Construction collision prediction and analysis method under three-dimensional scene

Abstract

The application discloses a construction collision prediction and analysis method in a three-dimensional scene and belongs to the technical field of underground construction detection. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional simulation scene data, correcting the error caused by ground subsidence by taking a building with unchanged height as a reference, determining the specific depth of an underground component and constructing a collision body; constructing an envelope body based on the longest side length of a non-visible three-dimensional model component; for a pipeline beyond a construction area, cutting the envelope body by using a spherical section of a true construction range to reduce the analysis range; dynamically cutting the collision body into a plurality of collision elements in a specified distance unit, performing pre-collision and point-by-point collision calculation on the envelope body after screening, and obtaining a point set of intersection; and finally responding to a terminal instruction to dynamically display a construction risk position in three dimensions. The application combines ground error correction, pipeline accurate cutting and dynamic cutting, eliminates a large amount of redundant data, and significantly improves the accuracy and analysis efficiency of construction collision prediction in a complex underground environment.

Description

[0001] The original basis for this divisional application is patent application No. 202311539022.0, filed on November 17, 2023, entitled "A Construction Risk Determination System and Method Based on Construction Scheme". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of construction inspection technology, and in particular to a method for predicting and analyzing construction collisions in a three-dimensional scene. Background Technology

[0003] Modern factories have numerous underground pipelines with complex distribution locations. When underground construction is required, damage to these pipelines or obstruction of construction often occurs. These situations necessitate repairs, rework, or modifications to the construction plan. In other words, construction encounters more obstacles when the relationship between underground pipelines and the current construction is unclear. Specifically, before actual construction, in addition to knowing the start and end points and depth of trench excavation, the construction unit needs to accurately understand the location of pre-existing underground pipelines, especially the burial depth of each specific location. This is because the underground pipelines in a real factory are laid out according to the terrain conditions, not in a regular pattern, and the burial depth is also irregular. Excavating directly based on a certain burial depth could lead to risks such as severing optical fibers. Therefore, to reduce such occurrences, before construction, it is preferable to create a 3D simulation scenario to determine the relationship between the current construction plan and underground pipelines, and to assess whether underground pipelines obstruct the current construction plan. This allows for the pre-planning of the construction plan based on the distribution characteristics of underground pipelines, thus ensuring a smooth construction process.

[0004] For a twin factory, it includes a real physical factory and a completely identical 3D simulated factory. When underground construction is required, the 3D simulation scene is more conducive to the early identification of construction obstacles. However, although the distribution of underground pipelines is known, accurately determining the relationship between the construction project and underground pipelines and obtaining an appropriate construction plan is a difficult technical problem to solve. For construction locations prone to risks in relevant construction plans, existing systems cannot provide accurate warning information, leading to situations where construction is not carried out properly even when an effective construction plan is established. How to design high-precision construction plans and how to combine construction plans to accurately predict construction risks are problems that existing technologies urgently need to solve.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN109242827A discloses a method for collision detection between power cable lines and underground pipe trenches. First, a three-dimensional spatial model of the power cable line and the underground pipe trench is constructed using parametric modeling. Then, a safety bounding box is generated based on the three-dimensional spatial model of the power cable line. Finally, a three-dimensional scene is constructed to perform collision detection between the power cable line and the underground pipe trench. This patent quickly and effectively calculates the collision between the power cable line and the underground pipe trench by introducing a safety bounding box, and simultaneously highlights the collision focus between the power cable line and the underground pipe trench, allowing for a direct observation of the collision location.

[0006] However, this patent has a drawback: cable lines involve various laying methods, and the routing, outer diameter, and minimum distance requirements of underground trenches vary, resulting in a large amount of data computation during collision calculations, sometimes requiring external auxiliary calculations. For construction companies, shortening the construction period and quickly developing a construction plan are the primary issues to address. Due to the high computational load, after the construction company submits a preliminary plan, the system needs to wait a considerable amount of time before it can assess the feasibility of the construction plan. Therefore, this patent has not been widely promoted and used.

[0007] Furthermore, this patent cannot generate corresponding sectional views, collision point sets, and related construction coordinates and parameters, thus failing to provide effective data support for the feasibility of construction. If unforeseen underground components hinder the convenience of construction, the project is prone to delays and increased construction costs.

[0008] Chinese patent application CN115774917A discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for three-dimensional collision detection of underground pipelines. The method includes: acquiring dimensional data of each underground pipeline; determining collision points between the underground pipelines based on the dimensional data; constructing a pipeline cross-sectional view of each underground pipeline within a predetermined range containing the collision points; and adjusting the dimensional data of each underground pipeline within the predetermined range based on the pipeline cross-sectional view until no collision points exist between the underground pipelines. While this patent can be used to correct errors in the collision data of the generated three-dimensional model after underground pipeline construction, it cannot be used in construction processes requiring efficient collision judgment and cross-sectional view generation, and the collision calculation process is relatively complex. Furthermore, the patent does not consider the bending of underground pipelines and their relationship to the construction area, meaning that this patent is only applicable to collision detection and cannot be used to provide data support for construction projects.

[0009] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In the prior art, the construction risks of the construction plan and the existing building are judged by the three-dimensional simulation scene. Its defects are: (1) the three-dimensional simulation scene is inconsistent with the real structure, which leads to the judgment that there is no construction risk in the three-dimensional scene, but construction workers still have construction accidents during the construction process; (2) in the three-dimensional scene, by performing risk testing on each virtual building and the construction plan, the computer has a large amount of computation and a long calculation time. The prior art has emerged to pre-analyze the risks in actual engineering operations by using a step-by-step detection method with multiple collision detections. For example, the patent document with publication number CN105469406A discloses a virtual object collision detection method based on bounding box and spatial division. First, virtual object collision pre-detection is performed on two irregular virtual objects. Then, the area to be detected is divided into regions, and intersection tests are performed in each sub-region of the area to be detected. Virtual object collision detection is performed using the set of point vectors representing moving virtual objects and the triangular face representing virtual objects that do not need to be assembled at present: if they intersect, the two virtual objects collide; otherwise, they do not collide. However, the collision objects in this technical solution are all located inside a relatively large and simple geometry (bounding box). The collision test is limited to the virtual objects inside the bounding box, and the collision analysis process between the virtual objects and the bounding box cannot be realized. Therefore, it is impossible to conduct collision risk testing for every virtual building and construction plan.

[0011] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention aims to provide a construction risk determination method and system based on construction plans, which features low computational complexity and high accuracy in construction risk prediction, building upon the foundation of a twin digital factory. The advantage of a twin factory lies in the consistency between the buildings in the 3D scene and the actual factory buildings. The laying of underground pipelines is similar to or identical to the pipeline lines in the 3D scene, with minimal differences.

[0012] This invention proposes a method for determining construction risks based on a construction plan, comprising: constructing a collider and an envelope based on a three-dimensional model component and a construction plan, respectively; performing a pre-collision test between the collider and the envelope to determine whether a construction risk exists; if a construction risk exists, performing at least one collision test between several collider elements formed by the collider and the envelope to determine the set of points where the collider elements intersect with the envelope; and confirming the construction location with construction risk related to the envelope based on the location information of the point set and displaying it in a three-dimensional manner.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the risk determination method of the present invention can construct collision bodies according to different three-dimensional model components and construct corresponding envelope bodies according to specific construction schemes, thereby simulating the construction process by colliding the collision bodies with the envelope bodies. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to determine the construction risk points of the construction scheme in the actual operation process. Specifically, the collision objects in the present invention are collision bodies composed of three-dimensional model components and envelope bodies constructed according to the construction scheme. At this time, the collision bodies correspond to the pipeline structures that need to be constructed in the actual construction process and are movable collision objects. At this time, the envelope bodies correspond to the objective construction environment that already exists in the actual construction environment and are immovable construction boundary conditions used to restrict the construction space of the collision objects. That is to say, the above-mentioned prior art is aimed at the collision analysis between different movable components in a specific working environment, and it mainly solves the problem of assembly accuracy of parts in virtual assembly, which is significantly different from the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. Furthermore, by constructing colliders and envelopes, this invention can easily perform pre-collision, thereby initially identifying locations with construction risks with less computation, excluding colliders without construction risks, and then performing precise and complex calculations on locations with construction risks. This not only reduces the amount of computation in the early processing but also obtains accurate results.

[0014] Furthermore, compared with the prior art, the present invention can determine the specific collision location by dividing the colliding body into several colliding elements and conducting collision tests with the envelope body separately when construction risks exist in the pre-collision results. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to determine the specific location of the construction risk points in the construction plan. Specifically, in the above-mentioned prior art, after determining the initial collision probability, the area to be detected where collisions may occur is divided into regions, that is, the specific division object is a part of the space area within the bounding box. However, the specific collision area obtained by this method can only show the general collision risk area, and cannot determine the specific risk point of collision on the virtual object. This makes it inconvenient for construction personnel to make adaptive adjustments to the pipeline to be constructed to eliminate the construction risks obtained from the analysis, and significantly reduces the overall construction risk analysis efficiency. Furthermore, compared with the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention can display the specific risk location in three dimensions after determining the specific location information of the colliding elements and the envelope body. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to achieve visualization of the risk location. To address the aforementioned technical issues, existing technologies have already implemented methods for visualizing collision locations using collision detection analysis results between power cable lines and underground pipe trenches. For example, patent document CN109242827A discloses a method for collision detection between power cable lines and underground pipe trenches. First, a three-dimensional spatial model of the power cable line and the underground pipe trench is constructed using parametric modeling. Then, a safety frame is generated based on the three-dimensional spatial model of the power cable line. Finally, a three-dimensional scene is constructed to perform collision detection between the power cable line and the underground pipe trench. This technical solution, by introducing a safety frame, can quickly and effectively calculate the collision detection between the power cable line and the underground pipe trench, and simultaneously highlight the collision focus between the power cable line and the underground pipe trench, allowing for a direct observation of the collision location. However, in this technical solution, the collision location is obtained by finding the focus of the top and bottom edges of the underground pipe's three-dimensional model with each face of the cube containing the cable well safety frame and the laying section safety frame. The final highlighted collision location only reflects the risk location on the cable pipeline and cannot determine the corresponding risk location in the construction plan. Meanwhile, this technical solution requires overall modeling and collision analysis of the underground pipe trench, which significantly increases the amount of data processing. In contrast, this invention, on the one hand, can display specific collision elements after determining the collision risk, and can filter out collision elements with construction risks, reducing the display interference of invalid collision elements; on the other hand, by setting the overall construction plan as an envelope, it can simplify the data calculation during the collision test, without the need to calculate the distribution data of other pipe networks involved in the underground construction process, thus significantly reducing the amount of data processing.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the method for constructing a collision body includes: determining the start point, end point, and excavation depth of the construction in a virtual three-dimensional space; constructing a two-dimensional rectangular surface based on the start point and end point; and setting a margin in a direction perpendicular to the two-dimensional rectangular surface to construct a cube as a collision body.

[0016] Constructing colliders using cubes allows irregular areas to be constructed to be represented by standardized three-dimensional cubes, simplifying the computational workload for initial collision tests.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, a margin is set based on the excavation depth to reduce computational load. Setting a margin expands the three-dimensional space of the construction area. Setting the margin to the construction depth allows the size of the collider to be calculated based on the underground depth of the construction, eliminating the need for additional calculations of underground construction depth data, thus significantly reducing data processing volume.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the method for constructing the envelope includes: constructing a cube based on the longest side length of the three-dimensional model component, with the cube serving as the envelope. Using the longest side of the non-visible three-dimensional model component as the envelope has the advantage of simplifying data calculation during collision testing and ensuring that no part of the underground model is overlooked.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the pre-collision method includes: determining the inclusion, overlap, and tangency relationships between the surfaces of the collider and the envelope, and identifying colliders that have overlapping and tangential relationships with the envelope as colliders that pose a construction risk.

[0020] The overlap and tangency between the collider and the envelope indicate that there is contact between the construction area and the non-visible 3D model components. Therefore, using such situations as a preliminary assessment of construction risks makes it easier to rule out colliders that do not pose a construction risk.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, a method for performing at least one collision test between a plurality of collision elements formed by dividing a collision body and an envelope body includes: performing at least one collision test between a plurality of collision elements formed by dividing a collision body and an envelope body, selecting collision elements that have a collision risk with the envelope body and performing point-by-point collisions with the envelope body to obtain a set of points intersecting with the envelope body.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the collision body of the present invention can be decomposed based on the results of pre-collision, and more accurate collision testing can be performed through the collision elements obtained after decomposition. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to determine the specific collision position of the three-dimensional model component to be constructed when executing the construction plan. Specifically, the prior art significantly increases the amount of collision data processing for invalid space by spatially segmenting the area to be detected, resulting in low overall collision analysis efficiency. In the present invention, the collision body is divided into collision elements, which can specifically identify which collision elements have intersection points 8 with the envelope, thereby determining the set of intersection points 8, i.e., the point set. After identifying the collision bodies with construction risks, the advantage of calculating the point set is that the calculation amount required for pre-collision is less, while the calculation amount required for the point set is much larger. Therefore, performing multiple pre-collisions first, deleting the collision bodies without construction risks, and then performing the point set calculation can significantly reduce the amount of calculation and save calculation time.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, when at least one end of the envelope extends outside the construction area, the envelope is divided based on the construction area, and the envelope to be tested within the construction area is retained. The shapes of underground 3D model components can be complex, especially for pipelines with infinite lengths. Representing the entire pipeline as an infinitely long envelope not only increases the computational load but is also meaningless. Therefore, this invention only selects envelopes located within the construction area and performs collision tests, increasing the proportion of valid data and reducing the computational load of invalid data.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, before performing point-to-point collision, the irregular envelope to be tested within the construction area is divided into several envelope sub-units by constructing a virtual envelope, segmenting and / or splitting it; the several envelope sub-units are pre-collisioned with the collision element to screen out envelope sub-units with construction risks; and the envelope sub-units are subjected to at least one collision test with the collision element.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can decompose the envelope and select envelope sub-units for performing specific collision analysis. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to reduce the amount of invalid data processing in collision analysis. Specifically, since the present invention constructs the envelope based on the longest side of a non-visible 3D model component (e.g., an underground 3D model component), when the 3D model component is irregularly shaped, the constructed envelope will inevitably contain a large number of non-realistic parts. Therefore, dividing the envelope into multiple envelope sub-units is beneficial for excluding envelope sub-units without construction risks through collision testing, thereby selecting envelope sub-units with construction risks. This simple division can reduce the amount of data processing in collision testing and avoid envelopes without construction risks being included in collision testing for invalid calculations.

[0026] The present invention provides a construction risk determination system based on a construction scheme from a second aspect, comprising at least a processor, the processor being configured to: construct a collider and an envelope based on three-dimensional model components and a construction scheme, respectively; perform pre-collision between the collider and the envelope to determine whether a construction risk exists; if a construction risk exists, perform at least one collision test between a plurality of collider elements formed by the collider and the envelope to determine the set of points where the collider elements intersect with the envelope; and confirm the construction location with construction risk related to the envelope based on the location information of the point set and display it in a three-dimensional manner.

[0027] The construction risk determination system based on construction plans in this invention can reduce the amount of calculation by first simplifying and then refining the calculation, and it does not miss the calculation of critical parts. Therefore, the system of this invention has a fast calculation speed and a short calculation delay. The clear display of the three-dimensional construction location on the monitor enables construction personnel to have a clear spatial concept and reduces construction errors.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the method for a processor to construct a collider includes: determining the start point, end point, and excavation depth of the construction in a virtual three-dimensional space; constructing a two-dimensional rectangular surface based on the start point and end point; and setting a margin in a direction perpendicular to the two-dimensional rectangular surface to construct a cube as a collider.

[0029] The processor of this invention simplifies the shape of the collider and reduces the amount of computation by setting the collider as a cube.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor sets a margin based on the excavation depth to reduce computational load.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor constructs the envelope by constructing a cube based on the longest side length of the three-dimensional model components, with the cube serving as the envelope. This configuration simplifies the shape of the envelope and reduces the computational load during the pre-collision process.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor's pre-collision method includes: determining the inclusion, overlap, and tangency relationships between the surfaces of the collider and the envelope, and identifying colliders that overlap or are tangential to the envelope as colliders posing a construction risk. The collision testing method of the present invention can screen out colliders posing a construction risk through simple relationship determination.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, the method by which the processor performs at least one collision test between a plurality of collision elements formed by the collision body and an envelope includes: performing at least one collision test between the plurality of collision elements formed by the collision body and the envelope; selecting collision elements that have a collision risk with the envelope and performing point-by-point collisions with the envelope to obtain a set of points intersecting with the envelope. This configuration refines the volume of the collision elements and obtains collision intersection points 8; the point set formed by the aggregation of several intersection points 8 can clearly indicate the location of construction risks.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, when at least one end of the envelope extends outside the construction area, the processor divides the envelope based on the construction area and retains the envelope to be measured within the construction area. This invention, by calculating only the envelope within the construction area, can exclude irrelevant portions of the envelope, thereby reducing the amount of data required for subsequent calculations.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment, before performing point-to-point collision, the processor divides the irregular envelope to be tested within the construction area into several envelope sub-units by constructing a virtual envelope, segmenting and / or splitting it; pre-collides the several envelope sub-units with the collider to screen out envelope sub-units that pose a construction risk; and performs at least one collision test between the envelope sub-units and the several colliders.

[0036] This invention breaks down the envelope and excludes parts that do not pose a construction risk, further simplifying the amount of data to be processed.

[0037] When there is a construction risk associated with the virtual envelope and the collider, the processor divides the envelope under test into envelope sub-units in a segmented manner. These sub-units are then pre-collided with the collider again to filter out those with construction risks. By segmenting, this invention can further eliminate envelope sub-units without construction risks, reducing the computational load of subsequent precision calculations.

[0038] The processor performs point-by-point collisions between the envelope sub-units that pose construction risks and several collision elements to obtain the set of points that intersect with the envelope.

[0039] Before performing point-to-point collision, the processor connects the vertices at both ends of the irregular envelope to be tested within the construction area to construct a virtual envelope. The virtual envelope is then pre-collisioned with colliders, retaining portions of the envelope that pose a construction risk as envelope sub-units. Constructing the virtual envelope allows for testing the relative position of the collider to the envelope, eliminating colliders that are far from the center and ends of the envelope. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of constructing a collider provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the intersection point of the collider and the envelope constructed according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the situation where underground storage tanks exist, as provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram showing the collider of the present invention cut apart; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the logic modules of a construction risk determination system based on a construction plan provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a simplified schematic diagram showing the distribution of the envelope and colliders in the special structure provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a simplified schematic diagram showing that the virtual envelope and the collider have a non-overlapping and non-tangential relationship, as provided by the present invention. Figure 8 This is a planar schematic diagram showing that the virtual envelope and the collider have a non-overlapping and non-tangential relationship, as provided by the present invention. Figure 9 This is a simplified schematic diagram of another scheme for the overlap of virtual envelope and collider provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a planar schematic diagram of another embodiment of the overlap between the virtual envelope and the collider of the present invention.

[0041] List of reference numerals 1: Processor; 2: Terminal; 3: Storage tank; 4: Starting point; 5: First ending point; 6: Second ending point; 7: Excavation depth; 8: Intersection point; 9: Ground; 11: First envelope sub-unit; 12: Second envelope sub-unit; 13: First cross-section; 14: Second cross-section; 15: Third cross-section; 16: Fourth cross-section; 17: Virtual cube; 18: Sphere; 19: Bend; 20: Virtual envelope; 21: Third envelope sub-unit. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following is a detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The following explanation is provided for some of the terms and concepts in this invention.

[0044] 3D model components: In this invention, the 3D model components that construct the envelope refer to 3D model components that are not directly visible to the construction party. Examples include underground 3D components, underwater 3D model components, and 3D model components that are obscured by various materials in a 3D simulation scene. These non-directly visible model components can include pipelines, various structures, etc. Each 3D model component in the 3D simulation scene possesses corresponding attribute information. This attribute information can be retrieved as needed.

[0045] 3D model files: include various 3D model components and the relationships between them (upstream and downstream relationships, parallel relationships, subordinate relationships, hierarchical relationships).

[0046] A three-dimensional model is a mapping of a real object in a virtual space, which also encompasses the physical and spatial relationships and various attributes of the real object with other real objects. The three-dimensional model involved in this invention is, for example, a factory in a virtual three-dimensional space. The model components of the factory include: the ground surface, surface buildings, and underground three-dimensional model components such as underground pipelines.

[0047] Collision body: The construction scope is defined by the starting point 4, the ending point 7, and the excavation depth 7.

[0048] Collision surface: A set of points formed by the collision intersection of the construction area and non-visible 3D model components.

[0049] Collision check: Whether two geometric objects in the virtual space are spatially overlapping, tangent, or intersecting.

[0050] Envelope: A bounding box formed by the outer envelope of non-visible 3D model components. Envelopes are used to characterize irregular underground pipelines and for initial collision checks with colliders. An envelope is formed by determining the longest side length of each non-visible 3D model component to create a cuboid.

[0051] Excavation depth 7: refers to the expected excavation distance in the current construction plan.

[0052] Example 1 In the existing technology, the construction risks of the construction plan and the existing building are judged by the three-dimensional simulation scene. Its defects are: (1) The three-dimensional simulation scene is inconsistent with the real structure, which leads to the judgment that there is no construction risk in the three-dimensional scene, but construction workers still have construction accidents during the construction process; (2) In the three-dimensional scene, by conducting risk tests on each virtual building and the construction plan, the computer has a large amount of computation and a long calculation time.

[0053] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention aims to provide a construction risk determination method and system based on construction plans, which features low computational complexity and high accuracy in predicting construction risks, building upon the foundation of a twin digital factory. The advantage of a twin factory lies in the consistency between the buildings in the 3D scene and the actual factory buildings. The laying of underground pipelines is similar to or identical to the pipeline lines in the 3D scene, with minimal differences.

[0054] This invention proposes a construction risk determination system based on construction plans, including at least one processor 1. The processor 1 is configured to run a coded program for a construction risk determination method based on construction plans. The processor 1 is preferably a dedicated integrated chip, server, server cluster, or cloud server capable of executing the construction risk determination method based on construction plans. Figure 5 As shown, the processor 1 can also establish a communication connection with at least one portable terminal 2 to transmit data, enabling the terminal 2 to display a three-dimensional simulation scene.

[0055] The present invention proposes a construction risk determination method based on construction plans, the method comprising: S1: Construct collision bodies and envelope bodies based on 3D model components and construction plans respectively; S2: Perform a pre-collision test between the collider and the envelope to determine whether there is a construction risk. If there is a construction risk, perform at least one collision test between the several collider elements formed by the collider and the envelope to determine the set of points where the collider elements intersect with the envelope. S3: Based on the location information of the point set, identify construction locations with construction risks related to the envelope and display them in a three-dimensional manner.

[0056] This invention enables simple pre-collision by constructing colliders and envelopes, thereby initially identifying locations with construction risks with less computation and excluding colliders without construction risks. Then, precise and complex calculations are performed on the locations with construction risks. This not only reduces the amount of computation in the early processing but also obtains accurate prediction results.

[0057] S11: The method for constructing a collision body includes: determining the starting point 4, the ending point and the excavation depth 7 in a virtual three-dimensional space; constructing a two-dimensional rectangular surface based on the starting point 4 and the ending point, and setting a margin in the direction perpendicular to the two-dimensional rectangular surface to construct a cube as a collision body.

[0058] Constructing colliders using cubes allows irregular areas to be constructed to be represented by standardized three-dimensional cubes, simplifying the computational workload for initial collision tests.

[0059] Preferably, according to a preferred embodiment, a margin is set based on the excavation depth 7 to reduce the amount of calculation. Setting a margin allows for expansion of the three-dimensional space of the construction area. Setting the margin as the construction depth allows the size of the colliding body to be calculated based on the underground depth of the construction, eliminating the need for additional calculations of the underground construction depth data, thus significantly reducing the amount of data processing.

[0060] S12: Methods for constructing the envelope include: constructing a cube based on the longest side length of the non-visible 3D model component, with the cube serving as the envelope. Using the longest side of the underground 3D model component as the envelope has the advantage of simplifying data calculations during collision testing and ensuring that no part of the underground 3D model component is overlooked.

[0061] S13: The pre-collision method includes: determining the inclusion, overlap and tangency relationship between the surfaces of the collider and the envelope, and judging the colliders that have overlapping and tangency relationships with the envelope as colliders with construction risks.

[0062] The overlap and tangency between the collider and the envelope indicate that there is contact between the construction area and the underground three-dimensional model components. Therefore, using such situations as a preliminary assessment of construction risks makes it easier to rule out colliders that do not pose a construction risk.

[0063] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in the spatial coordinate system, the plane where the starting point 4 (x1, y1) and the first ending point 5 (x2, y2) are located is set as the first plane, that is, the two-dimensional rectangular plane. The dimensions of the two-dimensional rectangular plane in the first direction (X) are (x1~x2), and its dimensions in the second direction (Y) are (y1~y2).

[0064] exist Figure 1 In the above-mentioned construction starting point 4, it refers to the starting position of construction located on the ground surface. The curve represents the set of points where intersection 8 occurs. The above-mentioned construction first ending point 5 refers to the ending position of construction located underground. The construction starting point 4, the first ending point 5, and the excavation depth 7 can be input by the construction personnel themselves, or the starting point 4, the first ending point 5, and the excavation depth 7 can be adopted from the preset construction plan.

[0065] By adding preset margins in the second direction (Y) and the third direction (Z) of the collider, the creation of the collider is completed. Figure 1 As shown, a margin is set along the second direction Y. A preset margin is added along the third direction Z, so that the collider exists in a cubic form.

[0066] Preferably, the margin is equal to the excavation depth 7. Increasing the margin in the second direction Y and the third direction Z can significantly reduce the computational load on processor 1.

[0067] As 1 to Figure 2 As shown, after increasing the preset margin, the collider also includes a second endpoint 6.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, there is a storage tank 3 below ground level 9. The processor constructs a cube based on the longest side of storage tank 3. This cube is the envelope 1.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, a preliminary relationship determination is made between the collider and the envelope 1. That is, it is determined whether there is an inclusion, overlap, or tangency relationship between the surfaces of the collider and the envelope.

[0070] Inclusion relationships include two cases: a collider containing an envelope, and an envelope containing a collider. These two cases indicate that there is a conflict between the construction area and the location of the underground 3D model components. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the construction risks of colliders that are contained in or included by the envelope.

[0071] Processor 1 focuses on determining the overlap and tangency relationships between the collider and the envelope.

[0072] Compared to inclusion relationships, overlapping and tangent relationships are more complex. An overlapping relationship refers to a three-dimensional spatial overlap between the collider and the envelope. The occurrence of an overlapping relationship indicates a local construction risk between the collider and the envelope.

[0073] Tangency relationship refers to the collider being tangent to the edge of the envelope, including external tangency and inclusion tangency. Regardless of the type of tangency relationship, it indicates that the construction area is close to the location of the underground 3D model components, which may pose construction risks.

[0074] Therefore, this invention preliminarily identifies collision objects that pose a construction risk to the envelope body by judging inclusion, overlap, and tangency relationships. This allows for narrowing down the selection range of collision objects with construction risks through a simple determination of the spatial relationship between two objects.

[0075] S21: Perform at least one collision test between the collision elements formed by the collision body and the envelope.

[0076] Since the collision body of this invention is constructed according to the construction scope and does not represent the specific structure of the construction building, it is difficult to determine the specific location of the construction risk between the collision body and the envelope body by simply judging the relationships of inclusion, overlap, and tangency. Further accurate calculations are required to determine this.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, the collider is divided into several collision elements by a preset distance unit. The distance unit is, for example, a length unit such as centimeter, meter, or kilometer. The direction in which the collider is divided can be any one of the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z.

[0078] When a colliding body is divided into several colliding elements, not every colliding element can collide with the envelope, posing a construction risk. Therefore, it is necessary to filter out the colliding elements with construction risks to reduce the computational workload of invalid colliding element intersections.

[0079] Specifically, this invention performs a pre-collision test between each collision element and the envelope. This allows for the determination of whether the collision element and the envelope have an inclusion, overlap, or tangency relationship, and enables the screening of collision elements that pose a construction risk from a pool of collision elements. This invention identifies collision elements that have an inclusion, overlap, or tangency relationship with the envelope as collision elements with a construction risk, i.e., collision elements with collision risk. Such collision elements can then be used for subsequent point-to-point collision calculations. This screening is to exclude some collision elements that do not pose a construction risk, reducing the computational workload of subsequent point-to-point collisions.

[0080] Preferably, the collision bodies are divided using at least two specified distance units. In response to an operation command from terminal 2 with viewing requirements, the collision results between the collision body and the underground 3D model components are displayed using distance units specified by terminal 2. This method is generally used for construction risk prediction in large-scale construction projects.

[0081] For large-scale construction processes, if a single distance unit is used to segment the collider, the resulting collision intersections will be numerous, forming a very large point set. Furthermore, considering the construction risks associated with such a large collider, many intersections belong to the same location within the collider and have the same meaning. Therefore, dividing the collider based solely on a pre-defined distance unit actually increases the computational burden of collisions involving large colliders. When presenting the collision results at intersection point 8 (e.g....) Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the dense intersection points 8 will inevitably cause the point positions of the collision results in the three-dimensional scene to form line positions, which will affect the judgment of the construction personnel.

[0082] When the distance unit is set to include length units of different sizes, construction workers can select a larger length unit based on the overall collision screen of the colliding body and the underground 3D model components. This results in fewer intersection points 8 being displayed, which will not affect the construction workers' construction judgment.

[0083] When construction workers zoom in on the local collision results using the terminal 2, the intersection point 8 is further displayed using a smaller length unit as the distance unit. The distribution of the intersection point 8 at this time is more helpful for construction workers to judge the construction risks in the local area.

[0084] Preferably, the segmentation steps of the collider using two or more distance units can be performed at different times. The collider is first segmented using a larger first distance unit. Upon receiving a further segmentation command from terminal 2, the collider is then first segmented using a smaller second distance unit.

[0085] Preferably, the collider can also be divided into at least two parts along the first direction (X). Each part of the collider is cut along a third direction (Z) at different preset distance units. This configuration allows for more flexible collision testing based on the importance of different parts of the collider, thereby obtaining an accurate collision intersection point 8 while reducing the amount of data calculation, without compromising the accuracy of construction risk assessment.

[0086] S22: Select collision elements that pose a collision risk to the envelope and perform point-to-point collisions with the envelope to obtain the set of points that intersect with the envelope.

[0087] Processor 1 calculates the spatial coordinates of the intersection point 8 between each collision element and the envelope. Processor 1 stores the intersection points 8 of several collision elements and the envelope as a set. These intersection points 8 constitute a point set.

[0088] Preferably, the point set of several intersection points 8 represents the construction location where there is a construction risk. This invention displays the construction risk location in three dimensions based on the point set, enabling construction personnel to have a concrete understanding of the construction location.

[0089] As described above, this invention divides the colliding bodies into colliding elements, enabling the identification of which colliding elements intersect with the envelope at points 8, thereby determining the set of intersection points 8, i.e., the point set. The advantage of calculating the point set after identifying the colliding bodies posing a construction risk is that pre-collision calculations require less computation, while point set calculations require significantly more. Therefore, performing multiple pre-collisions to remove colliding bodies without construction risks before calculating the point set can significantly reduce the computational load and save computation time.

[0090] The present invention further optimizes the above steps so that the present invention can be applied to the prediction of construction risks in various complex construction projects.

[0091] S51: The step of performing point-by-point collision checks on the non-visible 3D model components involved in each envelope with a collision relationship and at least one set of collision surfaces includes: representing the envelope as parametric equations; representing the collision elements as standard equations; and calculating the intersection point 8 based on the parametric equations and standard equations.

[0092] Preferably, the envelope is described based on a parametric representation, and its parametric equations are as follows:

[0093] in, As the starting point of the envelope, This is the endpoint of the envelope.

[0094] Preferably, the standard equation representing the collision element is:

[0095] in, A, B, C, D These are the coefficients of the collision surface.

[0096] Preferably, the method further includes: substituting the parametric equations of the envelope into the standard equations of the collision element to calculate... Value. If Then, determine if the envelope intersects with the collision element. At this point, Substitute into the parametric equation The coordinates of the specific intersection point 8 can be obtained from this. If If the value is not in the interval [0, 1], it is determined that the envelope and the collision element do not intersect.

[0097] As the natural environment changes, uneven settlement will occur on the ground surface, thus altering the specific burial depth of the underground three-dimensional model components. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the outline of ground surface 9 is curved. If the specific coordinates of ground surface 9 are not corrected, even with a correct collision test, the depth of excavation by construction workers will inevitably change due to variations in the burial depth of the underground 3D model components. Therefore, without correcting the coordinate data of ground surface 9, the construction results will certainly not match the predicted outcomes. Thus, correcting the data for ground surface 9 is necessary.

[0098] Preferably, the present invention corrects the ground surface 9 to determine the true underground depth of the three-dimensional model components. Specifically, the present invention uses a building with a fixed ground height as a reference to collect ground curve data. In this way, based on the data information of the ground surface 9 and the coordinate information of the reference, the data of the ground surface 9 in the current three-dimensional scene can be corrected to clarify the specific depth of the current underground three-dimensional model components, thereby avoiding construction personnel from constructing based on incorrect underground depth data.

[0099] Example 2 This embodiment may be a further improvement and / or supplement to Embodiment 1, and repeated content will not be described again. Where there is no conflict or contradiction, the whole and / or part of the preferred embodiments of other embodiments may be used as supplements to this embodiment.

[0100] Simply performing collision tests between collision elements and the envelope may not yield accurate point set results. This is because if the true contour of the invisible 3D model component matches the shape of the envelope, the risk assessment based on the collision between the collision element and the envelope is accurate. However, if the invisible 3D model component is irregular, and the envelope is a cube formed by the longest side of the invisible 3D model component, then the envelope inevitably expands the true position range of the invisible 3D model component. In this case, judging construction risk based on the envelope will inevitably lead to significant errors. In this invention, the data calculation during point-by-point collision is cumbersome, and the computational load is considerable. Therefore, it is necessary to further determine whether the current collision element truly poses a construction risk. While the envelope simplifies the initial calculations, it also expands the solid volume of the invisible 3D model component, resulting in inaccurate assessments of some construction risks within the collision element and envelope. This invention requires further subdivision of envelopes with special shapes to reduce the computational load of subsequent point-by-point collision processes.

[0101] Preferably, when the collider and the envelope overlap, the envelope can have at least three configurations: First, the envelope is inside the collider; second, one end of the envelope is inside the collider; third, both ends of the envelope extend outwards from the collider, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the non-visible 3D model component, i.e., the underground 3D model component, is a curved pipe. According to the method of constructing the envelope according to the present invention, the envelope forms a curved cube. Figure 6 In the middle, the envelope extends infinitely at both ends. The actual construction range of the collider is sphere 18. The collider is a cube with a side length equal to the diameter of sphere 18. To reduce the calculation of unnecessary data, this invention will... Figure 6 The envelope that is irrelevant to the construction scope is ignored.

[0103] S62: Cut the envelope according to the three-dimensional cross-section of sphere 18, so that the envelope is reduced to the envelope to be measured. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the envelope to be tested includes a first envelope subunit 11 and a second envelope subunit 12. The first envelope subunit 11 and the second envelope subunit 12 are bent at the bending portion 19.

[0104] Specifically, such as Figures 6 to 7 As shown, tangent planes are created along the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z, respectively, to the sphere 18. The first tangent plane 13 and the fourth tangent plane 16 are horizontal planes (X, Y). The second tangent plane 14 is a vertical plane (Y, Z). The third tangent plane 15 is a vertical plane (X, Z).

[0105] When at least one end of the envelope extends outside the construction area, this invention divides the envelope based on the construction area and retains the envelope to be tested within the construction area. The shape of underground envelopes can be complex, especially for pipelines extending indefinitely; treating the entire pipeline as an envelope not only increases computational complexity but is also meaningless. Therefore, this invention only selects envelopes located within the construction area for collision testing, increasing the proportion of valid data and reducing the computational burden of invalid data.

[0106] This invention reduces the range of the envelope by using the cross-section of the sphere 18 to reduce the envelope, which objectively eliminates the amount of data calculation in three-dimensional space that is irrelevant to construction risks, and also reduces the space required for data storage.

[0107] According to a preferred embodiment, before performing point-to-point collision, the irregular envelope to be tested within the construction area is divided into several envelope sub-units by constructing a virtual envelope, segmenting, and / or splitting it. The several envelope sub-units are pre-collisioned with colliders to screen out envelope sub-units that pose construction risks; the envelope sub-units are then subjected to at least one collision test with several colliders.

[0108] Since this invention constructs the envelope based on the longest side of a non-visible 3D model component, when the envelope entity is irregularly shaped, the resulting cubic envelope will inevitably contain a large number of non-realistic parts. Therefore, dividing the envelope into multiple envelope sub-units facilitates the elimination of envelope sub-units without construction risks through collision testing, thereby filtering out envelope sub-units with construction risks. This simple division reduces the amount of data required for collision testing and prevents envelopes without construction risks from being included in collision tests and subjected to invalid calculations.

[0109] First, before performing point-to-point collision, processor 1 connects the vertices at both ends of the irregular envelope to be tested within the construction area to construct a virtual envelope 20. The virtual envelope 20 is then pre-collisioned with the colliders. Envelope portions posing a construction risk are retained as envelope sub-units. Constructing the virtual envelope 20 allows for testing the relative positions of the colliders and the envelope, eliminating colliders that are far from the center and ends of the envelope.

[0110] like Figure 7 As shown, all vertices at both ends of the envelope to be tested are connected to form a virtual cube 17. The virtual cube 17, together with the first envelope sub-unit 11 and the second envelope sub-unit 12, constitute a virtual envelope 20. The virtual cube 17, together with the second sectional face 14 and the third sectional face 15, constitute a third envelope sub-unit 21. Each spatial portion in the third envelope sub-unit 21 is independent of the non-visible 3D model components and is therefore ignored. There are three cases regarding the collider and the virtual envelope 20: First, the collider is tangent to or overlaps with the virtual envelope 20, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown.

[0111] Second, the collider is contained within the virtual envelope 20, which is not shown in the figure.

[0112] Third, the collider is not contained within the virtual envelope 20, nor is it tangent to or overlaps with the virtual envelope. Figure 8 As shown.

[0113] After performing a pre-collision between the virtual envelope 20 and the collider, the present invention retains the virtual envelope 20 that has a tangent, overlapping, or inclusion relationship with the collider.

[0114] Alternatively, when the collider has been divided into collider elements, the present invention retains the virtual envelope 20 that has a tangent, overlapping or inclusion relationship with the collider elements.

[0115] This allows us to exclude a portion of the envelope that is irrelevant to the collider, reducing the amount of data processing required for subsequent point-to-point collisions.

[0116] Secondly, when there is a construction risk between the virtual envelope 20 and the collider, the processor 1 divides the envelope to be tested into envelope sub-units in a segmented manner.

[0117] like Figure 6 The measured envelope is divided into a first envelope sub-unit 11 and a second envelope sub-unit 12 based on the bending characteristics of the bending portion 19. Each envelope sub-unit is then pre-collided with a collider to screen for envelope sub-units with construction risks. By segmenting the data, this invention can further exclude envelope sub-units without construction risks, reducing the computational load of subsequent precision calculations.

[0118] After this step, the probability of construction risk between the obtained envelope sub-unit and the collider is extremely high. Therefore, the envelope sub-unit at this time can be collided with the collider element point by point to obtain accurate three-dimensional data of the construction risk location with the least amount of calculation.

[0119] Specifically, processor 1 performs point-to-point collisions between the envelope sub-units that pose construction risks and several collision elements to obtain a set of points that intersect with the envelope.

[0120] This invention eliminates irrelevant data within the collider by pre-colliding it with the envelope. It also eliminates data irrelevant to construction risks by dividing the envelope and pre-colliding it with the collider. Finally, it performs point-by-point collision calculations between the envelope sub-units with high effective data rates and collider elements with high effective data rates, achieving an accurate set of intersection points with minimal computational cost and high efficiency. This invention calculates construction risk locations through a layer-by-layer filtering process that eliminates invalid data, with a short calculation time, fast calculation speed, and accurate results.

[0121] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. This specification contains multiple inventive concepts; terms such as "preferredly," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally" indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept.

Claims

1. A construction collision prediction method in a three-dimensional scene, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire data on underground 3D model components and ground data in a 3D simulation scene; To address uneven ground settlement, ground curve data is collected using buildings whose ground height remains constant as references. Based on the ground data and the coordinate information of the reference object, the ground data in the current three-dimensional scene is corrected to determine the specific depth of the current underground three-dimensional model component; In a virtual 3D space, the start point, end point, and excavation depth of the construction are determined. A 2D rectangular surface is constructed based on the start and end points. A margin is set in the direction perpendicular to the 2D rectangular surface to construct a cube as a collision body. The cube is constructed based on the longest side length of the non-visible 3D model component, and the cube is an envelope. The collision body is pre-collisioned with the envelope to determine whether there is a construction risk. If there is a construction risk, several collision elements formed by the collision body are subjected to at least one collision test with the envelope to determine the set of points where the collision elements intersect with the envelope. Based on the position information of the point set, the construction location with construction risk related to the envelope is identified and displayed in a 3D manner.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset margin is increased along the second direction and the third direction, and the preset margin increased in the third direction is equal to the excavation depth.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collision test is preceded by a pre-collision step: determining the inclusion, overlap, and tangency relationships between the surfaces of the collider and the envelope, and identifying colliders that overlap or are tangential to the envelope as colliders with construction risks.

4. A collision analysis method for underground pipeline construction, characterized in that, The method includes: A construction plan is obtained to construct a collision body, the actual construction range of which is a sphere, and the collision body is a cube with the diameter of the sphere as its side length. A cube is constructed as the envelope based on the longest side length of the non-visible 3D model components; When at least one end of the envelope extends outside the construction area, the envelope is cut according to the three-dimensional cross-section of the sphere, so that the envelope is reduced to the envelope to be tested; The specific cutting method is as follows: create various tangent surfaces to the sphere along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction to cut the envelope, wherein the first and fourth tangent surfaces are horizontal planes and the second and third tangent surfaces are vertical planes; The envelope to be tested is subjected to a collision test with the collider to determine the construction location where there is a construction risk.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before conducting the collision test, the vertices at both ends of the irregular envelope to be tested within the construction area are connected to construct a virtual envelope.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The virtual envelope is pre-collisioned with the collider, and the portions of the virtual envelope that are tangent, overlapping, or contained with the collider are retained as envelope sub-units for subsequent collision testing.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the bending characteristics of the bent portion of the envelope, the envelope to be tested is divided into a first envelope sub-unit and a second envelope sub-unit. Each envelope sub-unit is then pre-collided with the collider to screen envelope sub-units that pose construction risks.

8. A method for dynamically displaying three-dimensional collision intersection data, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the 3D model components and the construction plan, construct the envelope and collision body respectively; The collider is divided into several collider elements using at least two specified distance units. The specific division steps include: firstly, performing a first segmentation on the collider using a larger first distance unit; and then, in response to a further segmentation command sent by the terminal, performing a first segmentation on the collider using a smaller second distance unit. The collision elements that pose a collision risk with the envelope are selected and collide with the envelope point by point to obtain a set of points that intersect with the envelope; in response to the operation command of the terminal with viewing needs, the collision results between the collision elements and the underground three-dimensional model components are displayed in distance units specified by the terminal.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each collision element is pre-collisioned with the envelope to determine whether the collision element and the envelope have an inclusion, overlap or tangency relationship, so as to screen out the collision elements that pose a construction risk.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of performing point-to-point collision between the collision element and the envelope includes: representing the envelope as a parametric equation, representing the collision element as a standard equation, and calculating the intersection point based on the parametric equation and the standard equation.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The parametric equation of the envelope is: ,in As the starting point of the envelope, The endpoint of the envelope; the standard equation of the collision element is: ,in A, B, C, D These are the coefficients of the collision surface.

12. A construction collision prediction system in a three-dimensional scene, comprising at least one processor, characterized in that, The processor is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-3.

13. A collision analysis system for underground pipeline construction, comprising at least one processor, characterized in that, The processor is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 4-7.

14. A dynamic display system for three-dimensional collision intersection data, comprising at least one processor and at least one portable terminal, characterized in that, The processor is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 8-11.

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