A tetralin high-efficiency hydrogenation device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation device, comprising: a reaction vessel, a pressure reducing valve, a separator, a distillation vessel, and pipelines; the reaction vessel is connected to the pressure reducing valve via pipelines, the pressure reducing valve is connected to the separator via pipelines, the separator is connected to the distillation vessel via pipelines, and the distillation vessel is connected to the reaction vessel via pipelines; the reaction vessel includes a shell, a nitrogen filling port, a pressure boosting port, a vacuum port, a drive motor, a feed port, a hydrogenation port, a catalyst port, and a discharge port; this invention enables tetrahydronaphthalene to react with hydrogen while simultaneously charging the reaction product into the distillation vessel for distillation during hydrogenation catalysis, eliminating the need for batch-by-batch reaction of tetrahydronaphthalene. Through continuous hydrogenation reaction and distillation, the overall process time is shortened, significantly improving the efficiency of the tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation device. Background Technology

[0002] Applications of decahydronaphthalene include, but are not limited to, coating solvents, extraction of fats and waxes, manufacture of shoe polish and floor wax, internal combustion engine fuels, refractive index measuring liquids, solvents, and filling glass gaps in light scattering to maintain a constant optical path; while the production of decahydronaphthalene requires the hydrogenation catalysis of the raw material tetrahydronaphthalene.

[0003] In the existing process of hydrogenation catalysis of tetrahydronaphthalene, the catalyst is directly added into the reactor and mixed with tetrahydronaphthalene using a stirrer. Then, hydrogen is introduced from the top of the reactor to carry out the reaction. After the tetrahydronaphthalene and hydrogen have completely reacted, the product is filtered through a filter and enters a distillation vessel for distillation.

[0004] However, in the above reaction process, since the catalyst is directly mixed with the liquid tetrahydronaphthalene, the product can only be introduced into the distillation vessel for distillation after the tetrahydronaphthalene and hydrogen have completely reacted. At the same time, the mixing effect of hydrogen introduced from the top with tetrahydronaphthalene and catalyst is not good, and the reaction time is long. As a result, tetrahydronaphthalene needs to be reacted in batches, and it can only enter the distillation vessel for distillation after the reaction in the reactor has ended. The whole process is time-consuming and reduces the efficiency of the tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical objective of this invention is to solve the problem that in the existing hydrogenation catalysis of tetrahydronaphthalene, the reaction must be completed before the product can be fed into the distillation vessel for rectification. Furthermore, the poor mixing of hydrogen with tetrahydronaphthalene and the catalyst necessitates batch-by-batch reaction of tetrahydronaphthalene, resulting in a lengthy process and reduced efficiency. The invention achieves a solution where tetrahydronaphthalene can react with hydrogen simultaneously, and the product can be fed into the distillation vessel for rectification without batch-by-batch reaction. Through continuous hydrogenation and distillation, the overall process time is shortened, significantly improving the efficiency of the tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation reaction.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-efficiency hydrogenation device for tetrahydronaphthalene includes: a reaction vessel, a pressure reducing valve, a separator, a distillation vessel, and pipelines; The reactor is connected to a pressure reducing valve via a pipeline, the pressure reducing valve is connected to a separator via a pipeline, the separator is connected to a distillation vessel via a pipeline, and the distillation vessel is connected to the reactor via a pipeline. The reactor includes a shell, a nitrogen filling port, a pressurization port, a vacuum port, a drive motor, a feed port, a hydrogenation port, a catalyst port, and a discharge port; A nitrogen filling port, a pressurization port, a vacuum port, and a feed port are fixedly installed around the top of the shell. A drive motor is fixedly installed at the axial position of the top of the shell. A hydrogenation port is fixedly installed below the drive motor. Multiple catalyst ports are fixedly installed on the outer walls around the bottom of the shell. A discharge port is fixedly installed on the outer walls below the shell, and the discharge port is located below the catalyst ports. It also includes a rotating shaft, a rotating ring, a spiral plate, a fixed ring, a mesh plate, a cylinder, and an air tube; The rotating shaft is vertically rotatably installed inside the housing and is fixedly connected to the drive motor. A spiral plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a cylinder is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, with the cylinder located above the spiral plate. Multiple air tubes are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the cylinder, and the free ends of the multiple air tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring. A fixing ring is fixedly installed on the rotating ring, and mesh plates are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the fixing ring, with the fixing ring located above the air tubes.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, the rotating shaft is a hollow structure, and the top of the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of rectangular through holes arranged in a ring around the axis, the plurality of rectangular through holes being located inside the hydrogenation pipe, and the shaft section below the rotating shaft located inside the cylinder is in a disconnected state.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, the rotating ring has a plurality of circular through holes arranged in a ring array around the axis on its outer circumference. A first limiting ring is provided on the inner circumference of each of the plurality of circular through holes. A sliding cylinder is slidably installed inside each of the plurality of circular through holes. A second limiting ring is provided on the outer circumference of each of the plurality of sliding cylinders. A compression spring is provided on the outer side of each of the plurality of sliding cylinders, and the plurality of compression springs are respectively located between the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, the rotating ring has a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves arranged in a ring array around the axis, and the plurality of gas pipes are respectively located between the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, the outer circumference of the fixing ring is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions arranged in a ring array centered on the axis, and the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions respectively cooperate with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves. The outer circumference of the fixing ring is provided with a plurality of circular holes arranged in a ring array centered on the axis. The inner circumference of the fixing ring is provided with a plurality of connecting blocks arranged in a ring array centered on the axis, and the plurality of circular holes are respectively located between adjacent connecting blocks. A ring is provided inside the plurality of connecting blocks, and the inner circumference of the ring is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions arranged in a ring array centered on the axis.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, a circular sealing ring is provided on the inner circumference of the circular hole, and the circular sealing ring is made of highly elastic rubber material, and the circular sealing ring is composed of multiple fan-shaped structures.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, the outer circumference of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves arranged in a ring array around the axis, and the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions respectively cooperate with the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, the gas pipe has multiple gas outlet holes arranged in a ring array around the axis on the outer circumferential wall.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, wherein: a plurality of reflux channels are arranged in a ring array around the axis on the inner circumference of the shell, and the plurality of reflux channels are respectively located on the outer side of the rotating ring; a heat exchange spiral tube is arranged inside the shell, and the heat exchange spiral tube is located above the rotating ring; the outlet pipe and the inlet pipe of the heat exchange spiral tube respectively penetrate the outer circumference of the shell.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the tetrahydronaphthalene high-efficiency hydrogenation device of the present invention, wherein: an electromagnetic valve is provided inside the discharge port, a one-way valve is provided in each of the plurality of gas outlet holes, and the catalyst port is slidably and sealed to the outer wall of the shell.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention, by setting a rotating shaft, a fixed ring, and a mesh plate inside the reaction vessel, and by placing the catalyst inside the mesh plate and cooperating with the gas pipe at the bottom of the rotating shaft, enables tetrahydronaphthalene to react with hydrogen gas simultaneously during hydrogenation catalysis, while the reaction product is charged into a distillation vessel for distillation. This eliminates the need for batch-by-batch reaction of tetrahydronaphthalene, shortens the overall process time through continuous hydrogenation reaction and distillation, and greatly improves the efficiency of the tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation reaction.

[0017] 2. This invention features a fixed ring and a mesh plate on the rotating ring. The mesh plate prevents the catalyst from falling to the bottom of the shell during the catalytic process. At the same time, the rotating shaft drives the mesh plate and the gas pipe to rotate simultaneously, which greatly increases the contact area between the catalyst, hydrogen, and the tetrahydronaphthalene liquid, thereby further improving the reaction efficiency of tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation.

[0018] 3. This invention provides a spiral plate at the bottom of the rotating shaft. The spiral plate works in conjunction with the reflux channel on the inner wall of the shell. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, the reacted liquid is pushed downward through the spiral plate. The thrust of the spiral plate causes the liquid to return to the top of the mesh plate through the reflux channel, and a secondary catalytic reaction is carried out on the unreacted tetrahydronaphthalene, thereby improving the efficiency of the tetrahydronaphthalene hydrogenation reaction.

[0019] 4. This invention connects the reaction vessel and the distillation vessel through a pressure reducer and a separator, thereby realizing continuous hydrogenation reaction distillation of tetrahydronaphthalene. At the same time, the unreacted tetrahydronaphthalene after distillation is transported back into the reaction vessel for reaction, thus forming a cycle, reducing the reaction time of the entire process and improving the reaction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the reaction vessel in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the interior of the reactor in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 4 As described in this embodiment of the disclosure Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a reactor without a heat exchange spiral tube in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the reactor without a drive motor in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spiral plate, rotating ring, fixed ring, mesh plate and rotating shaft in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spiral plate, rotating ring, fixed ring, and rotating shaft in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spiral plate, rotating ring, and rotating shaft in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing ring and the mesh plate in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating shaft, cylinder, and air pipe in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Reactor; 11. Shell; 111. Heat exchange spiral tube; 1111. Water outlet pipe; 1112. Water inlet pipe; 1113. Reflux channel; 112. Rotating shaft; 1121. Rectangular through hole; 113. Rotating ring; 1131. Rectangular groove; 1132. Sliding cylinder; 1133. Second limiting ring; 1134. First limiting ring; 1135. Compression spring; 1136. Circular through hole; 114. Spiral plate; 115. Fixing ring; 1151. Rectangular protrusion; 115 2. Circular hole; 1153. Connecting block; 1154. Circular ring; 1155. Rectangular protrusion; 1156. Circular sealing ring; 116. Mesh plate; 117. Cylinder; 1171. Rectangular groove; 118. Gas pipe; 1181. Gas outlet; 12. Nitrogen charging port; 13. Pressure boosting port; 14. Vacuum port; 16. Feed port; 15. Drive motor; 17. Hydrogenation port; 18. Catalyst port; 19. Discharge port; 2. Pressure reducing valve; 3. Separator; 4. Distillation kettle; 5. Pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a high-efficiency hydrogenation device for tetrahydronaphthalene includes: a reaction vessel 1, a pressure reducing valve 2, a separator 3, a distillation vessel 4, and a pipeline 5; Reactor 1 is connected to pressure reducing valve 2 through pipe 5. Pressure reducing valve 2 is connected to separator 3 through pipe 5. Separator 3 is connected to distillation vessel 4 through pipe 5. Distillation vessel 4 is connected to reactor 1 through pipe 5. The reactor 1 includes a shell 11, a nitrogen filling port 12, a pressurization port 13, a vacuum port 14, a drive motor 15, a feed port 16, a hydrogenation port 17, a catalyst port 18, and a discharge port 19; Nitrogen filling port 12, pressurization port 13, vacuum port 14 and feed port 16 are fixedly installed around the top of the shell 11. A drive motor 15 is fixedly installed at the top axis position of the shell 11. A hydrogenation port 17 is fixedly installed below the drive motor 15. Multiple catalyst ports 18 are fixedly installed on the lower outer wall of the shell 11. A discharge port 19 is fixedly installed on the lower outer wall of the shell 11, and the discharge port 19 is located below the catalyst ports 18. It also includes a rotating shaft 112, a rotating ring 113, a spiral plate 114, a fixed ring 115, a mesh plate 116, a cylinder 117, and an air pipe 118; The rotating shaft 112 is vertically rotatably installed inside the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to the drive motor 15. A spiral plate 114 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 112. A cylinder 117 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 112 and is located above the spiral plate 114. Multiple air tubes 118 are arranged in a circular array around the axis on the cylinder 117. The free ends of the multiple air tubes 118 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring 113. A fixing ring 115 is fixedly installed on the rotating ring 113. A mesh plate 116 is fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the fixing ring 115 and is located above the air tubes 118.

[0034] As the core reaction vessel, reactor 1 has its outlet connected to the input of pressure reducing valve 2 via a high-temperature, high-pressure resistant sealed pipe 5. This pipe is used to transport the reacted mixture to pressure reducing valve 2 for pressure regulation. The output of pressure reducing valve 2 is connected to the inlet of separator 3 via pipe 5, enabling gas-liquid separation of the mixture after pressure reduction. The liquid phase output of separator 3 is connected to the inlet of distillation kettle 4 via pipe 5, sending the separated liquid phase material into distillation kettle 4 for purification. The reflux end at the top of distillation kettle 4 is connected to the inlet of reactor 1 via pipe 5, allowing unreacted tetrahydronaphthalene recovered by distillation to flow back into reactor 1 to participate in the reaction again, achieving the recycling of raw materials and reducing production costs.

[0035] Nitrogen purging port 12, pressurizing port 13, vacuum port 14, and feed port 16 are all equipped with sealing valves to ensure the airtightness of the shell 11 during the reaction. Nitrogen purging port 12 is used to purge nitrogen into the shell 11 after the reaction to replace residual hydrogen and eliminate safety hazards. Pressurizing port 13 can assist in the pressure regulation during raw material feeding. Vacuum port 14 is used in conjunction with catalyst port 18 to complete the negative pressure feeding of catalyst. Feed port 16 is used to receive fresh tetrahydronaphthalene raw material and unreacted raw material refluxed from distillation vessel 4.

[0036] The rotating shaft 112 transmits power while simultaneously supplying hydrogen to the reactor 1. The catalyst inlet 18 facilitates batch feeding of the catalyst and subsequent sealing; the solenoid valve installed on the outlet 19 controls the discharge of the post-reaction mixture. The upper end of the rotating shaft 112 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 15 via a coupling, ensuring that the drive motor 15 can drive the rotating shaft 112 to rotate smoothly. The spiral plate 114, made of corrosion-resistant alloy, pushes the post-reaction liquid towards the bottom of the shell 11 during rotation, while simultaneously guiding the liquid to diffuse outwards, providing power for material reflux.

[0037] The inner wall of cylinder 117 is sealed to the outer wall of rotating shaft 112, allowing hydrogen gas to be introduced into cylinder 117 from the hollow chamber of rotating shaft 112. Rotating ring 113 has an annular structure with a reasonable gap between its outer wall and the inner wall of shell 11 to prevent interference during rotation. The mesh plate 116 on fixed ring 115 forms a catalyst receiving cavity that is closed at the top and bottom and open on all sides. The catalyst is placed in this cavity, allowing it to fully contact the reactants. Fixed ring 115 is positioned above gas pipe 118, ensuring that the hydrogen gas discharged from gas pipe 118 can diffuse upwards and fully mix with the catalyst and tetrahydronaphthalene liquid within mesh plate 116.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 11 As shown, the rotating shaft 112 is a hollow structure, and multiple rectangular through holes 1121 are arranged in a ring around the axis at the top of the rotating shaft 112. The multiple rectangular through holes 1121 are located inside the hydrogenation port 17, and the shaft section below the rotating shaft 112 located inside the cylinder 117 is in a disconnected state.

[0039] The hollow chamber inside the rotating shaft 112 serves as the core channel for hydrogen transmission. To ensure efficient introduction of hydrogen from the hydrogen filling port 17 into the rotating shaft 112, the rectangular through-hole 1121 is designed to ensure that the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen filling port 17 can quickly and evenly enter the hollow chamber of the rotating shaft 112. The disconnected structure of the rotating shaft 112 inside the cylinder 117 creates a direct communication channel between the hollow chamber of the rotating shaft 112 and the interior of the cylinder 117. Hydrogen can then directly enter the interior of the cylinder 117 from the hollow chamber of the rotating shaft 112 through the disconnection, ensuring that the hydrogen can quickly enter the gas pipe 118.

[0040] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a plurality of circular through holes 1136 are arranged in a ring array around the axis on the outer circumference of the rotating ring 113. A first limiting ring 1134 is provided on the inner circumference of the plurality of circular through holes 1136. A sliding cylinder 1132 is slidably installed inside the plurality of circular through holes 1136. A second limiting ring 1133 is provided on the outer circumference of the plurality of sliding cylinders 1132. A compression spring 1135 is provided on the outer side of the plurality of sliding cylinders 1132, and the plurality of compression springs 1135 are respectively located between the first limiting ring 1134 and the second limiting ring 1133.

[0041] To facilitate sealed feeding and recovery of the catalyst at the catalyst inlet 18, the number and position of the circular through holes 1136 correspond one-to-one with the catalyst inlets 18 below the shell 11. The inner diameter of the circular through holes 1136 is adapted to the outer diameter of the catalyst inlet 18 and the outer diameter of the sliding cylinder 1132, providing precise guidance for the sliding of the sliding cylinder 1132. The first limiting ring 1134 forms an annular limiting step for axially limiting the compression spring 1135. The sliding cylinder 1132 is a hollow structure with open ends. The second limiting ring 1133 also axially limits the compression spring 1135, forming a limiting structure opposite to the first limiting ring 1134. The two ends of the compression spring 1135 abut against the inner side wall of the first limiting ring 1134 and the outer side wall of the second limiting ring 1133, respectively. In its natural state, the compression spring 1135 pushes the second limiting ring 1133 with its own elastic potential energy, so that the sliding cylinder 1132 is kept in the initial position of extending outward. In order to ensure that the catalyst inside the mesh plate 116 will not leak during the catalytic process, a circular sealing ring 1156 is provided in the circular hole 1152 of the fixing ring 115. The catalyst is blocked by the circular sealing ring 1156 to prevent catalyst leakage.

[0042] like Figure 9 As shown, the inner circumference of the rotating ring 113 is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves 1131 arranged in a ring around the axis, and the plurality of air tubes 118 are respectively located between the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves 1131.

[0043] The rectangular groove 1131 is used to cooperate with the rectangular protrusion 1151 on the fixing ring 115, so that the fixing ring 115 is installed on the inner wall of the rectangular groove 1131, ensuring that the entire mesh plate 116 can be located above the air tube 118.

[0044] like Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions 1151 are arranged in a ring around the axis on the outer circumference of the fixing ring 115, and the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions 1151 respectively cooperate with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves 1131. A plurality of circular holes 1152 are arranged in a ring around the axis on the outer circumference of the fixing ring 115. A plurality of connecting blocks 1153 are arranged in a ring around the axis on the inner circumference of the fixing ring 115, and the plurality of circular holes 1152 are located between adjacent connecting blocks 1153. A ring 1154 is arranged inside the plurality of connecting blocks 1153, and a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions 1155 are arranged in a ring around the axis on the inner circumference of the ring 1154.

[0045] The outer wall of the rectangular protrusion 1151 fits tightly against the inner wall of the rectangular groove 1131, restricting the relative rotation between the fixed ring 115 and the rotating ring 113, ensuring that they remain coaxial and synchronous during rotation. The position of the circular hole 1152 corresponds one-to-one with the sliding cylinder 1132 on the rotating ring 113. When the sliding cylinder 1132 moves inward, its inner end can be inserted into the circular hole 1152, causing the circular sealing ring 1156 to be deformed by pressure, so that the circular hole 1152 and the sliding cylinder 1132 are connected, thereby realizing the connection of the catalyst feeding channel. The connecting block 1153 is used to provide support for the connection of the upper and lower screen plates 116. At the same time, it can divide the catalyst into sections, preventing too much catalyst from accumulating together under the action of centrifugal force during rotation, which would affect the catalytic effect. The rectangular protrusion 1155 is used to connect with the cylinder 117, so that the entire screen plate 116 can be quickly disassembled and replaced.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, a circular sealing ring 1156 is provided on the inner circumference of the circular hole 1152, and the circular sealing ring 1156 is made of highly elastic rubber material. The circular sealing ring 1156 is composed of multiple fan-shaped structures.

[0047] The circular sealing ring 1156 is made of highly elastic rubber, which possesses excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and resilience. It can deform uniformly under compression, ensuring reliable sealing. The circular sealing ring 1156 is composed of multiple fan-shaped structures. When the inner end of the sliding cylinder 1132 is inserted into the circular hole 1152, the sealing ring, under the compression of the sliding cylinder 1132, allows each fan-shaped structure to expand appropriately in all directions, tightly fitting the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 1132 and the inner wall of the circular hole 1152, forming an all-around seal. When the sliding cylinder 1132 returns to its original position, the sealing ring, relying on its own elasticity and the repositioning ability of the fan-shaped structures, quickly restores its initial shape, maintaining a constant seal over the circular hole 1152, effectively preventing catalyst leakage.

[0048] like Figure 9As shown, a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves 1171 are arranged in a ring array around the axis on the outer circumference of the cylinder 117, and a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions 1155 respectively cooperate with the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves 1171.

[0049] To ensure accurate positioning and stable transmission between the ring 1154 and the cylinder 117, the rectangular groove 1171 on the outer circumference of the cylinder 117 is matched one-to-one with the rectangular protrusion 1155 on the inner wall of the ring 1154, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire fixed ring 115 and the mesh plate 116 installation.

[0050] like Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, multiple air outlets 1181 are arranged in a ring around the axis on the outer circumference of the trachea 118.

[0051] Each gas pipe 118 extends radially outward along the cylinder 117. To achieve uniform diffusion of hydrogen within the reaction system and improve the contact efficiency between hydrogen and tetrahydronaphthalene and the catalyst, multiple vent holes 1181 are uniformly distributed along the length of the gas pipe 118, forming a multi-dimensional venting structure. This allows hydrogen to be released simultaneously from all sides and different positions of the gas pipe 118, effectively breaking up bubble aggregation and forming tiny, uniform hydrogen bubbles. Simultaneously, each vent hole 1181 is equipped with a one-way valve, allowing only hydrogen to escape from inside the gas pipe 118 into the external liquid, preventing tetrahydronaphthalene liquid from entering the gas pipe 118 and avoiding blockage or internal contamination.

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, multiple return channels 1113 are arranged in a ring array around the axis on the inner circumference of the shell 11, and the multiple return channels 1113 are located on the outer side of the rotating ring 113. A heat exchange spiral tube 111 is arranged inside the shell 11, and the heat exchange spiral tube 111 is located above the rotating ring 113. The water outlet pipe 1111 and the water inlet pipe 1112 of the heat exchange spiral tube 111 pass through the outer circumference of the shell 11.

[0053] To achieve the recycling of reactants and improve the conversion rate of raw materials, the reflux channel 1113 extends along the height of the shell 11, with its upper end extending to the area above the fixed ring 115 and its lower end penetrating to the material diffusion area at the bottom of the shell 11. Multiple reflux channels 1113 are located outside the rotating ring 113. The reflux channel 1113 has an arc-shaped cross-section and a smooth inner wall to reduce material flow resistance, facilitating the smooth reflux of unreacted tetrahydronaphthalene liquid along the channel to re-enter the catalyst reaction area and participate in the reaction.

[0054] Meanwhile, to precisely control the temperature inside the reactor 1, the heat exchange spiral tube 111 is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant metal tubing, arranged in a spiral shape around the inner cavity of the shell 11 to achieve uniform heat exchange for the reactants inside the shell 11. The water inlet pipe 1112 continuously supplies cooling water. As the cooling water flows through the heat exchange spiral tube 111, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature reactants inside the shell 11, absorbing the heat from the reaction before being discharged through the water outlet pipe 1111. By adjusting the cooling water circulation rate, the reaction temperature can be precisely controlled, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the reaction.

[0055] A solenoid valve is installed inside the discharge port 19, and a one-way valve is installed in each of the multiple air outlets 1181. The catalyst port 18 is slidably installed in a sealed manner with the outer wall of the housing 11.

[0056] Multiple vent holes 1181 are each equipped with a one-way valve to ensure that the flow direction allows only hydrogen gas to exit from the gas pipe 118 into the external reaction liquid. This effectively prevents tetrahydronaphthalene liquid from entering the gas pipe 118 in the reverse direction, avoiding blockage, internal contamination, and obstruction of the hydrogen delivery channel. It is important to note that the solenoid valve inside the discharge port 19 opens and closes according to the actual reaction process, allowing for continuous hydrogenation of tetrahydronaphthalene. Simultaneously, a valve is installed on the outer wall of the catalyst port 18, which remains closed throughout the reaction. Furthermore, the catalyst port 18 is slidably sealed to the outer wall of the housing 11 to prevent gas leakage from inside the housing 11.

[0057] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, tetrahydronaphthalene is forced into the reactor 1 through the feed port 16 using nitrogen gas. Then, the catalyst is introduced through the catalyst port 18. The catalyst port 18 is pushed inward by external force, and it will seal against the sliding cylinder 1132. The second limiting ring 1133 on the sliding cylinder 1132 will move with the sliding cylinder 1132. Subsequently, the compression spring 1135 will be stretched. During the movement of the sliding cylinder 1132, the top of the sliding cylinder 1132 will contact the circular sealing ring 1156 inside the circular hole 1152 on the fixing ring 115. As the circular sealing ring 1156 moves, it will expand from the center to the surrounding area, thereby connecting the fixing ring 115, the sliding cylinder 1132 and the catalyst port 18. At this time, the catalyst is drawn into the mesh plate 116 through the vacuum port 14. The catalyst will not come into contact with air during the entire process of entering the mesh plate 116.

[0058] After all the catalyst has entered the mesh plate 116, the catalyst port 18 is then closed, and the catalyst port 18 is no longer subjected to thrust. At this time, the compression spring 1135 will drive the sliding cylinder 1132 to move backward and return to its original position through its own elastic potential energy, and the circular sealing ring 1156 will also return to its original position through its own elastic potential energy. At this time, the mesh plate 116 inside the shell 11 is completely immersed in the tetrahydronaphthalene liquid.

[0059] Subsequently, the vacuum port 14 is closed and the hydrogen filling port 17 is opened. Hydrogen gas enters the hollow rotating shaft 112 through the hydrogen filling port 17 and flows into each gas pipe 118 through the cylinder 117. Finally, it is discharged through the one-way valve on the gas outlet 1181, so that the hydrogen gas is discharged from all sides of each gas pipe 118. During the process of hydrogen gas discharge, the rotating shaft 112 will rotate through the drive motor 15, which will drive the entire rotating ring 113 and the fixed ring 115 to rotate. This causes the catalyst and gas pipes 118 to rotate inside the tetrahydronaphthalene liquid, which greatly increases the contact area between the catalyst and hydrogen gas and tetrahydronaphthalene, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0060] The initial reaction is that the solenoid valve on the discharge port 19 is closed, and the rotating shaft 112 drives the spiral plate 114 to rotate, which pushes the reacted liquid downward. As the liquid moves downward, it spreads to the surroundings and enters the return channel 1113 on the inner wall of the shell 11. It flows out from the top of the mesh plate 116 through the return channel 1113 and mixes and contacts with the catalyst and hydrogen again, catalyzing the unreacted tetrahydronaphthalene inside again.

[0061] Subsequently, the discharge pipe is opened by the solenoid valve. After the reaction, the liquid will enter the inside of pipe 5 through the discharge pipe and be depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 2. It will then enter the inside of separator 3 through pipe 5 again. Separator 3 separates the gas and liquid inside. The separated liquid will then enter the inside of distillation kettle 4 through pipe 5 again. Through distillation in distillation kettle 4, the product decahydronaphthalene will be discharged from the bottom, while the unreacted tetrahydronaphthalene will enter the feed port 16 on the reactor 1 through the top pipe 5 for recycling reaction.

[0062] During the reaction, cooling water is continuously supplied to the heat exchange spiral tube 111 inside the reactor 1 through the water inlet pipe 1112, and the cooled water is discharged through the water outlet pipe 1111 after heat exchange, thereby achieving heat exchange inside the reactor 1. The hydrogenation temperature is controlled at 150-230℃ and the pressure is 1.0-1.5MPa. The reaction temperature is controlled by adjusting the circulation rate of cooling water inside the heat exchange spiral tube 111, and the pressure is controlled by the regulating valve at the hydrogenation port 17. After the entire reaction is completed, nitrogen gas is introduced through the nitrogen purging port 12 to replace the hydrogen gas inside the reactor 1. Subsequently, the rotating shaft 112 rotates to align the circular through hole 1136 on the rotating ring 113 with the catalyst port 18 on the shell 11, and the catalyst inside the mesh plate 116 is extracted through the catalyst port 18 by vacuum.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency hydrogenation device for tetrahydronaphthalene, characterized in that, include: Reactor (1), pressure reducing valve (2), separator (3), distillation vessel (4) and pipeline (5); The reactor (1) is connected to the pressure reducing valve (2) through the pipe (5), the pressure reducing valve (2) is connected to the separator (3) through the pipe (5), the separator (3) is connected to the distillation kettle (4) through the pipe (5), and the distillation kettle (4) is connected to the reactor (1) through the pipe (5). The reactor (1) includes a shell (11), a nitrogen filling port (12), a pressurization port (13), a vacuum port (14), a drive motor (15), a feed port (16), a hydrogenation port (17), a catalyst port (18), and a discharge port (19). The top four sides of the shell (11) are respectively fixedly installed with a nitrogen filling port (12), a pressurizing port (13), a vacuum port (14) and a feed port (16). The top axis of the shell (11) is fixedly installed with a drive motor (15). The drive motor (15) is fixedly installed below the drive motor (15). The bottom four sides of the shell (11) are respectively fixedly installed with multiple catalyst ports (18). The bottom outer wall of the shell (11) is fixedly installed with a discharge port (19), and the discharge port (19) is located below the catalyst ports (18). It also includes a rotating shaft (112), a rotating ring (113), a spiral plate (114), a fixed ring (115), a mesh plate (116), a cylinder (117), and an air tube (118). The rotating shaft (112) is vertically rotatably installed inside the housing (11) and fixedly connected to the drive motor (15). A spiral plate (114) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (112). A cylinder (117) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (112) and the cylinder (117) is located above the spiral plate (114). Multiple air tubes (118) are arranged in a ring array around the axis on the cylinder (117). The free ends of the multiple air tubes (118) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring (113). A fixing ring (115) is fixedly installed on the rotating ring (113). A mesh plate (116) is fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the fixing ring (115) and the fixing ring (115) is located above the air tubes (118).

2. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (112) is a hollow structure, and multiple rectangular through holes (1121) are arranged in a ring around the top of the rotating shaft (112) with the axis as the center. The multiple rectangular through holes (1121) are located inside the hydrogenation port (17), and the shaft section below the rotating shaft (112) located inside the cylinder (117) is in a disconnected state.

3. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating ring (113) has multiple circular through holes (1136) arranged in a ring array around the axis on its outer circumference. The inner circumference of each of the multiple circular through holes (1136) is provided with a first limiting ring (1134). Sliding cylinders (1132) are slidably installed inside each of the multiple circular through holes (1136). The outer circumference of each of the multiple sliding cylinders (1132) is provided with a second limiting ring (1133). Compression springs (1135) are provided on the outer side of each of the multiple sliding cylinders (1132), and the multiple compression springs (1135) are located between the first limiting ring (1134) and the second limiting ring (1133).

4. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating ring (113) has multiple mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves (1131) arranged in a ring around the axis on its inner circumference, and the multiple air tubes (118) are located between the multiple mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves (1131).

5. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The outer circumferential wall of the fixing ring (115) is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions (1151) arranged in a ring around the axis, and the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions (1151) respectively cooperate with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves (1131). The outer circumferential wall of the fixing ring (115) is provided with a plurality of circular holes (1152) arranged in a ring around the axis. The inner circumferential wall of the fixing ring (115) is provided with a plurality of connecting blocks (1153) arranged in a ring around the axis, and the plurality of circular holes (1152) are respectively located between adjacent connecting blocks (1153). The inner side of the plurality of connecting blocks (1153) is provided with a ring (1154), and the inner circumferential wall of the ring (1154) is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions (1155) arranged in a ring around the axis.

6. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A circular sealing ring (1156) is provided on the inner circumference of the circular hole (1152), and the circular sealing ring (1156) is made of highly elastic rubber material. The circular sealing ring (1156) is composed of multiple fan-shaped structures.

7. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the cylinder (117) is provided with a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves (1171) arranged in a ring around the axis, and a plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular protrusions (1155) respectively cooperate with the plurality of mutually symmetrical rectangular grooves (1171).

8. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The trachea (118) has multiple air outlets (1181) arranged in a ring around the axis on the outer circumference of the outer wall.

9. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner circumferential wall of the shell (11) is provided with a plurality of return channels (1113) arranged in a ring array with the axis as the center, and the plurality of return channels (1113) are respectively located outside the rotating ring (113). The shell (11) is provided with a heat exchange spiral tube (111) inside, and the heat exchange spiral tube (111) is located above the rotating ring (113). The outlet pipe (1111) and the inlet pipe (1112) of the heat exchange spiral tube (111) respectively penetrate the outer circumferential wall of the shell (11).

10. The high-efficiency hydrogenation apparatus for tetrahydronaphthalene as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The discharge port (19) is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the multiple air outlets (1181) are each equipped with a one-way valve. The catalyst port (18) is slidably installed in a sealed manner with the outer wall of the shell (11).

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