path loss offset

Abstract

According to an exemplary aspect of the invention, a user equipment is provided, which is configured to: send an indication to the network serving the user equipment of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets at the user equipment; determine that at least one triggering condition is met; and generate path loss offsets at the user equipment based on the meeting of at least one triggering condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, such as wireless cellular communications. Background Technology

[0002] User equipment communicating with a network needs to control its transmission power to achieve the dual goals of successful communication and avoiding unnecessary interference. In battery-powered devices, conserving battery power is also a goal.

[0003] Transmit power control becomes a slightly more complex process when communicating simultaneously with multiple base stations or Transmit / Receive Points (TRPs). Current deployed solutions involve, for example, listening for transmit power commands from multiple base stations and responding to any command to reduce power from any of the base stations by reducing transmit power, thus avoiding interference. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The subject matter of the independent claims is provided according to several aspects. Several embodiments are defined in the dependent claims. The scope of protection sought by the various embodiments of the invention is defined by the independent claims. Embodiments, examples, and features (if any) described in this specification that do not fall within the scope of the independent claims are to be interpreted as examples useful for understanding the various embodiments of the invention.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus for a user equipment is provided, the apparatus including at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the user equipment to at least: determine that at least one trigger condition is met; and, based on the at least one trigger condition being met, instruct a network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0006] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus for a Transmitting Receiver Point (TRP) is provided, the apparatus including at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the TRP to at least: receive a first indication from a User Equipment (UE), the first indication requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offsets to the UE; terminate the provision of the path loss offsets from the TRP to the UE based on the first indication from the UE; receive a second indication from the UE; and resume the provision of the path loss offsets from the TRP to the UE based on the second indication from the UE.

[0007] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided, comprising: determining, by a user equipment, that at least one triggering condition is met, and, based on the meeting of the at least one triggering condition, instructing the user equipment to the network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a first indication from a user equipment at a transmit-receive point (TRP), the first indication requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment; terminating the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment based on the first indication from the user equipment; receiving a second indication from the user equipment; and resuming the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment based on the second indication from the user equipment.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by at least one processor, cause a user equipment to at least: determine that at least one trigger condition is met, and, based on the meeting of the at least one trigger condition, instruct a network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0010] According to a sixth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by at least one processor, cause a transmit / receive point to at least: receive a first indication from a user equipment, the first indication requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment; terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment based on the first indication from the user equipment; receive a second indication from the user equipment; and resume the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment based on the second indication from the user equipment.

[0011] According to a seventh aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus for a user equipment is provided, the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the user equipment to at least: send to a network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate a path loss offset in the user equipment; determine that at least one trigger condition is met; and generate the path loss offset at the user equipment based on the at least one trigger condition being met.

[0012] According to an eighth aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus for transmitting a receiving point (TRP) is provided, the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the TRP to at least: receive a capability indication from a user equipment (UE), the capability indication indicating that the UE is capable of generating a path loss offset in the UE; and, based on the capability indication, provide the UE with a configuration defining one or more trigger conditions, the one or more trigger conditions being configured to trigger the UE to transmit at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

[0013] According to a ninth aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided, comprising: sending from a user equipment to a network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate a path loss offset at the user equipment; determining that at least one trigger condition is met; and generating the path loss offset at the user equipment based on the at least one trigger condition being met.

[0014] According to a tenth aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided, comprising: receiving a capability indication from a user equipment at a transmit-receive point (TRP), the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating a path loss offset in the user equipment; and, based on the capability indication, providing the user equipment with a configuration defining one or more trigger conditions, the one or more trigger conditions being configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

[0015] According to the eleventh aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by at least one processor, cause a user equipment to at least: send to a network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate a path loss offset in the user equipment; determine that at least one triggering condition is met; and generate the path loss offset at the user equipment based on the at least one triggering condition being met.

[0016] According to a twelfth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, the set of computer-readable instructions causing, when executed by at least one processor, means to at least: receive a capability indication from a user equipment, the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating a path loss offset in the user equipment; and, based on the capability indication, provide the user equipment with a configuration defining one or more trigger conditions, the one or more trigger conditions being configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

[0017] According to a thirteenth aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising components for: determining, by a user equipment, that at least one trigger condition has been met; and, based on the meeting of the at least one trigger condition, instructing the user equipment to the network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0018] According to a fourteenth aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising components for: receiving, at a transmit-receive point (TRP) a user equipment (UE) a first indication requesting the TRP to cease providing path loss offset to the UE; terminating the provision of path loss offset from the TRP to the UE based on the first indication from the UE; receiving, from the UE a second indication; and resuming the provision of path loss offset from the TRP to the UE based on the second indication from the UE.

[0019] According to the fifteenth aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising components for: transmitting from a user equipment to a network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate a path loss offset in the user equipment; determining that at least one triggering condition is satisfied; and generating the path loss offset at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of the at least one triggering condition.

[0020] According to a sixteenth aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided, comprising components for: receiving a capability indication from a user equipment at a transmit-receive point (TRP), the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating a path loss offset in the user equipment; and, based on the capability indication, providing the user equipment with a configuration defining one or more triggering conditions, the one or more triggering conditions being configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 An example system according to at least some embodiments of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2A An example predictor according to at least some embodiments of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 2B Example signaling diagrams according to at least some embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0024] Figure 3 Example apparatuses capable of supporting at least some embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart based on at least some embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a signaling diagram according to at least some embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6-7 This is a flowchart of a method according to at least some embodiments of the present invention, and

[0028] Figure 8-9 This is a flowchart of a method according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] This document discloses a method for enabling the generation of path loss offset parameters in a user equipment (UE), thereby eliminating the need for the network to provide these parameters to the UE. This results in reduced signaling requirements, energy savings, and faster delivery of path loss offsets to the UE. A reinforcement learning (RL) predictor is an example of a machine learning solution that can be used to generate path loss offsets in a UE. The UE can be configured to determine if a triggering condition is met, in response to which the UE can indicate to the network that it no longer needs to send path loss offsets to it from the network. The triggering condition may include, for example, that the machine learning solution (e.g., an RL predictor) in the UE has been sufficiently trained to reliably generate path loss offsets. In response to another triggering condition being met, the UE can indicate to the network that the network should resume sending path loss offsets to the UE. An example of this other trigger is that communication quality has deteriorated, such as during retransmission aspect measurements triggered while using path loss offsets generated in the UE.

[0030] Figure 1 An example system according to at least some embodiments of the present invention is illustrated. The system includes transmit / receive points TRP 130, 135 communicating with a UE such as UE 110. A radio link connects TRP 130 to UE 110. The radio link may be bidirectional, including an uplink UL transmitting information from UE 110 to base station 130 and a downlink DL transmitting information from base station 130 to UE 110. A radio link including only UL connects UE 110 to TRP 135. A cellular communication system may include hundreds or thousands of base stations with TRPs; for clarity of illustration, [the following is omitted]. Figure 1 Only two of them are shown in the image.

[0031] Base stations can be distributed because they comprise centralized units (CUs) and one or more distributed units (DUs). A DU may include one or more transmit points (TRPs). A TRP is a collection of geographically co-located antennas, such as an antenna array with one or more antenna elements, supporting transmit point and / or receive point functions. A transmit point is a collection of geographically co-located transmit antennas used for a cell, a portion of a cell, or a downlink-only transmit point (TP). A receive point is a collection of geographically co-located receive antennas used for a cell, a portion of a cell, or an uplink-only receive point (RP). Thus, a TRP can be configured for both downlink (UL) and downlink (DL), or only for UL or DL. A TRP that handles both UL and DL can be called a symmetric TRP. A base station is an example of a base station node.

[0032] TRPs 130 and 135 can belong to the same base station or different base stations. As an example, TRPs 130 and 135 are TRPs for two separate DUs (Dedicated Units) of the same base station; therefore, these DUs share a CU. For clarity, in... Figure 1 Not shown in the image.

[0033] TRPs 130 and 135 are further communicatively coupled to core network node 140, which may include, for example, an evolved packet core (EPC) (including a mobility management entity (MME), a home subscriber server (HSS), etc.) or a 5G core network (including an access and mobility management function (AMF), a unified data repository for 5G (UDR), a call session management function (SMF), etc.). Core network node 140 may be coupled to other core network nodes and to network 150, which may include, for example, the Internet or a corporate network. The system can communicate with other networks via network 150. The coupling of TRPs 130 and 135 to core network node 150 may, for example, be via a CU or multiple CUs. For clarity, in Figure 1 Examples of other core network nodes, not shown, include gateways and subscriber information repositories. Core network nodes can be virtualized in the sense that they can run as software modules on a computing substrate, allowing more than one virtualized network node to run on the same physical computing substrate. The network can be configured to operate according to a suitable cellular standard, such as LTE, 5G (also known as New Radio), or the 6G standard defined by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project). For interoperability, UEs attached to the network are configured to support the same standards as the network.

[0034] exist Figure 1 In the example, TRP 130 controls beams 130A and 130B, where UE 110 is in Figure 1 The case shown is attached to beam 130A, and in Figure 1In the example, TRP 135 controls beams 135A and 135B, where UE 110 is in Figure 1 The image shows the attachment of beam 135A. The number of beams can exceed [number missing]. Figure 1 The number shown is not specified. A TRP may also have a single beam. Although illustrated as a fan shape, the beams of the same TRP can be omnidirectional and operate on, for example, different frequencies. Mobility events can include handovers from one beam to another, or from one cell to another. To support mobility procedures, UEs (including UE 110) are configured to perform mobility measurements to measure the signal strength of adjacent beams and / or cells, and report the results of these measurements to the network, which can then make decisions regarding mobility events such as beam changes or cell handovers.

[0035] TRPs (such as TRPs 130 and 135) are configured to send various information to the UE. In addition to payloads (such as the content of voice and video calls, application data, and transmitted user files), the base station sends various configuration information to control the operation of the UE within its cell. For example, this configuration information includes permission to use air interface resources for UL and / or DL. Cell-specific synchronization signals provided in the synchronization signal block may include a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal, PSS and SSS, which may be defined as gold sequences. Furthermore, a path loss reference signal RS is provided from the TRP to the UE to enable the UE to participate in transmit power control.

[0036] exist Figure 1 In this system, TRP 130 is a symmetric TRP that communicates with UE 110 in both UL and DL, while TRP 135 is a UL-only TRP not configured for DL ​​communication toward UE 110. UE 110 and TRPs 130 and 135 are in a multi-TRP (mTRP) configuration. For example, TRP 130 could be a macro TRP, while UL TRP 135 could be a micro base station TRP.

[0037] TRPs within the same cell share a common synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block, which can be cell-specific. In mTRP operation, the serving cell can schedule the UE from two TRPs, providing better coverage, reliability, and / or data rate for data and control channels. There are two different operating modes for scheduling mTRP transmissions: single downlink control information (DCI) and multiple DCI. For both modes, control of uplink and downlink operations can be performed by the physical layer and the media access control (MAC) layer within a configuration provided by the radio resource control (RRC) layer. In single DCI mode, only one TRP is responsible for sending control data to the UE. As a result, the UE is scheduled by the same physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) containing DCIs for both TRPs. On the other hand, in multiple DCI mode, two TRPs are responsible for sending control data to the UE. As a result, the UE is scheduled by independent DCIs from each TRP. Asymmetric DL / UL mTRP scenarios (where only a single downlink exists for the UE) will be in single DCI operating mode because other TRPs do not send data to the UE in the downlink.

[0038] For example, a multi-TRP configuration can be used in urban scenarios to improve UE uplink throughput. Macro and micro TRP nodes, or even different macro TRP nodes, can differ in power level, and the UE can receive DL transmissions from a symmetrical TRP but transmit UL to a symmetrical TRP or a UL-only TRP, or both, to maximize UL throughput. To support such a configuration, since the path loss RS is sent from the symmetrical UL / DL TRP and the UE sends UL to the UL-only TRP, the path loss measured from the path loss RS from symmetrical TRP 130 is not descriptive of the path loss between UE 110 and the UL-only TRP 135. Therefore, the UE is configured with a path loss offset to facilitate accurate calculation of the path loss associated with the UL-only TRP. In other words, UE 110 uses the path loss RS to determine its own path loss with TRP 130 and uses the normal transmit power control procedure between UE 110 and TRP 130 to determine the uplink transmit power toward TRP 130. UE 110 then applies the path loss offset to the uplink transmit power toward TRP 130 to obtain the uplink transmit power toward TRP 135. For example, the path loss offset can be negative if UE 110 is closer to TRP 135, or positive if the radio path to TRP 135 has a higher path loss than the radio path to TRP 130.

[0039] Path loss offset can be initially configured by the network using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. Subsequently, the path loss offset can be updated by the network using Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE) signaling. The path loss offset can be updated, for example, when the UE changes its physical location or when the path loss RS used changes. The network can determine the path loss offset by receiving information from the UL-only TRP to determine how the transmit power of UE 110 should be modified in the UL toward that TRP. Because UE 110 is typically capable of beamforming transmission, it can employ different transmit powers toward TRP 130 and TRP 135 by using different transmit powers in different transmit beams.

[0040] Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a branch of machine learning in which an agent learns to make decisions by interacting with its environment. Unlike supervised learning, where the model learns from labeled data, RL focuses on the agent exploring actions and receiving feedback in the form of rewards or penalties. The agent's goal is to maximize cumulative rewards over time, developing the optimal policy through trial and error. Concepts in RL include policy (meaning the decision-making strategy), reward (meaning the feedback signal), and value function (meaning the long-term expected reward). RL enables machine learning-enabled functions to make decisions in dynamic environments by training themselves in real time based on the environment. A typical RL scenario involves an agent taking actions in its environment, which are interpreted as rewards and state representations fed back to the agent.

[0041] In reinforcement learning (RL), the primary actors are the agent and the environment. The environment is the world the agent interacts with. At each step of the interaction, the agent observes (possibly partially) the state of the world and then decides what action to take. The environment changes as the agent acts upon it, but it can also change itself. The agent also perceives reward signals from the environment, which are numerical indicators of how good or bad the current environment is. The agent's goal is to maximize its cumulative reward, called the payoff. Reinforcement learning methods are ways for agents to learn behaviors to achieve their goals.

[0042] In a scenario involving a UE in an mTRP (Multi-Telephone RP) scenario including a UL-only TRP, the UE monitors the path loss reference signal (RS) from the symmetrical TRP and uses this signal to participate in determining the uplink power toward the symmetrical TRP. In addition, the UE receives a MAC-CE from the symmetrical TRP, which indicates the path loss offset value that the UE should use to determine the uplink transmit power toward the UL-only TRP. The path loss offset value is used by the UE to calculate the uplink power toward the UL-only TRP, since this TRP does not transmit any reference signal in the downlink. Specifically, the network can determine whether the UE needs a new path loss offset, and if so, the network can provide the new path loss offset, for example, in the MAC-CE. If a new path loss offset is not needed, the UE will continue to use the current path loss offset. Examples of situations requiring a new path loss offset include changes in the UE's geographic location, changes in the path loss RS, or beam switching to a previously unused UL-only TRP. Providing updated path loss offsets from the network to the UE results in signaling overhead and latency, as the network needs to be notified of changes in the UE's condition and, in response, provide the new path loss offset, for example, in the MAC CE. Therefore, both energy consumption and latency are caused by the provision of path loss offsets from the network.

[0043] A method is disclosed herein that enables the UE to generate its own path loss offset, allowing the network to stop providing it to the UE, thereby achieving energy-saving advantages due to reduced signal transmission and latency. For example, instead of receiving it from a symmetric TRP each time, a path loss offset predictor based on RL can be used to predict the path loss offset at the UE. This predictor can be used to predict the path loss offset based on one or more of the following: current channel conditions, UE location, path loss offset from the TRP, path loss RS, DL and UL TCI states from the symmetric TRP, and path loss offset difference. For example, the predictor can receive the current channel conditions and the UE location.

[0044] Another example of how a UE can generate path loss offsets is by using a table that allows looking up path loss offsets based on, for example, the UE's geographic location and the UL beam pointing towards the TRP (Telematics Representation Point) of the UL only. The input parameters for this lookup table functionality are therefore the UE's location and beam identifier. For example, the UE's geographic location can be quantized into a square grid to facilitate the use of the lookup table.

[0045] Current channel conditions can be obtained, for example, from a channel estimator running in the UE. Current channel conditions refer to the current characteristics of the radio channel. The UE's location means the UE's geographic location, determined, for example, using network-based positioning or satellite positioning. The path loss offset from the TRP is the most recent path loss offset received from the TRP, or a sequence of the most recent path loss offsets received from the TRP. The DL and UL transmission configurations indicate that the TCI state corresponds to the communication beams used in the uplink and downlink, and the path loss difference is the difference between the path loss offset generated in the UE and the most recent previous path loss offset (such as a path loss offset received from the network).

[0046] The predicted path loss offset is then used to calculate the UL transmit power used in the transmission from the UE to the UL-only TRP. Since the path loss offset is predicted in the UE, it is not necessarily accurate, and this can be detected based on the number of UL hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ retransmissions or a path loss offset threshold. For example, if the number of UL HARQ retransmissions exceeds a threshold or the predicted path loss offset is greater than a threshold over a period of time, the UE can responsively request a symmetric TRP to resume providing the path loss offset to the UE. The threshold for the number of HARQ retransmissions and the PL_Offset threshold can be hardcoded or operator-configurable. In some embodiments, the request from the UE for providing the path loss offset for network recovery is fed back to the predictor as a penalty along with channel conditions, UE location, TCI state, and the path loss RS in use. This is used by the predictor to learn and improve its predictions of the path loss offset over time.

[0047] Figure 2A An example predictor according to at least some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Predictor 210 is an agent for predicting path loss offsets 215, which are generated as part of its action. Path loss offset 215 affects the UL transmit power on an uplink data path, which is part of an environment 220. Environment 220 is the source of parameters 225 provided to predictor 210. As described above, these parameters include at least one of channel conditions and the location of the UE. For example, a penalty or reward may be set to the number of HARQ retransmissions triggered, the UE requesting a symmetric TRP to restore the provision of the path loss offset, or continuing to use the path loss offset generated by the UE.

[0048] The use of the predictor can be initiated by a set of triggers in the UE to start and stop path loss offset prediction. This corresponds to stopping and starting the provision of path loss offsets from the network to the UE, respectively. Signaling between the UE and the TRP can be used to indicate the start and stop of path loss offset prediction in the UE. The UE can use a timer to notify the TRP of a point in time from which the UE will no longer need path loss offsets provided by the NW. Alternatively, signaling from the UE can indicate that the UE will no longer need path loss offsets provided by the NW after the UE has received a set number of path loss offset messages, indicating that it has sufficiently trained its path loss generation model. The UE can be configured to indicate its ability to generate path loss offsets to the symmetric TRP. For example, this indication can take the form of a single bit. Requesting the network to stop or start providing path loss offsets can take the form of two alternative values ​​for the same signaling indicator.

[0049] Symmetric TRPs can be configured to allow a UE to respond to one or more triggers, including those for initiating and / or halting the generation of path loss offsets in the UE. For example, exceeding a threshold number of HARQ retransmissions within a set time period can trigger a UE to request the network to resume providing path loss offsets to the UE. One possible trigger for resuming the provision of path loss offsets from the network to the UE is when the beam used to receive data has changed; for example, the UE has switched to a new beam from which it has never previously received data. Alternatively, if the difference between the path loss offset generated by the UE and the path loss offset received from the network is less than a threshold difference, the UE can be triggered to notify the network that the UE will begin using the path loss offset generated in the UE, instead of the path loss offset provided by the symmetric TRP. Similarly, when the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold, the UE can be triggered to request the network to resume providing path loss offsets to the UE.

[0050] Training the RL predictor in the UE can rely on a known training algorithm, using the UE location and channel conditions as input, and using the difference between the predicted path loss offset and the received path loss offset as the function to be optimized. Thus, training can occur simultaneously with the UE being used and receiving path loss offsets from the network. Similarly, when the UE no longer receives path loss offsets from the network, training can continue, and the function to be optimized is the number of generated HARQ retransmissions. As long as the frequency of HARQ retransmissions is less than a threshold, the prediction performs well enough and does not need to be interrupted by instructing the network to request the network to resume providing path loss offsets.

[0051] Figure 2BAn exemplary signaling diagram according to at least some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Symmetrical on the vertical axis, TRP 130 is on the left and UE 110 is on the right. The UE is in an mTRP configuration with an additional UL-only TRP 135, as described above for clarity. Figure 2B TRP 135 is not shown in the diagram. The mTRP configuration defines how the UE and TRP communicate in a multi-TRP manner.

[0052] Initially, in phase 230, as described above, TRP 130 provides a path loss offset to UE 110 in response to determining that UE 110 needs a new path loss offset. In phase 240, UE 110 determines that a triggering condition is met, thus defining that UE 110 can begin generating path loss offsets within UE 110. For example, UE 110 can determine that the path loss offset value generated by its predictor is sufficiently close to the path loss offset 230 received by the UE from the network, and the path loss offset generated by the UE has become reliable. For example, the average difference between the path loss offset generated by the UE and the path loss offset sent by the NW can fall below a pre-configured threshold. In response to the meeting of the triggering condition, in phase 250, the UE indicates to TRP 130 that it no longer needs path loss offsets from the network, and the TRP correspondingly stops providing them to the UE. In phase 260, the UE uses its own generated path loss offset value to communicate with both the symmetric TRP 130 and the UL-only TRP in the mTRP configuration.

[0053] In phase 270, the UE determines that a triggering condition has been met, thus defining the path loss offset value generated by the UE as no longer sufficiently accurate. For example, the number of HARQ retransmissions exceeds a threshold, or consecutively generated path loss offsets may differ from each other by more than a threshold. In response, in phase 280, the UE indicates to TRP 130 that it will end the generation of path loss offsets, and the network resumes providing path loss offsets to UE 110. In response to the indication in phase 280, TRP 130 resumes providing path loss offsets determined by NW in phase 290.

[0054] If a UE transmits at excessive power to a UL-only TRP, the network can be configured to resume providing the UE with a path loss offset, since the UL-only TRP can communicate with the symmetric TRP via a backhaul connection. The UE can also apply a threshold for the path loss offset magnitude to prevent excessive transmission power towards the UL-only TRP.

[0055] Figure 3 Example apparatuses capable of supporting at least some embodiments of the present invention are shown. Device 300 is shown, which may include, for example, a mobile communication device (such as...). Figure 1The mobile device 110 or the TRP in the applicable portion. The processor 310 included in the device 300 may include, for example, a single-core or multi-core processor, wherein the single-core processor includes one processing core and the multi-core processor includes more than one processing core. The processor 310 may generally include a control device. The processor 310 may include more than one processor. When the processor 310 includes more than one processor, the device 300 may be a distributed device in which the processing of tasks occurs in more than one physical unit. The processor 310 may be a control device. The processing core may include, for example, a Cortex-A8 processing core manufactured by ARM Holdings or a Zen processing core designed by Advanced Micro Devices Corporation. The processing core or processor may be or may include at least one qubit. The processor 310 may include at least one Qualcomm Snapdragon and / or Intel Atom processor. The processor 310 may include at least one application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The processor 310 may include at least one field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Processor 310, optionally together with memory and computer instructions, may be a component for performing method steps in device 300, such as determining, instructing, generating, sending, receiving, processing, communicating, terminating, providing, and resuming. Processor 310 may be configured at least in part by computer instructions to perform actions.

[0056] A processor may include, or be configured as, circuits or multiple circuits configured to perform stages of a method according to embodiments described herein. As used herein, the term “circuit” may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) a hardware-only circuit implementation, such as an implementation in analog and / or digital circuits only; and (b) a combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as, if applicable: (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry with software / firmware; and (ii) any portion of a hardware processor (including a digital signal processor), software, and (one or more) memories having software that work together to enable a device (e.g., a UE or TRP) to perform various functions; and (c) (one or more) hardware circuitry and (one or more) processors (e.g., (one or more) microprocessors or portions thereof) that require software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but may be absent when they are not required for operation.

[0057] This definition of "circuit" applies to all uses of the term in this application, including in any claim. As a further example, as used in this application, the term "circuit" also covers implementations of hardware circuitry or processors (or processors) or a portion thereof and their accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, and if applicable to a particular claim element, the term "circuit" also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other computing or network devices.

[0058] Device 300 may include memory 320. Memory 320 may include random access memory and / or permanent memory. Memory 320 may include at least one RAM chip. Memory 320 may be a computer-readable medium. Memory 320 may include, for example, solid-state, magnetic, optical, and / or holographic memory. Memory 320 may be at least partially accessible to processor 310. Memory 320 may be at least partially included in processor 310. Memory 320 may be a component for storing information. Memory 320 may include computer instructions configured to be executed by processor 310. When computer instructions configured to cause processor 310 to perform certain actions are stored in memory 320, and device 300 as a whole is configured to operate under the guidance of processor 310 using computer instructions from memory 320, processor 310 and / or at least one of its processing cores may be considered to be configured to perform said certain actions. Memory 320 may be at least partially external to device 300, but accessible by device 300. Memory 320 may be transient or non-transient. As used herein, the term “non-transitory” refers to the limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not signal), as opposed to the limitation of data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0059] Device 300 may include a transmitter 330. Device 300 may include a receiver 340. Transmitter 330 and receiver 340 may be configured to transmit and receive information according to at least one cellular or non-cellular standard, respectively. Transmitter 330 may include more than one transmitter. Receiver 340 may include more than one receiver. For example, transmitter 330 and / or receiver 340 may be configured to operate according to the globally interoperable WiMAX standards of GSM, WCDMA, 5G, 6G, LTE, IS-95, WLAN, Ethernet, and / or microwave access.

[0060] Device 300 may include a near-field communication (NFC) transceiver 350. The NFC transceiver 350 may support at least one NFC technology, such as NFC, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Wibree, or similar technologies.

[0061] Device 300 may include a user interface (UI) 360. UI 360 may include at least one of the following: a display, a keyboard, a touchscreen, a vibrator arranged to signal to a user by causing device 300 to vibrate, a speaker, or a microphone. The user may be able to operate device 300 via UI 360, for example, to accept incoming telephone calls, initiate telephone or video calls, browse the Internet, manage digital files stored in memory 320 or accessible in the cloud via transmitter 330 and receiver 340 or via NFC transceiver 350, and / or play games.

[0062] Device 300 may include or be configured to accept a user identity module 370. User identity module 370 may include, for example, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card that can be installed in device 300. User identity module 370 may include information identifying the subscription of a user of device 300. User identity module 370 may include encrypted information that can be used to verify the identity of the user of device 300 and / or to help encrypt transmitted information and to bill the user of device 300 for communications conducted via device 300.

[0063] Processor 310 may be equipped with a transmitter arranged to output information from processor 310 to other devices included in device 300 via electrical leads within device 300. Such a transmitter may include a serial bus transmitter arranged to output information to memory 320 for storage, for example, via at least one electrical lead. Alternatively, the transmitter may include a parallel bus transmitter. Similarly, processor 310 may include a receiver arranged to receive information from other devices included in device 300 via electrical leads within device 300. Such a receiver may include a serial bus receiver arranged to receive information from receiver 340, for example, via at least one electrical lead, for processing in processor 310. Alternatively, the receiver may include a parallel bus receiver.

[0064] Device 300 may include devices not in Figure 3Other devices shown in the diagram. For example, in the case where device 300 includes a smartphone, it may include at least one digital camera. Some devices 300 may include a rear camera and a front camera, wherein the rear camera may be intended for digital photography and the front camera for video calling. Device 300 may include a fingerprint sensor arranged to at least partially authenticate the user of device 300. In some embodiments, device 300 lacks at least one of the above-described devices. For example, some devices 300 may lack an NFC transceiver 350 and / or a user identity module 370.

[0065] Processor 310, memory 320, transmitter 330, receiver 340, NFC transceiver 350, UI 360, and / or user identity module 370 can be interconnected in various ways by electrical leads within device 300. For example, each of the aforementioned devices can be individually connected to a main bus within device 300 to allow the devices to exchange information. However, as those skilled in the art will understand, this is merely an example, and various methods can be chosen to interconnect at least two of the aforementioned devices according to embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0066] Figure 4 This is a flowchart according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, the path loss offset is referred to as "PL_Offset". The illustrated process begins at stage 410, where the path loss offset predictor is initially trained using existing values ​​of the current channel conditions, the UE's location, the DL and UL TCI states, the path loss RS, and the corresponding path loss offset value received from the symmetric TRP. In other words, stage 410 includes training the predictor while receiving the path loss offset from the network. For example, training may be based on channel conditions and the UE's location.

[0067] Once the predictor is fully trained, the UE instructs the symmetric TRP to stop sending path loss offset values ​​to the UE, and the UE will begin predicting path loss offsets, phase 420. Subsequently, in phase 430, for all UL transmissions toward the UL-only TRP, the UE uses the predicted path loss offset values ​​to calculate the UL transmission power.

[0068] When the UE transmits to the UL-only TRP on the UL, the UL transmission is expected to proceed successfully, provided the UL power based on the predicted path loss offset is correct. Concurrently with phase 440, phases 450 and 460 are executed, where the UE checks whether the triggering conditions for requesting the network to resume providing the path loss offset are met. For example, as discussed above, if the number of HARQ retransmissions in the UL or the path loss offset value itself exceeds a corresponding threshold, the triggering condition can be met to prompt the UE to instruct the network to resume providing the path loss offset to the UE. If it is determined in phase 460 that no triggering condition is met, the process proceeds to phase 490, where the predictor is run again with the updated input values, as described above. The process then proceeds from phase 490 back to phase 420.

[0069] On the other hand, if one or more triggering conditions are determined to be met in stage 460, the process proceeds to stage 470, where the UE requests a path loss offset value from the network. Subsequently, the predictor running in the UE is updated using channel conditions, the UE's location, and optionally, the path loss offset from the network, a path loss offset difference threshold, and the number of HARQ retransmissions over a time period. The process proceeds to stage 410, where communication is performed based on the path loss offset value received from the network.

[0070] Figure 5 This is a signaling diagram according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. On the vertical axis are TRP 130 and 135, and UE 110, which are used in conjunction with... Figure 1 The same terminology is used. Time progresses from top to bottom. UE 110 is in an mTRP configuration with TRPs 130 and 135, where TRP 135 is UL-only and TRP 130 is symmetrical.

[0071] In phase 510, the UE first indicates its ability to generate path loss offsets within the UE. Then, TRP 130 configures thresholds related to path loss offset generation within the UE, such as one or more triggering conditions for starting and / or stopping the generation of path loss offsets within the UE, into the UE 110. Examples of such conditions include the predicted path loss offset difference from the path loss offset provided by the network, a path loss offset difference threshold, and a HARQ retransmission threshold.

[0072] Subsequently, in phase 515, the UE is configured with an initial path loss offset using RRC signaling. The UE estimates the path loss toward TRP 130 using the path loss RS transmitted by TRP 130, and UE 110 then uses the path loss and one or more optional power control commands as input to determine the transmit power toward TRP 130. In phase 520, UE 110 transmits toward TRP 130 in the uplink using the transmit power determined in phase 515.

[0073] In phase 525, TRP 130 instructs UE 110 which beam of TRP 135 UE 110 should use when transmitting to TRP 135, and, for example, via MAC CE, the path loss offset to use when transmitting to the indicated beam of TRP 135. In phase 530, UE 110 uses the path loss offset received in phase 525 to determine the transmit power for UL transmission to TRP 135 using the beam indicated in phase 525. In phase 535, UE 110 performs the UL transmission using the transmit power determined in phase 530.

[0074] In phase 540, the UE changes its location and / or the beam used for communication with TRP 135. As described above... Figure 4 As described, phase 545 includes updating the RL predictor workflow. Training of the RL predictor can begin using historical data stored in UE110. Phase 550 is an indication of the updated path loss offset from TRP 130, which is delivered, for example, via MAC CE.

[0075] Phase 555 includes training the RL predictor in UE 110 using the path loss offset values ​​received in Phase 550, and also using channel conditions, the beam used towards TRP 135, and the UE's location. Furthermore, in Phase 555, the path loss offset received from TRP 130 in Phase 550 is used to determine the UL transmit power used in transmissions to TRP 135, and Phase 560 is the transmission to this TRP using the UL transmit power determined in Phase 555. In Phase 565, the predicted path loss offset is generated in UE 110 using the RL predictor, and the generated path loss offset is compared with the path loss offset received in UE 110 in Phase 550. Once the received and generated path loss offsets are identical with acceptable accuracy, the RL predictor has been sufficiently trained and can be relied upon for future progress.

[0076] In response to the completion of RL predictor training, at stage 570, UE 110 indicates to TRP 130 that the path loss offset provided to UE 110 is finished, as the UE will begin using path loss offsets generated, for example, locally in UE 110 using an RL predictor or lookup table method. In implementations using an RL predictor, stages 550-565 are the training phase of the RL predictor.

[0077] Following phase 570, TRP 130 can confirm the indication of phase 570. Afterward, UE 110 will use, for example, an RL predictor to generate a path loss offset in UE 110 until a triggering condition is met. This causes UE 110 to indicate to TRP 130 that path loss indications will resume being provided to UE 110. Examples of such triggering conditions include HARQ retransmissions exceeding a threshold frequency, the generated path loss offset exceeding a threshold, and the difference between the generated path loss offset and the immediately preceding path loss offset being greater than a threshold.

[0078] If any of these triggering conditions are met, UE 110 instructs TRP 130 to resume sending path loss offsets to UE 110. TRP 130 can confirm this instruction before resuming sending path loss offsets to UE 110. The RL predictor will continue to use the network-generated path loss offsets for training.

[0079] The method disclosed in this paper reduces the frequency of path loss offset updates from the symmetric TRP to the UE, saving valuable signaling resources. This method enables the UE to predict and autonomously apply path loss offset values ​​to estimate uplink power for an uplink-only TRP, rather than always relying on path loss offset values ​​from the symmetric TRP.

[0080] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a method according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. For example, the method can be performed by a device for a user equipment. This device can be the user equipment itself, or a processor or controller configured to control the user equipment when installed in the user equipment. Stage 610 includes the user equipment determining that at least one trigger condition is met. Stage 620 includes, based on the satisfaction of at least one trigger condition, the user equipment instructing the network serving the user equipment to begin or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0081] Figure 7This is a flowchart of a method according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. For example, the method can be performed by an apparatus for a Transmit-Receive Point (TRP). This apparatus can be the user equipment itself, or a processor or controller configured to control the TRP when installed in the TRP. Stage 710 includes receiving a first indication from the user equipment at the Transmit-Receive Point (TRP) requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment. Stage 720 includes ending the provision of path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment based on the first indication from the user equipment. Stage 730 includes receiving a second indication from the user equipment. Stage 740 includes resuming the provision of path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment based on the second indication from the user equipment.

[0082] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a method according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. For example, the method can be performed by an apparatus for a user equipment. The apparatus can be the user equipment itself, or a processor or controller configured to control the user equipment when installed in the user equipment. Phase 810 includes sending an indication from the user equipment to the network serving the user equipment of the user equipment's ability to generate a path loss offset within the user equipment. Phase 820 includes determining that at least one trigger condition is met. Phase 830 includes generating a path loss offset at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one trigger condition.

[0083] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a method according to at least some embodiments of the present invention. For example, the method can be performed by an apparatus for a Transmit-Receive Point (TRP). This apparatus can be the user equipment itself, or a processor or controller configured to control the TRP when installed in the TRP. Phase 910 includes receiving a capability indication from the user equipment at the transmit-receive point (TRP) indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets within the user equipment. Finally, phase 920 includes providing the user equipment with a configuration based on the capability indication that defines one or more trigger conditions configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

[0084] It should be understood that, as those skilled in the art will recognize, the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the specific structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but are extended to their equivalents. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0085] Throughout this specification, any reference to an embodiment or embodiment means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Precise numerical values ​​are also disclosed when using terms such as, for example, approximately or substantially.

[0086] As used herein, for convenience, multiple items, structural elements, components, and / or materials may be presented in a common list. However, these lists should be understood as each member of the list being individually identified as a separate and specific member. Therefore, without indication to the contrary, the mere presence in the same group of members should not be construed as having factual equivalence with any other member in the list. Furthermore, various embodiments and examples of the invention, as well as alternatives to its various components, may be referenced herein. It should be understood that these embodiments, examples, and alternatives are not to be construed as being factually equivalent to each other, but rather as independent and autonomous expressions of the invention.

[0087] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details, such as examples of length, width, shape, etc., have been provided in the foregoing description to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these specific details or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

[0088] While the foregoing examples illustrate the principles of the invention in one or more specific applications, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications can be made in terms of form, use, and implementation details without requiring inventive skill and without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited except by the claims set forth below.

[0089] The verbs “to comprise” and “to include” are used in this document as open-ended restrictions, neither excluding nor requiring the presence of unstated features. Unless otherwise expressly stated, features stated in the dependent claims may be freely combined with each other. Furthermore, it should be understood that the use of “an” or “a” (i.e., the singular form) throughout this document does not exclude a plurality.

[0090] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of the following: ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”, means at least any one of these elements, or at least any two or more of these elements, or at least all of these elements.

[0091] Industrial applicability

[0092] At least some embodiments of the present invention have found industrial applications in wireless communication.

[0093] Technical Terms

[0094] Clause 1. An apparatus for a user equipment, the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by said at least one processing core, causing the user equipment to at least:

[0095] - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met, and

[0096] - Based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions, instruct the network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0097] Clause 2: The apparatus according to Clause 1 is further configured to: generate the path loss offset at the user equipment in response to an indication from the network serving the user equipment to stop providing the path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0098] Clause 3. The apparatus according to Clause 1 or 2, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset received from the network is less than a threshold difference; a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition; and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0099] Clause 4. The device according to any one of Clauses 2-3 is configured to send to the network an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate the path loss offset in the user equipment.

[0100] Clause 5. The device according to any one of Clauses 1-4 is configured to receive and process a configuration defining one or more of the at least one trigger condition.

[0101] Clause 6. The device according to any one of Clauses 1-5 is further configured to: communicate with a first TRP in both the uplink and downlink directions in a multi-transmitter-receiver-point (TRP) manner, and communicate with a second TRP only in the uplink direction; determine an uplink transmit power based at least on a path loss reference signal received from the first TRP and a generated path loss offset; and transmit in the uplink direction toward the second TRP using the determined uplink transmit power.

[0102] Clause 7. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 1-6 is configured to generate the path loss offset based on at least one of the following: current radio channel conditions determined by the user equipment, the current location of the user equipment, a previous path loss offset received from the network, a path loss reference signal received from the network, the active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state used by the user equipment, and the maximum path loss offset.

[0103] Clause 8. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 1-7, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes a condition based on a predicted value generated in the user equipment.

[0104] Clause 9: An apparatus for transmitting a receiving point (TRP), the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the TRP to at least...

[0105] - Receive a first indication from the user equipment, the first indication requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment;

[0106] - Based on the first indication from the user equipment, terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment;

[0107] - Receive a second instruction from the user equipment, and

[0108] - Based on the second instruction from the user equipment, resume providing the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment.

[0109] Clause 10. The apparatus according to Clause 9 is configured to: provide the user equipment with a configuration defining one or more trigger conditions, the one or more trigger conditions being configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of the first indication or the second indication to the TRP.

[0110] Clause 11. The apparatus according to Clause 10, wherein the one or more triggering conditions include at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided from the TRP is less than a threshold difference, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, the beam used to receive data has been changed, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0111] Clause 12. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 9-11 is further configured to: receive from the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to perform the generation of path loss offset in the user equipment.

[0112] Clause 13. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 9-12, wherein the first indication is a first value provided in a signaling indicator, and the second indication is a second value provided in the signaling indicator.

[0113] Clause 14. A method comprising:

[0114] - The user equipment determines that at least one trigger condition is met, and

[0115] - Based on the fulfillment of at least one of the triggering conditions, the user equipment instructs the network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0116] Clause 15. The method according to Clause 14 further comprises: generating the path loss offset at the user equipment in response to an indication from the network serving the user equipment to stop providing the path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0117] Clause 16. The method according to Clause 15 or 16, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset received from the network is less than a threshold difference; a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition; and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0118] Clause 17. The method according to any one of Clauses 14-15, comprising: sending to the network an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate the path loss offset in the user equipment.

[0119] Clause 18. The method according to any one of Clauses 14-17 includes: receiving and processing a configuration defining one or more of the at least one triggering condition.

[0120] Clause 19. The method according to any one of Clauses 14-18 further comprises: communicating with a first TRP in both the uplink and downlink directions in a multi-transmitter-receiver-point (TRP) manner, and communicating with a second TRP only in the uplink direction; determining an uplink transmit power based at least on a path loss reference signal received from the first TRP and a generated path loss offset; and transmitting in the uplink direction toward the second TRP using the determined uplink transmit power.

[0121] Clause 20. The method according to any one of Clauses 14-19 comprises: generating the path loss offset based on at least one of: current radio channel conditions determined by the user equipment, the current location of the user equipment, a previous path loss offset received from the network, a path loss reference signal received from the network, an active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state used by the user equipment, and a maximum path loss offset.

[0122] Clause 21. The method according to any one of Clauses 14-20, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes a condition based on a predicted value generated in the user equipment.

[0123] Clause 22: A method comprising:

[0124] - Receive a first indication from the user equipment at the Transmitter-Receiver Point (TRP), the first indication requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment;

[0125] - Based on the first indication from the user equipment, terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment;

[0126] - Receive a second instruction from the user equipment, and

[0127] - Based on the second instruction from the user equipment, resume providing the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment.

[0128] Clause 23: The method according to Clause 22 includes: providing the user equipment with a configuration defining one or more trigger conditions, the one or more trigger conditions being configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of the first indication or the second indication to the TRP.

[0129] Clause 24: The method according to Clause 23, wherein the one or more triggering conditions include at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided from the TRP is less than a threshold difference, a mixed automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0130] Clause 25. The method according to any one of Clauses 22-24 further comprises: receiving from the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to perform the generation of path loss offset in the user equipment.

[0131] Clause 26. The method according to any one of Clauses 22-25, wherein the first indication is a first value provided in a signaling indicator, and the second indication is a second value provided in the signaling indicator.

[0132] Clause 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, said set of computer-readable instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causing a user equipment to at least:

[0133] - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met, and

[0134] - Based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions, instruct the network serving the user equipment to start or stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment.

[0135] Clause 28: A non-transitory computer-readable medium having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, said set of computer-readable instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causing the transmitting and receiving points to at least:

[0136] - Receive a first indication from the user equipment, the first indication requesting the TRP to stop providing path loss offset to the user equipment;

[0137] - Based on the first indication from the user equipment, terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment;

[0138] - Receive a second instruction from the user equipment, and

[0139] - Based on the second instruction from the user equipment, resume providing the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment.

[0140] Clause 29. An apparatus for a user equipment, the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the user equipment to at least:

[0141] - Send to the network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets within the user equipment;

[0142] - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met, and

[0143] - The path loss offset is generated at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions.

[0144] Clause 30. The apparatus according to Clause 29, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided from the TRP is less than a threshold difference, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, the beam used to receive data has been changed, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0145] Clause 31. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 29-30 is configured to receive and process a configuration defining one or more of the at least one trigger condition.

[0146] Clause 32. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 29-31 is further configured to: communicate with a first TRP in both the uplink and downlink directions in a multi-transmitter-receiver-point (TRP) manner, and communicate with a second TRP only in the uplink direction; determine an uplink transmit power based at least on a path loss reference signal received from the first TRP and a generated path loss offset; and transmit in the uplink direction toward the second TRP using the determined uplink transmit power.

[0147] Clause 33. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 29-32 is configured to generate the path loss offset based on at least one of the following: current radio channel conditions determined by the user equipment, the current location of the user equipment, a previous path loss offset received from the network, a path loss reference signal received from the network, the active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state used by the user equipment, and the maximum path loss offset.

[0148] Clause 34. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 29-33, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes a condition based on a predicted value generated in the user equipment.

[0149] Clause 35. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 29-34, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform the generation of the path loss offset using a reinforcement learning RL predictor running in the user equipment.

[0150] Clause 36: The apparatus according to Clause 35 is further configured to: train the RL predictor using historical parameters and path loss offsets received from the network before using the RL predictor to perform the generation of the path loss offset.

[0151] Clause 37: An apparatus for transmitting a receiving point (TRP), the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the TRP to at least:

[0152] - Receive a capability indication from the user equipment, the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets within the user equipment, and

[0153] - Based on the capability indication, the user equipment is provided with one or more trigger condition configurations, which are configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

[0154] Clause 38. The apparatus described in Clause 37 is configured to:

[0155] - Receive the first instruction from the user equipment.

[0156] - Based on the first indication from the user equipment, terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment;

[0157] - Receive the second instruction from the user equipment, and

[0158] - Based on the second instruction from the user equipment, resume providing the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment.

[0159] Clause 39. The apparatus according to Clause 37 or 38, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided from the TRP is less than a threshold difference, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, the beam used to receive data has been changed, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0160] Clause 40. The apparatus according to any one of Clauses 37-39, wherein the first indication is a first value provided in a signaling indicator, and the second indication is a second value provided in the signaling indicator.

[0161] Clause 41. A method comprising:

[0162] - Send from the user equipment to the network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets in the user equipment;

[0163] - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met, and

[0164] - The path loss offset is generated at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions.

[0165] Clause 42: The method according to Clause 41, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided from the TRP is less than a threshold difference, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, the beam used to receive data has been changed, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0166] Clause 43. The method according to any one of Clauses 41-42 includes: receiving and processing a configuration defining one or more of the at least one triggering condition.

[0167] Clause 44. The method according to any one of Clauses 41-43 further comprises: communicating with a first TRP in both the uplink and downlink directions in a multi-transmitter-receiver-point (TRP) manner, and communicating with a second TRP only in the uplink direction; determining an uplink transmit power based at least on a path loss reference signal received from the first TRP and a generated path loss offset; and transmitting in the uplink direction toward the second TRP using the determined uplink transmit power.

[0168] Clause 45. The method according to any one of Clauses 41-44 includes: generating the path loss offset based on at least one of the following: current radio channel conditions determined by the user equipment, the current location of the user equipment, a previous path loss offset received from the network, a path loss reference signal received from the network, an active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state used by the user equipment, and a maximum path loss offset.

[0169] Clause 46. The method according to any one of Clauses 41-45, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes a condition based on a predicted value generated in the user equipment.

[0170] Clause 47. The method according to any one of Clauses 41-18, wherein the user equipment uses a reinforcement learning RL predictor running in the user equipment to perform the generation of the path loss offset.

[0171] Clause 48: The method according to Clause 47 further comprises: training the RL predictor using historical parameters and path loss offsets received from the network before using the RL predictor to perform the generation of the path loss offset.

[0172] Clause 49: A method comprising:

[0173] - Receive a capability indication from the user equipment in the Transmitter-Receiver Point (TRP), the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets within the user equipment, and

[0174] - Based on the capability indication, the user equipment is provided with one or more trigger condition configurations, which are configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

[0175] Clause 50. The method described pursuant to Clause 49 includes:

[0176] - Receive the first instruction from the user equipment.

[0177] - Based on the first indication from the user equipment, terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment;

[0178] - Receive the second instruction from the user equipment, and

[0179] - Based on the second instruction from the user equipment, resume providing the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment.

[0180] Clause 51. The method according to Clause 49 or 22, wherein the at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided from the TRP is less than a threshold difference, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, the beam used to receive data has been changed, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0181] Clause 52. The method according to any one of Clauses 49-51, wherein the first indication is a first value provided in a signaling indicator, and the second indication is a second value provided in the signaling indicator.

[0182] Clause 53: A non-transitory computer-readable medium having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, said set of computer-readable instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causing a user equipment to at least:

[0183] - Send to the network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets within the user equipment;

[0184] - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met, and

[0185] - The path loss offset is generated at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions.

[0186] Clause 54: A non-transitory computer-readable medium having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, said set of computer-readable instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causing the means to at least:

[0187] - Receive a capability indication from the user equipment, the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets within the user equipment, and

[0188] Based on the capability indication, the user equipment is provided with one or more trigger condition configurations, which are configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

Claims

1. An apparatus for a user equipment, the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the user equipment to at least: - Send to the network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets within the user equipment; - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met; as well as - The path loss offset is generated at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset received from the network is less than a threshold difference; a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition; the beam used to receive data has been changed; and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

3. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, configured to: receive and process a configuration defining one or more of the at least one trigger condition.

4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further configured to: communicate with a first TRP in the uplink and downlink directions in a multiple transmit / receive point (TRP) manner, and communicate with a second TRP only in the uplink direction; The uplink transmit power is determined at least based on the path loss reference signal received from the first TRP and the generated path loss offset; And transmit in the uplink direction toward the second TRP using the determined uplink transmit power.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, configured to generate the path loss offset based on at least one of: current radio channel conditions determined by the user equipment, the current location of the user equipment, a previous path loss offset received from the network, a path loss reference signal received from the network, the active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state used by the user equipment, and the maximum path loss offset.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The at least one triggering condition includes a condition based on a predicted value generated in the user equipment.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The user equipment is configured to use a reinforcement learning RL predictor running in the user equipment to generate the path loss offset.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 is further configured to: train the RL predictor using historical parameters and path loss offsets received from the network before using the RL predictor to generate the path loss offset.

9. An apparatus for transmitting a receiving point (TRP), the apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing core, causing the TRP to at least: - Receive a capability indication from the user equipment, the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets within the user equipment; and - Based on the capability indication, the user equipment is provided with a configuration that defines one or more trigger conditions, which are configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, configured as follows: - Receive the first instruction from the user equipment; - Based on the first indication from the user equipment, terminate the provision of the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment; - Receive the second instruction from the user equipment; as well as - Based on the second instruction from the user equipment, resume providing the path loss offset from the TRP to the user equipment.

11. The apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, The one or more triggering conditions include at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset provided by the TRP is less than a threshold difference, the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition, the beam used to receive data has been changed, and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein, The first indication is a first value provided in the signaling indicator, and the second indication is a second value provided in the signaling indicator.

13. A method comprising: - Send from the user equipment to the network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets in the user equipment; - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met; as well as - The path loss offset is generated at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The at least one triggering condition includes at least one of the following: the difference between the path loss offset generated by the user equipment and the path loss offset received from the network is less than a threshold difference; a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission condition; the beam used to receive data has been changed; and the difference between consecutively generated path loss offsets is equal to or greater than a threshold.

15. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 14, comprising: Receive and process configurations that define one or more of the at least one triggering condition.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising: In the manner of multiple transmit / receive points (TRPs), it communicates with the first TRP in both the uplink and downlink directions, and only communicates with the second TRP in the uplink direction; The uplink transmit power is determined at least based on the path loss reference signal received from the first TRP and the generated path loss offset; And transmit in the uplink direction toward the second TRP using the determined uplink transmit power.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, comprising: The generation of the path loss offset is performed based on at least one of the following: the current radio channel conditions determined by the user equipment, the current location of the user equipment, the previous path loss offset received from the network, the path loss reference signal received from the network, the active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state used by the user equipment, and the maximum path loss offset.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein, The at least one triggering condition includes a condition based on a predicted value generated in the user equipment.

19. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein, The user equipment uses a reinforcement learning RL predictor running in the user equipment to generate the path loss offset.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: Before using the RL predictor to generate the path loss offset, the RL predictor is trained using historical parameters and path loss offsets received from the network.

21. A method comprising: - Receive a capability indication from the user equipment in the Transmitter-Receiver Point (TRP), the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets in the user equipment; as well as - Based on the capability indication, the user equipment is provided with a configuration that defines one or more trigger conditions, which are configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

22. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, said set of computer-readable instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causing a user equipment to at least: - Transmit to the network serving the user equipment an indication of the user equipment's ability to generate path loss offsets within the user equipment; - Determine that at least one triggering condition is met; as well as - The path loss offset is generated at the user equipment based on the satisfaction of at least one of the triggering conditions.

23. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having a set of computer-readable instructions stored thereon, said set of computer-readable instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causing the means to at least: - Receive a capability indication from the user equipment, the capability indication indicating that the user equipment is capable of generating path loss offsets within the user equipment; and Based on the capability indication, the user equipment is provided with a configuration that defines one or more trigger conditions, which are configured to trigger the user equipment to send at least one of a first indication or a second indication to the TRP.

Images