A method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters in horizontal hole sectional grouting process

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes. First, before grouting, the horizontal hole is divided into multiple independent grouting segments along its axial direction based on its length, surrounding rock conditions, and construction requirements. Then, initial grouting parameters for each segment are set, and trial grouting is performed. Next, the grouting process parameters are monitored and dynamically evaluated in real time to determine if the grouting process is stable. Then, based on identified abnormal changes, the grouting parameters are dynamically adjusted, and corresponding construction adjustment measures are implemented. Finally, the grouting effect of the segment is comprehensively analyzed, and the grouting parameters for subsequent segments are corrected and optimized based on the feedback analysis results. This application features seamless and coordinated closed-loop processes, abandoning the traditional experience-based extensive construction mode, significantly improving grouting controllability, construction safety, and the uniformity of overall formation reinforcement and water plugging, thereby greatly improving grouting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering grouting reinforcement and water hazard prevention technology. Specifically, it is a method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during horizontal hole segmented grouting. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of tunnels, mine roadways, and deep underground engineering projects, complex geological conditions are commonly encountered, such as fractured surrounding rock, well-developed fissures, water-rich strata, and abundant confined water. These conditions easily lead to disasters such as water inrush, mudslides, surrounding rock instability, roadway deformation, and floor heave, seriously affecting construction safety and project quality. Grouting technology, as a core means of surrounding rock reinforcement, fissure sealing, seepage prevention, and comprehensive water hazard management, has been widely applied in underground engineering.

[0003] According to the drilling layout, the boreholes include horizontal grouting holes and vertical grouting holes. Compared with vertical grouting holes, horizontal hole segmented grouting can achieve directional, long-distance, and full-coverage grouting along the excavation contour, weak interlayers, and water-bearing fracture zones. It has a small grouting blind zone, strong targeting, and good construction adaptability, and can effectively improve the integrity of the surrounding rock and the impermeability of the formation. It is suitable for scenarios such as pre-grouting, circumferential sealing, and base plate reinforcement. However, due to the influence of the layout, the grout flow resistance of horizontal holes is relatively large, and they are easily affected by groundwater backlash. The permeability, fracture development degree, and water inflow conditions of the surrounding rock in each grouting section vary significantly, and the requirements for the precision control of grouting parameters are much higher than those for vertical grouting.

[0004] However, existing horizontal hole segmented grouting construction methods typically employ preset grouting parameters or manual experience-based adjustments, passively adjusting them during the grouting process based on pressure changes or grout return. However, this type of method has the following shortcomings:

[0005] 1. Grouting parameter adjustment relies on manual experience, lacks a systematic control process, and has a large human error.

[0006] 2. It is difficult to implement differentiated grouting control based on the surrounding rock conditions of different grouting sections, and it is difficult to adapt to the geological differences of different sections;

[0007] 3. Delayed adjustment of grouting parameters can easily lead to problems such as grout leakage, floor heave, or insufficient grouting in the roadway;

[0008] 4. The grouting effect is unstable and cannot adapt to dynamic changes under complex geological conditions.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method suitable for segmented grouting construction of horizontal holes, which can dynamically adjust the grouting parameters based on construction feedback information, in order to improve the safety and reinforcement effect of grouting construction. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during the segmented grouting process of horizontal holes. By analyzing the feedback information of grouting construction in real time, the dynamic adjustment of grouting parameters can be realized, thereby improving the adaptability, stability and reinforcement effect of segmented grouting construction of horizontal holes.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0012] A method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes includes the following steps:

[0013] Step P1: After completing the construction of horizontal holes in the stratum or surrounding rock to be reinforced, before grouting, divide the horizontal holes into multiple independent grouting sections along the axial direction according to the length of the horizontal holes, the surrounding rock conditions and construction requirements, and configure an independent grouting construction unit for each grouting section.

[0014] Step P2: Set the initial grouting parameters for each grouting section and perform trial grouting to verify the operational stability of the grouting system and the groutability of the grouting section;

[0015] Step P3: During the segmented grouting construction, the grouting process parameters are monitored and dynamically evaluated in real time to determine whether the grouting process is in a stable state.

[0016] If so, then maintain the existing grouting parameters and continue the grouting construction;

[0017] If not, proceed to step P4 to perform dynamic adjustment of grouting parameters;

[0018] Step P4: Based on the identified abnormal change characteristics, dynamically adjust the grouting parameters and implement corresponding construction adjustment measures to restore the grouting process to a stable state;

[0019] Step P5: After the grouting of a single grouting section is completed, a comprehensive feedback analysis of the grouting effect of the grouting section is conducted, and the grouting parameters of subsequent grouting sections are corrected and optimized based on the feedback analysis results.

[0020] In the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, in step P1, after dividing the horizontal hole into segments along the axial direction, packers are installed in the horizontal hole to seal and isolate adjacent grouting segments, preventing grout from crossing between segments during the grouting process; at the same time, each grouting segment is numbered sequentially to facilitate the sequential implementation of segmented grouting construction.

[0021] The specific process of step P2 in the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes is as follows:

[0022] Before the formal grouting construction, the initial grouting parameters for each grouting section are set according to the performance of the grouting material and the on-site construction conditions. The initial grouting parameters include the grouting flow rate, grout mix ratio and expected duration of grouting in a single section. After the parameters are set, the segmented grouting construction is carried out in sequence according to the number of each grouting section.

[0023] For the current grouting section, after confirming that the packer is reliably sealed, the grouting pipeline is properly connected, and the grouting equipment is operating normally, the grouting construction of the grouting section is started. In the initial stage of grouting, a short-term trial grouting is carried out using preset initial grouting parameters to verify the overall stability of the grouting system and the groutability of the current grouting section. If there are no abnormal conditions during the trial grouting process, the formal grouting construction stage of the grouting section is started.

[0024] In the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, step P3, the specific process for determining whether the grouting process is in a stable state, is as follows:

[0025] When the grouting process parameters change continuously and gradually over time without sudden changes or prolonged imbalances, the current grouting process is determined to be in a stable state.

[0026] When abnormal trends are detected in the parameters of the grouting process, it is determined that there is an abnormal situation in the current grouting process. The abnormal trends include difficulty in establishing grouting pressure, rapid increase in grouting pressure in a short period of time, significant sudden changes in grouting flow rate or grouting volume per unit time, and significant grout backflow or leakage.

[0027] The above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes includes grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, and grouting volume per unit time.

[0028] In the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, step P4 includes the following dynamic control methods for the grouting parameters:

[0029] a. Adjusting the grout flow rate changes the injection rate of the grout in the surrounding rock;

[0030] b. By adjusting the slurry mix ratio, the rheological properties, fluidity, and solidification characteristics can be changed to adapt to different water-rich and fractured formation conditions.

[0031] c. By adjusting the duration and rhythm of single-segment grouting, the grout diffusion range and filling effect can be precisely controlled.

[0032] The above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes involves continuously monitoring the dynamic changes in grouting pressure in real time during the dynamic control of grouting parameters.

[0033] When the grouting pressure change is within a reasonable range, maintain the current adjusted grouting parameters and continue grouting construction.

[0034] When the grouting pressure still exhibits abnormal variation characteristics, the grouting flow rate, grout mix ratio, or grouting duration should be further adjusted based on the changes in grouting process parameters until the grouting process returns to a stable state.

[0035] In the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, step P5, the process for determining the completion of grouting in a single grouting segment, is as follows:

[0036] When the grouting process parameters remain stable within a certain period of time, and the grouting volume per unit time shows a decreasing trend or tends to stabilize, it is determined that the grouting effect of the current grouting section has met the expected requirements, and thus the grouting is deemed complete.

[0037] In the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, step P5, the process for determining the completion of grouting in a single grouting segment, is as follows:

[0038] When the grouting process parameters remain stable within a certain period of time, and the grouting volume per unit time shows a decreasing trend or tends to stabilize, it is determined that the grouting effect of the current grouting section has met the expected requirements, and thus the grouting is deemed complete.

[0039] In the above-mentioned method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, step P5 involves conducting a comprehensive feedback analysis of the grouting effect of the grouting segment based on the characteristics of parameter changes during the grouting process and the construction process records.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0041] This application adopts a fully integrated process: segmented isolation → pre-inspection of grouting → real-time parameter monitoring and stability assessment → dynamic adjustment of multiple parameters → safe segment switching → data feedback optimization between segments. First, segmented grouting with horizontal holes and independent sealing with packers prevents grout leakage between segments, achieving targeted grouting. Then, initial parameter setting and trial grouting are used to identify potential hazards, proactively controlling construction risks. Throughout the process, key parameters such as grouting pressure and flow rate are monitored in real-time to quantitatively determine the grouting steady state and quickly identify anomalies. Grouting flow rate, grout ratio, and grouting time are adjusted accordingly to adapt to complex formations and quickly restore working conditions. Dual-index determination of single-segment grouting completion, followed by pressure stabilization and initial setting, switches the packer to ensure safe connection between procedures. Finally, data from completed segments is used to optimize subsequent grouting parameters, significantly improving grouting quality. Each step is coordinated and closed-loop, moving away from the traditional extensive construction model based on experience, and improving the controllability, safety, and uniformity of overall formation reinforcement and water plugging. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating a method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] This embodiment discloses a method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0044] Step P1: Segmented Layout of Horizontal Holes

[0045] First, horizontal grouting holes are directionally constructed in the target area of ​​the stratum or surrounding rock to be reinforced / blocked. After the horizontal holes are inspected and cleaned, the pre-grouting preparation process begins.

[0046] Based on the actual length of the horizontal borehole, the degree of rock fragmentation, the development of fissures, the hydrogeological conditions, and the on-site engineering reinforcement design requirements, the horizontal borehole is precisely divided into several independent, sequentially arranged grouting sections. Mechanically removable packers are installed at the corresponding section interfaces inside the horizontal borehole. The sealing expansion of the packers achieves physical isolation and sealing of adjacent grouting sections, effectively blocking the channels for grout leakage between sections during the grouting process. At the same time, each grouting section is numbered sequentially according to the construction order to form a standardized segmented construction sequence, which facilitates subsequent precise operations in sequence.

[0047] In this step, the controlled division of grouting sections avoids grout turbulence, uneven consolidation, and local over- or under-grouting that can occur with single-hole grouting. Packers effectively isolate sections, significantly reducing construction risks such as grout cross-contamination and leakage, and improving grouting continuity and safety. Standardized construction with segmented numbering makes the work process more traceable, facilitating on-site management and fault tracing.

[0048] Step P2: Initial parameter setting and trial grouting implementation

[0049] Before the formal segmented grouting construction begins, the initial benchmark grouting parameters for each numbered grouting segment are uniformly set based on the on-site grouting raw material ratio performance, surrounding rock geological conditions, and construction experience parameters of similar strata. The initial grouting parameters include grouting flow rate, grout ratio, and expected duration of single-segment grouting. After the parameters are set, segmented grouting construction is carried out sequentially according to the number of each grouting segment.

[0050] For the current grouting section, first verify the sealing effectiveness of the packers in the borehole, the tightness of the high-pressure grouting pipeline connection on the ground, and the overall operating condition of the grouting pump and monitoring and acquisition equipment. After confirming that there is no leakage or fault, start the grouting operation for this section. In the initial stage of grouting, conduct short-term test grouting with preset initial parameters, collect pressure and flow data in real time, and verify the operational stability of the entire grouting system and the groutability of the strata in the borehole section. If there are no adverse conditions such as abnormal pressure, grout backflow, or sudden changes in flow during the test grouting stage, the test grouting is deemed qualified, and the formal continuous grouting construction of the current grouting section can begin.

[0051] In this step, the pre-inspection of grouting can effectively expose potential problems, such as poor sealing of packers, grout leakage in pipelines, and equipment malfunctions, avoiding major rework later; setting reasonable parameters in advance can greatly reduce the risks of formation disturbance, fracturing, and excessive pressure caused by blind grouting.

[0052] Step P3, throughout the entire formal grouting process, core process parameters such as grouting pressure, instantaneous grouting flow rate, and grouting volume per unit time are continuously collected in real time through integrated pressure sensors, flow acquisition modules, and metering monitoring units.

[0053] When the above-mentioned core grouting process parameters change continuously and smoothly with the grouting sequence, and are within the reasonable threshold range of the design, without instantaneous changes or long-term imbalances or deviations, it is determined that the current grouting diffusion process is in a stable state, and the existing grouting parameters are maintained for continuous grouting operations.

[0054] When monitoring detects abnormal fluctuations and unusual trends in core parameters, it is immediately determined that there are potential construction risks in the grouting process. Typical abnormal conditions include difficulty in establishing grouting pressure, rapid increase in grouting pressure in a short period of time, significant sudden changes in grouting flow rate or grouting volume per unit time, and significant grout backflow or leakage.

[0055] In this step, the application collects core parameters such as grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, and grouting volume per unit time in real time, establishes standardized and stable judgment criteria, breaks away from traditional experience-based construction, and realizes visualized and data-driven management and control of the grouting process and rapid identification of abnormal working conditions.

[0056] Step P4: Based on the identified abnormal change characteristics, dynamically adjust the grouting parameters and implement corresponding construction adjustment measures to restore the grouting process to a stable state;

[0057] The dynamic control methods for grouting parameters include:

[0058] a. Precisely adjust the output frequency and opening of the grouting pump, adjust the grouting flow rate, change the injection rate and replenishment speed of the grout into the micro-fractures of the surrounding rock, and adapt to the formation's grouting capacity;

[0059] b. Dynamically adjust the water-cement ratio, admixture dosage and other component parameters of the slurry to optimize the rheological properties, fluidity and initial / final setting solidification characteristics of the slurry, in order to deal with complex formations that are rich in water, broken and prone to leakage.

[0060] c. The duration of continuous grouting in a single section and the rhythm of intermittent grouting start and stop are precisely controlled to determine the diffusion radius, filling range and consolidation density of the grout in the formation.

[0061] During the control process, the dynamic changes of grouting pressure are continuously monitored: if the pressure fluctuation falls back to a reasonable threshold range, the grouting parameters after the current control are kept stable and grouting continues; if the pressure still shows abnormal change characteristics, the grouting flow rate, grout ratio and grouting time are adjusted in a refined secondary gradient in combination with the response law of the whole process parameters, and the control is iterated repeatedly until the whole grouting condition is completely restored to a stable state.

[0062] In this step, this application differentiates the grouting flow rate, grout ratio, grouting time, and grouting rhythm according to different abnormal characteristics, flexibly adapting to complex geological conditions such as the development of surrounding rock fissures, water abundance, and fracture, quickly restoring the grouting stability state, and improving grouting adaptability and construction safety.

[0063] Step P5: Single-section grouting completion judgment, inter-section switching and parameter optimization feedback

[0064] a. Judgment of completion of single-stage grouting

[0065] During the continuous grouting operation, the hole formation reinforcement effect is assessed in real time: when the core grouting process parameters remain constant and without fluctuation within the preset stable time, and the grouting volume per unit time gradually decreases or tends to a stable steady state, it is determined that the current grouting section has fully filled the stratum fractures and the reinforcement and water plugging indicators have reached the design expectations, thus confirming the completion of the grouting construction of this section.

[0066] The completion of a single grouting stage is determined by two indicators: the duration of parameter stability and the change in grouting volume. After grouting is completed, the pressure is stabilized and the initial setting is achieved before adjusting the packer to effectively prevent grout cross-flow, ensure continuous and orderly construction of multiple stages, and improve the efficiency of process connection.

[0067] b. Safe handover operation between sections

[0068] After the grouting of the current grouting section is completed, the grouting pump is stopped, the pressure is stabilized and kept static for a predetermined time to allow the grout in the hole to initially solidify. Then, the pressure is released to release the sealing status of the packer in the current section or the position of the packer is adjusted, the grouting pipeline is switched to connect the loop, and the construction position is changed to prepare for the construction of the next grouting section.

[0069] c. Multi-segment parameter linkage feedback optimization

[0070] Based on the dynamic parameter changes, pressure and flow rate variations, and on-site construction records of the completed grouting sections, a systematic and comprehensive feedback analysis was conducted on the reinforcement and sealing quality, fracture filling effect, and formation injectability of this section. Based on the analysis conclusions, the initial grouting flow rate, grout mix ratio, and preset grouting time, among other benchmark parameters, for subsequent un-grouted sections were corrected and optimized. This achieved a closed-loop linkage of "pre-construction data—effect assessment—subsequent parameter iterative optimization," adapting to the differentiated geological conditions of different sections and improving the overall uniformity and reliability of horizontal borehole segmented grouting. A comprehensive effect analysis was conducted based on the evolution of grouting parameters in the completed sections and the construction records, and the initial parameters of subsequent grouting sections were corrected in reverse, achieving a closed-loop quality improvement of "one section, one optimization." This addressed the differences in grouting effect caused by formation heterogeneity, significantly improving the overall uniformity and reliability of reinforcement and water plugging.

[0071] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step P1: After completing the construction of horizontal holes in the stratum or surrounding rock to be reinforced, before grouting, divide the horizontal holes into multiple independent grouting sections along the axial direction according to the length of the horizontal holes, the surrounding rock conditions and construction requirements, and configure an independent grouting construction unit for each grouting section. Step P2: Set the initial grouting parameters for each grouting section and perform a trial grouting operation to verify the operational stability of the grouting system and the groutability of the grouting section; Step P3: During the segmented grouting construction, the grouting process parameters are monitored and dynamically evaluated in real time to determine whether the grouting process is in a stable state. If so, then maintain the existing grouting parameters and continue the grouting construction; If not, proceed to step P4 to perform dynamic adjustment of grouting parameters; Step P4: Based on the identified abnormal change characteristics, dynamically adjust the grouting parameters and implement corresponding construction adjustment measures to restore the grouting process to a stable state; Step P5: After the grouting of a single grouting section is completed, a comprehensive feedback analysis of the grouting effect of the grouting section is conducted, and the grouting parameters of subsequent grouting sections are corrected and optimized based on the feedback analysis results.

2. The method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step P1, after dividing the horizontal hole into sections along the axial direction, packers are installed in the horizontal hole to seal and isolate adjacent grouting sections, preventing grout from crossing between sections during the grouting process; at the same time, each grouting section is numbered sequentially to facilitate the sequential grouting construction.

3. The method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The specific process of step P2 is as follows: Before the formal grouting construction, the initial grouting parameters for each grouting section are set according to the performance of the grouting material and the on-site construction conditions. The initial grouting parameters include the grouting flow rate, grout mix ratio and expected duration of grouting in a single section. After the parameters are set, the segmented grouting construction is carried out in sequence according to the number of each grouting section. For the current grouting section, after confirming that the packer is reliably sealed, the grouting pipeline is properly connected, and the grouting equipment is operating normally, the grouting construction of the grouting section is started. In the initial stage of grouting, a short-term trial grouting is carried out using preset initial grouting parameters to verify the overall stability of the grouting system and the groutability of the current grouting section. If there are no abnormal conditions during the trial grouting process, the formal grouting construction stage of the grouting section is started.

4. A method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step P3, the specific process for determining whether the grouting process is in a stable state is as follows: When the grouting process parameters change continuously and gradually over time without sudden changes or prolonged imbalances, the current grouting process is determined to be in a stable state. When abnormal trends are detected in the parameters of the grouting process, it is determined that there is an abnormal situation in the current grouting process. The abnormal trends include difficulty in establishing grouting pressure, rapid increase in grouting pressure in a short period of time, significant sudden changes in grouting flow rate or grouting volume per unit time, and significant grout backflow or leakage.

5. The method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grouting process parameters include grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, and grouting volume per unit time.

6. The method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step P4, the dynamic adjustment methods for grouting parameters include: a. Adjusting the grout flow rate changes the injection rate of the grout in the surrounding rock; b. By adjusting the slurry mix ratio, the rheological properties, fluidity, and solidification characteristics can be changed to adapt to different water-rich and fractured formation conditions. c. By adjusting the duration and rhythm of single-segment grouting, the grout diffusion range and filling effect can be precisely controlled.

7. The method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the dynamic adjustment of grouting parameters, the dynamic changes in grouting pressure are continuously monitored in real time. When the grouting pressure change is within a reasonable range, maintain the current adjusted grouting parameters and continue grouting construction. When the grouting pressure still exhibits abnormal variation characteristics, the grouting flow rate, grout mix ratio, or grouting duration should be further adjusted based on the changes in grouting process parameters until the grouting process returns to a stable state.

8. A method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step P5, the process for determining whether a single grouting section has completed grouting is as follows: When the grouting process parameters remain stable within a certain period of time, and the grouting volume per unit time shows a decreasing trend or tends to stabilize, it is determined that the grouting effect of the current grouting section has met the expected requirements, and thus the grouting is deemed complete.

9. The method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 8, characterized in that, After completing the grouting construction of the current grouting section and stabilizing the pressure for initial setting, the grouting operation of the current grouting section is stopped first. Then, the pressure is released to release the corresponding packer of the current section or the position of the packer is adjusted. Then, the pipeline is switched to connect to the next grouting section to prepare for the grouting construction of the next grouting section.

10. A method for dynamically adjusting grouting parameters during segmented grouting of horizontal holes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step P5, a comprehensive feedback analysis of the grouting effect of the grouting section is conducted based on the characteristics of parameter changes during the grouting process and the construction process records.

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