Jinlangyuan special compound fertilizer for high-cold saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The application discloses a special compound fertilizer for high-cold saline-alkali soil and belongs to the technical field of ecological improvement fertilizer for saline-alkali soil. The high-cold characteristics are obvious in the Heilongjiang, the northern part of Inner Mongolia, the Hetao and the Tumochuan plain regions in the central and western parts of China; the soil is high in degree of salinization and serious in compaction, and lacks organic matter; the conventional fertilizer is difficult to be activated in the low-temperature environment, and the absorption and utilization rate is extremely low, which seriously restricts agricultural production. The application is prepared by deep processing of potassium chloride, urea, coal gangue, coal slime, rotten sheep manure and rotten cow manure as basic raw materials and relying on the chelation complex chemical reaction mechanism and the organic matter endogenous chelation activation system. Through multi-stage material modification and chelation complex synthesis reaction, the free saline-alkali ions in the soil are passivated, the soil acid-base balance is adjusted, and the compacted soil layer is loosened. The product can balance the supply of nitrogen and potassium nutrients, improve the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil, strengthen the cold and saline-alkali resistance and stress resistance of crops, and is precise in adaptation to the high-cold saline-alkali regions in the north of China, and the process is scientific and advanced, green, safe and residue-free.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological fertilizer preparation and saline-alkali soil improvement technology, specifically involving a special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for high-altitude saline-alkali soil prepared based on the chelation and complexation reaction mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] my country's northern high-altitude and cold regions possess vast agricultural land resources, with the entire Heilongjiang province, the northern high-altitude and cold areas of Inner Mongolia, the Hetao Plain in central and western China, and the Tumochuan Plain forming the core areas of concentrated saline-alkali land distribution. These regions experience harsh climates with long winters, short frost-free periods, and low average annual temperatures. The soil remains in a chronically inert state due to low temperatures, resulting in a widespread superposition of secondary and primary salinization. Soil salinity is excessive, pH ratios are unbalanced, the soil layer is dense and rigid, permeability is poor, and the granular structure is severely damaged, with extremely low organic matter content. Traditional general-purpose compound fertilizers have a simple formula, merely supplementing basic nutrients and lacking salt-alkali neutralization and ion passivation functions. In the high-altitude and low-temperature environment, the nutrients within the fertilizer are difficult to dissociate and activate, leading to extremely low absorption and conversion rates by crop roots. Long-term application of conventional fertilizers will continuously exacerbate soil salt accumulation, causing further soil compaction, low crop emergence rates, hindered root development, weak stress resistance, and a significant reduction in yield. Currently, existing fertilizers on the market lack customized formulas for the climate and soil conditions of this region. At the same time, they generally do not adopt high-end chelation and complexation synthesis technology, resulting in poor improvement effects and short fertilizer effect cycles. The industry urgently needs a special compound fertilizer with advanced technology, outstanding improvement effects, and suitability for high-altitude, cold, and saline-alkali environments. Attached Figure Description

[0003] In October 2025, the patent inventor conducted on-site investigations and took photos of the degradation of saline-alkali flooring in Tuoketuo County and other places in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

[0004] Figure 1 These are actual photos of saline-alkali land in Tuoketuo County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Figure 2 These are actual photos of saline-alkali land in Tuoketuo County, Hohhot. Figure 3 These are actual photos of saline-alkali land in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Figure 4 These are actual photos of saline-alkali land in Heilongjiang Province. Figure 5 These are actual photos of saline-alkali land in Jilin Province. Figure 6 These are actual photos of the Hulunbuir saline-alkali land. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a special compound fertilizer for high-altitude and saline-alkali soils. It is made from inorganic nutrient raw materials, mineral amendment raw materials, and well-rotted organic manure as core base materials, and is prepared based on a mature chelation and complexation chemical reaction mechanism. It has the dual functions of soil improvement and efficient fertilization.

[0006] The raw material components of this invention are: Potassium chloride, urea, coal gangue, coal slime, well-rotted sheep manure, and well-rotted cow manure. Functional characteristics of each raw material: Urea: A high-purity nitrogen source that releases ammonium nitrogen after dissociation, providing essential nutrients for crop growth and promoting vigorous stem and leaf growth.

[0007] Potassium chloride: a fast-acting potassium carrier that can strengthen the cell wall toughness of crops and significantly improve the overall performance of plants in terms of cold resistance, salt and alkali resistance, lodging resistance, and disease resistance.

[0008] Coal gangue and coal slime: natural porous mineral materials with well-developed internal pore structure, possessing extremely strong physical adsorption capacity, which can intercept harmful salt and alkali ions such as sodium ions, chloride ions, and carbonate ions in the soil.

[0009] Well-rotted sheep manure and well-rotted cow manure: After being fully fermented at a constant temperature, the large molecular organic matter inside the material is decomposed and transformed, naturally generating organic chelating activators and humic acid-based endogenous chelating agents, which are the core components of the overall chelation reaction system.

[0010] The core technology principle of this invention is as follows: The entire production system is based on coordination chemical reactions, ion chelation, and molecular complexation as its core mechanisms. The decomposed organic matter naturally possesses humic acid chelating groups, which can form stable chelated ring structures with inorganic salt ions and soil salinity ions. Free salinity ions are fixed and passivated through chemical bonding, preventing secondary migration and accumulation of salts. Simultaneously, nitrogen and potassium nutrients are complexed and modified to reduce nutrient loss rates, achieving low-temperature, long-term, slow-release production, fully adaptable to the soil environmental characteristics of high-altitude and cold regions.

[0011] 1. Raw material pretreatment and grading crushing: Potassium chloride and urea are mechanically crushed and sieved through an 80-mesh standard sieve to obtain uniform and fine powdered inorganic nutrients; coal gangue and coal slime are fed into crushing equipment for multi-stage grinding and crushing, and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to screen out ultrafine mineral modified powder, remove impurities and large hard particles, ensure uniform material fineness, and improve the contact area for subsequent reactions.

[0012] 2. Organic manure composting and activation treatment High-quality sheep and cow manure are selected as raw materials and subjected to closed-loop high-temperature composting and fermentation. The fermentation temperature is strictly controlled between 55℃ and 65℃, and the continuous composting and fermentation time is more than 45 days. During the fermentation process, the raw materials are continuously turned and aerated to promote full decomposition of the raw materials, degrade macromolecular coarse fiber substances, and generate a large amount of humic acid, fulvic acid, and organic acid natural endogenous chelating agents, enriching highly active chelating activating factors. After the composting is completed, the raw materials are sterilized, dehydrated and dried, and then crushed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare a highly active composted organic chelated substrate.

[0013] 3. Quantitative mixing and stirring According to a fixed scientific weight ratio, the sieved inorganic powder, mineral powder, and decomposed organic chelated substrate are sequentially added into the sealed horizontal mixing equipment and pre-mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes to achieve preliminary uniform mixing of various materials.

[0014] 4. Constant temperature and closed-loop chelation and complexation core reaction (core process) The premixed material is fed into a special chelation reactor, sealed to isolate external impurities, and the constant temperature reaction temperature is set at 42℃-48℃. The mixture is stirred at a constant speed throughout the process. Relying on the humic acid chelating functional groups inherent in decomposed organic matter, multiple chemical changes occur simultaneously within the material system: ① Ion chelation reaction: Humic acid chelating groups form stable chelate coordination bonds with potassium ions and ammonium ions; ② Molecular complexation reaction: Various material molecules cross-link and combine to form macromolecular complexes; ③ Pre-passivation reaction of salt and alkali ions: generate complex intermediates that can solidify salt and alkali ions in advance to enhance soil improvement performance; the overall chelation and complexation reaction time is strictly controlled to 90 minutes until the material reaction is complete and the system properties are stable.

[0015] 5. Conditioning and granulation molding After the chelation and complexation reaction is completed, an appropriate amount of environmentally friendly binder and conditioner is added to the material. The material is then stirred at low speed again to adjust its moisture and viscosity. The mixture is then fed into a disc granulator for rolling and molding, and the raw materials with uniform particle size are screened.

[0016] 6. Low-temperature temperature-controlled drying treatment The formed granules are fed into a low-temperature drying production line. The drying temperature is controlled within the range of 40℃-50℃. A low-temperature air drying process is adopted to avoid high temperature damage to the chelated chemical bond structure and prevent the failure of the chelated complex system. The material is dried until the moisture content meets the standard.

[0017] 7. Grading, screening, dust removal, and finished product processing After drying, the finished product is graded and screened into standard particle size using a multi-layer vibrating screening device to remove dust, fragments, and irregularly shaped particles. After dust removal, purification, and quality testing, it is sealed and packaged after passing inspection, which is the finished product of high-altitude saline-alkali special compound fertilizer. Beneficial effects

[0018] 1. It has strong targeting adaptability and is precisely matched to the alpine saline-alkali lands of Heilongjiang, northern Inner Mongolia, Hetao, and Tumochuan Plain, which are in line with the regional climate and soil physicochemical properties.

[0019] 2. The process is technologically advanced, with a complete and standardized process. It relies on mature chemical mechanisms of chelation coordination and ion complexation, and uses natural endogenous chelating agents from decomposed manure to construct the reaction system.

[0020] 3. It has outstanding effects in improving saline-alkali soil. Through the dual action of chemical chelation passivation and mineral physical adsorption, it effectively neutralizes acidity and alkalinity, solidifies harmful ions from saline-alkali soil, and completely solves the problem of soil compaction.

[0021] 4. Excellent nutrient performance: The nutrient elements modified by complexation are highly stable, not easily deactivated in low-temperature environments, have a long slow-release period, and greatly improve nutrient utilization.

[0022] 5. The organic matter content is sufficient, and the decomposed raw materials contain highly active chelating activating factors, which can continuously activate the soil microbial community and gradually restore the soil ecological structure.

[0023] 6. The product is green and environmentally friendly, with no chemical hormones or heavy metal residues. Long-term application will not cause soil pollution. The raw materials are readily available and the production cost is low, making it suitable for large-scale production and widespread promotion. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Following the complete preparation process described above, strictly control all process parameters such as fineness of crushing, composting time, chelation reaction temperature, and reaction time to complete the chelation and complexation modification process and obtain the finished granular compound fertilizer. Apply it evenly according to the local soil salinity and crop type, following conventional fertilization standards.

Claims

1. Claim 1, a compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali environments, characterized in that, It is prepared from the following raw material components: potassium chloride, urea, coal gangue, coal slime, decomposed sheep manure, and decomposed cow manure.

2. The compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali soils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound fertilizer preparation process adopts a multi-stage chelation and complexation synthesis process, which utilizes the principle of chemical complexation and bonding to complete the material modification and shaping.

3. The compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali soils according to claim 1, characterized in that, After being fully decomposed and fermented at high temperatures, decomposed sheep manure and decomposed cow manure generate natural organic chelating activating factors that participate in the overall chelation and complexation reaction system.

4. The compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali soils according to claim 1, characterized in that, Potassium chloride and urea, as inorganic nutrient substrates, provide crops with macronutrients such as nitrogen and potassium, enhancing the plants' resistance to cold and salinity.

5. The compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali soils according to claim 1, characterized in that, Coal gangue and coal slime are porous mineral improvement substrates that solidify harmful ions in soil salinity through a combination of physical adsorption and chemical complexation.

6. The compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali soils according to claim 2, characterized in that, In a closed, constant-temperature reaction environment, each raw material undergoes multiple chemical reactions, including coordination bonding, ion chelation, and molecular complexation, to achieve passivation of salt and alkali ions and slow-release encapsulation of nutrients.

7. The compound fertilizer specifically for high-altitude saline-alkali soils according to claim 1, characterized in that, This fertilizer is suitable for improving severely saline-alkali soils in cold regions such as Heilongjiang, northern Inner Mongolia, the Hetao Plain, and the Tumochuan Plain.

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