System and method for dual optical path switching for micro-interference imaging spectroscopy and bright field imaging

Abstract

The application provides a system and method for double light path switching of microscopic interference imaging spectrum and bright field imaging. In the microscopic interference imaging spectrum mode, the fluorescence generated by observing a sample is filtered by a multi-band filter box (CUBE) after passing through an infinite conjugate microscope objective, and parallel light is incident into a lateral shearing interference module. Two mutually parallel light beams obtained by the lateral shearing interference module pass through a Fourier lens group in an imaging lens, and an interference image is generated on a surface array camera. By inserting a mirror inside the lateral shearing interference structure, the interference light path is blocked, and the two coherent light beams are converted into single-path reflected light. At the same time, the multi-band filter box is removed from the microscopic light path, and a white light source is used for illumination, so that the switching from interference imaging to bright field imaging is realized. The double light path switching mode can share the illumination light path and the imaging light path, effectively utilize the space, and does not affect the layout and structure of the interference light path, thereby avoiding frequent light path adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microscopic hyperspectral imaging technology, and more specifically, to a system and method for switching between dual optical paths in microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging. Background Technology

[0002] Microscopic imaging technology is an important research tool in fields such as biomedicine, materials science, and microelectronics detection. With the increasing demands of scientific research and industrial testing, single imaging modes are no longer sufficient to meet the multi-dimensional observation needs of complex samples. Bright-field imaging is simple in structure and easy to operate, suitable for morphological observation of routine samples; fluorescence imaging technology, on the other hand, provides higher contrast and specific labeling capabilities, suitable for high-sensitivity observation of fluorescently labeled samples. Each imaging mode has its advantages in different application scenarios. How to organically integrate and rapidly switch between the two on the same microscopic platform, thereby balancing the dual needs of morphological observation and specific labeling, has become an important direction for the development of current microscopic imaging systems.

[0003] Interferometric imaging spectroscopy, as an important spectral analysis technique, can simultaneously acquire spatial and spectral information of samples, offering unique advantages in fields such as material composition identification and biological tissue analysis. However, in existing technologies, bright-field imaging and fluorescence interferometric imaging modes are often difficult to integrate into the same device. The main reasons are: firstly, switching between multiple modes usually requires replacing optical modules or readjusting the optical path, which is cumbersome and prone to introducing systematic errors, making rapid, one-click mode switching impossible; secondly, multiple imaging modes cannot share the same optical path system, resulting in a bulky and complex device with low space utilization. Therefore, how to achieve efficient switching between bright-field imaging, interferometric imaging spectroscopy, and multi-channel fluorescence imaging while ensuring high stability of the interferometric imaging spectroscopy system, and how to achieve the sharing and integration of illumination and imaging optical paths, is a pressing technical problem in the field of microscopy.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of current micro-interference imaging spectrometers, such as difficulty in effectively integrating bright-field imaging and interferometric imaging spectra, cumbersome multi-mode switching operations, and poor optical path stability, this invention proposes a method for dual optical path switching between micro-interference imaging spectrometry and bright-field imaging.

[0005] Patent application CN120970478A discloses a dual-channel interferometer switching method, switching device, and computer storage medium. The dual-channel interferometer switching method is applied to a computer device in a workpiece measurement system. First, the center position of the workpiece stage is acquired at preset time intervals. Then, based on the center position of the workpiece stage, switching adjustment parameters for the first and second interferometers are determined, wherein the switching adjustment parameters include the weights or bias values ​​of the first and second interferometers. Next, the measurement values ​​of the first and second interferometers at the current moment are acquired. Finally, based on the measurement values ​​of the first and second interferometers and the switching adjustment parameters, the actual measurement value is output. However, this patent cannot completely solve the existing technical problems, nor can it meet the needs of this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for switching between dual optical paths in microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging.

[0007] The system for switching between spectral and bright-field imaging in microscopic interferometric imaging according to the present invention includes an electric stage, a microscope objective, a multi-band LED light source, a multi-band filter box, a beam splitter, a first plane mirror, a second plane mirror, a blocking mirror, an imaging tube, an area array camera, a computing unit, an LED white light source, a condenser lens, a blocking mirror switching device, and a multi-band filter box switching device. The condenser lens is provided in the output light path of the LED white light source. The condenser lens is used to convert the light beam into a parallel light beam to illuminate the sample on the motorized stage. The microscope objective is an infinity conjugate microscope objective, which is positioned between the sample and the multi-band filter box; The multi-band LED light source excites the sample after being filtered by the multi-band filter box. The fluorescence signal generated by the sample is converted into parallel light by the microscope objective and enters the beam splitter. The multi-band filter box is removably disposed in the exit optical path of the microscope objective, and the multi-band filter box switching device is connected to the multi-band filter box and is used to drive the multi-band filter box to enter or exit the optical path. The beam-splitting prism is disposed in the outgoing optical path of the multi-band filter box, and its beam-splitting surface is at a 45-degree angle to the incident parallel beam. The first planar reflector is disposed in the reflected light path of the beam splitter; The second planar reflector is disposed in the transmission optical path of the beam splitter; The blocking mirror is disposed in the transmission optical path of the beam splitter and in front of the second plane mirror. The blocking mirror switching device is connected to the blocking mirror and is used to drive the blocking mirror to enter or exit the optical path. The imaging lens tube is equipped with a Fourier lens group, which is placed behind the outgoing light path of the beam splitter. The area array camera is placed at the focal plane of the imaging lens barrel; The computing unit is electrically connected to the area array camera, the electric stage, the blocking mirror, the blocking mirror switching device, and the multi-band filter box switching device, respectively. The computing unit is configured as follows: In bright-field imaging mode, the computing unit controls the multi-band filter box switching device to move the multi-band filter box out of the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device to insert the blocking mirror into the transmission optical path of the beam splitter, and the LED white light source is turned on. In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit controls the multi-band filter switching device to switch the multi-band filter into the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device to move the blocking mirror out of the transmission optical path of the beam splitter.

[0008] Preferably, the computing unit controls the insertion and removal actions of the blocking mirror switching device and the multi-band filter box switching device in a coordinated manner. When switching from the interferometric imaging spectral mode to the bright field imaging mode, the computing unit first controls the multi-band filter box switching device to remove the multi-band filter box from the optical path, and then controls the blocking mirror switching device to insert the blocking mirror into the transmission optical path.

[0009] Preferably, the computing unit controls the insertion and removal actions of the blocking mirror switching device and the multi-band filter box switching device in a coordinated manner. When switching from bright field imaging mode to interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit first controls the blocking mirror switching device to remove the blocking mirror from the optical path, and then controls the multi-band filter box switching device to insert the multi-band filter box into the optical path.

[0010] Preferably, the blocking reflector has a double-sided structure, with one side being a light-reflecting surface and the other side being a light-absorbing surface, and the light-absorbing surface is coated with a black matte coating; when the blocking reflector enters the optical path, the light-reflecting surface faces the transmission optical path of the beam splitter; when the blocking reflector moves out of the optical path, the light-absorbing surface faces the direction of the optical path.

[0011] Preferably, in the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit controls the electric stage to drive the sample to perform linear sweeping, and simultaneously triggers the area array camera to acquire a sequence of interferometric images. The computing unit extracts the light intensity information corresponding to the observed target from each interferometric image, reassembles it to obtain complete interferometric information, and then obtains the hyperspectral image of the observed sample through Fourier transform inversion.

[0012] Preferably, during the first imaging, the computing unit controls the blocking mirror to insert into the optical path, the multi-band filter box to move out of the optical path, and switches to bright-field imaging mode to perform microscopic focusing and auxiliary positioning of the sample; after the focusing and positioning are completed, the computing unit controls the multi-band filter box to enter the optical path, the blocking mirror to move out of the optical path, and switches to interference imaging spectral mode.

[0013] Preferably, the computing unit synchronously adjusts the exposure parameters and gain settings of the area scan camera during mode switching.

[0014] Preferably, in bright-field imaging mode, the light beam emitted by the LED white light source is converted into parallel light by the condenser lens and uniformly illuminates the sample on the motorized stage. The transmitted or reflected light from the sample is converted into parallel light by the microscope objective. The parallel light enters the beam splitter, and after being transmitted through the beam splitter, the beam reaches the blocking mirror and is reflected. After being reflected again by the beam splitter, it enters the imaging tube and forms a bright-field image on the area array camera.

[0015] Preferably, in the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the beam splitter prism laterally shears the incident parallel light into two parallel coherent beams: one reflected and one transmitted. The reflected beam first reaches the first plane mirror, then the second plane mirror, and is reflected back to the beam splitter prism. The transmitted beam first reaches the second plane mirror, then the first plane mirror, and is reflected back to the beam splitter prism. The two beams re-converge within the beam splitter prism and exit in parallel directions, entering the Fourier lens group within the imaging barrel and converging at the focal plane of the area array camera to form an interference fringe image.

[0016] Preferably, the multi-band filter box integrates multiple sets of filters with different wavelengths; the condenser lens adopts Köhler illumination.

[0017] The method for switching between spectral and bright-field imaging in microscopic interferometric imaging according to the present invention includes: In bright-field imaging mode, the computing unit controls the multi-band filter box switching device to move the multi-band filter box out of the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device to insert the blocking mirror into the transmission optical path of the beam splitter, and the LED white light source is turned on. In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit controls the multi-band filter switching device to switch the multi-band filter into the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device to move the blocking mirror out of the transmission optical path of the beam splitter.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts a dual optical path switching structure that combines a removable multi-band filter box design with an electric plane mirror insertion / removal control. In the interference imaging spectral mode, the multi-band filter box (CUBE) is inserted for fluorescence filtering, and an interference image is generated by the transverse shearing interference module. In the bright field imaging mode, the multi-band filter box is removed and an electric plane mirror is inserted to block the interference optical path, thereby achieving bright field imaging without interference fringes. It has the characteristics of fast and convenient mode switching, shared integration of illumination optical path and imaging optical path, high stability of interference system, and meeting the requirements of multi-channel fluorescence imaging. (2) By blocking the linkage switching between the reflector and the multi-band filter box, the present invention can simultaneously realize two modes of interference imaging spectrum and bright field imaging on the same microscopic platform without changing equipment or manually plugging and unplugging components, which greatly improves the operating efficiency and optical path consistency. (3) The present invention places the blocking mirror in the transmission optical path of the transverse shearing interference structure. In the bright field imaging mode, the two coherent beams are converted into a single reflected beam by inserting the mirror, which effectively eliminates the interference of interference fringes on the bright field image and ensures the clarity and brightness of the bright field imaging. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path based on the spectral mode of interferometric imaging; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path in bright-field imaging mode; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a blocking reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example This invention provides a system for switching between spectral and bright-field imaging modes in microscopic interferometric imaging. The system integrates an illumination module, a microscope objective, a filter module, an interferometric module, an imaging module, a motion module, and an optical path switching module to achieve rapid and stable switching between interferometric imaging spectral mode and bright-field imaging mode.

[0022] like Figure 1 (Interferometric imaging spectral modes) and Figure 2 As shown in the bright field imaging mode, the system includes an electric stage 1, a microscope objective 2, a multi-band LED light source 3, a multi-band filter box 4, a beam splitter 5, a first plane mirror 6, a second plane mirror 7, a blocking mirror 8, an imaging tube 9, a surface array camera 10, a computing unit 11, an LED white light source 12, a condenser lens 13, a blocking mirror switching device 14, and a multi-band filter box switching device 15.

[0023] The illumination module includes an LED white light source 12 and a condenser lens 13. The LED white light source 12 provides the illumination beam in bright-field imaging mode, and the multi-band LED light source 3 provides the excitation light in interferometric imaging spectral mode. The condenser lens 13 is positioned in the output light path of the LED white light source 12 to shape the emitted beam into parallel light, preferably using Köhler illumination, to uniformly illuminate the observation sample on the motorized stage 1. The microscope objective 2 is an infinity conjugate microscope objective, positioned between the observation sample and the subsequent optical path, to convert the beam radiated by the observation sample into parallel light for output.

[0024] The filtering module includes a multi-band filter box 4, which is removably disposed in the exit optical path of the microscope objective 2. The multi-band filter box 4 preferably integrates multiple sets of filters of different wavelengths, which can be selected and switched according to the type of fluorescent label. The multi-band filter box switching device 15 is part of the optical path switching module and is electrically driven to drive the multi-band filter box 4 into or out of the optical path.

[0025] The interference module includes a beam splitter prism 5, a first plane mirror 6, and a second plane mirror 7, forming a transverse shearing interference structure used to split incident parallel light into two parallel coherent beams. The beam splitting surface of the beam splitter prism 5 forms a 45-degree angle with the incident parallel beam, splitting the incident parallel light into two coherent beams of equal intensity: one reflected and one transmitted. The first plane mirror 6 is disposed in the reflected light path of the beam splitter prism 5, and the second plane mirror 7 is disposed in the transmitted light path of the beam splitter prism 5. The angle between the first plane mirror 6 and the second plane mirror 7 is preferably 45 degrees to ensure the parallelism and optical path difference stability of the two outgoing beams.

[0026] The imaging module includes a blocking mirror 8, an imaging tube 9, and a field array camera 10. The blocking mirror 8 is positioned in the transmission light path of the beam splitter 5, before the second plane mirror 7, and is used to reflect the light beam in bright-field imaging mode. The imaging tube 9 contains a Fourier lens group, which is placed behind the outgoing light path of the interferometer module, and is used to focus the light onto the target surface of the field array camera for image acquisition. The field array camera 10 is placed at the focal plane of the imaging tube 9, and preferably a scientific-grade CMOS field array camera is used to meet the detection requirements of weak fluorescence signals.

[0027] The motion module includes a motorized stage 1, which is used to move the sample to achieve multi-field scanning. The motorized stage 1 is preferably driven by a high-precision linear motor, combined with closed-loop control of the grating ruler, to ensure positional accuracy and repeatability during the scanning process.

[0028] The optical path switching module includes a blocking mirror switching device 14 and a multi-band filter box switching device 15. The blocking mirror switching device 14 is connected to the blocking mirror 8 and preferably adopts an electrically controlled flip-up mirror frame to drive the blocking mirror 8 to enter or move out of the optical path; the multi-band filter box switching device 15 is connected to the multi-band filter box 4.

[0029] The computing unit 11 is electrically connected to the area array camera 10, the electric stage 1, the blocking mirror 8, the blocking mirror switching device 14, and the multi-band filter box switching device 15, and controls the coordinated operation of each module in a unified manner.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the blocking mirror 8 is shown. The blocking mirror 8 adopts a double-sided structure design. One side is a light-reflecting surface 3-1, used to reflect the light beam in bright-field imaging mode, allowing the light path to enter the imaging system. The other side is a light-absorbing surface 3-2, coated with a black matte finish, used to absorb stray light in interferometric imaging spectral mode, preventing unexpected reflections from interfering with the interferometric light path. The blocking mirror 8 is mounted on a motorized flip-up mount, and its flip angle is controlled by the computing unit 11, enabling rapid switching between the light-reflecting surface 3-1 and the light-absorbing surface 3-2. When the blocking mirror 8 enters the light path, the light-reflecting surface 3-1 faces the transmission light path of the beam splitter 5, reflecting the light beam to the imaging system. When the blocking mirror 8 moves out of the light path, the light-absorbing surface 3-2 faces the light path direction, effectively eliminating the influence of stray light and ensuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the interferometric imaging.

[0031] The specific optical path and control process under the two imaging modes are described below.

[0032] In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the multi-band filter switching device 15 controls the multi-band filter 4 to enter the optical path, and the blocking mirror switching device 14 controls the blocking mirror 8 to move out of the transmission optical path of the transversely sheared interference structure. The multi-band LED light source 3 introduces excitation light through the multi-band filter 4. The fluorescence signal generated after sample excitation is converted into parallel light by the microscope objective 2 and enters the beam splitter prism 5. The beam splitter prism 5 transversely shears the incident parallel light into two parallel coherent beams: the reflected beam first reaches the first plane mirror 6, then reaches the second plane mirror 7 after reflection, and then reflects back to the beam splitter prism 5; the transmitted beam first reaches the second plane mirror 7, then reaches the first plane mirror 6 after reflection, and then reflects back to the beam splitter prism 5. After the two beams re-merge in the beam splitter prism 5, they exit in mutually parallel directions and enter the Fourier lens group in the imaging tube 9, converging at the focal plane of the area array camera 10 to form an interference fringe image.

[0033] In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit 11 controls the motorized stage 1 to move the sample in a linear sweep, while simultaneously triggering the area array camera 10 to acquire a sequence of interferometric images, obtaining interferometric images with a continuous time distribution. The sweeping method can be divided into an internal sweeping method and an external sweeping method: the internal sweeping method achieves sweeping by rotating the interferometric module, while the external sweeping method achieves it by linearly moving the motorized stage 1. The computing unit 11 extracts the light intensity information corresponding to the observed target from each interferometric image, reconstructs it to obtain complete interferometric information, and then obtains the hyperspectral image of the observed sample through Fourier transform inversion. Preferably, in this mode, high gain and a long exposure time are used to effectively acquire weak fluorescence interferometric signals.

[0034] In bright-field imaging mode, the multi-band filter box switching device 15 controls the multi-band filter box 4 to move out of the optical path, and bright-field illumination is provided by the LED white light source 12 through the condenser lens 13. At the same time, the blocking mirror switching device 14 controls the blocking mirror 8 to be inserted into the transmission optical path of the beam splitter 5. The illumination beam passes through the sample and the microscope objective 2 and enters the beam splitter 5. It is reflected by the blocking mirror 8 and enters the imaging tube 9 along a single optical path, forming a bright-field image without interference fringes on the area array camera 10, which is used for rapid sample positioning, focusing, and morphological observation. Preferably, low gain and short exposure time are used in bright-field imaging mode to avoid image saturation while obtaining a clear image of the sample morphology.

[0035] Mode switching control process: The blocking mirror switching device 14 and the multi-band filter box switching device 15 are synchronously controlled by the computing unit 11, and their insertion and removal actions are linked. When the system switches from interferometric imaging spectral mode to bright-field imaging mode, the computing unit 11 first controls the multi-band filter box switching device 15 to remove the multi-band filter box 4 from the optical path, and then controls the blocking mirror switching device 14 to insert the blocking mirror 8 into the transmission optical path to avoid stray light interference with image acquisition during the switching process. When the system switches back from bright-field imaging mode to interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit 11 first controls the blocking mirror switching device 14 to remove the blocking mirror 8 from the optical path, and then controls the multi-band filter box switching device 15 to insert the multi-band filter box 4 into the optical path. The switching between the two imaging modes is uniformly controlled by the computing unit 11, and the user can complete the mode switching with one click through the software interface. During the switching process, the computing unit 11 also synchronously adjusts the exposure parameters and gain settings of the area array camera 10 to ensure that the image quality in both modes reaches the optimal level.

[0036] In practical use, the sample can first be microscopically focused and assisted in positioning in bright-field imaging mode. After focusing and positioning are completed, the system can then switch to interferometric imaging spectral mode for spectral data acquisition. During the first imaging, the computing unit 11 controls the blocking mirror 8 to insert into the optical path and the multi-band filter box 4 to move out of the optical path, switching to bright-field imaging mode. After focusing and positioning are completed, the computing unit 11 controls the multi-band filter box 4 to enter the optical path and the blocking mirror 8 to move out of the optical path, switching to interferometric imaging spectral mode. Subsequently, the motorized stage 1 is controlled to drive the sample in a linear sweep, and the area array camera 10 simultaneously acquires the interferometric image sequence. Finally, the computing unit 11 performs Fourier transform data processing on the interferometric image sequence to obtain the spectral reconstruction information of the observed target.

[0037] This invention achieves both interferometric imaging and bright-field imaging modes simultaneously on the same microscopic platform by linking a blocking mirror with a multi-band filter box. This eliminates the need to change equipment or manually insert / remove optical components, significantly improving operational efficiency and optical path consistency. By placing the blocking mirror in the transmission optical path of the transversely sheared interference structure, inserting this mirror in bright-field imaging mode converts two coherent beams into a single reflected beam, effectively eliminating interference fringes and ensuring the clarity and brightness of the bright-field image. The dual optical path switching mode in this invention allows for the sharing of both the illumination and imaging optical paths, effectively utilizing space without affecting the layout and structure of the interferometric optical path, thus avoiding frequent optical path adjustments.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0039] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A system for switching between spectral and bright-field imaging in microscopic interferometric imaging, characterized in that, It includes an electric stage (1), a microscope objective (2), a multi-band LED light source (3), a multi-band filter box (4), a beam splitter (5), a first plane mirror (6), a second plane mirror (7), a blocking mirror (8), an imaging tube (9), an area array camera (10), a computing unit (11), an LED white light source (12), a condenser lens (13), a blocking mirror switching device (14), and a multi-band filter box switching device (15); The LED white light source (12) is provided with a condenser lens (13) in the output light path. The condenser lens (13) is used to convert the light beam into a parallel light beam to illuminate the sample on the electric stage (1). The microscope objective (2) is an infinity conjugate microscope objective, which is positioned between the sample and the multi-band filter box (4); The multi-band LED light source (3) excites the sample after being filtered by the multi-band filter box (4). The fluorescence signal generated by the sample is converted into parallel light by the microscope objective (2) and enters the beam splitter (5). The multi-band filter box (4) is removably disposed in the outgoing light path of the microscope objective (2). The multi-band filter box switching device (15) is connected to the multi-band filter box (4) and is used to drive the multi-band filter box (4) to enter or exit the light path. The beam splitter (5) is disposed in the outgoing optical path of the multi-band filter box (4), and its beam splitting surface is at a 45-degree angle to the incident parallel beam. The first planar reflector (6) is disposed in the reflected light path of the beam splitter (5); The second plane mirror (7) is disposed in the transmission optical path of the beam splitter (5); The blocking mirror (8) is disposed in the transmission light path of the beam splitter (5) and in front of the second plane mirror (7). The blocking mirror switching device (14) is connected to the blocking mirror (8) and is used to drive the blocking mirror (8) to enter or exit the light path. The imaging tube (9) is equipped with a Fourier lens group, which is placed behind the outgoing light path of the beam splitter (5). The area array camera (10) is placed at the focal plane of the imaging lens barrel (9); The computing unit (11) is electrically connected to the area array camera (10), the electric stage (1), the blocking mirror (8), the blocking mirror switching device (14), and the multi-band filter box switching device (15), respectively. The computing unit (11) is configured as follows: In bright field imaging mode, the computing unit (11) controls the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to move the multi-band filter box (4) out of the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) to insert the blocking mirror (8) into the transmission optical path of the beam splitter (5), and the LED white light source (12) is turned on. In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit (11) controls the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to cut the multi-band filter box (4) into the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) to move the blocking mirror (8) out of the transmission optical path of the beam splitter (5).

2. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The computing unit (11) controls the insertion and removal actions of the blocking mirror switching device (14) and the multi-band filter box switching device (15) in a coordinated manner. When switching from the interference imaging spectral mode to the bright field imaging mode, the computing unit (11) first controls the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to remove the multi-band filter box (4) from the optical path, and then controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) to insert the blocking mirror (8) into the transmission optical path.

3. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The computing unit (11) controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) and the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to move in and out in a coordinated manner. When switching from bright field imaging mode to interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit (11) first controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) to move the blocking mirror (8) out of the optical path, and then controls the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to switch the multi-band filter box (4) into the optical path.

4. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking mirror (8) has a double-sided structure, with one side being a light-reflecting surface (3-1) and the other side being a light-absorbing surface (3-2). The light-absorbing surface (3-2) is coated with a black matte coating. When the blocking mirror (8) enters the light path, the light-reflecting surface (3-1) faces the transmission light path of the beam splitter (5). When the blocking mirror (8) moves out of the light path, the light-absorbing surface (3-2) faces the direction of the light path.

5. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit (11) controls the electric stage (1) to drive the sample to perform linear sweeping, and simultaneously triggers the area array camera (10) to acquire the interferometric image sequence. The computing unit (11) extracts the light intensity information corresponding to the observed target from each interferometric image, reassembles it to obtain complete interferometric information, and then obtains the hyperspectral image of the observed sample through Fourier transform inversion. The computing unit (11) synchronously adjusts the exposure parameters and gain settings of the area array camera (10) during the mode switching process.

6. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the first imaging, the computing unit (11) controls the blocking mirror (8) to be inserted into the optical path, the multi-band filter box (4) to be removed from the optical path, and switches to bright field imaging mode to perform microscopic focusing and auxiliary positioning of the sample; after the focusing and positioning are completed, the computing unit (11) controls the multi-band filter box (4) to be inserted into the optical path, the blocking mirror (8) to be removed from the optical path, and switches to interference imaging spectral mode.

7. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In bright-field imaging mode, the light beam emitted from the LED white light source (12) is converted into parallel light by the condenser lens (13) and uniformly illuminates the sample on the motorized stage (1). The transmitted or reflected light of the sample is converted into parallel light by the microscope objective (2). The parallel light enters the beam splitter (5). After being transmitted through the beam splitter (5), the light beam reaches the blocking mirror (8) and is reflected. After being reflected again by the beam splitter (5), it enters the imaging tube (9) and forms a bright-field image on the area array camera (10).

8. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the beam splitter (5) laterally shears the incident parallel light into two parallel coherent beams: one reflected and one transmitted. The reflected beam first reaches the first plane mirror (6), then reaches the second plane mirror (7) after reflection, and then is reflected back to the beam splitter (5). The transmitted beam first reaches the second plane mirror (7), then reaches the first plane mirror (6) after reflection, and then is reflected back to the beam splitter (5). The two beams re-converge in the beam splitter (5) and exit in parallel directions, entering the Fourier lens group in the imaging tube (9) and converging at the focal plane of the area array camera (10) to form an interference fringe image.

9. The system for dual optical path switching of microscopic interferometric imaging spectroscopy and bright-field imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-band filter box (4) integrates multiple sets of filters with different wavelengths; the condenser lens (13) adopts Köhler illumination.

10. A method for switching between spectral and bright-field imaging in microscopic interferometric imaging, characterized in that, Based on the system of claim 1, the method includes: In bright field imaging mode, the computing unit (11) controls the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to move the multi-band filter box (4) out of the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) to insert the blocking mirror (8) into the transmission optical path of the beam splitter (5), and the LED white light source (12) is turned on. In the interferometric imaging spectral mode, the computing unit (11) controls the multi-band filter box switching device (15) to cut the multi-band filter box (4) into the optical path, and controls the blocking mirror switching device (14) to move the blocking mirror (8) out of the transmission optical path of the beam splitter (5).

Images