A single point mooring chain and hawse pipe connection damage monitoring and suppression device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and inhibiting device and method, it is related to the inner turret type single-point mooring safety monitoring and protection technical field, the device is set in the tower body structure under the turret of the inner turret type single-point mooring system, including: motion measurement module, contact load measurement module, mooring chain measurement module, collaborative control module and inhibiting drive module, motion measurement module is used to obtain the motion characteristics of turret;Contact load measurement module is used to measure contact interface load and wear amount;Mooring chain measurement module is used to obtain chain body posture and tension;Collaborative control module carries out damage grade determination and instruction output;Inhibiting drive module executes pre-tightening force adjustment, mechanical locking and wear compensation to realize hierarchical inhibition.The application solves the problem of insufficient in-situ monitoring capability of contact interface in the prior art, lack of active inhibition means, realizes in-situ perception, intelligent determination and hierarchical inhibition of intelligent control of the damage of mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of safety monitoring and protection technology for internal turret-type single-point mooring systems in floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units, specifically relating to a device and method for monitoring and suppressing damage to the connection between a single-point mooring chain and an anchor chain disc. Background Technology

[0002] The internal turret single-point mooring system is a core component of Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) units, enabling long-term offshore positioning, a 360° weather vane effect, and integrated oil and gas riser. Mooring loads originate from the seabed anchor and are transmitted sequentially through the mooring chain, chain stopper, anchor chain disc, and main bearing to the hull. The interfaces between the mooring chain and chain stopper, and between the chain stopper and anchor chain disc, constitute critical force transmission interfaces. These interfaces are subjected to alternating wave and ocean current loads, six-degree-of-freedom hull motion excitation, multi-directional composite contact stress, and the coupled effects of seawater corrosion and wear. Under extreme sea conditions, they are highly susceptible to cumulative damage such as stress concentration, localized wear, contact slippage, and loosening of the locking mechanism. Once this damage develops, it can lead to uneven mooring loads, plastic deformation of the chain links, and chain stopper failure.

[0003] In existing technologies, for safety monitoring of deep-sea single-point mooring systems, there are overall monitoring systems based on multiple types of sensors. These systems acquire state information such as marine environment, float position, mooring tension, and structural vibration through sensors deployed on the hull or chain. Combined with marine engineering dynamics models, they analyze, evaluate, and provide early warnings of the overall dynamic response and structural stress state of the ship-turret-mooring system. However, these sensors are often located far from the actual contact interfaces between the mooring chain and the chain stopper, and between the chain stopper and the anchor chain disc, making it impossible to acquire distributed contact stress, contact wear, and relative displacement information, and making it difficult to quantitatively identify early local damage at the interface. For local monitoring schemes of the chain stopper, displacement and stress sensors are installed on the chain stopper body to monitor the state of the mooring chain links. This detection scheme only collects a single physical quantity and lacks dual-sided collaborative sensing of the inner wall of the anchor chain disc chain stopper compartment and the chain stopper guide groove. It is difficult to simultaneously identify multiple coexisting damage modes such as contact eccentricity, interface wear, relative slippage, and locking loosening, and it is also impossible to clearly classify the damage levels. Meanwhile, existing passive monitoring and remote early warning solutions rely on manual intervention after monitoring signals are uploaded to the surface control center. They lack active suppression functions such as contact stress regulation, gap compensation, and redundant locking, and cannot prevent failure from developing in the early stages of damage. This makes it difficult to meet the service requirements of deep-sea FPSOs for long service cycles, high reliability, and minimal maintenance.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies lack distributed in-situ monitoring methods for the contact interface between the mooring chain, chain stopper, and anchor chain disc, as well as a graded active suppression function that integrates intelligent damage level determination based on multi-physical quantity information and monitoring results. Therefore, developing a dedicated device that directly adapts to the structure of the anchor chain disc and chain stopper, and possesses in-situ monitoring of multi-physical quantities, intelligent damage determination, and graded active suppression functions, has significant engineering value for improving the service safety of critical mooring interfaces, extending equipment lifespan, and reducing operational risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a device and method for monitoring and suppressing damage at the connection between a single mooring chain and an anchor chain disc, thereby solving the problems of insufficient in-situ monitoring capability of the contact interface, low accuracy of damage determination, and lack of active suppression methods in the existing technology, and realizing intelligent control of in-situ perception, intelligent determination, and graded suppression of damage at the connection between the mooring chain and the anchor chain disc.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for monitoring and suppressing damage to the connection between a single-point mooring chain and an anchor chain disc is installed in the lower tower structure of an inner turret-type single-point mooring system. The lower tower structure includes a turret integrated plate, a turret bulkhead, a support bearing, an anchor chain disc, a chain stopper, and a mooring chain. The device includes a motion measurement module, a contact load measurement module, a mooring chain measurement module, a collaborative control module, and a suppression drive module.

[0008] The motion measurement module is located at the contact surface between the support bearing and the anchor chain disc;

[0009] The contact load measurement module is embedded in the inner wall of the chain stopper compartment of the anchor chain disc and in the guide groove of the chain stopper.

[0010] The mooring chain measurement module is attached to the mooring chain in the entry section of the trench.

[0011] The collaborative control module is mounted on the turret integrated plate and is communicatively connected to the motion measurement module, the contact load measurement module, and the mooring chain measurement module, respectively.

[0012] The suppression drive module is installed in the chain stopper base and the chain stopper guide groove of the chain stopper, and is electrically connected to the cooperative control module.

[0013] The suppression drive module adopts an integrated structure, arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the channel of the chain stopper, and is integrally embedded in the chain stopper base and the chain stopper guide groove. The suppression drive module includes a hydraulic drive unit, a mechanical locking unit, and a wear compensation unit. The hydraulic drive unit is fixedly installed on the chain stopper base, and its power output end is connected to the locking mechanism of the chain stopper for adjusting the overall preload of the chain stopper. The mechanical locking unit is embedded in the chain stopper guide groove and located below the hydraulic drive unit. The mechanical locking unit adopts a telescopic locking structure, and its locking end is aligned with the chain link gap of the mooring chain and the limiting groove on the inner wall of the chain stopper. The wear compensation unit is located below the mechanical locking unit, and its wear-resistant bonding layer is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the chain stopper guide groove. The wear compensation unit has a drive ball on the side away from the mooring chain. The drive ball adjusts the wear-resistant bonding layer to compensate for wear gaps by radial displacement relative to the axial direction of the mooring chain.

[0014] Furthermore, the motion measurement module includes two sets of measuring elements symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower contact surfaces of the support bearing. Each set of measuring elements includes an inclination measuring element, a displacement measuring element, and a vibration measuring element. The inclination measuring element, displacement measuring element, and vibration measuring element jointly output the overall motion characteristics of the turret structure. The motion characteristics include the turret body inclination angle, the radial displacement of the anchor chain disc, the axial displacement of the anchor chain disc, and the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude.

[0015] Furthermore, the contact load measurement module includes a pressure measuring element, a stepped thickness wear measuring element, a relative displacement measuring element, a stress measuring element, and a wear measurement element. The pressure measuring element is uniformly embedded in the hatch of the chain stopper compartment to monitor the compressive stress distribution on the contact surface between the chain stopper and the chain stopper compartment. The stepped thickness wear measuring element is embedded inside the wear-resistant lining of the guide surface of the chain stopper compartment, and its monitoring parameters change in a stepped manner with the increase of wear thickness to achieve quantitative output of wear at the contact point. The relative displacement measuring element is arranged at the guide outlet of the chain stopper compartment to monitor the relative slippage of the chain stopper at the contact point. The stress measuring element and the wear measurement element are embedded in the guide groove of the chain stopper to monitor the contact load and interface wear of the mooring chain acting on the guide groove of the chain stopper. The monitoring signals of the pressure measuring element, the stepped thickness wear measuring element, the relative displacement measuring element, the stress measuring element, and the wear measurement element are all transmitted wirelessly to the collaborative control module.

[0016] Furthermore, the mooring chain measurement module includes a tension measurement element, an attitude measurement element, and a surface wear measurement element. The tension measurement element is attached to the surface of the mooring chain to collect the axial tension and dynamic impact load of the mooring chain. The attitude measurement element is sleeved on the first and last links of the mooring chain in the entry section to monitor the entry angle and torsional attitude of the mooring chain. The surface wear measurement element is attached to the link connection surface of the mooring chain to monitor the wear and corrosion status of the links. The tension measurement element, attitude measurement element, and surface wear measurement element all adopt a waterproof and sealed encapsulation structure, and the monitoring signals of each measurement element are transmitted to the collaborative control module wirelessly.

[0017] Furthermore, the collaborative control module integrates a signal processing unit, a judgment unit, and an instruction output unit that are electrically connected in sequence. The signal processing unit amplifies, normalizes, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the monitoring signal, and calculates the load imbalance coefficient, contact wear rate, chain tension difference ratio, and relative displacement amplitude. The judgment unit has a built-in damage judgment threshold and failure feature database. The failure feature database stores characteristic parameters and judgment thresholds for tension overload, contact off-center load, interface wear, relative displacement, locking loosening, and chain breakage. The judgment unit classifies the system damage level into four levels: normal, minor damage, moderate damage, and failure. The instruction output unit outputs corresponding graded suppression instructions to the suppression drive module according to the damage level and achieves bidirectional data transmission with the surface monitoring center through underwater acoustic communication.

[0018] Furthermore, when the collaborative control module determines that the system status is slightly damaged, the hydraulic drive unit adjusts the preload of the chain stopper to balance the interface load of the mooring chain, and at the same time, the collaborative control module triggers the local early warning device.

[0019] Furthermore, when the collaborative control module determines that the system status is moderate damage, the collaborative control module simultaneously activates the hydraulic drive unit and the mechanical locking unit: the hydraulic drive unit redistributes the tension of the mooring chain, and the mechanical locking unit performs a mechanical locking action to form redundant locking; at the same time, the collaborative control module uploads damage alarm information through a remote alarm device.

[0020] Furthermore, when the collaborative control module determines that the system status is failed, the collaborative control module synchronously drives the hydraulic drive unit, the mechanical locking unit, and the wear compensation unit to work together: the hydraulic drive unit performs a full lock-up action, the wear compensation unit compensates for the interface wear gap, and the mechanical locking unit achieves full-channel rigid locking; at the same time, the collaborative control module issues an emergency command.

[0021] The present invention also includes:

[0022] A method for monitoring and suppressing damage at the connection between a single-point mooring chain and an anchor chain disc, using the aforementioned device, includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Synchronously and in real time collect the overall motion characteristics of the turret structure, contact interface load parameters, and mooring chain status parameters through the motion measurement module, contact load measurement module, and mooring chain measurement module.

[0024] Step 2: The collaborative control module receives the monitoring signals from each module, amplifies, normalizes, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the monitoring signals, and calculates the load imbalance coefficient, contact wear rate, chain tension difference ratio, and relative displacement amplitude.

[0025] Step 3: The collaborative control module compares the processed feature parameters with the built-in failure feature database and determines the system damage level as Level 1 of four categories: normal, minor damage, moderate damage, or failure.

[0026] Step 4: The collaborative control module outputs the corresponding graded suppression command to the suppression drive module according to the damage level;

[0027] Step 5: The suppression drive module executes one or more damage suppression actions, such as chain stopper preload adjustment, mechanical redundancy locking, and wear compensation, according to the received graded suppression command.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] This invention employs multi-module distributed in-situ monitoring, enabling collaborative sensing of multiple physical quantities at key force transmission interfaces such as mooring chains, chain stoppers, anchor chain discs, and turrets. It can simultaneously acquire multi-dimensional information such as turret motion characteristics, contact interface loads and wear, and chain posture and tension. Compared with existing overall remote monitoring solutions, it can significantly improve the ability to identify early damage.

[0030] This invention relies on multi-dimensional monitoring information for feature extraction and combines it with a built-in failure feature database to achieve four levels of damage classification: normal, minor damage, moderate damage, and failure. Then, it matches the corresponding graded suppression strategy and constructs a closed-loop control link from damage detection, damage classification to damage suppression. Compared with the existing passive monitoring schemes, the active suppression function can significantly reduce the risk of accidents.

[0031] The suppression drive module of this invention adopts an integrated structure of hydraulic drive, mechanical locking and wear compensation. It is arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the chain stopper channel. It can trigger corresponding suppression actions in stages under different damage levels, realizing active protection with single device, multiple functions and multi-level response.

[0032] Each monitoring module of the present invention adopts an embedded or attached design, with an overall interference-free layout. It does not change the original mooring system structure and force transmission path, and can be directly adapted to the existing internal turret type single-point mooring system, effectively reducing the cost of device modification and upgrade. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0034] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the motion monitoring module of the present invention;

[0035] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the suppression driving module of the present invention;

[0036] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the mooring chain measurement module of the present invention;

[0037] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and suppression control process of the present invention.

[0038] In the attached diagram: 1. Integrated plate; 2. Turret bulkhead; 3. Support bearing; 4. Anchor chain disc; 41. Chain stopper compartment; 5. Chain stopper; 51. Chain stopper base; 52. Chain stopper guide groove; 53. Chain stopper inner wall limiting slot; 6. Mooring chain; 7. Motion measurement module; 71. Inclination measuring element; 72. Displacement measuring element; 73. Vibration measuring element; 8. Contact load measurement module; 81. Pressure measuring element; 82. Stepped thickness wear measuring element; 83. Relative... 84. Displacement measuring element; 85. Stress measuring element; 9. Wear measuring element; 9. Mooring chain measuring module; 91. Tension measuring element; 92. Attitude measuring element; 93. Surface wear measuring element; 10. Cooperative control module; 101. Signal processing unit; 102. Judgment unit; 103. Command output unit; 111. Hydraulic drive unit; 112. Mechanical locking unit; 1121. Locking end; 113. Wear compensation unit; 1131. Drive ball. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This invention provides a device for monitoring and suppressing damage to the connection between a single-point mooring chain and an anchor chain disc. This device is installed on the lower turret structure of an inner turret-type single-point mooring system, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1As shown, the lower tower structure of the turret includes a turret integrated plate 1, a turret bulkhead 2, a support bearing 3, an anchor chain disc 4, a chain stopper 5, and a mooring chain 6. The turret bulkhead 2 is the main cylindrical wall panel of the turret structure, and its top end face is fixedly connected to the turret integrated plate 1. The outer ring of the support bearing 3 is fixedly connected to the anchor chain disc 4, allowing the anchor chain disc 4 to rotate freely relative to the turret bulkhead 2. Multiple chain stopper compartments 41 are arranged circumferentially on the anchor chain disc 4. The chain stopper 5 is installed inside the chain stopper compartment 41 and includes a chain stopper base 51, a chain stopper guide groove 52, and a chain stopper inner wall limiting groove 53. The mooring chain 6 passes through the chain stopper guide groove 52 from the seabed along the groove direction and is locked to the inner wall of the chain stopper compartment 41 of the anchor chain disc 4 by the chain stopper 5.

[0041] Combined with appendix Figure 1-4 As shown, the single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device includes a motion measurement module 7, a contact load measurement module 8, a mooring chain measurement module 9, a collaborative control module 10, and a suppression drive module. The motion measurement module 7, contact load measurement module 8, and mooring chain measurement module 9 are respectively arranged at different key force transmission interfaces. The collaborative control module 10 is integrated on the turret integrated plate 1 and communicates with the above three measurement modules. The suppression drive module is embedded in the chain stopper base 51 and the chain stopper guide groove 52 and is electrically connected to the collaborative control module 10.

[0042] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the motion measurement module 7 is located at the contact surface between the support bearing 3 and the anchor chain disc 4, and is used to monitor the overall motion characteristics of the ship's turret structure. Figure 2 As shown, the motion measurement module 7 includes two sets of measuring elements symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower contact surfaces of the support bearing 3; each set of measuring elements includes an inclination measuring element 71, a displacement measuring element 72, and a vibration measuring element 73, which are wirelessly connected to the collaborative control module 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, the tilt measuring element 71 is a biaxial MEMS tilt sensor with a range of ±15° and a resolution better than 0.01°; the displacement measuring element 72 is an eddy current displacement sensor used to measure the minute radial and axial displacements of the anchor chain disc 4, with a range of ±5mm and a resolution better than 10. The vibration measurement element 73 employs a triaxial piezoelectric accelerometer with a frequency range of 0.5Hz to 2kHz. The tilt measurement element 71, displacement measurement element 72, and vibration measurement element 73 jointly output the overall motion characteristics of the turret structure. These motion characteristics include the turret body tilt angle, the radial displacement of the anchor chain disc, the axial displacement of the anchor chain disc, and the vibration frequency and amplitude, which are used to characterize the overall structural motion and load eccentricity characteristics.

[0044] As attached Figure 1 , 3As shown, the contact load measurement module 8 includes a pressure measuring element 81, a stepped thickness wear measuring element 82, a relative displacement measuring element 83, a stress measuring element 84, and a wear measurement element 85, as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Among them, the pressure measuring element 81, the stepped thickness wear measuring element 82, and the relative displacement measuring element 83 are embedded in the inner wall of the chain stopper compartment 41 of the anchor chain disc 4; the stress measuring element 84 and the wear measuring element 85 are embedded in the guide groove 52 of the chain stopper 5.

[0045] Specifically, the pressure measuring element 81 is uniformly embedded along the circumferential direction of the hatch of the chain stopper compartment 41. In this embodiment, 4 to 8 sets are equally spaced along the circumference to monitor in real time the distribution of compressive stress on the contact surface between the chain stopper 5 and the chain stopper compartment 41 caused by the offset of the mooring chain 6, thereby capturing early hidden dangers of load imbalance. In this embodiment, the pressure measuring element 81 adopts a high-rigidity thin-film pressure sensor with a range of 0~100MPa and an overload capacity of 150%.

[0046] The stepped thickness wear measuring element 82 is embedded inside the wear-resistant lining of the guide surface of the chain stopper compartment 41. Multiple sets of short-circuit rings or resistance wires are arranged in layers along the thickness direction at preset intervals (0.5mm~1mm in this embodiment). When the wear surface is worn down to a certain layer, the short-circuit ring or resistance wire of that layer is broken. The monitoring parameters change stepwise with the increase of wear thickness, thereby realizing the quantitative and graded output of the wear amount of the contact part.

[0047] The relative displacement measuring element 83 is arranged at the guide outlet of the chain stopper compartment 41. In this embodiment, a differential inductive displacement sensor is used to monitor the relative slippage of the chain stopper 5 at the contact point caused by the mooring chain 6. The range is ±2mm and the resolution is better than 5μm, which can provide early warning of the risk of locking failure.

[0048] The stress measuring element 84 and the wear measuring element 85 are embedded in the inner wall of the guide groove 52 of the chain stopper 5. In this embodiment, the stress measuring element 84 is a thin-film strain sensor, which is evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the guide groove 52; the wear measuring element 85 adopts the same layered short-circuit structure as the stepped thickness wear measuring element 82, and is used to monitor the contact load of the mooring chain 6 on the guide groove 52 and the interface wear of the inner wall of the guide groove 52.

[0049] The monitoring signals of the pressure measuring element 81, the stepped thickness wear measuring element 82, the relative displacement measuring element 83, the stress measuring element 84, and the wear measurement element 85 are all transmitted wirelessly to the collaborative control module 10, avoiding wired connections at the rotating part of the turret and improving installation feasibility and reliability.

[0050] As attached Figure 4As shown, the mooring chain measurement module 9 includes a tension measuring element 91, an attitude measuring element 92, and a surface wear measuring element 93. The tension measuring element 91 is attached to the surface of the mooring chain 6. In this embodiment, it consists of encapsulated strain gauges, with three sets arranged circumferentially along the chain to eliminate off-center loading errors. It can collect the axial tension and dynamic impact load of the mooring chain 6. The range of the tension measuring element 91 is selected according to the grade of the mooring chain, with a typical range of 0~1500 tons.

[0051] Attitude measurement element 92 is fitted onto the first and last links of the mooring chain 6 in the entry section. In this embodiment, a nine-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used to monitor the entry angle and torsional attitude of the mooring chain 6 in real time, with an attitude angular resolution better than 0.1°.

[0052] The surface wear measuring element 93 is attached to the connecting surface of adjacent links of the mooring chain 6. In this embodiment, an eddy current thickness sensor is used to monitor the wear and corrosion state of the link connecting surface during long-term contact, with a resolution better than 0.05 mm.

[0053] The tension measuring element 91, attitude measuring element 92 and surface wear measuring element 93 all adopt a waterproof and sealed encapsulation structure, and the working pressure is suitable for deep-sea working conditions with water depths of up to 2000m or more; the monitoring signals of each measuring element are transmitted to the collaborative control module 10 wirelessly.

[0054] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the collaborative control module 10 is installed on the turret integrated plate 1 and placed inside the turret sealed chamber to ensure electrical safety; the collaborative control module 10 integrates a signal processing unit 101, a judgment unit 102 and an instruction output unit 103 that are connected in sequence.

[0055] The signal processing unit 101 is used to amplify, normalize, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the monitoring signals from the motion measurement module 7, the contact load measurement module 8, and the mooring chain measurement module 9, and calculate the following characteristic parameters according to a preset algorithm:

[0056] (1) Load imbalance coefficient Defined as the difference between the maximum and average values ​​of the output values ​​of the multi-point pressure measuring element 81 in the same chain stopper chamber 41, and the ratio of the maximum value to the average value, it is used to characterize the degree of unevenness in the distribution of contact stress.

[0057] (2) Contact wear rate The incremental wear thickness per unit time is calculated by combining the stepped transition signals output by the stepped thickness wear measuring element 82 and the wear amount measuring element 85 with time difference.

[0058] (3) Chain tension difference ratio Defined as the ratio of the range to the mean of the output values ​​of the tension measuring element 91 at different locations within the same time window, it is used to characterize the non-uniformity of the tension distribution in the chain.

[0059] (4) Relative displacement amplitude Based on the output of the relative displacement measuring element 83, the peak-to-peak value of the relative displacement within the wave cycle is extracted.

[0060] The determination unit 102 has a built-in damage determination threshold and failure feature database. The failure feature database stores feature parameters and determination thresholds for six failure modes: tension overload, contact off-center load, interface wear, relative displacement, locking loosening, and chain breakage. The determination unit 102 compares the feature parameters output by the signal processing unit 101 with the thresholds in the failure feature database to classify the system damage level into four levels: normal, minor damage, moderate damage, and failure. Typical thresholds in this embodiment are as follows: normal state when all feature parameters are less than the safety threshold; minor damage when any feature parameter exceeds the safety threshold but is less than the warning threshold; moderate damage when two or more feature parameters exceed the warning threshold or any parameter exceeds the early warning threshold; failure when any feature parameter exceeds the failure threshold. Specific thresholds can be calibrated according to the actual FPSO operating conditions, marine environment, and mooring chain model.

[0061] The instruction output unit 103 is used to output a corresponding graded suppression instruction to the suppression drive module according to the damage level output by the judgment unit 102, and to realize bidirectional data transmission with the waterborne monitoring center through the underwater acoustic communication module, so that the shore-based or ship-based end can keep abreast of the mooring status and remotely confirm the emergency instructions.

[0062] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the suppression drive module adopts an integrated structure and is arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the channel of the chain stopper 5. It is embedded in the chain stopper base 51 and the chain stopper guide groove 52, and includes a hydraulic drive unit 111, a mechanical locking unit 112 and a wear compensation unit 113.

[0063] The hydraulic drive unit 111 is fixedly installed on the chain stopper base 51, and its power output end is connected to the locking mechanism of the chain stopper 5. In this embodiment, the hydraulic drive unit 111 is driven by a servo hydraulic cylinder, with an output thrust of up to 50 tons and a stroke of ±20mm. It can realize the continuous adjustment of the overall preload of the chain stopper 5, thereby completing the secondary auxiliary locking of the chain stopper 5.

[0064] The mechanical locking unit 112 is embedded in the chain stopper guide groove 52 and located below the hydraulic drive unit 111. It adopts a telescopic locking structure, which in this embodiment consists of a hydraulically or electromagnetically driven telescopic pin and a guide slider. The locking end 1121 of the mechanical locking unit 112 is aligned with the chain link gap of the mooring chain 6 and the limiting groove 53 of the chain stopper 5. When the collaborative control module 10 determines that there is a moderate risk of damage or failure, the locking end 1121 extends and locks into the chain link gap and the limiting groove 53, forming a double mechanical redundancy locking with the hydraulic locking.

[0065] The wear compensation unit 113 is located below the mechanical locking unit 112 and includes a wear-resistant bonding layer, drive balls 1131, and a micro-displacement drive mechanism. The wear-resistant bonding layer is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the chain stopper guide groove 52, and the drive balls 1131 are located on the side of the wear compensation unit 113 away from the mooring chain 6. When a wear gap appears at the guide interface between the mooring chain 6 and the chain stopper 5, the micro-displacement drive mechanism pushes the drive balls 1131 to make a slight radial displacement (in this embodiment, the displacement resolution is better than 0.05 mm), thereby pushing the wear-resistant bonding layer to make a slight radial displacement to compensate for the wear gap and achieve uniform transmission of the load at the contact interface.

[0066] The working process of the device described in this invention includes the following steps, in conjunction with the attached... Figure 5 Explanation:

[0067] Step 1: After the device is powered on, the motion measurement module 7, the contact load measurement module 8, and the mooring chain measurement module 9 synchronously and in real time collect the physical quantity signals of their respective measurement points and upload them to the collaborative control module 10 wirelessly.

[0068] Step 2: The signal processing unit 101 of the collaborative control module 10 amplifies, filters, normalizes, and converts the amplitude of each monitoring signal to an analog-to-digital converter, and calculates the load imbalance coefficient κ, contact wear rate v, and chain tension difference ratio. and relative displacement amplitude Key feature parameters, etc.

[0069] Step 3: The determination unit 102 compares the above feature parameters with the thresholds in the failure feature database, identifies the current damage mode, and determines the damage level (normal, minor damage, moderate damage, or failure).

[0070] Step 4: The command output unit 103 outputs the corresponding graded suppression command according to the damage level, and uploads the judgment result to the waterborne monitoring center through underwater acoustic communication.

[0071] Step 5: The suppression driver module executes the corresponding suppression action according to the instructions. The specific hierarchical suppression strategy is as follows:

[0072] (1) When the state is determined to be normal, the suppression drive module does not operate and the system enters the continuous monitoring mode.

[0073] (2) When the damage is determined to be minor, only the hydraulic drive unit 111 is activated: the hydraulic drive unit 111 slightly adjusts the preload of the chain stopper 5, dynamically balances the interface load of the mooring chain 6, eliminates minor load imbalance and stress unevenness, and at the same time coordinates with the control module 10 to trigger the local early warning device to remind maintenance personnel to pay attention to the interface status, but does not need to intervene immediately.

[0074] (3) When the damage is determined to be moderate, the collaborative control module 10 simultaneously starts the hydraulic drive unit 111 and the mechanical locking unit 112: the hydraulic drive unit 111 redistributes the tension of the mooring chain 6, and the locking end 1121 of the mechanical locking unit 112 quickly extends and locks into the gap between the links of the mooring chain 6 and the limiting slot 53, forming a mechanical redundant locking to prevent further damage; at the same time, the collaborative control module 10 uploads the damage alarm information to the water monitoring center through the remote alarm device and retains the corresponding working condition data for subsequent operation and maintenance analysis.

[0075] (4) When a failure is detected, the collaborative control module 10 synchronously drives the hydraulic drive unit 111, the mechanical locking unit 112, and the wear compensation unit 113 to work together: the hydraulic drive unit 111 performs a full lock-up action; the wear compensation unit 113 quickly compensates for the interface wear gap; the mechanical locking unit 112 achieves full-channel rigid locking, blocking the slippage and failure risk of the mooring chain 6; at the same time, the collaborative control module 10 issues an emergency command to notify the maritime monitoring center to initiate the emergency rescue and equipment replacement process. During this process, the wear compensation unit 113 maintains a long-term operating mode to continuously compensate for interface wear.

[0076] Based on the above working process, this device can achieve in-situ monitoring, intelligent judgment and graded suppression without changing the existing mooring system structure and force transmission path, which significantly improves the operational stability and service safety of the single-point mooring system under complex sea conditions.

[0077] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring and suppressing damage to the connection between a single-point mooring chain and an anchor chain disc, installed in the lower tower structure of an inner turret-type single-point mooring system, the lower tower structure comprising a turret integrated plate (1), a turret bulkhead (2), a support bearing (3), an anchor chain disc (4), a chain stopper (5), and a mooring chain (6), characterized in that, The device includes a motion measurement module (7), a contact load measurement module (8), a mooring chain measurement module (9), a cooperative control module (10), and a suppression drive module; The motion measurement module (7) is located at the contact surface between the support bearing (3) and the anchor chain disc (4); The contact load measurement module (8) is embedded in the inner wall of the chain stopper compartment (41) of the anchor chain disc (4) and in the guide groove (52) of the chain stopper (5); The mooring chain measurement module (9) is attached to the mooring chain (6) in the trough section; The collaborative control module (10) is installed on the turret integrated plate (1) and is communicatively connected to the motion measurement module (7), the contact load measurement module (8) and the mooring chain measurement module (9), respectively. The suppression drive module is installed in the chain stopper base (51) and chain stopper guide groove (52) of the chain stopper (5) and is electrically connected to the cooperative control module (10). The suppression drive module adopts an integrated structure and is arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the channel of the chain stopper (5). It is embedded in the chain stopper base (51) and the chain stopper guide groove (52). The suppression drive module includes a hydraulic drive unit (111), a mechanical locking unit (112), and a wear compensation unit (113). The hydraulic drive unit (111) is fixedly installed on the chain stopper base (51), and its power output end is connected to the locking mechanism of the chain stopper (5) for adjusting the overall preload of the chain stopper (5). The mechanical locking unit (112) is embedded in the chain stopper guide groove (52) and located in the hydraulic drive unit. Below unit (111), the mechanical locking unit (112) adopts a telescopic locking structure, and its locking end (1121) is aligned with the chain link gap of the mooring chain (6) and the limiting groove (53) on the inner wall of the chain stopper (5); the wear compensation unit (113) is arranged below the mechanical locking unit (112), and its wear-resistant bonding layer is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the chain stopper guide groove (52). The wear compensation unit (113) is provided with a drive ball (1131) on the side away from the mooring chain (6). The drive ball (1131) adjusts the wear-resistant bonding layer to compensate for the wear gap by radial displacement relative to the axial direction of the mooring chain.

2. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motion measurement module (7) includes two sets of measuring elements symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower contact surfaces of the support bearing (3). Each set of measuring elements includes an inclination measuring element (71), a displacement measuring element (72), and a vibration measuring element (73). The inclination measuring element (71), the displacement measuring element (72), and the vibration measuring element (73) jointly output the overall motion characteristics of the turret structure. The motion characteristics include the turret body inclination angle, the radial displacement of the anchor chain disc, the axial displacement of the anchor chain disc, and the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude.

3. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact load measurement module (8) includes a pressure measuring element (81), a stepped thickness wear measuring element (82), a relative displacement measuring element (83), a stress measuring element (84), and a wear measurement element (85). The pressure measuring element (81) is uniformly embedded in the hatch of the chain stopper compartment (41) to monitor the compressive stress distribution on the contact surface between the chain stopper (5) and the chain stopper compartment (41). The stepped thickness wear measuring element (82) is embedded in the wear-resistant lining of the guide surface of the chain stopper compartment (41), and its monitoring parameters change in a stepped manner with the increase of wear thickness to achieve quantitative output of wear at the contact point. The relative displacement measuring element (83) is also included. The measuring element (83) is arranged at the guide outlet of the chain stopper compartment (41) to monitor the relative slippage of the chain stopper (5) at the contact point; the stress measuring element (84) and the wear measuring element (85) are embedded in the guide groove (52) of the chain stopper (5) to monitor the contact load and interface wear of the mooring chain (6) acting on the guide groove (52) of the chain stopper (5); the monitoring signals of the pressure measuring element (81), the stepped thickness wear measuring element (82), the relative displacement measuring element (83), the stress measuring element (84) and the wear measuring element (85) are all wirelessly transmitted to the collaborative control module (10).

4. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mooring chain measurement module (9) includes a tension measuring element (91), an attitude measuring element (92), and a surface wear measuring element (93). The tension measuring element (91) is attached to the surface of the mooring chain (6) and is used to collect the axial tension and dynamic impact load of the mooring chain (6). The attitude measuring element (92) is sleeved on the first and last links of the mooring chain (6) in the slot section and is used to monitor the slot entry angle and torsional attitude of the mooring chain (6). The surface wear measuring element (93) is attached to the link connection surface of the mooring chain (6) and is used to monitor the wear and corrosion status of the links. The tension measuring element (91), attitude measuring element (92), and surface wear measuring element (93) all adopt a waterproof and sealed encapsulation structure, and the monitoring signals of each measuring element are transmitted to the collaborative control module (10) wirelessly.

5. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative control module (10) integrates a signal processing unit (101), a judgment unit (102), and an instruction output unit (103) connected in sequence. The signal processing unit (101) amplifies, normalizes, and converts the monitoring signal to analog-to-digital, and calculates the load imbalance coefficient, contact wear rate, chain tension difference ratio, and relative displacement amplitude. The judgment unit (102) has a built-in damage judgment threshold and failure feature database. The failure feature database stores characteristic parameters and judgment thresholds for tension overload, contact off-center load, interface wear, relative displacement, locking loosening, and chain breakage. The judgment unit (102) is used to classify the system damage level into four levels: normal, minor damage, moderate damage, and failure. The instruction output unit (103) is used to output corresponding graded suppression instructions to the suppression drive module according to the damage level, and realize bidirectional data transmission with the waterborne monitoring center through underwater acoustic communication.

6. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the collaborative control module (10) determines that the system is slightly damaged, the hydraulic drive unit (111) adjusts the preload of the chain stopper (5) to balance the interface load of the mooring chain (6), and at the same time, the collaborative control module (10) triggers the local early warning device.

7. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the collaborative control module (10) determines that the system status is moderate damage, the collaborative control module (10) simultaneously starts the hydraulic drive unit (111) and the mechanical locking unit (112): the hydraulic drive unit (111) redistributes the tension of the mooring chain (6), and the mechanical locking unit (112) performs a mechanical locking action to form redundant locking; at the same time, the collaborative control module (10) uploads damage alarm information through a remote alarm device.

8. The single-point mooring chain and anchor chain disc connection damage monitoring and suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the collaborative control module (10) determines that the system status is failed, the collaborative control module (10) synchronously drives the hydraulic drive unit (111), the mechanical locking unit (112) and the wear compensation unit (113) to work together: the hydraulic drive unit (111) performs a full lock-up action, the wear compensation unit (113) compensates for the interface wear gap, and the mechanical locking unit (112) achieves full-channel rigid locking; at the same time, the collaborative control module (10) issues an emergency command.

9. A method for monitoring and suppressing damage at the connection between a single-point mooring chain and an anchor chain disc, characterized in that, The method, using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Synchronously and in real time collect the overall motion characteristics of the turret structure, the load parameters of the contact interface, and the status parameters of the mooring chain through the motion measurement module (7), the contact load measurement module (8), and the mooring chain measurement module (9); Step 2: The collaborative control module (10) receives the monitoring signals from each module, amplifies, normalizes, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the monitoring signals, and calculates the load imbalance coefficient, contact wear rate, chain tension difference ratio, and relative displacement amplitude. Step 3: The collaborative control module (10) compares the processed feature parameters with the built-in failure feature database and determines the system damage level as one of the four levels: normal, minor damage, moderate damage or failure. Step 4: The collaborative control module (10) outputs the corresponding graded suppression command to the suppression drive module according to the damage level; Step 5: The suppression drive module executes one or more damage suppression actions, such as chain stopper preload adjustment, mechanical redundancy locking, and wear compensation, according to the received graded suppression command.

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