Soil conditioner and application in saline-alkali land remediation
By preparing a soil conditioner containing Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belyssus, the problem of cotton growing difficulties in alkaline soil was solved, resulting in a reduction in soil alkalinity and pH, and an improvement in cotton yield and quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG AGRI UNIV FERTILIZER TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Cotton has difficulty growing in alkaline soils, and existing technologies are insufficient to effectively improve alkaline soils to enhance their quality and yield.
Soil remediation bacterial powder containing Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belye was used to prepare a soil conditioner through centrifugation, spray drying, mixing, granulation, and sieving. Combined with maifanite powder, dolomite powder, activated humic acid, and soybean meal powder, a conditioner with active ingredients such as extracellular polysaccharides was formed to reduce soil alkalinity and pH value and improve soil structure.
It significantly reduces soil alkalinity and pH, increases the proportion of cotton flowers before frost and the yield per acre, and improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil, meeting the requirements for cotton planting.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil conditioner technology, specifically to a soil conditioner and its application in the remediation of saline-alkali land. Background Technology
[0002] Saline-alkali land is a type of soil where salt accumulation affects crop growth. According to incomplete statistics from UNESCO and FAO, the global area of saline-alkali land is approximately 900 million hectares, of which about 90 million hectares are in my country. The formation of alkaline and alkalized soils in my country is largely related to the accumulation of carbonates in the soil, resulting in generally high alkalinity. In severely saline-alkali soil areas, plants can hardly survive.
[0003] Cotton is a plant belonging to the genus *Gossypium* in the family Malvaceae. It includes upland cotton, herbaceous cotton, and tree cotton, and is an annual herbaceous or subshrub plant with sparsely covered long, soft hairs on its twigs. The seeds are separate, oval, and have long white cottony hairs and short, grayish-white, non-removable cottony hairs. my country's annual cotton production exceeds six million tons, with a cotton planting area of approximately three million hectares. Cotton is an important economic crop in China and a pillar industry related to the national economy and people's livelihood. Cotton has poor tolerance to alkaline soils; if the soil is alkaline, it needs to be improved to meet the requirements for cotton cultivation. Therefore, the preparation of an alkaline soil conditioner is of practical significance for improving the quality and yield of cotton. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a soil conditioner and its application in the remediation of saline-alkali land.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a soil conditioner comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts soil remediation bacterial powder, 20-40 parts maifanite powder, 15-25 parts dolomite powder, 10-20 parts activated humic acid, and 20-40 parts soybean meal powder. The soil remediation microbial powder includes at least one of Bacillus polymyxa powder or Bacillus vesiculosus powder.
[0006] Furthermore, the number of effective live bacteria in the soil remediation bacterial powder is not less than 10. 8 CFU / g.
[0007] Furthermore, in the soil remediation bacterial powder, the ratio of viable bacteria of Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belye was (1-3):(1-3).
[0008] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned soil conditioner, comprising the following steps: (1) Centrifugation and spray drying: Soil remediation bacterial powder is obtained by centrifugation and spray drying in sequence; (2) Mixing: Mix the soil remediation bacteria powder, maifanite powder, dolomite powder, activated humic acid, and soybean meal powder according to the required proportions. (3) Granulation: The material that has been mixed evenly is granulated after being quantitatively measured; (4) Screening: The granulated product is screened to obtain the acid soil remediation microbial agent.
[0009] Furthermore, the sieve mesh size is 200-500 mesh.
[0010] A third aspect of the invention provides the use of the soil conditioner in any one of the following (i)-(V): (i) Reduce soil alkalinity; (ii) Lower the soil pH value; (iii) Increase the proportion of flowers blooming before frost; (iV) Increase cotton yield per acre; (V) Saline-alkali land restoration.
[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention mixes *Bacillus polymyxa* powder and *Bacillus vesiliflorus* powder in a specific ratio to obtain a soil remediation bacterial powder, which is then further used to prepare a soil conditioner. When applied to cotton cultivation, this product can reduce soil alkalinity, lower pH, increase the proportion of pre-frost flowers, and improve yield per acre. The example group showed the best performance, with an alkalinity of 4.7%, a pH of 7.0, a pre-frost flower proportion of 92.6%, and a yield of 373.4 kg per acre. It is evident that adding soil remediation bacterial powder containing live bacteria powder of *Bacillus polymyxa* and *Bacillus vesiliflorus* can significantly improve alkaline soil, increase the pre-frost flower proportion, and improve yield, thus better meeting the requirements for cotton cultivation. Detailed Implementation
[0012] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.
[0013] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0014] Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) are high-molecular-weight carbohydrates that microorganisms actively synthesize and secrete outside their cells during growth, metabolism, and adaptation to soil environments (drought, salinity, heavy metal stress). EPS achieves the synergistic restoration of soil physical, chemical, and biological properties by cementing soil, fixing heavy metals, degrading pollutants, and retaining water and fertilizer. This is the key mechanism by which microbial agents exert their effects.
[0015] Polymyxin Bacillus ( Paenibacillus polymyxa The secretions of this plant include extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid), plant hormones, phosphorus and potassium solubilizing enzymes, and antibacterial substances. Its effects on alkaline soil remediation are as follows: 1. Lowering pH and neutralizing alkalinity: Secreting organic acids directly neutralizes soil OH⁻, reducing alkalinity and alleviating alkaline stress. 2. Improving soil compaction, aeration, and water permeability: EPS binds soil particles into aggregates, increasing porosity and reducing the "shell" of saline-alkali soil. 3. Fixing sodium ions and reducing alkali damage: EPS contains a large number of negatively charged functional groups that adsorb Na⁺, reducing soil exchangeable sodium and alleviating alkalinity. 4. Solubilizing phosphorus and potassium and releasing nutrients: Secreting organic acids and enzymes converts insoluble phosphorus and potassium into usable forms. 5. Promoting root growth, increasing salt tolerance, and improving seedling emergence rate: Secretions contain hormones such as IAA, promoting root growth and enhancing salt and alkali tolerance.
[0016] Bacillus belesiensis ( Bacillus velezensis The secretions of this plant include extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), lipopeptides, organic acids, proteases, phospholytic enzymes, and growth-promoting substances. Its remediation effects on alkaline soils are as follows: 1. Secretion of organic acids, lowering soil pH: Producing lactic acid, malic acid, etc., can neutralize alkalinity and improve the high pH environment. 2. Improvement of alkaline soil structure: Maintaining a granular structure over the long term, reducing salt return and alkali return. 3. Inhibition of harmful bacteria and improvement of microecology: Secreting lipopeptide antibacterial substances inhibits harmful fungi in alkaline soils, allowing beneficial bacteria to dominate and improving soil health. 4. Chelation of heavy metals and reduction of heavy metal activity in alkaline soils: EPS can chelate Cd, Pb, and Cr, stabilizing them and preventing their absorption by crops. 5. Enhancement of soil water and fertilizer retention capacity: EPS has strong water absorption capacity, reducing water evaporation in alkaline soils and inhibiting salt accumulation on the surface.
[0017] The experimental materials used in the embodiments of this invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional experimental materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels. The *Bacillus polymyxa* used is... Paenibacillus polymyxa The *Bacillus belye* strain used was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), CGMCC number CGMCC 1.64712. Bacillus velezensisThe following information has been published in the article "Bacillus bereaves DSYZ Whole Genome Sequencing and Culture Condition Optimization" (13th National Soil Microbiology Symposium and 6th National Microbial Fertilizer Production Technology Symposium); the specifications of the maifanite powder are SiO2≥35% and MgO≥8%, purchased from Mengyin County Kangyuan Maifanite Products Factory; the specifications of the dolomite powder are CaO≥25% and MgO≥18%, purchased from Junan Shimeng Mining Co., Ltd.; the specifications of the activated humic acid are organic matter≥50%, purchased from Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd.; and the specifications of the soybean meal powder are organic matter≥60%, purchased from Shangqiu Tianchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0018] Example 1: Soil conditioner The soil conditioner is composed of the following: 6wt% soil remediation bacterial powder, 30wt% maifanite powder, 20wt% dolomite powder, 14wt% activated humic acid, and 30wt% soybean meal powder.
[0019] The soil remediation bacterial powder used consisted of Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belysinus, with an effective viable count of 5 × 10⁻⁶ bacteria. 8 The CFU / g ratio of viable Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belyssus was 2:3.
[0020] The preparation method of soil conditioner is as follows: (1) Centrifugation and spray drying: Soil remediation bacterial powder is produced using centrifuges and spray drying equipment; (2) Mixing: Soil remediation bacterial powder, maifanite powder, dolomite powder, activated humic acid, and soybean meal powder are added to the mixing tank according to the required proportions using a quantitative scale and then mixed. (3) Granulation: The uniformly mixed material is fed into the extrusion granulator through a quantitative weighing scale for granulation; (4) Screening: The granulated product is screened through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the soil conditioner.
[0021] The extracellular polysaccharide content in the soil conditioner was determined to be 1.2 mg / g.
[0022] Example 2: Soil conditioner The soil conditioner is composed of the following: 6wt% soil remediation bacterial powder, 30wt% maifanite powder, 20wt% dolomite powder, 14wt% activated humic acid, and 30wt% soybean meal powder.
[0023] The soil remediation bacterial powder used consisted of Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belysinus, with an effective viable count of 5 × 10⁻⁶ bacteria. 8 The CFU / g ratio of viable Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belyssus was 3:2.
[0024] The preparation method of soil conditioner is as follows: (1) Centrifugation and spray drying: Soil remediation bacterial powder is produced using centrifuges and spray drying equipment; (2) Mixing: Soil remediation bacterial powder, maifanite powder, dolomite powder, activated humic acid, and soybean meal powder are added to the mixing tank according to the required proportions using a quantitative scale and then mixed. (3) Granulation: The uniformly mixed material is fed into the extrusion granulator through a quantitative weighing scale for granulation; (4) Screening: The granulated product is screened through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the soil conditioner.
[0025] The extracellular polysaccharide content in the soil conditioner was determined to be 1.0 mg / g.
[0026] Example 3: Soil conditioner The soil conditioner is composed of the following: 6wt% soil remediation bacterial powder, 30wt% maifanite powder, 20wt% dolomite powder, 14wt% activated humic acid, and 30wt% soybean meal powder.
[0027] The soil remediation bacterial powder used consisted of Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belysinus, with an effective viable count of 5 × 10⁻⁶ bacteria. 8 The CFU / g ratio of viable Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belyssus was 1:1.
[0028] The preparation method of soil conditioner is as follows: (1) Centrifugation and spray drying: Soil remediation bacterial powder is produced using centrifuges and spray drying equipment; (2) Mixing: Soil remediation bacterial powder, maifanite powder, dolomite powder, activated humic acid, and soybean meal powder are added to the mixing tank according to the required proportions using a quantitative scale and then mixed. (3) Granulation: The uniformly mixed material is fed into the extrusion granulator through a quantitative weighing scale for granulation; (4) Screening: The granulated product is screened through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the soil conditioner.
[0029] The extracellular polysaccharide content in the soil conditioner was determined to be 1.1 mg / g.
[0030] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the soil remediation bacterial powder used is Bacillus polymyxa powder.
[0031] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the soil remediation bacterial powder used is Bacillus vesiculosus powder.
[0032] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the soil remediation bacterial powder used is Bacillus polymyxa powder and Bacillus belesiensis powder, but both have been inactivated.
[0033] Test case To verify the effectiveness of the soil conditioner of this invention, a field experiment was conducted in Guojia Town Village, Kouzhen Subdistrict Office, Laiwu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province. The experimental site was flat with good irrigation and drainage conditions. The tested soil was saline-alkali soil with moderate and uniform fertility. The cotton variety used was Xinjiang Long-staple Cotton New 78, planted in raised beds with a seed rate of 2.0 kg per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares); the row spacing was 0.80 m, the plant spacing was 0.26 m, and 3200 plants were planted per mu.
[0034] This experiment consisted of four experimental groups and one control group, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. The plot size was 40.0 m. 2 Protect the line lm. Grouping is as follows: Experimental group: In addition to the conventional basal application of 36 kg of conventional compound fertilizer (with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of 18%, 18% and 18% respectively), 40 kg of "soil remediation microbial agent" was applied per mu as basal fertilizer. Among them, the soil remediation microbial agents used in the Example Group and Comparative Examples 1-3 were derived from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3, respectively.
[0035] CK group: blank treatment, no fertilizer applied.
[0036] Soil measurements were conducted prior to the experiment, including alkalinity and pH. The alkalinity was 13.6%, and the pH was 7.53. The experiment lasted from sowing and mulching in April to harvest in October. Field management was as follows: During the cotton growing season, 15g of 10% imidacloprid was diluted in 30kg of water per acre and sprayed every seven days for three consecutive times to control cotton aphids and bollworms. During the budding stage, potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed three times at 120g per acre each time. After topping, 6g of mepiquat chloride per acre was sprayed to prevent excessive vegetative growth. Other management measures were the same as in general field operations. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0037] Table 1 Test Results Table 1 shows that compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited lower alkalinity, lower pH, increased pre-frost flowering ratio, and higher yield per mu (667 square meters). The experimental example demonstrated the best performance, with an alkalinity of 4.7%, a pH of 7.0, a pre-frost flowering ratio of 92.6%, and a yield of 373.4 kg per mu. This indicates that adding soil remediation bacterial powder containing live bacteria powder of Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belye can significantly improve alkaline soil, increase the pre-frost flowering ratio, and improve yield, thus better meeting the requirements for cotton cultivation.
[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A soil conditioner, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 5-15 parts soil remediation bacterial powder, 20-40 parts maifanite powder, 15-25 parts dolomite powder, 10-20 parts activated humic acid, and 20-40 parts soybean meal powder. The soil remediation microbial powder includes at least one of Bacillus polymyxa powder or Bacillus vesiculosus powder.
2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective live bacteria count in the soil remediation bacterial powder is not less than 10. 8 CFU / g.
3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the soil remediation bacterial powder, the ratio of viable bacteria of Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus belye was (1-3):(1-3).
4. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Centrifugation and spray drying: Soil remediation bacterial powder is obtained by centrifugation and spray drying in sequence; (2) Mixing: Mix the soil remediation bacterial powder, maifanite powder, dolomite powder, activated humic acid, and soybean meal powder according to the required proportions. (3) Granulation: The material that has been mixed evenly is granulated after being quantitatively measured; (4) Screening: The granulated product is screened to obtain the acid soil remediation microbial agent.
5. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sieve mesh size is 200-500 mesh.
6. The use of the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1-3 in any one of the following (i)-(V): (i) Reduce soil alkalinity; (ii) Lower the soil pH value; (iii) Increase the proportion of flowers blooming before frost; (iV) Increase cotton yield per acre; (V) Saline-alkali land restoration.