soil moisture. However, the growth status and mechanical properties of root-soil complexes are extremely sensitive to moisture content. Excessive or insufficient moisture will lead to decreased vegetation activity and poor structural stability of the complex, making it difficult to cultivate root-soil complexes with uniform performance. Third, the level of automation is low. Each stage, such as cultivation, irrigation, and shearing, requires separate manual operation, which not only consumes a lot of manpower but also has non-standard operating procedures, making it easy for human error to lead to inconsistent cultivation quality. At the same time, it is impossible to achieve collaborative data collection and analysis of each stage, which is not conducive to the optimization and upgrading of root-soil complex cultivation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated device for the cultivation, shearing, and irrigation of root-soil complexes, which realizes the integrated operation of in-situ cultivation, intelligent irrigation, and shearing testing of root-soil complexes.

[0005] This invention provides an integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites, comprising an integrated cultivation and shearing assembly, a monitoring and irrigation assembly, and a shearing loading assembly. The integrated cultivation and shearing assembly includes an upper ring cutter, a lower ring cutter, flanges, and detachable screws. Flanges are connected to the ends of both the upper and lower ring cutters, and the two flanges overlap and fit together. The detachable screws pass through holes in the flanges. The monitoring and irrigation assembly includes a moisture meter, a controller, a water and fertilizer supply tank, water pipes, a smart valve, and a remote computer. The probe of the moisture meter passes through moisture meter holes in the sidewalls of the upper and lower ring cutters. The controller is wired to the moisture meter and connected to a remote computer. The computer and intelligent valve are connected by signals. The intelligent valve passes through water pipes through the water pipe holes of the upper and lower half-ring cutters, extending to the annular water distribution pipes above the soil and the lower half-ring cutter, respectively. The shear loading assembly includes a normal loading head, a lateral loading device, an upper shear box fixed support, a shear loading platform, a shear box sliding support, and a ball bearing slider. The shear box sliding support is installed on the shear loading platform, and the ball bearing slider is located between the shear box sliding support and the shear loading platform. The upper shear box fixed support is connected to the upper half-ring cutter through the upper shear box top plate, and the lateral loading device is connected to the lower half-ring cutter through the lower shear box push plate. The normal loading head is located above the upper half-ring cutter.

[0006] Preferably, the water pipe hole of the upper ring cutter is set at a 38° angle, and the water pipe is laid in a ring above the soil sample after passing through the water pipe hole.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the lower half ring cutter is provided with an annular water distribution pipe and drainage holes, the water pipe extends into the annular water distribution pipe, a permeable perforated plate is placed above the annular water distribution pipe, and a layer of dense wire mesh is laid on the upper and lower sides of the permeable perforated plate.

[0008] Preferably, the upper half ring cutter and the lower half ring cutter each have three moisture detector holes on their side walls, and a moisture detector probe is inserted into each moisture detector hole.

[0009] Preferably, a remote computer receives moisture detector monitoring data transmitted from the controller.

[0010] Preferably, the shearing loading assembly further includes an upper shear box top plate and a lower shear box push plate, the upper shear box top plate being rigidly connected to the upper half-ring blade, and the lower shear box push plate being rigidly connected to the lower half-ring blade.

[0011] Preferably, the shear box sliding support is provided with a square slot, and the lower half ring knife is fitted into the slot.

[0012] Preferably, the upper half ring cutter, the lower half ring cutter, and the flange are all made of acrylic material, and the flange is integrally formed with the upper half ring cutter and the lower half ring cutter.

[0013] Preferably, the monitoring irrigation component also includes a water and fertilizer supply tank, which is connected to the water inlet of the smart valve, and the water pipe is a multi-hole distributed sprinkler water supply pipe.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned integrated device for cultivating, shearing and irrigating root-soil complexes, realizing the integrated operation of in-situ cultivation, intelligent irrigation and shearing testing of root-soil complexes.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated cultivation and shearing ring cutter of the root-soil composite cultivation, shearing, and irrigation integrated device of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a rear view of the integrated cultivation and shearing ring cutter of the root-soil composite cultivation, shearing, and irrigation integrated device of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cultivation and monitoring irrigation components of an integrated root-soil composite cultivation and shearing irrigation device according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shear loading component structure of an integrated root-soil composite cultivation shearing irrigation device according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shearing system of an integrated root-soil composite cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure Labels 1. Flange; 2. Upper half ring cutter; 3. Lower half ring cutter; 4. Moisture meter hole; 5. Removable screw; 6. Water pipe hole; 7. Drainage hole; 8. Circular water distribution pipe; 9. Moisture meter; 10. Intelligent valve; 11. Controller; 12. Water and fertilizer supply box; 13. Water pipe; 14. Remote computer; 15. Soil; 16. Water and fertilizer; 17. Permeable perforated plate; 18. Normal loading head; 19. Lateral loading device; 20. Upper shear box fixing support; 21. Upper shear box top plate; 22. Lower shear box push plate; 23. Shear box sliding support; 24. Ball bearing slider; 25. Shear loading platform. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention discloses an integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites, comprising an integrated cultivation and shearing assembly, a monitoring and irrigation assembly, and a shearing loading assembly. The integrated cultivation and shearing assembly includes an upper half-ring blade 2, a lower half-ring blade 3, a flange 1, and detachable screws 5. The upper half-ring blade 2 and the lower half-ring blade 3 are each connected to a flange 1 at their ends, and the two flanges 1 are fitted and overlapped. The detachable screws 4 pass through the holes in the flanges 1 to fix the upper half-ring blade 2 and the lower half-ring blade 3. After removing the detachable screws 5, the upper half-ring blade 2 and the lower half-ring blade 3 can slide horizontally relative to each other.

[0022] The irrigation monitoring system comprises a moisture sensor 9, a smart valve 10, a controller 11, a water and fertilizer supply tank 12, a water pipe 13, and a remote computer 14. The probe of the moisture sensor 9 passes through moisture sensor holes 4 on the side walls of the upper half-ring cutter 2 and the lower half-ring cutter 3, and is inserted into the soil 15. The controller 11 is wired to the moisture sensor 9 and connected to the remote computer 14 and the smart valve 10. The water pipe 13 passes through the water pipe holes 6 of the upper half-ring cutter 2 and the lower half-ring cutter 3 via the smart valve 10, extending to the annular water distribution pipe above the soil 15 and the lower half-ring cutter 3, respectively. The shear loading assembly includes a normal loading head 18, a lateral loading device 19, an upper shear box fixing support 20, a shear loading platform 25, a shear box sliding support 23, and a ball block slider 24. The shear box sliding support 23 is installed on the shear loading platform 25, and the ball block slider 24 is located between the shear box sliding support 23 and the shear loading platform 25. The upper shear box fixing support 20 is connected to the upper half-ring cutter 2 through the upper shear box top plate 21, and the lateral loading device 19 is connected to the lower half-ring cutter 2 through the lower shear box push plate 22. The normal loading head 18 is located above the upper half-ring cutter 2.

[0023] The water pipe hole 6 of the upper ring cutter 2 is set at a 38° angle, and the water pipe 13 is laid in a ring above the soil sample after passing through the water pipe hole 6.

[0024] The bottom of the lower half ring cutter 3 is provided with an annular water distribution pipe 8 and a drainage hole 7. The water pipe 13 extends into the annular water distribution pipe 8. A permeable perforated plate 17 is placed above the annular water distribution pipe 8. A layer of steel wire mesh is laid on the upper and lower sides of the permeable perforated plate 17.

[0025] The upper half ring cutter 2 and the lower half ring cutter 3 each have three moisture detector holes 4 on their side walls, and a moisture detector probe 9 is inserted into each moisture detector hole 4.

[0026] The remote computer 14 receives monitoring data from the moisture detector 9 transmitted by the controller 11. The remote computer 14 has built-in moisture threshold parameters. The intelligent valve 10 automatically performs opening and closing actions by comparing the monitoring data with the threshold parameters.

[0027] The shearing loading assembly also includes an upper shear box top plate 21 and a lower shear box push plate 22. The upper shear box top plate 21 is rigidly connected to the upper half ring knife 2, and the lower shear box push plate 22 is rigidly connected to the lower half ring knife 3.

[0028] The shear box sliding support 23 is provided with a square slot, and the lower half ring knife 3 is adapted to be snapped into the slot.

[0029] The upper half ring cutter 2, the lower half ring cutter 3, and the flange 1 are all made of acrylic material. The flange 1 is integrally formed with the upper half ring cutter 2 and the lower half ring cutter 3.

[0030] The flange 1 has bolt holes, and the upper ring cutter 2 and lower ring cutter 3 are rigidly fixed and quickly disassembled using detachable screws 5. Both the upper ring cutter 2 and lower ring cutter 3 are made of acrylic, facilitating observation of plant growth within the soil during planting. The high rigidity of the acrylic material can withstand the pressure loads during cultivation and shearing. Moisture sensor holes 4 are provided on the side walls of both the upper ring cutter 2 and lower ring cutter 3 for inserting moisture sensors 9 to monitor soil moisture in real time. Water pipe holes 6 are provided at a 38° angle and connected to water pipe 13. During planting, the water pipe 13 above the upper ring cutter 2 is laid in a disc shape above the soil 15, and the water pipe below the lower ring cutter 3 is laid along the annular water distribution pipe 8 to achieve uniform water and fertilizer supply. A permeable perforated plate 17 is placed above the annular water distribution pipe 8 to distribute water evenly and support the soil sample above. Drainage holes 7 are provided at the bottom of the lower ring cutter 3 to promptly drain excess water and prevent root rot.

[0031] The irrigation monitoring system consists of a moisture sensor 9, a smart valve 10, a controller 11, a water and fertilizer supply box 12, a water pipe 13, and a remote computer 14. Water and fertilizer are supplied via the water pipe 13 connected to the water inlet 6 of the ring cutter. Test soil 15 is layered and compacted to a preset density inside the lower half of the ring cutter 3, and target plant seeds are sown on the soil surface. A moisture sensor 9 is inserted through the moisture sensor hole 4. The moisture sensor 9 collects soil moisture data in real time and feeds it back to the controller 11 via a data cable. The controller 11 transmits the real-time monitored soil moisture data to the remote computer 14. The remote computer 14 recognizes the signal and sends instructions to the controller 11. When the moisture level is below a set threshold, the controller 11 sends an instruction to the smart valve 10, which opens to automatically replenish water. When the moisture level is below the set threshold, the controller 11 sends an instruction to the smart valve 10, which closes. When the intelligent valve 10 is activated, the water and fertilizer 16 in the water and fertilizer supply tank 12 enter the upper and lower water distribution areas through the water pipe 13 and the water pipe hole 6 to replenish water. The water pipe 13 is a multi-hole distributed spray water delivery pipe that evenly moistens the soil. After the root system develops to the preset stage of the experiment, cultivation is stopped and preparations are made for the shearing experiment.

[0032] The shearing loading assembly includes a normal loading head 18, a lateral loading device 19, an upper shearing box fixing support 20, a shearing loading platform 25, a shearing box sliding support 23, and a ball bearing slider 24. Before shearing, the removable screws 5 are removed so that the upper half-ring blade 2 and the lower half-ring blade 3 are only vertically attached and can slide freely in the horizontal direction. The planting and cultivation device is installed on the shearing loading platform 25, so that the upper half-ring blade 2 is rigidly connected to the top plate 21 of the upper shearing box and is horizontally positioned by the upper shearing box fixing support 20; the lower half-ring blade 3 is rigidly connected to the lower shearing box push plate 22 and is supported by the shearing box sliding support 23, and its bottom is horizontally slid with low resistance by the ball bearing slider 24.

[0033] During shearing, the normal loading head 18 is activated to apply a preset normal pressure to the upper half-ring cutter 2 and maintain it constant; the lateral loading device 19 is activated to push the lower shear box pusher plate 22, causing the lower half-ring cutter 3 to slide horizontally at a uniform speed along the ball bearing slider 24, causing the root-soil composite to undergo shear deformation at the interface between the upper and lower half-ring cutters. During the shearing process, the moisture sensor 9 continuously monitors changes in soil moisture, and the sensor synchronously collects shear force and shear displacement data, which are transmitted to the remote computer 14 in real time. After the sample is damaged or the preset shear displacement is reached, loading is stopped and the device is removed; after cleaning the ring cutter cavity, the detachable screw 5 is reinserted to fix the upper and lower half-ring cutters, and the next set of tests can be carried out.

[0034] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned integrated cultivation, shearing and irrigation device for root-soil complex, realizing the integrated operation of in-situ cultivation, intelligent irrigation and shear testing of root-soil complex. It adopts a detachable flange threaded connection and an acrylic material visualization structure, and is equipped with monitoring irrigation components. There is no disturbance during sample transfer throughout the process, and the cultivation environment is precisely controlled, which further improves the accuracy and efficiency of root-soil shear resistance testing.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for cultivating, shearing, and irrigating root-soil composites, characterized in that, The system includes an integrated cultivation shearing assembly, a monitoring and irrigation assembly, and a shear loading assembly. The integrated cultivation shearing assembly comprises an upper ring cutter, a lower ring cutter, flanges, and detachable screws. Flanges are connected to the ends of both the upper and lower ring cutters, and the two flanges overlap and fit together. The detachable screws pass through holes in the flanges. The monitoring and irrigation assembly includes a moisture meter, a controller, a water and fertilizer supply tank, water pipes, a smart valve, and a remote computer. The moisture meter probe passes through moisture meter holes in the side walls of both the upper and lower ring cutters. The controller is wired to the moisture meter and connected to the remote computer and smart valve. The valves pass through the water pipe holes of the upper and lower ring cutters via water pipes, extending to the annular water distribution pipes above the soil and the lower ring cutter, respectively. The shear loading assembly includes a normal loading head, a lateral loading device, an upper shear box fixed support, a shear loading platform, a shear box sliding support, and a ball bearing slider. The shear box sliding support is installed on the shear loading platform, and the ball bearing slider is located between the shear box sliding support and the shear loading platform. The upper shear box fixed support is connected to the upper ring cutter via the upper shear box top plate, and the lateral loading device is connected to the lower ring cutter via the lower shear box push plate. The normal loading head is located above the upper ring cutter.

2. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pipe hole of the upper ring cutter is set at a 38° angle, and the water pipe is laid in a ring above the soil sample after passing through the water pipe hole.

3. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower ring cutter is equipped with an annular water distribution pipe and drainage holes. The water pipe extends into the annular water distribution pipe. A permeable perforated plate is placed above the annular water distribution pipe, and a layer of dense wire mesh is laid on both the upper and lower sides of the permeable perforated plate.

4. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ring cutters each have three moisture detector holes on their side walls, and a moisture detector probe is inserted into each moisture detector hole.

5. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote computer receives moisture detection data transmitted from the controller.

6. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shearing loading assembly also includes an upper shear box top plate and a lower shear box push plate. The upper shear box top plate is rigidly connected to the upper half-ring blade, and the lower shear box push plate is rigidly connected to the lower half-ring blade.

7. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear box sliding support is provided with a square slot, and the lower half ring knife is fitted into the slot.

8. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ring cutters and the flange are all made of acrylic material, and the flange is integrally formed with the upper and lower ring cutters.

9. The integrated cultivation, shearing, and irrigation device for root-soil composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring irrigation component also includes a water and fertilizer supply tank, which is connected to the inlet of the smart valve, and the water pipe is a multi-hole distributed sprinkler water delivery pipe.

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