Fireproof multilayer structure thermal insulation fabric, preparation method thereof and sizing roller

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of fire protection fabric technology, specifically relating to a multi-layer fire-resistant heat-insulating fabric, its preparation method, and an adhesive roller. The heat-insulating fabric has a four-layer composite structure, consisting of a first film layer, a second base fabric layer, a third film layer, and a fourth base fabric layer. The first film layer is a reflective hot-dip galvanized aluminum film layer, the second base fabric layer is a flame-retardant base fabric layer, the third film layer is a high-temperature resistant film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer is a flame-retardant non-woven fabric layer. A dedicated adhesive roller is designed to achieve the composite between the layers. The prepared heat-insulating fabric exhibits excellent flame-retardant properties, can withstand temperatures up to 260℃, has high heat insulation, high resistance to radiative heat penetration, withstands 2500 bends, and has high hydrostatic pressure after bending, fully meeting the testing requirements for outer fabrics in XF634-2015 "Firefighter Heat-Insulating Protective Clothing." Furthermore, the fabric is lightweight and soft overall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire protection fabric technology, specifically relating to a fire protection multi-layer structure heat insulation fabric, its preparation method, and an adhesive roller. Background Technology

[0002] Firefighter thermal protective clothing is a critical personal protective equipment for firefighters when performing near-fire operations and firefighting and rescue missions, in environments that are diverse, complex, and extremely harsh. Therefore, the national mandatory standard XF634-2015 "Firefighter Thermal Protective Clothing" sets extremely high requirements for the performance of the outer fabric, covering core indicators such as flame retardancy, thermal stability, radiation heat penetration resistance (RPP), flexural strength, and hydrostatic pressure resistance.

[0003] However, currently available products face significant technical bottlenecks in meeting the aforementioned comprehensive indicators. ① Insufficient overall temperature resistance of the aluminum film: Traditional aluminized films are prone to yellowing, reduced brightness, and substrate shrinkage under 260℃ high-temperature baking, leading to a decrease in their effectiveness in reflecting radiant heat. ② Failure to meet hydrostatic pressure requirements after bending: After the standard requirement of 2500 bending tests, the substrate or film layer is prone to cracking, causing a sharp decline in the fabric's hydrostatic pressure performance, failing to meet the standard requirement of ≥17kPa. ③ Poor hydrolysis resistance of the aluminized layer: The aluminum layer formed through the vapor deposition process is prone to hydrolysis and peeling in long-term humid environments, leading to a decrease or even failure of thermal insulation performance. ④ Thermal insulation performance needs further improvement: While ensuring the fabric is lightweight and soft, how to continuously improve its thermal protection performance (TPP) and resistance to radiant heat penetration remains a technical challenge.

[0004] Therefore, developing a fire-resistant insulation fabric that can overcome the above-mentioned defects and fully meet the standard requirements has become an urgent technical need in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-layered fire-resistant thermal insulation fabric, its preparation method, and an adhesive roller. Through the synergistic effect of multiple layers, the various properties of the thermal insulation fabric are improved, enabling it to meet the requirements of the national mandatory standard XF634-2015 "Firefighter Thermal Protective Clothing". It is suitable for extreme high-temperature environments such as fire fighting, chemical industry, and metallurgy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric, which is a four-layer composite structure consisting of a first film layer, a second base fabric layer, a third film layer, and a fourth base fabric layer; wherein the first film layer is a radiation-reflective hot-dip galvanized aluminum film layer, the second base fabric layer is a flame-retardant base fabric layer, the third film layer is a high-temperature resistant film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer is a flame-retardant non-woven fabric layer.

[0007] Preferably, the first film layer and the second base fabric layer are bonded together with flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the second base fabric layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer are bonded together with high-temperature resistant composite adhesive.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-radiation hot-dip aluminized film layer consists of two parts: an aluminized film and a reinforcing film.

[0009] Preferably, the aluminum-plated film consists of an aluminum-plated layer and a base film.

[0010] Preferably, the structure of the anti-radiation hot-dip aluminized film layer is: aluminum plating layer / base film / aluminized layer / reinforcing film.

[0011] Preferably, the base film is any one of high-temperature resistant polyester film, PFA (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer) film, and PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) film, with a film thickness ranging from 0.004 to 0.018 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the reinforcing film is any one of high-temperature resistant polyester film, PFA film, PPS film, and polyimide film, and the film thickness ranges from 0.004 to 0.018 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the aluminum plating layer is a magnetron sputtered aluminum plating layer with a thickness of 5-10 nm.

[0014] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant polyester film is made by blending or copolymerizing PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) and stretching, with the PEN content ranging from 5% to 15%.

[0015] Preferably, the PET has a viscosity of 0.68-0.72 dL / g and a melting point of 255-265℃.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the PET is sourced from Yizheng Chemical Fiber, specifically PET FG600.

[0017] Preferably, the PEN has a melting point of 260-268℃, a molding shrinkage rate of ≤0.8%, and a melt volume flow rate of 16-20 cm³ at 300℃. 3 / 10min.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the PEN is from Teijin Chemicals Co., Ltd. of Japan, TEONEX PENTN8050SC.

[0019] Preferably, the PFA film has a melting point of 302-310℃ and a specific gravity of 2.12.

[0020] In some preferred embodiments, the PFA membrane is sourced from Shanghai Yichuan Water Plastics Products Co., Ltd.

[0021] Preferably, the PPS film has a melting point of 270-280℃ and a long-term operating temperature of 240℃.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the PPS membrane is sourced from Chengdu Benzene Ring New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0023] Preferably, the polyimide film undergoes carbonization without melting, with a carbonization decomposition temperature of 520-540℃.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, the polyimide film is sourced from Aoshen New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0025] By setting up a reflective hot-dip aluminized film layer structure and selecting specific base film and reinforcing film materials, the problem of insufficient overall temperature resistance of aluminum film is solved while improving thermal insulation performance. The aluminized layer is sandwiched between two high-temperature resistant films, forming a "sandwich" protective structure. This prevents the aluminized layer from being directly exposed to the high-temperature environment, effectively isolating it from the direct impact of heat and external stress on the aluminum layer, and preventing the exposed surface of the aluminized layer from cracking during bending tests, which would affect hydrostatic pressure. The aluminized layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the base film using magnetron sputtering technology, forming a continuous reflective layer and reducing heat radiation penetration. The reinforcing film, through physical support, prevents the base film from shrinking or delaminating at high temperatures. The combination of the aluminized and reinforcing films improves the heat resistance and thermal insulation performance of the insulation fabric. Simultaneously, a high-temperature resistant polyester film is also incorporated. By introducing 5-15% PEN into traditional PET film, the heat shrinkage performance and temperature resistance of pure PET film are improved. PEN has a much higher glass transition temperature and its molecular chains are more rigid. Through blending or copolymerization processes, PEN molecular chains and PET molecular chains form a co-crystallized structure, which significantly improves the heat distortion temperature of the base film.

[0026] Preferably, the flame-retardant base fabric layer is any one of woven fabric and knitted fabric, woven from yarns blended from any one or more of meta-aramid, para-aramid, PI (polyimide fiber), PBI (poly-p-benzimidazole fiber), PBO (poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole fiber), and pre-oxidized yarn, with a fabric weight range of 100-220 g / m². 2 .

[0027] Preferably, the meta-aramid has a strength ≥3.8 cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 0.8-1.4 dtex.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the meta-aramid is sourced from Supermax New Materials Co., Ltd., X300.

[0029] Preferably, the para-aramid has a strength ≥19cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.6-2.2dtex.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, the para-aramid is derived from DuPont, Kevlar 29.

[0031] Preferably, the PI has a strength ≥ 4.0 cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.0-1.6 dtex.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the PI is sourced from Aoshen New Materials Co., Ltd., specifically Fitlon metallurgy. ® .

[0033] Preferably, the PBI has a strength ≥ 2.6 cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.0-1.4 dtex.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the PBI is derived from PBI Performance Products, Inc.

[0035] Preferably, the PBO has a strength ≥60cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.4-2.2dtex.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the PBO is sourced from Xinchen New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Preferably, the pre-oxidized fiber has a strength ≥ 2.4 cN / dtex, a fiber fineness of 1.4-2.2 dtex, and a porosity ≥ 60%.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the pre-oxidized fiber is sourced from JILI New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Preferably, the high-temperature resistant film layer is any one of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) film, high-temperature resistant polyester film, PFA film, PPS film, and polyimide film, with a thickness range of 0.006-0.028 mm.

[0038] To achieve better resistance to radiation heat penetration, the high-temperature resistant film layer can be the aluminum-plated film in the first film layer anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum film layer.

[0039] Preferably, the flame-retardant nonwoven fabric layer can be any type of spunlace or needle-punched nonwoven fabric, made of any one or more blended materials selected from meta-aramid, para-aramid, PI, PBI, PBO, and pre-oxidized yarn, with a basis weight range of 50-150 g / m². 2 .

[0040] Preferably, the flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive has a melting point of 180°C and a viscosity of 8000-10000 CPS at 100°C.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive is sourced from Beijing Tianshan New Material Technology Co., Ltd., specifically PUR9000 hot melt adhesive.

[0042] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant composite adhesive is a mixture of a high-temperature resistant adhesive and a high-insulation material, wherein the high-insulation material accounts for 10-30%.

[0043] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant adhesive is a silicone-modified adhesive with a service temperature of -50℃ to 270℃.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the high-temperature resistant adhesive is derived from Dow Corning, Silastic 737.

[0045] Preferably, the high thermal insulation material is expanded graphite and / or RF (resorcinol-formaldehyde) aerogel.

[0046] Preferably, the expanded graphite has a mesh size of 100-150 mesh (125-180μm).

[0047] Preferably, the particle size of the aerogel is 10-20 nm.

[0048] Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded graphite to the aerogel is (1-3):1.

[0049] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare the first film layer, the second base fabric layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer; S2. The first film layer is bonded to the second base fabric layer to obtain a composite layer; S3. Lay the composite layer together with the third film layer and the fourth base fabric layer to obtain the final product.

[0050] By designing a multi-layered composite structure, a second flame-retardant base fabric layer and a fourth flame-retardant non-woven fabric layer are introduced on both sides of the high-temperature resistant third membrane layer. This protects the third membrane layer, minimizing or eliminating damage, ensuring good bending resistance, and maintaining high hydrostatic pressure. In traditional structures, the waterproof membrane layer is located on the outermost or innermost layer, directly bearing the greatest repeated bending stress during bending tests, making it prone to fatigue cracks. In this design, the third membrane layer is protected by the second and fourth base fabric layers. When the fabric bends, the stress is first absorbed and dispersed by the flexible outer base fabric, significantly reducing the stress transmitted to the inner membrane layer, thus greatly preventing through-cracks caused by repeated bending. Simultaneously, the second and fourth base fabric layers themselves have a certain thickness and bulkiness, forming a buffer zone around the membrane layer during bending, further reducing the bending curvature and placing it in a more gentle deformation environment. This design allows the insulation fabric to withstand multiple bending tests while maintaining its hydrostatic performance after bending, thus improving its safety in practical applications. Furthermore, placing the strong woven fabric (second layer) on the outside allows it to withstand the main mechanical stress and friction, while placing the soft non-woven fabric (fourth layer) on the inside provides a more comfortable fit, significantly improving the user experience for firefighters. In some preferred embodiments, to achieve better resistance to radiation heat penetration, the high-temperature resistant membrane layer can be a first membrane layer with anti-radiation hot-dip galvanized aluminum coating.

[0051] Preferably, in the first film layer, the aluminized film and the reinforcing film are bonded together with adhesive, and the amount of adhesive used is 5g / m³. 2 .

[0052] Preferably, the adhesive is from Fuller China Adhesives Co., Ltd., model: PUR5330.

[0053] Preferably, the bonding method between the first film layer and the second base fabric layer is full-coating bonding, that is, the adhesive covers 100% of the bonding surface, and the amount of adhesive used is 15-30g / m². 2 .

[0054] Preferably, the composite layer is bonded to the third film layer and the fourth base fabric layer by dispensing adhesive, with the adhesive covering 50-70% of the area and the adhesive dosage being 10-25 g / m². 2 .

[0055] The third aspect of the present invention provides an adhesive roller, wherein the surface of the roller is provided with two types of mesh patterns, including mesh pattern 1 and mesh pattern 2.

[0056] Preferably, the mesh pattern 1 is circular with a diameter of 120-160 μm and a pit depth of 10-20 μm.

[0057] Preferably, the mesh pattern 2 is circular with a diameter of 30-50 μm and a pit depth of 15-25 μm.

[0058] The cross-sectional view and top view of the adhesive roller are shown in the following figures. Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0059] The adhesive roller is specifically used for bonding each layer of the fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric.

[0060] By selecting expanded graphite and / or aerogel of specific particle sizes as high-insulation materials and applying them to the adhesive, along with a dedicated application roller, the thermal insulation, resistance to radiative heat penetration, and flame retardancy of the insulation fabric can be comprehensively improved. The high-insulation materials work synergistically: expanded graphite expands at high temperatures to form a dense insulation layer, blocking heat conduction, reflecting and scattering heat radiation, and adsorbing molten material to form a robust insulation barrier; aerogel has a nanoporous structure and extremely low thermal conductivity, inhibiting heat radiation and convection. Both materials alone achieve beneficial effects, while their combination significantly improves the fabric's insulation efficiency. Furthermore, the particle size distribution achieves dense spatial filling, further enhancing the synergistic effect. Additionally, the filler in the adhesive forms an interfacial thermal resistance with the substrate, further suppressing heat diffusion. Meanwhile, a dedicated gluing roller is set up. The double-textured structure with different diameters and pit depths not only allows the composite adhesive containing fillers to be quickly and evenly filled on the roller, avoiding filler agglomeration and ensuring uniform distribution of fillers, but also, combined with the dispensing bonding method, makes the adhesive layer not completely continuous. In the areas not covered by adhesive, a static air cavity is formed between the two layers of material. The air-sealed area can lock in the air between the layers, forming an additional air insulation layer, further reducing heat penetration and improving the overall thermal protection performance and radiation heat penetration resistance of the fabric.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a multi-layered fire-resistant thermal insulation fabric. By designing a multi-layered structure and bonding the layers together, the multi-layered synergistic effect improves the core functional indicators of the thermal insulation fabric, such as flame retardancy, thermal stability, resistance to radiation heat penetration, bending resistance, and hydrostatic pressure resistance. It meets the requirements of the national mandatory standard XF634-2015 "Firefighter Thermal Insulation Protective Clothing" and is suitable for extreme high-temperature environments such as fire fighting, chemical industry, and metallurgy.

[0062] 2. This invention solves the problem of insufficient overall temperature resistance of aluminum film by setting an anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum film layer structure and selecting specific base film and reinforcing film materials, while improving the heat insulation performance.

[0063] 3. This invention designs a multi-layer composite structure by introducing a second flame-retardant base fabric layer and a fourth flame-retardant non-woven fabric layer on both sides of the high-temperature resistant third membrane layer. This allows the third membrane layer to be in a protected state, with little or no damage to the membrane material, making it resistant to bending and not easily damaged, while maintaining high hydrostatic pressure.

[0064] 4. This invention, by selecting specific expanded graphite and / or aerogel as high heat insulation materials and applying them to the adhesive, and in conjunction with a special gluing roller, can comprehensively improve the heat insulation, resistance to radiant heat penetration, and flame retardancy of the heat insulation fabric. Attached Figure Description

[0065] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0066] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the adhesive roller of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the rubber roller of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] All raw materials used in this invention are commercially available, as detailed below: PET, with a viscosity of 0.68-0.72 dL / g and a melting point of 255-265℃, is from Yizheng Chemical Fiber, PET FG600.

[0069] PEN, melting point 260-268℃, molding shrinkage ≤0.8%, melt volume flow rate at 300℃ 16-20cm 3 / 10min, TEONEX PEN TN8050SC from Teijin Kasei Co., Ltd. of Japan.

[0070] PFA film, melting point 302-310℃, specific gravity 2.12, thickness 0.01-0.025mm, from Shanghai Yichuan Water Plastic Products Co., Ltd.

[0071] PPS film, with a melting point of 270-280℃, a long-term operating temperature of 240℃, and a thickness of 0.015-0.025mm, is from Chengdu Benzene Ring New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0072] Polyimide film, carbonized without melting, with a carbonization decomposition temperature of 520-540℃ and a thickness of 0.006-0.025mm, is from Aoshen New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0073] Meta-aramid fiber, with a strength ≥3.8 cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 0.8-1.4 dtex, is sourced from Chaomeisi New Materials Co., Ltd., X300.

[0074] Para-aramid, with a strength ≥19cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.6-2.2dtex, derived from DuPont, Kevlar 29.

[0075] PI (polypropylene), strength ≥ 4.0 cN / dtex, fiber fineness 1.0-1.6 dtex, sourced from Aoshen New Materials Co., Ltd., metallized Fitlon. ® .

[0076] PBI, with a strength ≥2.6 cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.0-1.4 dtex, is sourced from PBI Performance Products, Inc.

[0077] PBO, with a strength ≥60cN / dtex and a fiber fineness of 1.4-2.2dtex, is sourced from Xinchen New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Pre-oxidized fiber, with a strength ≥2.4cN / dtex, fiber fineness 1.4-2.2dtex, and porosity ≥60%, is sourced from Jili New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive, melting point 180℃, viscosity value 8000-10000CPS at 100℃, sourced from Beijing Tianshan New Material Technology Co., Ltd., PUR9000 hot melt adhesive.

[0078] High-temperature resistant adhesive, a silicone-modified adhesive, with a service temperature of -50℃ to 270℃, sourced from Dow Corning, Silastic 737.

[0079] PTFE membranes, with a thickness of 0.024-0.028mm, are from Shanghai Jinyou Fluorine Materials Co., Ltd.

[0080] Expanded graphite, with a mesh size of 100-150 (125-180μm), is from Qingdao Jinhui Graphite Co., Ltd.

[0081] RF aerogels with a particle size of 10-20nm are from Suzhou Baoyouji Technology Co., Ltd.

[0082] The adhesive is from Fuller China Adhesives Co., Ltd., model number: PUR5330.

[0083] Example 1 This embodiment provides a fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric, which is a four-layer composite structure consisting of a first film layer, a second base fabric layer, a third film layer, and a fourth base fabric layer. The first film layer is a radiation-reflective hot-dip galvanized aluminum film layer, the second base fabric layer is a flame-retardant base fabric layer, the third film layer is a high-temperature resistant film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer is a flame-retardant non-woven fabric layer.

[0084] The first film layer and the second base fabric layer are bonded together with flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the second base fabric layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer are bonded together with high-temperature resistant composite adhesive.

[0085] The anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum coating consists of two parts: an aluminum coating and a reinforcing film.

[0086] The aluminum-plated film consists of an aluminum-plated layer and a base film.

[0087] The structure of the anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum film is: aluminum coating layer / base film / aluminum coating layer / reinforcing film.

[0088] Both the base film and the reinforcing film are high-temperature resistant polyester films with a thickness of 0.008 mm.

[0089] The high-temperature resistant polyester film is made by blending and stretching PET and PEN, with a PEN content of 10%.

[0090] The aluminum plating layer is a magnetron sputtered aluminum plating layer with a thickness of 8 nm.

[0091] The flame-retardant base fabric layer is a woven fabric made of para-aramid fibers, with a fabric weight of 150 g / m². 2 .

[0092] The high-temperature resistant film layer is the aluminum-plated film in the first film layer anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum-plated film layer, with a thickness of 0.008 mm (the thickness of the aluminum-plated layer is negligible).

[0093] The flame-retardant nonwoven fabric layer is made by hydroentangling and consists of 80% meta-aramid and 20% para-aramid, with a basis weight of 120 g / m². 2 .

[0094] The high-temperature resistant composite adhesive is made by mixing a high-temperature resistant adhesive with a high-insulation material, wherein the high-insulation material accounts for 15%.

[0095] The high thermal insulation material is expanded graphite and RF aerogel in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0096] The preparation method of the fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the first film layer, the second base fabric layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer; S2. The first film layer is bonded to the second base fabric layer to obtain a composite layer; S3. Lay the composite layer together with the third film layer and the fourth base fabric layer to obtain the final product.

[0097] In the first film layer, the aluminized film and the reinforcing film are bonded together with adhesive, and the amount of adhesive used is 5g / m. 2 .

[0098] The first film layer and the second base fabric layer are bonded by full-coating bonding, meaning the adhesive covers 100% of the bonding surface, with an adhesive dosage of 30g / m². 2 .

[0099] The composite layer is bonded to the third film layer and the fourth base fabric layer by dispensing adhesive, with the adhesive covering 60% of the area and using 20g / m² of adhesive. 2 .

[0100] The gluing roller has two types of patterns on its surface, including pattern 1 and pattern 2.

[0101] The mesh pattern 1 is circular with a diameter of 140 μm and a pit depth of 15 μm.

[0102] The mesh pattern 2 is circular with a diameter of 35μm and a pit depth of 20μm.

[0103] The adhesive roller is specifically used for bonding each layer of the fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric.

[0104] Example 2 The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that both the base film and the reinforcing film are PFA films with a thickness of 0.01 mm.

[0105] The aluminum plating layer is a magnetron sputtered aluminum plating layer with a thickness of 8 nm.

[0106] The flame-retardant base fabric layer is a woven fabric made of 95% meta-aramid and 5% para-aramid, with a fabric weight of 210 g / m². 2 .

[0107] The high-temperature resistant film layer is the aluminum-plated film in the first film layer anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum-plated film layer, with a thickness of 0.01 mm (the thickness of the aluminum-plated layer is negligible).

[0108] The flame-retardant nonwoven fabric layer is made by hydroentangling and consists of 80% meta-aramid and 20% para-aramid, with a basis weight of 90 g / m². 2 .

[0109] The high-insulation material is expanded graphite.

[0110] Example 3 The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is: The flame-retardant base fabric layer is a knitted fabric woven from para-aramid fibers, with a fabric weight of 220 g / m². 2 .

[0111] The high-temperature resistant membrane layer is made of PTFE membrane with a thickness of 0.025 mm.

[0112] The flame-retardant nonwoven fabric layer is made by hydroentangling and consists of 80% meta-aramid and 20% para-aramid, with a basis weight of 90 g / m². 2 .

[0113] The high thermal insulation material is RF aerogel.

[0114] Example 4 The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the base film is a high-temperature resistant polyester film with a thickness of 0.006 mm.

[0115] The reinforcing film is a polyimide film with a thickness of 0.015 mm.

[0116] The high-temperature resistant polyester film is made by blending and stretching PET and PEN, with a PEN content of 10%.

[0117] The aluminum plating layer is a magnetron sputtered aluminum plating layer with a thickness of 8 nm.

[0118] The high-temperature resistant film layer is the aluminum-plated film in the first film layer of the anti-radiation hot-dip aluminum-plated film layer in Example 1, with a thickness of 0.008 mm (the thickness of the aluminum-plated layer is negligible).

[0119] The high-insulation material is expanded graphite.

[0120] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric, which is a double-layer composite structure consisting of a first film layer and a second base fabric layer. The first film layer and the second base fabric layer are bonded together with flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive. The first film layer is the same as the first film layer in Example 1. The second base fabric layer is a woven fabric made of 60% para-aramid and 40% PBI, with a fabric weight of 220 g / m². 2 The first film layer and the second base fabric layer are bonded using a full-coat bonding method, meaning the adhesive covers 100% of the bonding surface, with an adhesive dosage of 30g / m². 2 .

[0121] Comparative Example 2 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the high-temperature resistant polyester film is made by blending and stretching PET and PEN, with a PEN content of 50%.

[0122] Comparative Example 3 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the high-temperature resistant polyester film is made by blending and stretching PET and PLA (polylactic acid), with a PLA content of 10%.

[0123] Comparative Example 4 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the first film layer only contains an aluminum-plated film and has no reinforcing film.

[0124] Comparative Example 5 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the expanded graphite has a mesh size of 1000-1500.

[0125] Comparative Example 6 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the gluing roller is a conventional gluing roller with a uniform and regular diamond-shaped mesh pattern on its surface.

[0126] Comparative Example 7 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the gluing roller has only one type of mesh pattern 1 on its surface.

[0127] Comparative Example 8 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composite layer is bonded to the third film layer and the fourth base fabric layer by a full-coating bonding method, that is, the adhesive covers 100% of the bonding surface, and the amount of adhesive used is 30g / m². 2 .

[0128] Performance testing Referring to the requirements of XF634-2015 "Firefighter Thermal Protective Clothing", the flame retardant performance, high temperature resistance at 260℃, radiation heat penetration resistance RPP, 2500-cycle bending resistance, and hydrostatic pressure resistance after 2500 cycles of bending were tested on the samples. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0129] Table 1 According to statistics, the fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabrics prepared in Examples 1-4 of this invention exhibit excellent flame retardant performance, high-temperature resistance at 260℃, thermal insulation performance, resistance to radiation heat penetration, and resistance to 2500 bends, with high hydrostatic pressure after bending. Comparative Example 1 only has a double-layer structure; Comparative Example 2 has an excessively high PEN content; Comparative Example 3 did not use a blend of PEN and PET; Comparative Example 4's first film layer only contains an aluminized film without a reinforcing film; Comparative Example 5 has an excessively high expanded graphite mesh count; Comparative Example 6 uses a conventional gluing roller; Comparative Example 7's gluing roller surface only has a mesh pattern 1; and Comparative Example 8 uses a full-coating bonding method for the composite layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer. The thermal insulation fabrics prepared in these examples all have poor performance. Therefore, the fire-fighting multi-layer thermal insulation fabric prepared using the raw materials and methods described in this application has excellent flame retardant properties, can withstand high temperatures of 260℃, has high thermal insulation, high resistance to radiant heat penetration, can withstand 2500 bends and has high hydrostatic pressure after bending, fully meets the test requirements for outer fabrics in XF634-2015 "Firefighter Thermal Insulation Protective Clothing", and the fabric is lightweight and soft overall.

[0130] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric, characterized in that, It has a four-layer composite structure, consisting of a first film layer, a second base fabric layer, a third film layer, and a fourth base fabric layer; wherein the first film layer is a radiation-reflective hot-dip aluminum-plated film layer, the second base fabric layer is a flame-retardant base fabric layer, the third film layer is a high-temperature resistant film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer is a flame-retardant non-woven fabric layer. The first film layer and the second base fabric layer are bonded together with flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the second base fabric layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer are bonded together with high-temperature resistant composite adhesive. The anti-radiation hot-dip aluminized film layer consists of two parts: an aluminized film and a reinforcing film. The aluminized film consists of an aluminized layer and a base film. The structure of the anti-radiation hot-dip aluminized film layer is: aluminized layer / base film / aluminized layer / reinforcing film. The base film is any one of high-temperature resistant polyester film, PFA film, and PPS film, with a film thickness ranging from 0.004 to 0.018 mm. The reinforcing film is any one of high-temperature resistant polyester film, PFA film, PPS film, and polyimide film, with a film thickness ranging from 0.004 to 0.018 mm. The high-temperature resistant polyester film is obtained by blending or copolymerizing PET and PEN and stretching, with a PEN content ranging from 5% to 15%. The high-temperature resistant composite adhesive is composed of a high-temperature resistant adhesive and a high-insulation material, wherein the high-insulation material accounts for 10-30%; the high-insulation material is expanded graphite and / or RF aerogel; the expanded graphite has a mesh size of 100-150 mesh.

2. The fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant base cloth layer is any one of woven cloth and knitted cloth, which is woven by yarn of any one or several of meta-aramid, para-aramid, PI, PBI, PBO, and pre-oxidized yarn, and the fabric weight range is 100-220 g / m 2 .

3. The fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant film layer is any one of PTFE film, high-temperature resistant polyester film, PFA film, PPS film, and polyimide film, with a thickness range of 0.006-0.028 mm.

4. The fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant nonwoven fabric layer can be any type of spunlace or needle-punched nonwoven fabric, made of any one or more blended materials selected from meta-aramid, para-aramid, PI, PBI, PBO, and pre-oxidized yarn, with a basis weight range of 50-150 g / m². 2 .

5. A method for preparing a fire-resistant multi-layer thermal insulation fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the first film layer, the second base fabric layer, the third film layer, and the fourth base fabric layer; S2. The first film layer is bonded to the second base fabric layer to obtain a composite layer; S3. Lay the composite layer together with the third film layer and the fourth base fabric layer to obtain the final product.

6. A gluing roller, characterized in that, The surface of the roller is provided with two types of mesh patterns, including mesh pattern 1 and mesh pattern 2; mesh pattern 1 is circular with a diameter of 120-160μm and a pit depth of 10-20μm; mesh pattern 2 is circular with a diameter of 30-50μm and a pit depth of 15-25μm; the adhesive roller is specifically used for bonding processing between each layer of the fire-fighting multi-layer thermal insulation fabric as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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