A self-help device for putting on and taking off pressure stockings for obese patients with venous edema

Abstract

The application discloses a self-help putting-on and taking-off device for pressure socks for obese patients with venous edema, which comprises a base, a lifting mechanism arranged on the upper end face of the base, an installation ring arranged on the working end of the lifting mechanism, a preloading support mechanism for bearing and rolling up the pressure socks movably arranged on the installation ring, a plurality of unrolling mechanisms for releasing the rolled-up pressure socks to the lower leg of a patient movably arranged on the inner side of the installation ring, and a control button arranged below the heel of the patient on the upper end face of the base. The device is simple in structure and reasonable in design, and a patient can easily complete the auxiliary operation of putting on the pressure socks alone, thereby reducing the dependence of the patient on the bending ability of the waist and abdomen, the gripping ability of the hands and the assistance degree of nursing personnel when putting on the pressure socks. Meanwhile, the control button is arranged below the heel, and the patient can complete the starting through the stepping mode, so that the operation mode is more in line with the actual use scene of the patient with inconvenient movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of assistive living devices, specifically a self-service compression stocking donning and doffing device suitable for obese patients with venous edema. Background Technology

[0002] Obese patients often experience problems such as fat accumulation in the waist and abdomen, increased waist circumference, increased lower limb circumference, increased burden on peripheral circulation, and decreased mobility. Some patients may also have lower limb venous edema. For these patients, there is a high demand for compression stockings in terms of lower limb circulatory care, reducing lower limb swelling, and improving lower limb discomfort caused by prolonged standing, sitting, or limited mobility.

[0003] In existing technologies, the wearing of compression stockings typically relies on the patient repeatedly stretching and pulling the stockings with their hands, or using simple assistive devices such as stocking frames or support frames to initially slip them on, followed by manual pulling to unfold them. However, obese patients often face challenges such as limited bending of the waist and abdomen, large lower limb circumference, limited ankle and foot movement, and insufficient sustained pulling ability of the hands. Patients often find it difficult to bend over for extended periods to approach their feet, and also struggle to continuously pull against the elastic recoil of the compression stockings with their hands, making the wearing process laborious and time-consuming. While some assistive devices can stretch the stocking opening before wearing, their initiation, adjustment, or pulling actions still require the patient to bend over or use their hands, failing to adequately reduce reliance on waist and abdomen bending ability, hand gripping ability, and caregiver assistance. Furthermore, they are not convenient for patients with limited mobility to initiate and continuously wear the stockings while seated, using foot movements. Therefore, existing compression stocking assistive wearing structures still fall short in terms of ease of self-use for obese patients with venous edema. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-service compression stocking donning and doffing device suitable for obese patients with venous edema, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-service compression stocking donning and doffing device suitable for obese patients with venous edema, comprising a base, a lifting mechanism provided on the upper surface of the base, an installation ring provided at the working end of the lifting mechanism, a preload support mechanism for supporting the rolled-up compression stockings movably provided on the installation ring, and a plurality of unrolling mechanisms for releasing the rolled-up compression stockings onto the patient's calf movably provided on the inner side of the installation ring, and a control button provided on the upper surface of the base below the patient's heel.

[0006] Preferably, the unwinding mechanism includes: A sliding groove is evenly opened circumferentially on the inner side mounting platform of the mounting ring. A positioning slider is slidably connected in the sliding groove. A release block for unrolling the pressure sock is provided at the upper end of the positioning slider. An arc-shaped groove matching the pressure sock is opened at the upper end of the inner ring wall of the release block to support and drive the pressure sock to roll upward and release. A control magnet is disposed on one side of the sliding groove, and a permanent magnet matching the control magnet is disposed on the positioning slider.

[0007] Preferably, the preload support mechanism includes: An arc-shaped through groove is circumferentially opened at the upper end of the mounting ring and located between two adjacent release blocks. An arc-shaped preload frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped through groove by a limiting groove. The lower end of the arc-shaped preload frame is provided with teeth. The transmission gear is rotatably connected to the mounting cavity inside the mounting ring and meshes with the teeth. Universal couplings are provided at both ends of the transmission gear, and a transmission shaft is connected between the universal couplings of two adjacent transmission gears. The synchronous movement of all the arc-shaped preload frames is achieved through the cooperation of the transmission gear, the universal coupling and the transmission shaft. A drive gear is disposed in a mounting cavity inside the mounting ring and meshes with any one of the transmission gears. A drive motor is also connected to one side of the drive gear.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting bracket, which is disposed on one side of the upper surface of the base. A lead screw is rotatably connected inside the lifting bracket. One side of the mounting ring is threadedly connected to the lead screw via a connector. A lifting motor is disposed at the lower end of the base, and the output end of the lifting motor is connected to the lower end of the lead screw.

[0009] Preferably, the number of release blocks is 4 to 8.

[0010] Preferably, the release block is made of plastic material.

[0011] Preferably, the inner ring wall of the release block is provided with a pulley for reducing friction, and the upper and lower ends of the inner ring wall of the release block are also chamfered.

[0012] Preferably, a controller is provided inside the base, and the controller is electrically connected to the control button, the control magnet, the drive motor and the lifting motor via wires.

[0013] Preferably, the unwinding mechanism is configured to adapt to changes in calf circumference in obese patients with venous edema through radially converging or dispersing movements of several release blocks.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, by setting a base, lifting mechanism, mounting ring, preload support mechanism, unwinding mechanism, and control button at the heel position, enables obese patients with venous edema to complete the compression stocking donning operation without bending over significantly or pulling the compression stockings with both hands for a long time. This reduces the patient's dependence on the bending ability of the waist and abdomen, hand gripping ability, and the degree of assistance from caregivers when wearing compression stockings. At the same time, the control button is located under the heel, and the patient can start it by stepping on it. The operation method is more in line with the actual use scenario of patients with limited mobility. 2. This invention, by incorporating an unwinding mechanism, allows for radial adjustment of the convergence of the release block according to the outer diameter of the patient's calf, avoiding the problem that a fixed-size support structure is difficult to adapt to the changes in calf circumference of obese patients with venous edema. At the same time, the arc-shaped groove on the release block can provide local support and guidance for the roll-up of the compression stockings, causing the roll-up end of the compression stockings to roll upwards and improve the stability of the compression stockings when released onto the calf. During the upward movement of the release block, the permanent magnet provides a continuous repulsive force, ensuring the inner side of the release block adheres to the patient's calf. 3. This invention, through the inclusion of a preload support mechanism, can stably support the rolled-up compression stockings before wearing, avoiding the need for patients to continuously stretch the stocking opening by hand. During release, each arc-shaped preload frame can move synchronously, reducing the possibility of the compression stockings tilting, twisting, or partially slipping off due to release on one side first. The combination of transmission gears, universal couplings, and drive shafts can adapt to the annular arrangement space within the mounting ring and distribute the power provided by the drive motor to multiple arc-shaped preload frames, improving the consistency and reliability of the preload release action. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the entire invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting ring of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 An enlarged view of point A in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the transmission gear in the mounting ring according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive motor installation according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-wearing state of the compression socks device according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the release block of the present invention converging towards the leg; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped preload frame pressure release sock of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the release block of the present invention causes the compression stocking to roll upwards and be rolled up onto the patient's calf.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Lifting mechanism; 201. Lifting bracket; 202. Lead screw; 203. Lifting motor; 3. Mounting ring; 4. Preload support mechanism; 401. Arc-shaped through groove; 402. Arc-shaped preload frame; 403. Gear; 404. Transmission gear; 405. Universal coupling; 406. Transmission shaft; 407. Drive gear; 408. Drive motor; 5. Unwinding mechanism; 501. Sliding groove; 502. Positioning slider; 503. Release block; 504. Control magnet; 505. Permanent magnet; 506. Pulley; 6. Control button. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed," "mounted," "connected," or "set" with another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-10As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution for a self-service compression stocking donning and doffing device suitable for obese patients with venous edema: A self-service compression stocking donning and doffing device suitable for obese patients with venous edema includes a base 1, which serves as the support for the patient's foot and the mounting base for various actuators. A lifting mechanism 2 is provided on the upper surface of the base 1, and an mounting ring 3 is provided on the working end of the lifting mechanism 2. The mounting ring 3 can move up and down along the patient's lower leg under the drive of the lifting mechanism 2. A preload support mechanism 4 for carrying the rolled-up compression stocking is movably provided on the mounting ring 3, and several unrolling mechanisms 5 for releasing the rolled-up compression stocking onto the patient's lower leg are movably provided on the inner side of the mounting ring 3. A control button 6 is provided on the upper surface of the base 1 below the patient's heel.

[0021] In actual use, the patient or caregiver first rolls up the cuff of the compression stocking to form a loop, and then places the rolled-up stocking on the preload support mechanism 4. The patient sits with their foot on the base 1, passing their foot through the mounting ring 3, and their heel positioned above the control button 6. The patient activates the device by pressing the control button 6 with their heel. The preload support mechanism 4 releases the expanded compression stocking, which automatically deforms and hugs the patient's calf. The unrolling mechanism 5 then moves towards the patient's calf to receive the rolled-up stocking. The lifting mechanism 2 moves the mounting ring 3 upwards along the calf, causing the rolled-up stocking to gradually unfold and be placed on the outside of the patient's calf under the action of the unrolling mechanism 5.

[0022] By incorporating a base 1, a lifting mechanism 2, an mounting ring 3, a preload support mechanism 4, an unwinding mechanism 5, and a control button 6 at the heel position, obese patients with venous edema can complete the compression stocking donning assistance without bending over significantly or pulling on the stockings for extended periods with both hands. This reduces the patient's reliance on their abdominal bending ability, hand gripping ability, and the level of assistance from caregivers when donning compression stockings. Furthermore, the control button 6 is located below the heel, allowing the patient to activate it by pressing down on it, making the operation more suitable for the actual usage scenarios of patients with limited mobility.

[0023] Furthermore, the unwinding mechanism 5 includes a sliding groove 501 and a control magnet 504. The sliding groove 501 is evenly circumferentially formed on the inner mounting platform of the mounting ring 3. A positioning slider 502 is slidably connected within the sliding groove 501. A release block 503 for unwinding the pressure sock is provided at the upper end of the positioning slider 502. An arc-shaped groove matching the pressure sock is formed at the upper end of the inner ring wall of the release block 503, which is used to support and drive the pressure sock to roll upward for release. The control magnet 504 is located on one side within the sliding groove 501, and a permanent magnet 505 matching the control magnet 504 is provided on the positioning slider 502.

[0024] During operation, when the control magnet 504 is energized, it generates a magnetic attraction or repulsion with the permanent magnet 505, causing the positioning slider 502 to slide along the sliding groove 501. This, in turn, drives the release block 503 to move radially closer to or further away from the patient's lower leg along the mounting ring 3. Figure 7 As shown, when the patient needs to enter the mounting ring 3, each release block 503 slides away from the lower leg to facilitate entry. After the patient's foot is placed inside the mounting ring 3, each release block 503, under the combined action of the control magnet 504 and the permanent magnet 505, converges towards the lower leg side, allowing the arc-shaped groove on the inner ring wall of the release block 503 to approach and support the roll-up compression stocking that is fitted against the lower leg. As the mounting ring 3 moves upward, a relative rolling and guiding effect occurs between the release block 503 and the roll-up compression stocking, causing the compression stocking to gradually unfold upward from its rolled-up state.

[0025] The unwinding mechanism 5 allows for radial adjustment of the convergence of the release block 503 according to the outer diameter of the patient's calf, avoiding the problem that a fixed-size support structure is difficult to adapt to the changes in calf circumference of obese patients with venous edema. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped groove on the release block 503 provides local support and guidance for the roll-up compression stockings, causing the roll-up end of the stockings to roll upwards, improving the stability of the stockings when released onto the calf. During the upward movement of the release block 503, the permanent magnet 505 provides a continuous repulsive force, ensuring the inner side of the release block 503 adheres to the patient's calf.

[0026] Furthermore, the preload support mechanism 4 includes an arc-shaped through groove 401, an arc-shaped preload frame 402, teeth 403, a transmission gear 404, a universal coupling 405, a transmission shaft 406, a drive gear 407, and a drive motor 408. The arc-shaped through groove 401 is circumferentially formed at the upper end of the mounting ring 3 and located between two adjacent release blocks 503. The arc-shaped preload frame 402 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped through groove 401 by means of a limiting groove. Teeth 403 are provided at the lower end of the arc-shaped preload frame 402. The transmission gear 404 is rotatably connected to the mounting cavity inside the mounting ring 3 and meshes with the teeth 403. Universal couplings 405 are provided at both ends of the transmission gear 404. A transmission shaft 406 connects the universal couplings 405 of two adjacent transmission gears 404. Through the cooperation of the transmission gear 404, universal couplings 405, and transmission shaft 406, all the arc-shaped preload frames 402 can be driven to move synchronously. The drive gear 407 is located in the mounting cavity inside the mounting ring 3 and meshes with any one of the transmission gears 404. A drive motor 408 is connected to one side of the drive gear 407.

[0027] Before wearing, multiple arc-shaped preload frames 402 extend and together form a ring or near-ring-shaped support area to support the already rolled-up compression stockings, keeping them in a preparatory position above the mounting ring 3. When the patient's foot passes through the mounting ring 3 and presses the control button 6, the drive motor 408 drives the drive gear 407 to rotate. The drive gear 407 drives the transmission gear 404 meshing with it to rotate. The transmission gear 404 then transmits power to adjacent transmission gears 404 through a universal coupling 405 and a drive shaft 406, causing multiple transmission gears 404 to rotate synchronously. After the transmission gear 404 meshes with the teeth 403, it drives the arc-shaped preload frames 402 to slide along the arc-shaped through groove 401, thereby causing each arc-shaped preload frame 402 to retract or adjust its position synchronously. When the arc-shaped preload frames 402 move away from the calf to a certain extent, the compression stockings will roll inward under their own elasticity, thus detaching from the arc-shaped preload frames 402 and tightly hugging the patient's calf.

[0028] By incorporating a preload support mechanism 4, the compression stockings can be stably supported before wearing, eliminating the need for patients to continuously stretch the stocking opening by hand. During release, the arc-shaped preload frames 402 can move synchronously, reducing the likelihood of the compression stockings tilting, twisting, or partially slipping off due to release on one side first. The combination of the transmission gear 404, universal coupling 405, and transmission shaft 406 can adapt to the annular arrangement space within the mounting ring 3 and distribute the power provided by the drive motor 408 to multiple arc-shaped preload frames 402, improving the consistency and reliability of the preload release action.

[0029] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a lifting bracket 201, which is disposed on one side of the upper surface of the base 1. A lead screw 202 is rotatably connected inside the lifting bracket 201. One side of the mounting ring 3 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 202 through a connector. A lifting motor 203 is disposed at the lower end of the base 1, and the output end of the lifting motor 203 is connected to the lower end of the lead screw 202.

[0030] During operation, the lifting motor 203 drives the lead screw 202 to rotate. Since the mounting ring 3 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 202 via a connector, the rotation of the lead screw 202 can drive the mounting ring 3 to move up and down along the lifting bracket 201. After the compression stocking is transferred from the preload support mechanism 4 to the release block 503, the lifting motor 203 drives the lead screw 202 to move the mounting ring 3 upward. The release block 503 on the mounting ring 3 then moves upward along the patient's calf, causing the compression stocking to gradually unroll from the ankle to the corresponding height of the calf.

[0031] Furthermore, the number of release blocks 503 is 4-8. The specific number can be selected based on the size of the mounting ring 3, the patient's calf circumference, and the elastic strength of the compression stocking. When the number of release blocks 503 is small, the structure is simpler and the manufacturing cost is lower; when the number of release blocks 503 is large, more support points can be formed around the mounting ring 3, making the pressure on the compression stocking more even.

[0032] During operation, multiple release blocks 503 are distributed circumferentially along the mounting ring. When the compression stockings are unrolled, the circumferential force at the cuff is distributed among the multiple release blocks 503, preventing localized overstretching caused by the compression stockings being pulled in only a few locations. For obese patients with venous edema, due to the larger calf circumference and skin pressure sensitivity, 4-8 release blocks 503 can achieve a balance between structural complexity and uniform support.

[0033] Furthermore, the release block 503 is made of plastic material. The plastic material can be a medical or everyday engineering plastic with a certain strength and surface smoothness, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, ABS, or other plastic materials that meet the strength requirements. Since the release block 503 is close to the compression stockings and the patient's lower leg, its material should avoid sharp, hard edges and excessive weight.

[0034] Furthermore, the inner ring wall of the release block 503 is provided with a pulley 506 to reduce friction, and the upper and lower ends of the inner ring wall of the release block 503 are also chamfered. The pulley 506 can be arranged circumferentially along the inner ring wall of the release block 503, with the wheel surface of the pulley 506 facing the patient's calf and the side where the compression stocking is located, to provide rolling contact during the unrolling of the compression stocking. The chamfers at the upper and lower ends of the inner ring wall of the release block 503 are used to eliminate sharp edges, making the release block 503 smoother when approaching the patient's calf or the compression stocking.

[0035] Furthermore, a controller is installed inside the base 1. The controller is electrically connected to the control button 6, the control magnet 504, the drive motor 408, and the lifting motor 203 via wires. The controller can be a microcontroller control board, a PLC control module, or other control unit capable of sequential control. The control button 6 is used to send a start signal to the controller, and the controller controls the control magnet 504, the drive motor 408, and the lifting motor 203 to operate sequentially according to a preset program.

[0036] Furthermore, the unwinding mechanism 5 is configured to adapt to changes in calf circumference in obese patients with venous edema through radial convergence or divergence movements of several release blocks 503.

[0037] During the dressing process, after the patient presses the control button 6, the controller first controls the magnet 504 to move, adjusting the release block 503 to a suitable position to receive the compression stocking. Then, it controls the drive motor 408 to rotate, causing the preload support mechanism 4 to release the rolled-up compression stocking. Next, it controls the lifting motor 203 to start, causing the mounting ring 3 to move the release block 503 upwards along the calf, completing the unrolling of the compression stocking. After the upward movement is complete, the controller can stop the lifting motor 203 and de-energize or reset the control magnet 504, allowing the release block 503 to move away from the patient's calf, making it easier for the patient to remove the stocking.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-service compression stocking donning and doffing device suitable for obese patients with venous edema, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A lifting mechanism (2) is provided on the upper surface of the base (1). An installation ring (3) is provided on the working end of the lifting mechanism (2). A preload support mechanism (4) for bearing the rolled-up pressure socks is movably provided on the installation ring (3). Several unrolling mechanisms (5) for releasing the rolled-up pressure socks onto the patient's calf are movably provided on the inner side of the installation ring (3). A control button (6) is provided on the upper surface of the base (1) below the patient's heel.

2. The self-service putting on and taking off compression stockings device for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unwinding mechanism (5) includes: A sliding groove (501) is evenly opened circumferentially on the inner side mounting platform of the mounting ring (3). A positioning slider (502) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (501). A release block (503) for unrolling the pressure sock is provided at the upper end of the positioning slider (502). An arc-shaped groove matching the pressure sock is opened at the upper end of the inner ring wall of the release block (503) to support and drive the pressure sock to roll upward and release. A control magnet (504) is disposed on one side of the sliding groove (501), and a permanent magnet (505) matching the control magnet (504) is disposed on the positioning slider (502).

3. The self-adjusting compression stocking device for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preload support mechanism (4) includes: An arc-shaped through groove (401) is circumferentially opened at the upper end of the mounting ring (3) and located between two adjacent release blocks (503). An arc-shaped preload frame (402) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped through groove by opening a limiting groove. The lower end of the arc-shaped preload frame (402) is provided with teeth (403). A transmission gear (404) is rotatably connected in the mounting cavity inside the mounting ring (3) and meshes with the teeth (403). Universal couplings (405) are provided at both ends of the transmission gear (404). A transmission shaft (406) is connected between the universal couplings (405) of two adjacent transmission gears (404). The synchronous movement of all the arc-shaped preload frames (402) is achieved through the cooperation of the transmission gear (404), the universal coupling (405) and the transmission shaft (406). A drive gear (407) is disposed in the mounting cavity inside the mounting ring (3) and meshes with any one of the transmission gears (404). A drive motor (408) is also connected to one side of the drive gear (407).

4. The self-service putting on and taking off compression stockings device for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (2) includes a lifting bracket (201), which is located on one side of the upper surface of the base (1). A lead screw (202) is rotatably connected inside the lifting bracket (201). One side of the mounting ring (3) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (202) through a connector. A lifting motor (203) is provided at the lower end of the base (1), and the output end of the lifting motor (203) is connected to the lower end of the lead screw (202).

5. The self-service putting on and taking off compression stockings device for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of release blocks (503) is 4 to 8.

6. The self-service putting on and taking off compression stockings device for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 4, characterized in that: The release block (503) is made of plastic material.

7. The self-service putting on and taking off compression stockings device for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 4, characterized in that: The release block (503) has a pulley (506) on its inner ring wall for reducing friction, and the upper and lower ends of the inner ring wall of the release block (503) are also chamfered.

8. The self-service putting on and taking off device for compression stockings suitable for obese patients with venous edema according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (1) is equipped with a controller, which is electrically connected to the control button (6), the control magnet (504), the drive motor (408) and the lifting motor (203) via wires.

9. The self-adjusting compression stocking device for obese patients with venous edema according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The unwinding mechanism (5) is configured to adapt to changes in calf circumference in obese patients with venous edema through radial convergence or retraction of several release blocks (503).

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