A device for the first aid of pneumothorax in a field trauma patient

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an emergency device for pneumothorax in trauma patients in the field. The device includes a puncture head with an exchange channel at its center, connected to a syringe for aspirating gas, and a piston rod slidably fitted inside the syringe. It also includes a suction cup that slidably engages with the puncture head, connected to the exchange channel, and used to adhere to and hold the puncture head on the skin of the chest cavity. The outer wall of the syringe has a storage cavity for storing disinfectant or anesthetic, connected to the exchange channel. The top of the suction cup has a limiting mechanism for fixing the puncture head based on pressure changes when the puncture head punctures the pleural membrane. This invention reduces the risk of infection for patients, ensures stability during puncture, facilitates independent operation by physicians, and alleviates the stress of field medical procedures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an emergency device for pneumothorax in trauma patients in the field. Background Technology

[0002] Pneumothorax is a pathological condition caused by abnormally high pressure within the pleural cavity due to damage to the chest wall or lung tissue, leading to lung collapse and respiratory dysfunction. If intervention is not implemented within the golden time frame, it can rapidly lead to respiratory and circulatory failure and even death. In the wild or similar complex environments, such as accidental drops, direct injuries from sticks, and improper medical treatment, pneumothorax becomes a high-risk and critical complication.

[0003] Traditional emergency treatment for pneumothorax primarily relies on thoracentesis to decompress the lungs, establishing a channel for gas drainage to relieve intrathoracic pressure. However, pneumothorax procedures are complex, requiring medical personnel to accurately determine the puncture depth and location. Errors can easily lead to secondary lung damage or vascular rupture. Furthermore, in outdoor environments, limited sterilization and medical facilities increase the risk of infection. Blind puncture by medical personnel can also increase the risk of over-puncture due to patient movement. Therefore, this invention addresses this issue by providing a pneumothorax emergency device that reduces the risk of infection for patients in limited outdoor medical environments, ensures stability during puncture, and is easy for physicians to operate independently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an emergency pneumothorax device for trauma patients in the field, which reduces the risk of infection, ensures stability during puncture, facilitates independent operation by physicians, and alleviates the stress of field medical care.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field, including a puncture head, an exchange channel at the center of the puncture head, a syringe for aspirating gas connected to the puncture head, and a piston rod slidably fitted inside the syringe; and a suction cup slidably fitted with the puncture head, the suction cup being connected to the exchange channel and used to adhere and hold the device on the skin of the chest cavity.

[0006] The syringe has a storage cavity on its outer wall for storing disinfectant or anesthetic. The storage cavity is connected to the exchange channel. The top of the suction cup is equipped with a limiting mechanism for fixing the puncture head based on the pressure change when the puncture head punctures the pleural membrane.

[0007] Furthermore, transparent layers are fixedly connected to both sides of the syringe, and scale lines are engraved on the transparent layers.

[0008] Furthermore, a connecting block is connected to the bottom of the syringe, and the connecting block is threadedly connected to the puncture head; a first valve and a one-way valve for allowing air inside the syringe to flow unidirectionally to the outside are connected to the outer wall of the syringe; a three-way solenoid valve is connected inside the connecting block; a partition is divided inside the puncture head, and the partition is used to divide the exchange channel into a first channel and a second channel; the three-way solenoid valve is connected to the first channel and the second channel respectively, and a one-way valve is connected to both the first channel and the second channel.

[0009] Furthermore, an expansion bladder is fixedly connected to the surface of the syringe, and a storage cavity is located inside the expansion bladder. An air tube is provided inside the syringe, and a second valve is connected to the air tube. The second valve is located on the surface of the syringe. One end of the air tube is connected to the expansion bladder, and the other end of the air tube is connected to the end of the syringe near the connecting block.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes an extension block that is fixedly connected to the top of the suction cup. The extension block has several mounting cavities, and a pneumatic push rod is slidably fitted in the mounting cavity. The pneumatic push rod is arranged in a ring around the extension block.

[0011] The air inlet end of the pneumatic actuator is connected to a connecting tube, and the end of the connecting tube away from the pneumatic actuator is connected to a syringe. A third valve is connected to the connecting tube. The output end of the pneumatic actuator is fixedly connected to a locking block, which is in clearance fit with the mounting cavity. A spring connection is provided between the locking block and the pneumatic actuator.

[0012] When the pneumatic actuator is under negative pressure, the locking block separates from the puncture head, and the spring is compressed. When the pneumatic actuator is connected to the gas inside the pleural lining through the trachea and puncture head, the spring is in a naturally extended state, and the locking block separates from the puncture head.

[0013] Furthermore, a covering film is provided at the center of the suction cup, and the covering film is also located at the connection between the extension block and the mounting cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, an indicator block is slidably fitted on the top of the extension block, and a return spring is connected between the indicator block and the extension block;

[0015] When the cover film is intact, the indicator block is hidden inside the extension block, and the mounting cavity is under negative pressure; when the cover film is damaged, the indicator block is pushed out of the extension block by the return spring.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the locking block near the puncture head is curved, and the curved surface of the locking block matches the outer wall of the puncture head.

[0017] Furthermore, the end of the suction cup furthest from the puncture head has a slot for placing a stethoscope.

[0018] Furthermore, a catheter can be detachably connected between the puncture head and the syringe.

[0019] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In this procedure, the piston rod slides inside the syringe, allowing the physician to control the movement of the piston rod within the syringe when inserting the puncture head into the pleural lining, thereby aspirating air or fluid from the pleural cavity.

[0021] 2. This procedure stores disinfectant or anesthetic in a storage chamber. When inserting the puncture head into the thoracic cavity, the piston rod and syringe work together to draw the disinfectant or anesthetic into the syringe as needed. When skin surface disinfection is required, the puncture head is placed on a suction cup, and the piston rod moves the syringe to aspirate or deliver the disinfectant, spraying it onto the suction cup and reducing the risk of infection. Similarly, anesthetic can be aspirated or delivered to facilitate injection and subsequent procedures by the physician.

[0022] 3. In this procedure, during the puncture process, a limiting mechanism is used to actively lock and fix the puncture head according to the air pressure change when the puncture head punctures the pleural lining. This reminds the physician to puncture the puncture head and ensures support stability during the puncture process, making it easier for the physician to operate independently and alleviating the tension of field medical care.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an embodiment of the pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a syringe;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of part C in the middle.

[0030] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. puncture head; 2. syringe; 21. connecting block; 22. piston rod; 23. scale line; 3. suction cup; 31. slot; 4. expansion bladder; 5. extension block; 51. connecting tube; 52. pneumatic rod; 53. covering membrane; 54. indicator block. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] As attached Figures 1 to 6The image shows an emergency device for pneumothorax in trauma patients in the field, comprising a puncture head 1 with an exchange channel at its center. A catheter is detachably connected between the puncture head 1 and a syringe 2. The puncture head 1 is connected to the syringe 2 for aspirating gas, and a piston rod 22 is slidably fitted inside the syringe 2. A connecting block 21 is connected to the bottom of the syringe 2 and is threadedly connected to the puncture head 1. A first valve and a one-way valve for allowing air to flow unidirectionally from the syringe 2 to the outside are connected to the outer wall of the syringe 2. A three-way solenoid valve is connected inside the connecting block 21. The puncture head 1 is divided by a partition, which divides the exchange channel into a first channel and a second channel. The three-way solenoid valve is connected to both the first and second channels, and one-way valves are connected to both channels. In this embodiment, the three-way solenoid valve is electrically connected to a control button for switching the connection status of the three-way solenoid valve, and the control button is located on the outer wall of the connecting block 21.

[0037] It also includes a suction cup 3 that slides with the puncture head 1. The suction cup 3 is connected to the exchange channel and is used to adhere to and hold the needle on the skin of the chest cavity. The outer wall of the syringe 2 has a storage cavity for storing disinfectant or anesthetic. The storage cavity is connected to the exchange channel. An expansion bladder 4 is fixedly connected to the surface of the syringe 2. The storage cavity is located inside the expansion bladder 4. A trachea is provided inside the syringe 2. A second valve is connected to the trachea. The second valve is located on the surface of the syringe 2. One end of the trachea is connected to the expansion bladder 4, and the other end of the trachea is connected to the end of the syringe 2 near the connecting block 21.

[0038] The suction cup 3 is equipped with a limiting mechanism at its top for fixing the puncture head 1 based on the pressure change when the puncture head 1 punctures the pleural membrane. The limiting mechanism includes an extension block 5 fixedly connected to the top of the suction cup 3. The extension block 5 has several installation cavities, and a pneumatic push rod 52 is slidably fitted in each installation cavity. The pneumatic push rod 52 is arranged in a ring around the extension block. The air inlet end of the pneumatic push rod 52 is connected to a connecting pipe 51. The end of the connecting pipe 51 away from the pneumatic push rod 52 is connected to the syringe 2. A third valve is connected to the connecting pipe 51. A locking block is fixedly connected to the output end of the pneumatic push rod 52. The locking block is in clearance fit with the installation cavity, and a spring is provided between the locking block and the pneumatic push rod 52. When the inside of the pneumatic push rod 52 is in a negative pressure state, that is, compared with the external atmospheric pressure, the locking block separates from the puncture head 1, and the spring is in a compressed state. When the pneumatic push rod 52 is connected to the gas inside the pleural membrane through the trachea and the puncture head 1, the spring is in a naturally extended state, and the locking block separates from the puncture head 1.

[0039] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0040] Before use, the detachable puncture head 1 (i.e., the needle described in this embodiment) allows for the selection of different needles for puncture operations based on the patient's specific condition. For example, a large-bore needle (16-20G intravenous catheter or 18-gauge needle) can quickly expel air and relieve breathing difficulties; while a fine-bore needle (0.6-0.9mm outer diameter puncture needle) causes less trauma, reduces the risk of infection, and is suitable for patients undergoing conservative treatment or with milder conditions. It also facilitates the separation of the needle from the syringe 2 after pneumothorax puncture, allowing for the placement of the needle in place and connection to a drainage tube, which is convenient for subsequent monitoring of the patient's recovery.

[0041] The first and second channels inside the puncture head 1 are separated and connected, which makes it easy to separate aspiration and injection, reducing mutual interference between the two. The connection between the first and second channels inside the puncture head 1 and the syringe 2 is switched by a three-way solenoid valve and controlled by the control button on the outside of the connecting block 21, which facilitates quick switching during use.

[0042] The catheter extends the connection between the puncture head 1 and the syringe 2, allowing the puncture process of the puncture head 1 to be separated from the aspiration process of the syringe 2. The flexible connection of the catheter allows the syringe 2 to be connected at angles where it is inconvenient to perform the operation on the patient's body position, thereby improving the convenience of use.

[0043] During the process of the physician holding the syringe 2 to puncture the pleural cavity, the suction cup 3 is first placed on the surface of the pleural cavity, and the puncture needle is placed inside the suction cup 3. The piston rod 22 is slid inside the syringe 2 to maintain the negative pressure inside the suction cup 3 and adhere it to the skin surface, so as to maintain the position of the puncture head 1 and improve the restriction on the lateral movement of the puncture head 1.

[0044] During the puncture, disinfectant or anesthetic is stored in the storage chamber. When the puncture head 1 is inserted into the thoracic cavity, the piston rod 22 and syringe 2 work together to draw the disinfectant or anesthetic into the syringe 2 as needed. When skin surface disinfection is required, the puncture head 1 is placed on the suction cup 3, and the piston rod 22 moves the syringe 2 to aspirate or deliver the disinfectant, spraying the disinfectant into the suction cup 3 to reduce the risk of infection. Similarly, anesthetic can be aspirated or delivered to facilitate injection and subsequent procedures by the physician.

[0045] When it is necessary to spray disinfectant to disinfect the skin surface or inject anesthetic for local anesthesia, the trachea connected to the expansion bladder 4 is opened through the second valve. Then, the expansion bladder 4 is squeezed to allow the disinfectant or anesthetic stored inside the expansion bladder 4 to enter the syringe 2 through the trachea. Then, the first and second channels inside the puncture head 1 are switched through the three-way solenoid valve to deliver the disinfectant or anesthetic through different channels inside the puncture head 1.

[0046] At the same time, depending on the needs of the puncture process, the first valve facilitates the separation of the syringe 2 during the delivery of disinfectant or anesthetic solution, reducing mutual interference when the syringe 2 delivers disinfectant or anesthetic solution.

[0047] When syringe 2 is in normal condition, it maintains a negative pressure or a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure to facilitate aspiration when the puncture head 1 punctures the pleural lining and allows air to flow into the pleural cavity. Simultaneously, the negative pressure or lower-than-atmospheric pressure inside syringe 2 keeps the locking block inside the air plunger 52 contracted. This prevents air from entering the air plunger 52 along the puncture head 1 and connecting tube 51 when the puncture head 1 punctures the pleural lining, disrupting the pressure balance inside the air plunger 52. The spring then pushes the locking block to lock and fix the puncture head 1, limiting its further insertion. This alerts the physician to puncture the puncture head 1, allowing for adjustments to the subsequent insertion strategy and reducing secondary lung tissue damage or blood vessel rupture. Furthermore, fixing the puncture head 1 ensures stability during the puncture process, facilitating independent operation by the physician and alleviating the stress of field medical procedures.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that a transparent layer is fixedly connected to both sides of the syringe 2, and scale lines 23 are engraved on the transparent layer.

[0050] The specific implementation process is as follows: The transparent layer facilitates the confirmation of the movement of the piston rod 22 inside the syringe 2 to understand the current negative pressure aspiration situation. At the same time, the transparent layer displays the substances present in the syringe 2 to determine whether there is bleeding in the pleural cavity.

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] The difference from Embodiment 2 is that a covering film 53 is provided at the center of the suction cup 3, and the covering film 53 is also located at the connection between the extension block 5 and the mounting cavity.

[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows: The center of the suction cup 3 is covered and shielded by the covering film 53. When the piercing head 1 pierces the covering film 53 and enters the suction cup 3, the remaining covering film 53 fills the gap generated during the movement of the suction cup 3 and the piercing head 1, ensuring the airtightness of the suction cup 3. At the same time, the covering film 53 seals the mounting cavity inside the extension block 5, ensuring that the mounting cavity inside the extension block 5 is sealed, so as to maintain the pressure state inside the air push rod 52.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] The difference from Embodiment 3 is that an indicator block 54 is slidably fitted on the top of the extension block 5, and a reset spring connects the indicator block 54 and the extension block 5. When the covering film 53 is intact, the indicator block 54 is hidden inside the extension block 5, and the mounting cavity is under negative pressure. When the covering film 53 is damaged, the indicator block 54 is pushed out of the extension block 5 by the reset spring. The end of the locking block near the puncture head 1 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped surface of the locking block matches the outer wall of the puncture head 1.

[0056] The specific implementation process is as follows: Under normal circumstances, the covering film 53 is used to seal and maintain the negative pressure inside the extension block 5, so as to maintain the position of the indicator block 54 against the elastic force of the reset spring, and the indicator block 54 is hidden inside the extension block 5; when the output end of the air push rod 52 extends and punctures the covering film 53, the negative pressure state of the mounting cavity inside the extension block 5 is broken, so that the reset spring is no longer hindered by the atmospheric pressure difference, and the spring releases the elastic force to push the indicator block 54 out for display, so as to remind the doctor to work.

[0057] At the same time, the covering film 53 is punctured through the two curved ends to facilitate the destruction of the covering film 53. Then, the curved surface of the card block is fitted and matched with the outer wall of the puncture head 1 to improve the stability of the card block in contact with the puncture head 1.

[0058] Example 5:

[0059] The difference from Example 4 is that the suction cup 3 has a slot 31 at the end away from the puncture head 1, which is used to place a stethoscope.

[0060] The specific implementation process is as follows: Before installing the suction cup 3, the stethoscope is placed inside the suction cup 3. The pressure applied during the process of the suction cup 3 adhering to the skin maintains continuous contact between the stethoscope and the skin surface. This facilitates the physician's confirmation of the sound when the puncture breaks through the pleural membrane and the sound during the chest air aspiration process during field puncture. This improves the accuracy of control during pneumothorax puncture and increases the physician's treatment efficiency.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field, comprising a puncture head (1), an exchange channel at the center of the puncture head (1), and a syringe (2) for aspirating gas connected to the puncture head (1), wherein a piston rod (22) is slidably fitted inside the syringe (2); characterized in that, It also includes a suction cup (3) that slides with the puncture head (1), the suction cup (3) is connected to the exchange channel, and the suction cup (3) is used to adhere to and hold the thoracic skin; The syringe (2) has a storage cavity on its outer wall for storing disinfectant or anesthetic. The storage cavity is connected to the exchange channel. The suction cup (3) has a limiting mechanism on its top for fixing the puncture head (1) based on the pressure change when the puncture head (1) punctures the pleural membrane.

2. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The syringe (2) has a transparent layer fixedly connected to both sides, and scale lines (23) are engraved on the transparent layer.

3. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the syringe (2) is connected to a connecting block (21), which is threadedly connected to the puncture head (1); the outer wall of the syringe (2) is connected to a first valve and a one-way valve for allowing the air inside the syringe (2) to flow unidirectionally to the outside; the connecting block (21) is connected to a three-way solenoid valve; the puncture head (1) is divided into a partition, which is used to divide the exchange channel into a first channel and a second channel; the three-way solenoid valve is connected to the first channel and the second channel respectively, and the first channel and the second channel are connected to a one-way valve.

4. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 3, characterized in that, An expansion bladder (4) is fixedly connected to the surface of the syringe (2). The storage chamber is located inside the expansion bladder (4). An air tube is provided inside the syringe (2). A second valve is connected to the air tube. The second valve is located on the surface of the syringe (2). One end of the air tube is connected to the expansion bladder (4), and the other end of the air tube is connected to the end of the syringe (2) near the connecting block (21).

5. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism includes an extension block (5) fixedly connected to the top of the suction cup (3). The extension block (5) has several mounting cavities. A pneumatic push rod (52) is slidably fitted in the mounting cavity. The pneumatic push rod (52) is arranged in a ring around the extension block (5). The air inlet end of the air push rod (52) is connected to a connecting pipe (51), and the end of the connecting pipe (51) away from the air push rod (52) is connected to the syringe (2). A third valve is connected to the connecting pipe (51). The output end of the air push rod (52) is fixedly connected to a locking block. The locking block is in clearance fit with the mounting cavity, and a spring connection is provided between the locking block and the air push rod (52). When the air push rod (52) is under negative pressure, the locking block separates from the puncture head (1) and the spring is in a compressed state; when the air push rod (52) is connected to the gas inside the pleural lining through the trachea and the puncture head (1), the spring is in a naturally extended state and the locking block separates from the puncture head (1).

6. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 5, characterized in that, The suction cup (3) has a covering film (53) at its center, and the covering film (53) is also located at the connection between the extension block (5) and the mounting cavity.

7. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 6, characterized in that, An indicator block (54) is slidably fitted on the top of the extension block (5), and a return spring is connected between the indicator block (54) and the extension block (5); When the cover film (53) is intact, the indicator block (54) is hidden inside the extension block (5), and the mounting cavity is under negative pressure. When the cover film (53) is damaged, the indicator block (54) is pushed out of the extension block (5) by the reset spring.

8. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the clasp near the puncture head (1) is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped surface of the clasp matches the outer wall of the puncture head (1).

9. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 8, characterized in that, The suction cup (3) has a slot (31) at the end away from the puncture head (1), which is used to place a stethoscope.

10. The pneumothorax emergency device for trauma patients in the field according to claim 9, characterized in that, A catheter can also be detachably connected between the puncture head (1) and the syringe (2).

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