Vital signs data monitoring system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vital sign data monitoring system and method.The vital sign data monitoring system includes data acquisition terminal, mobile terminal device, receiving device and multiple wireless relay units;Data acquisition terminal is arranged in radiotherapy room and is wirelessly connected with mobile terminal device, for acquiring the vital sign data of user and sending vital sign data to mobile terminal device;Mobile terminal device is used to process vital sign data to obtain broadcast data packet and broadcast broadcast data packet to surrounding;Multiple wireless relay units are respectively arranged at the physical corner of radiotherapy room and protection corridor, for forwarding received broadcast data packet in the form of flooding routing;Receiving device is arranged in outdoor control area, for receiving and processing broadcast data packet, to output vital sign data.In the present application, vital sign data can be effectively transmitted from treatment room to outdoor control area, reducing the occurrence of packet loss and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a vital signs data monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] During radiotherapy, patients need to remain in the highly radiation-shielded treatment room for extended periods. Real-time monitoring of vital signs (such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate) is of significant clinical value in ensuring treatment safety. However, the unique physical environment of radiotherapy rooms presents significant challenges to traditional monitoring techniques. Currently, vital sign monitoring in radiotherapy rooms primarily employs the following two methods: (1) Wired monitoring method: A desktop monitor is deployed next to the treatment bed and connected to the patient via a long cable. The signal is transmitted to the control panel in the outdoor control area via the cable. This method has obvious drawbacks: First, the cable restricts the multi-degree-of-freedom movement of the treatment bed, and frequent pulling can easily damage the interface; second, the cable itself may become a source of scattering, affecting the dose distribution.

[0003] (2) Traditional wireless monitoring method: Medical-grade Wi-Fi or point-to-point Bluetooth technology is used to send the signals corresponding to the collected vital signs data directly to the fixed receiving base station in the treatment room, and then transmit them back to the outdoor control area through the hospital's local area network. However, radiotherapy rooms usually use concrete shielding walls with a thickness of 1.5 to 2 meters and have maze-like protective corridors. Existing medical-grade Wi-Fi or point-to-point Bluetooth technologies mostly use a line-of-sight propagation mode, which causes the signal to be severely attenuated when penetrating such a thick concrete shielding wall. As a result, a large number of packets are lost, delayed or even interrupted during the transmission of physiological signals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vital signs data monitoring system and method to overcome the wall shielding of the radiotherapy room and realize reliable transmission of vital signs data from the radiotherapy room to the outdoor control area.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vital signs data monitoring system. The vital signs data monitoring system is applied to a target area, the target area including a treatment room and an outdoor control area, the treatment room including a radiotherapy room and a protective corridor, and the vital signs data monitoring system including a data acquisition terminal, a mobile terminal device, a receiving device, and multiple wireless relay units; The data acquisition terminal is located in the radiotherapy room and is wirelessly connected to the mobile terminal device. The data acquisition terminal is used to collect the user's vital signs data and send the vital signs data to the mobile terminal device. The mobile terminal device is used to process the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcast the broadcast data packets to the surrounding wireless relay units; Multiple wireless relay units are respectively located at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor. The multiple wireless relay units are used to forward the received broadcast data packets in a flooding routing manner, so as to transmit the broadcast data packets to the receiving device through multiple paths in parallel. The receiving device is located in the outdoor control area and is used to receive and process the broadcast data packets to output the corresponding vital signs data.

[0006] In one implementation of the first aspect, the data acquisition terminal is a fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal, which includes a circuit board, a protective cover, a light emitting unit, and a photoelectric conversion unit. The protective cover is disposed on the circuit board and has a receiving cavity with a first opening on the side. The light emitting unit and the photoelectric conversion unit are disposed at the bottom of the receiving cavity and are electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0007] In one implementation of the first aspect, the protective cover includes a metal shield and a transparent conductive glass, wherein the metal shield and the transparent conductive glass are securely connected to form a receiving cavity with a first opening on the side.

[0008] In one implementation of the first aspect, at least one wireless relay unit is provided at each physical corner of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor.

[0009] In one implementation of the first aspect, the data acquisition terminal establishes a wireless communication connection with the mobile terminal device via Bluetooth Low Energy peer-to-peer mode; the mobile terminal device, multiple wireless relay units, and the receiving device together constitute a Bluetooth Mesh network; wherein the mobile terminal device is a publishing node, and the receiving device is a subscribing node.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for monitoring vital signs data. The method is applied to the vital signs data monitoring system described above, and includes: Vital signs data are collected by a data acquisition terminal and transmitted to a mobile terminal device wirelessly; wherein the data acquisition terminal is located in the radiotherapy room; The mobile terminal device processes the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcasts the broadcast data packets to the surrounding wireless relay units. The broadcast data packets are forwarded via flooding routing through multiple wireless relay units to transmit the broadcast data packets to the receiving device through multiple parallel paths; wherein, the multiple wireless relay units are respectively distributed at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor; The broadcast data packets are received and processed by a receiving device to output the corresponding vital signs data; wherein the receiving device is located in an outdoor control area.

[0011] In one implementation of the second aspect, the mobile terminal device processes the vital signs data to obtain a broadcast data packet and broadcasts the broadcast data packet to the surrounding area, including: If the data volume of the broadcast data packet exceeds the preset capacity, the broadcast data packet is divided into multiple segment packets; wherein the data volume of each segment packet in the multiple segment packets does not exceed the preset number of bytes; Each segment packet in the plurality of segment packets is assigned a unique index number and check code, and each segment packet in the plurality of segment packets is marked with the same periodic sequence number; Each of the multiple segmented packets is broadcast.

[0012] In one implementation of the second aspect, the broadcast data packet is received and processed by a receiving device to output the corresponding vital sign data, including: Receive multiple segmented packets from different transmission paths that have the same period sequence number to obtain a segmented packet set; Duplicate packets in the segmented packet set are identified and discarded using the index number to obtain multiple target packets; The integrity of the multiple target packets is verified based on the index number and the check code. If the integrity check passes, the multiple target packets are reassembled into continuous data in order of index number to output the corresponding medical-grade waveforms and vital sign data. If the integrity check fails, an interpolation algorithm is used to fill in the gaps, and the corresponding medical-grade waveform and vital sign data are output.

[0013] In one implementation of the second aspect, the mobile terminal device processes the vital signs data to obtain a broadcast data packet and broadcasts the broadcast data packet to the surroundings, including: encapsulating the vital signs data into a Mesh broadcast data packet with a survival time value, and broadcasting the Mesh broadcast data packet to the surroundings; Correspondingly, the broadcast data packets are forwarded via multiple wireless relay units using a flooding routing method, including: After receiving the Mesh broadcast data packet, each wireless relay unit determines whether the Mesh broadcast data packet meets preset conditions, including: a time-to-live value greater than zero; If the preset conditions are met, the time-to-live value is decremented by one and the Mesh broadcast data packet is forwarded again using flood routing. If the preset conditions are not met, the Mesh broadcast data packet is discarded.

[0014] In one implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes: A wireless communication connection is established between the data acquisition terminal and the mobile terminal device via Bluetooth Low Energy point-to-point method; The mobile terminal device, the receiving device, and multiple wireless relay units are all added to the same Bluetooth Mesh network, wherein the wireless relay unit is a relay node; In the Bluetooth Mesh network, a group address is configured as the vital signs data group address; The mobile terminal device is set as the publisher to broadcast data packets to the vital signs data group address; The receiving device is set as a subscriber to subscribe to the vital signs data group address and receive the broadcast data packets.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By arranging data acquisition terminals and mobile terminal devices in the radiotherapy room, wireless relay units are respectively arranged at each physical corner of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor, and receiving devices are arranged in the outdoor control area, a complete wireless communication link from the radiotherapy room to the outdoor control area is constructed. Based on this, the vital sign data collected by the data acquisition terminals, after being processed by the mobile terminal devices, is forwarded via wireless relay units in a flooding routing manner. This flooding routing method does not rely on a preset single path, but rather enables each wireless relay unit to broadcast to all surrounding nodes (such as wireless relay units) after receiving the broadcast data packet, thus forming multi-path parallel transmission. When the signal attenuates on a certain transmission path due to concrete wall obstruction or electromagnetic interference, other paths can still maintain the effective transmission of broadcast data packets, reducing data packet loss or transmission interruption caused by single-path failure. Furthermore, because corresponding wireless relay units are deployed at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room and protective corridor, the signal (i.e., broadcast data packets) can propagate along the protective corridor by turning around, rather than forcibly penetrating the concrete wall, by utilizing the reflection and diffraction characteristics of electromagnetic waves. This allows the signal to gradually bypass the concrete shielding wall and achieve non-line-of-sight transmission, effectively alleviating the signal blockage problem caused by the concrete shielding wall and the maze-like protective corridor in the radiotherapy room. In addition, when the broadcast data packets are forwarded using the flooding routing method, the broadcast data packets are relayed hop by hop by the wireless relay units. Each hop only needs to cover the adjacent nodes (usually located within the line-of-sight range of the same radiotherapy room or protective corridor), without needing to penetrate the thick concrete wall in a single pass. This transforms the long-distance wall penetration requirement into a combination of multiple short-distance line-of-sight transmissions, effectively reducing the signal attenuation of each hop link. As a result, broadcast data packets can gradually advance along the maze-like passages of the radiotherapy room and protective corridor, reaching the outdoor control area after multiple short-distance relays, and finally being completely captured by the receiving device. This effectively avoids the severe attenuation or complete interruption of the signal caused by attempting to directly penetrate the thick wall, ensuring the continuous and reliable transmission of vital sign data in a strongly shielded environment and reducing packet loss. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application of a vital signs data monitoring system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention in a top-down view.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of a vital signs data monitoring system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention in a stereoscopic view.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition terminal in one state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition terminal disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention in another state.

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the data acquisition terminal from another perspective.

[0021] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the structure of a data acquisition terminal disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of another structure of a data acquisition terminal disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 The image shows a top view of the data acquisition terminal.

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the data acquisition terminal.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition terminal disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention with some parts of the structure hidden.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition terminal disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention after another part of the structure has been hidden.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a system architecture diagram of a vital signs data monitoring system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of a method for monitoring vital signs data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Label Explanation: 1. Target area; 11. Radiotherapy room; 12. Protective corridor; 13. Outdoor control area; 14. Radiation shielding wall; 15. Protective shielding door; 2. Data acquisition terminal; 21. Housing; 211. Upper housing; 212. Lower housing; 213. Second opening; 22. Circuit board; 23. Metal shielding cover; 231. First opening; 24. Light emitting unit; 25. Photoelectric conversion unit; 26. Transparent conductive glass; 27. Battery; 28. Shaft pin; 29. ​​Torsion spring; 3. Mobile terminal devices; 4. Receiving device; 5. Wireless repeater unit; 6. Treatment bed; 7. Radiation therapy head. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0031] First, to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the relevant technologies are described below: With the rapid development of radiotherapy technology, modern radiotherapy has moved from simple morphological guidance into a new stage of high precision and refinement. The widespread use of techniques such as image-guided radiotherapy and emerging bio-guided radiotherapy has made pre-treatment positioning and real-time monitoring increasingly complex. Due to the extreme pursuit of lesion localization accuracy by these high-end devices, the beam-on time for a single treatment and the total time patients spend in the treatment room have significantly increased. For elderly patients, patients with weak cardiopulmonary function, or those undergoing complex field placement protocols, fluctuations in real-time vital signs data (such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate) during treatments lasting tens of minutes have significant clinical monitoring value.

[0032] The inventors learned that there are two main methods for monitoring vital signs in radiotherapy rooms: First, a wired monitoring method: a desktop monitor is deployed next to the treatment bed and connected to the patient via a long cable. The signal is transmitted to an outdoor control panel display screen through a cable bundle passing through the wall in the equipment room or a dedicated optical fiber. Second, a fixed wireless transmission method: using traditional medical-grade Wi-Fi (such as the WMTS band) or point-to-point Bluetooth technology, the collected signal is directly transmitted to a fixed receiving base station installed on a ceiling or wall, and then transmitted back through the hospital's local area network.

[0033] However, although the above-mentioned approach has been used in radiotherapy, it has the following drawbacks in increasingly common high-end radiotherapy settings (especially proton and heavy ion therapy): (1) Challenges of cable confinement and maintenance under complex multidimensional motion: In proton and heavy ion therapy, in order to achieve precise field placement, the treatment bed usually has six degrees of freedom of spatial movement capability and a large movement range. The existing fixed cable device greatly limits the coordinate movement range of the treatment bed, and frequent physical pulling can easily lead to damage or poor contact of sensor interfaces. In addition, the laying and regular disinfection and replacement of cables in the machine room are extremely inconvenient, and the cable bundle itself may become a scattering source in the radiation field, affecting the accuracy of dose distribution.

[0034] (2) Signal "dead zones" and severe attenuation caused by ultra-thick shielding structure: To shield high-energy radiation, the walls of radiotherapy rooms are usually between 1.5 and 2 meters thick, and often include a maze-like protective corridor structure. Existing wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi or traditional Bluetooth mostly use a line-of-sight propagation mode. Under such thick concrete and lead shielding, signal attenuation is severe. Especially at the turns (i.e., physical corners) of the maze-like protective corridor, the signal is prone to severe multipath effects and path loss, resulting in frequent packet loss, delays, or even complete interruption of data received by the outdoor control console, which cannot meet the safety requirements of real-time clinical monitoring.

[0035] (3) Insufficient signal robustness in high-noise radiation environments: Linear accelerators or proton and heavy ion generators will generate strong high-frequency electromagnetic pulse interference during operation. Ordinary wireless monitoring equipment lacks targeted physical anti-interference structures. At the moment the beam is turned on, the pulse noise often masks the weak pulse wave signal, leading to false alarms or incorrect readings.

[0036] (4) The contradiction between long-distance transmission and real-time performance: The physical distance from the treatment center to the outdoor control area console is relatively long. If the transmission power is increased to penetrate the shield, additional electromagnetic compatibility risks will be introduced; if the power is kept low, it is impossible to stably cover the entire process. There is a lack of a flexible transmission mechanism that can ensure low radiation power consumption and bypass physical obstacles to achieve reliable relay.

[0037] To at least address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a radiation-resistant wireless vital signs data monitoring solution. This solution constructs a distributed wireless relay sensor network at key nodes in the radiotherapy room, protective corridor, and outdoor control area. Utilizing the reflection and diffraction characteristics of electromagnetic waves (i.e., Bluetooth signals) in maze-like spaces, it effectively avoids direct signal blockage by shielding walls, establishing a stable data transmission link from the high-radiation area to the safe control area.

[0038] The technical solutions according to the present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of a vital signs data monitoring system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The vital signs data monitoring system is applied to target area 1, which includes a treatment room and an outdoor control area 13. The treatment room includes a radiotherapy room 11 and a protective corridor 12. The system includes a data acquisition terminal 2, a mobile terminal device 3, a receiving device 4, and multiple wireless relay units 5.

[0040] The data acquisition terminal 2 is located in the radiotherapy room 11 and is wirelessly connected to the mobile terminal device 3. The data acquisition terminal 2 is used to collect the user's vital signs data and send the vital signs data to the mobile terminal device 3. The mobile terminal device 3 is used to process the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcast the broadcast data packets to the surrounding wireless relay units 5; Multiple wireless relay units 5 are respectively located at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12. The multiple wireless relay units 5 are used to forward the received broadcast data packets in a flooding routing manner, so as to transmit the broadcast data packets to the receiving device 4 through multiple paths in parallel. The receiving device 4 is located in the outdoor control area 13 and is used to receive and process the broadcast data packets to output the corresponding vital signs data.

[0041] As described above, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By arranging a data acquisition terminal 2 and a mobile terminal device 3 within the radiotherapy room 11, and wireless relay units 5 correspondingly arranged at various physical corners within the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12, and a receiving device 4 arranged in the outdoor control area 13, a complete wireless communication link is constructed from the radiotherapy room 11 to the outdoor control area 13. Based on this, the vital sign data collected by the data acquisition terminal 2, after being processed by the mobile terminal device 3, is forwarded via the wireless relay units 5 using a flooding routing method. This flooding routing method does not rely on a preset single path, but rather allows each wireless relay unit 5 to broadcast to all surrounding nodes (such as wireless relay units 5) after receiving the broadcast data packet, thereby forming multi-path parallel transmission. When a transmission path experiences signal attenuation due to concrete wall obstruction or electromagnetic interference, other paths can still maintain the effective transmission of broadcast data packets, reducing data packet loss or transmission interruption caused by single-path failure. Furthermore, since corresponding wireless relay units 5 are deployed at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12, the signal (i.e., broadcast data packets) can be propagated along the protective corridor 12 by turning around, rather than forcibly penetrating the concrete wall, by utilizing the reflection and diffraction characteristics of electromagnetic waves. This allows the signal to gradually bypass the concrete shielding wall along the protective corridor 12 to achieve non-line-of-sight transmission, thereby effectively alleviating the signal blockage problem caused by the concrete shielding wall and the maze-like protective corridor 12 in the radiotherapy room 11. In addition, when the broadcast data packets are forwarded using the flooding routing method, the broadcast data packets are relayed hop by hop by the wireless relay units 5. Each hop only needs to cover the adjacent nodes (usually located within the line-of-sight range of the same radiotherapy room 11 or protective corridor 12), without needing to penetrate the thick concrete wall once. This transforms the long-distance wall penetration requirement into a combination of multiple short-distance line-of-sight transmissions, effectively reducing the signal attenuation of each hop link. Thus, the broadcast data packets can gradually advance along the maze-like passages inside the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12, and reach the outdoor control area 13 after multiple short-distance relays. Finally, they are completely captured by the receiving device 4, thereby effectively avoiding the severe attenuation or complete interruption of the signal caused by attempting to directly penetrate the thick wall. This ensures the continuous and reliable transmission of vital sign data in a strongly shielded environment and reduces packet loss.

[0042] The following combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The target area 1, data acquisition terminal 2, mobile terminal device 3, receiving device 4, multiple wireless relay units 5, and other optional devices are described in detail.

[0043] like Figure 1 as well as Figure 2As shown, the target area 1 includes a treatment room and an outdoor control area 13. The treatment room includes a radiotherapy room 11 and a protective corridor 12. The radiotherapy room 11 is roughly rectangular and can house a treatment bed 6, a radiotherapy head 7, a data acquisition terminal 2, and a mobile terminal device 3, etc., for users to perform radiotherapy. The protective corridor 12 can be multiple continuous L-shaped protective corridors 12 for attenuating scattered radiation. It should be noted that one end of the protective corridor 12 connects to the radiotherapy room 11, and the other end has a protective shielding door 15, which serves as the entrance and exit of the treatment room. To further shield radiation, a corresponding radiation shielding wall 14 can also be installed. The specific location of the radiation shielding wall 14 can be selected according to the actual situation and is not limited here. Figure 2 As shown, a radiation shielding wall 14 can be installed in the space between the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12.

[0044] Furthermore, since the 1.5m-2m thick concrete shielding wall has a near 100% signal blocking effect, the signal cannot penetrate the wall. In order to effectively transmit the signal, the present invention sets up multiple wireless relay units 5 in the treatment room, and the specific locations of the multiple wireless relay units 5 can be arranged as follows.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, at least one wireless relay unit 5 is provided at each physical corner of the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12. It should be noted that in practical applications, such as... Figure 1 As shown, since the radiotherapy room 11 is roughly rectangular with four physical corners, a wireless relay unit 5 can be installed at each of the four physical corners of the radiotherapy room 11. Similarly, the protective corridor 12 has two physical corners, so a wireless relay unit 5 can be installed at each of the two physical corners of the protective corridor 12. It should be noted that the number of nodes in the wireless relay unit 5 depends on the length of the maze passage, the number of turns, and the reflection coefficient of the wall surface, and is not limited here.

[0046] In practical applications, concrete walls almost completely block signals (such as 2.4GHz signals), causing signals to propagate along the corridor and change direction at corners. Therefore, this invention deploys wireless relay units 5 at each corner to ensure reliable reception and continued forwarding of signals each time the direction changes. This reduces signal propagation blind spots, forms a continuous relay transmission link, and allows data to gradually travel along the protective corridor 12 to reach the outdoor control area 13. This ensures that data packets cover the next wireless relay unit 5 in each hop, maintaining the continuity of multi-hop relay transmission and avoiding communication interruptions caused by corner obstructions.

[0047] The data acquisition terminal 2 is wirelessly connected to the mobile terminal device 3, and is used to collect the user's vital sign data and send the vital sign data to the mobile terminal device 3. It should be noted that the data acquisition terminal 2 can be selected according to different actual situations. For example, if it is necessary to collect the user's heart rate and blood oxygen data, the data acquisition terminal 2 can be a fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal. In practical applications, the fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal may include components such as a housing 21, a circuit board 22, a battery 27, a photoelectric sensor assembly, and a protective cover. The following will describe the fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal in detail.

[0048] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the outer casing 21 includes an upper casing 211 and a lower casing 212, which are rotatably connected by a pivot pin 28. Furthermore, to facilitate clamping the fingertip oxygenation terminal onto the finger and reduce the likelihood of it falling off, a torsion spring 29 can be fitted onto the outer wall of the pivot pin 28 to provide clamping force. One end of the torsion spring 29 abuts against the inner wall of the upper casing 211, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the lower casing 212. Additionally, as... Figure 3 As shown, a second opening 213 can also be provided on the side wall of both the upper housing 211 and the lower housing 212 at the end away from the shaft pin 28, so that a finger can be inserted. In practical applications, to smoothly insert the finger into the housing through the second opening 213 for data collection, the end of the upper housing 211 near the torsion spring 29 can be pressed to position the fingertip blood oxygen collection terminal as follows: Figure 4 The state of the device. It should also be noted that the present invention can also provide a soft pad on the inner side (the surface in contact with the fingers) of the upper and lower shells 212 to both block light and improve wearing comfort.

[0049] like Figure 7 as well as Figure 9 As shown, circuit board 22 and battery 27 are disposed in the cavity of the lower housing 212, with battery 27 located below and electrically connected to circuit board 22 to supply power to circuit board 22. Circuit board 22 integrates components such as a main control chip, Bluetooth module, and sensor analog front-end. Based on this, the collected photocurrent is amplified, filtered, and converted from analog to digital by the analog front-end. The main control chip then calculates blood oxygen saturation and heart rate, and finally transmits the data to the mobile terminal device 3 via Bluetooth low-power point-to-point communication through the Bluetooth module. In practical applications, to achieve circuit-level hardening and prevent data errors and system crashes, a high dynamic range front-end analog chip can be selected in the sensor analog front-end to prevent signal saturation due to radiation. Once the main control chip detects a program crash caused by neutron radiation, it immediately resets the system to ensure uninterrupted monitoring.

[0050] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 As shown, the photoelectric sensor assembly includes a light emitting unit 24 and a photoelectric conversion unit 25 disposed on a circuit board 22 within the lower housing 212. The light emitting unit 24 includes light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which contain both red and infrared light sources, i.e., red LEDs and infrared LEDs, which alternately illuminate the finger. The photoelectric conversion unit 25 can be a photodiode (PD), which receives residual light signals that have not been absorbed after penetrating the finger tissue and converts them into a weak photocurrent. In practical applications, the relative positions of the LED and the photodiode can vary, resulting in two structures: transmissive and reflective. In the transmissive structure, the LED and the photodiode are located on opposite sides of the finger (i.e., the finger's placement position). The light emitted by the LED penetrates the nail and fingertip tissue, and the unabsorbed photons directly illuminate the photodiode. In a reflective structure, the light-emitting diode (LED) and the photodiode (PDD) are located on the same side of the finger (i.e., the finger's placement position) (e.g., the bottom). Light emitted from the LED is scattered after entering the tissue, and some of the scattered light is reflected back and captured by the adjacent PDD. In other words, light enters the tissue, is scattered, and reflected back, where it is captured by the adjacent PDD. For example... Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 As shown, when a reflective structure is adopted, the light-emitting diode and the photodiode are arranged side by side on the circuit board 22 and located at the bottom of the finger placement position, and the vital signs data are collected by utilizing the scattering characteristics of light in the tissue.

[0051] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the protective cover is disposed on the circuit board. The protective cover has a receiving cavity with a first side opening 231. The light emitting unit 24 and the photoelectric conversion unit 25 are disposed at the bottom of the receiving cavity and electrically connected to the circuit board 22. Based on this, by electrically connecting the light-emitting diode to the circuit board to obtain the driving current, the light-emitting diode can alternately emit red light and infrared light; the photodiode can transmit the sensed weak photocurrent to the analog front-end and other modules for subsequent processing through the signal lines on the circuit board. It should be noted that the protective cover is a Faraday cage, which is a closed or nearly closed shell structure made of conductive material, used to block the interference of external electrostatic or electromagnetic fields on the internal space, and also to prevent internal electromagnetic signals from leaking outward.

[0052] In practical applications, such as Figure 10As shown, the protective cover may include a metal shield 23 and a transparent conductive glass 26. The bottom end of the transparent conductive glass 26 is mounted on the circuit board 22, and the inner wall of the metal shield 23 is fitted onto the outer wall of the transparent conductive glass 26, with the bottom end of the metal shield 23 abutting against the circuit board 22. Based on this, by nesting the metal shield 23 and the transparent conductive glass 26, a complete, nearly omnidirectionally closed conductive protective cover is formed, collectively constituting a miniature Faraday cage. The metal shield 23 can be grounded via a grounding wire, and the transparent conductive glass 26 is electrically connected to the grounding wire of the metal shield 23, thereby dissipating the shielded electrons to prevent interference with the operation of surrounding circuit boards. Furthermore, to facilitate testing by inserting fingers or other objects into the cavity within the protective cover, such as... Figure 9 As shown, a first opening 231 corresponding to the second opening 213 can be provided on the protective cover, that is, the metal shield 23 and the transparent conductive glass 26 together form a receiving cavity with the first opening 231 on the side.

[0053] Furthermore, since both the light-emitting diode (LED) and the photodiode are mounted on and electrically connected to the circuit board 22, to ensure that the red and infrared light emitted by the LED can effectively illuminate the finger tissue and that the photodiode can effectively receive the light signal reflected back after being scattered by the tissue, thus accurately measuring blood oxygen saturation and heart rate, the lower half of the protective cover is made of transparent conductive glass 26. Figure 11 As shown, the bottom of the transparent conductive glass 26 has three through holes extending along the finger placement direction. Two of these through holes, near the first opening 231, are used to house light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and the remaining through hole is used to house a photodiode. Because the transparent conductive glass 26 is transparent, the red and infrared light emitted by the LEDs can pass through it unimpeded and illuminate the finger tissue, allowing the photodiode to effectively capture the light signals reflected back after being scattered by the tissue. Furthermore, the transparent conductive glass 26 is also conductive. Based on this, by electrically connecting the transparent conductive glass 26 to the grounding wire of the metal shield 23, the current induced by external radio frequency electromagnetic interference is quickly discharged to the ground, reducing interference entering the photodiode.

[0054] It should be noted that the protective cover is a radiation shielding structure. In practical applications, fingertip blood oxygen collection terminals are usually used in radiotherapy environments. To cope with the interference of high-energy rays and electromagnetic pulses in the radiotherapy environment, on the one hand, a metal shield 23 made of high atomic number materials (such as tungsten alloy or lead) can be wrapped around the photodiode; on the other hand, the metal shield 23 and the transparent conductive glass 26 can be combined to form a nearly closed shell structure, which can effectively attenuate the scattered rays.

[0055] Specifically, the shield is able to effectively attenuate scattered photons and secondary electrons mainly due to the use of high atomic number, high density materials (such as tungsten alloy or lead) in its metal shield 23, as well as its almost integral encapsulation structure design: on the one hand, the high density material (i.e., the metal shield 23) strongly absorbs the energy of high-energy photons through the photoelectric effect and Compton scattering, and rapidly captures high-speed secondary electrons through dense atomic nucleus collisions, causing them to lose energy in a very short distance and thus be unable to penetrate; on the other hand, the encapsulation (such as cup-shaped) structure of the shield retains the first opening 231 only on the finger side, so that it can block interference radiation that is not required for measurement from all sides and back, reducing the interference of scattered rays.

[0056] As described above, the protective cover uses transparent conductive glass 26 on the light-receiving surface of the photodiode and sets a high-density tungsten alloy shield 23 as the core physical shielding layer on the periphery, thereby constructing a miniature Faraday cage to effectively attenuate scattered photons and secondary electrons, protect the sensitive photodiode, and thus effectively resist high-energy rays and shield the strong radio frequency noise generated by the linear accelerator, reducing radio frequency interference.

[0057] In summary, based on the specific structure of the above-mentioned fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal, the principle of the process of acquiring heartbeat and blood oxygen through the fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal of this invention can be as follows: (1) Source of signal: The blood oxygen probe using the dual-wavelength light-emitting diode standard integrates two specific wavelength light-emitting diodes (i.e., red light-emitting diode and infrared light-emitting diode), which alternately flash to emit light. Among them, the wavelength of the red light-emitting diode is usually 660 nm, which is very sensitive to the absorption of deoxygenated hemoglobin. The wavelength of the infrared light-emitting diode is usually 940 nm, which is mainly absorbed by oxyhemoglobin. (2) After the light signal is emitted from the dual-wavelength light-emitting diode, it will pass through the skin, muscles, bones and blood vessels (including arterial and venous blood). Since the dual-wavelength light-emitting diode and the photodiode are on the same side, the light is scattered and reflected back after entering the tissue, and can be captured by the adjacent photodiode. (3) The photodiode receives the residual light signal that has not been absorbed. In practical applications, the light emitted by a light-emitting diode is constantly absorbed by tissues and non-pulsatile blood (such as venous blood) during its penetration (this is called the DC component). As the heart beats, the arterial blood volume changes, causing slight fluctuations in the amount of light absorbed (this is called the AC component). After receiving the light signal, the photodiode can convert the change in light intensity into a weak electrical signal (such as a PPG signal), which is then amplified and filtered by the sensor's analog front end.

[0058] The data acquisition terminal 2 has been described in detail above. Based on this, the mobile terminal device 3, the receiving device 4, and multiple wireless relay units 5 will be described in detail below. It should be noted that in order to effectively transmit the acquired vital sign data, the various devices need to be connected wirelessly. One possible communication connection relationship is as follows.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the data acquisition terminal 2 establishes a wireless communication connection with the mobile terminal device 3 via Bluetooth Low Energy point-to-point method; the mobile terminal device 3, multiple wireless relay units 5 and the receiving device 4 together constitute a Bluetooth Mesh network; wherein, the mobile terminal device 3 is the publishing node and the receiving device 4 is the subscribing node.

[0060] It should be noted that because data acquisition terminal 2 uses low-power Bluetooth point-to-point communication, its transmission power is low, and its effective transmission distance is usually limited (generally within 10 meters). To ensure a stable and reliable communication link between data acquisition terminal 2 and mobile terminal device 3, mobile terminal device 3 needs to be placed close to the treatment bed 6. Simultaneously, to save power consumption, data acquisition terminal 2 can establish a wireless communication connection with mobile terminal device 3 via low-power Bluetooth point-to-point, thus setting data acquisition terminal 2 as a low-power node. Based on this, during application, data acquisition terminal 2 is normally in sleep mode, only waking up briefly to transmit blood oxygen / heart rate data when it is acquired, in order to extend battery life 27 and reduce electromagnetic interference to radiotherapy equipment.

[0061] like Figure 12As shown, the mobile terminal device 3 (i.e., PDA) is a smart electronic device (such as a smartphone) used to receive vital sign data sent by the data acquisition terminal 2, perform protocol conversion and data processing, and broadcast corresponding broadcast data packets to the surrounding area. It should be noted that the mobile terminal device 3 is a protocol proxy node, acting as a translation station for the entire link. It encapsulates non-Mesh signals (such as BLE GATT) from the data acquisition terminal 2 into Mesh broadcast data packets with time-limited lifespans. In practical applications, the mobile terminal device 3 also acts as a relay node in the Bluetooth Mesh network. Based on this, the mobile terminal device 3, through its built-in Mesh protocol stack, simultaneously enables proxy and relay functions. As the core of the entire indoor network, the mobile terminal device 3 is responsible for establishing a friendly relationship with the low-power data acquisition terminal 2, caching and forwarding its data. In practical applications, by using the mobile smart terminal located in the treatment room as a protocol conversion gateway, the low-power point-to-point data packets sent by the data acquisition terminal 2 can be encapsulated at the application layer into Mesh broadcast data packets that can be flooded in the Bluetooth Mesh network, and sent in high-power broadcast mode to utilize wall reflections for non-line-of-sight transmission.

[0062] like Figure 12 As shown, multiple wireless relay units 5 are used to forward received broadcast data packets using a flooding routing method, so as to transmit the broadcast data packets to the receiving device 4 via multiple paths in parallel. These wireless relay units 5 are simple mesh router forwarding nodes located at physical corners in the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12. They only perform relay functions, responsible for physical signal relay. It should be noted that these wireless relay units 5 do not process service logic; they only perform data regeneration and forwarding according to the flooding routing protocol.

[0063] The receiving device 4 is located in the outdoor control area 13 and is used to receive and process the broadcast data packets to display the corresponding vital signs data. It should be noted that the receiving device 4 is the data endpoint in the entire Bluetooth Mesh network. It can be a corresponding operator console receiver / monitoring station (i.e., a central monitoring host), and its core responsibilities are receiving, parsing, restoring, displaying, and alarming. Specifically, the receiving device 4 can receive Mesh broadcast data packets forwarded by the corresponding wireless relay nodes in the protection channel through the Bluetooth gateway, restore vital signs data such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate from them, and even reconstruct PPG waveforms, displaying dynamic values ​​and waveforms in real time on the monitoring screen. Simultaneously, it can also have built-in intelligent alarm logic: when blood oxygen is detected to be below a set threshold (e.g., <90%) or an abnormal heart rate is detected, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered to remind operators to intervene promptly.

[0064] As described above, data acquisition terminal 2 communicates with mobile terminal device 3 via Bluetooth Low Energy point-to-point communication, reducing the power consumption of data acquisition terminal 2. Simultaneously, mobile terminal device 3, multiple wireless relay units 5, and receiving device 4 together form a Bluetooth Mesh network, enabling multi-hop relay long-distance data transmission. This effectively allows broadcast data packets to traverse the maze-like protective corridor 12 to reach the outdoor control area 13, ensuring data transmission. Furthermore, by setting up a subscription and publish mode in the Bluetooth Mesh network, with mobile terminal device 3 as the publishing node and receiving device 4 as the subscribing node, efficient and targeted data delivery is achieved. This ensures that the corresponding data is only received by the necessary nodes (i.e., receiving device 4), while other nodes only forward the data without processing it, thus saving network resources and power consumption, and facilitating the subsequent addition of monitoring terminals.

[0065] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a vital signs data monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 13 The vital signs data monitoring method includes the following steps 100 to 106.

[0066] Step 100: Collect vital sign data through data acquisition terminal 2 and transmit the collected vital sign data to mobile terminal device 3 wirelessly; wherein, the data acquisition terminal 2 is located in the radiotherapy room 11; Step 102: The mobile terminal device 3 processes the vital signs data to obtain a broadcast data packet and broadcasts the broadcast data packet to the surrounding wireless relay unit 5. Step 104: The broadcast data packet is forwarded by multiple wireless relay units 5 in a flooding routing manner to transmit the broadcast data packet to the receiving device 4 via multiple paths in parallel; wherein, the multiple wireless relay units 5 are respectively distributed at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12. Step 106: The receiving device 4 receives and processes the broadcast data packet to output the corresponding vital sign data; wherein the receiving device 4 is located in the outdoor control area 13.

[0067] As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by setting up corresponding mobile terminal devices 3 and wireless relay units 5, the vital sign data collected by the data acquisition terminal 2 can be wirelessly transmitted to the mobile terminal device 3 first, and then broadcast to the surrounding area by the mobile terminal device 3. When the wireless relay units 5 located around the mobile terminal device 3 receive the data, they will forward the broadcast data packets in a flooding routing manner. Since the wireless relay units 5 are orderly distributed at various physical corners of the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12, during the forwarding process in the flooding routing manner, they can effectively transmit the data to the receiving device 4 in a multi-path parallel transmission manner, thereby physically bypassing the shielding wall of the radiotherapy room and logically ensuring the delivery of data from the source end to the destination end, providing effective vital sign data display for the operating console and other devices in the outdoor control area 13.

[0068] The following combination Figure 13 The steps in steps S100 to S106 and other optional steps are described in detail.

[0069] Step 100: Collect vital sign data through data acquisition terminal 2 and send the collected vital sign data to mobile terminal device 3 via wireless communication; wherein, the data acquisition terminal 2 is located in the radiotherapy room 11.

[0070] The vital signs data are key parameters reflecting the user's physiological state, such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate. Fluctuations in these vital signs data during radiotherapy have important clinical monitoring value.

[0071] In other optional embodiments, the specific operation of the data acquisition terminal 2 in acquiring vital sign data can be as follows: When the data acquisition terminal 2 is in working condition, it can acquire electrical signals through photodiodes, and then extract the corresponding vital sign data (such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate data) from the electrical signals using methods such as moving average filtering and feature detection algorithms. It should be noted that this vital sign data can be encapsulated in BLE format and sent to the mobile terminal device 3.

[0072] Step 102: The mobile terminal device 3 processes the vital signs data to obtain a broadcast data packet and broadcasts the broadcast data packet to the surrounding wireless relay unit 5.

[0073] The broadcast data packet is a data unit that is processed by the mobile terminal device 3 and sent outwards. In practical applications, the sending method can be determined according to the size of the broadcast data packet. For example, when the size of the broadcast data packet is small, the broadcast data packet can be broadcast as a single data packet; when the size of the broadcast data packet is large, the broadcast data packet can be segmented before broadcasting, as described below.

[0074] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal device 3 processes the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcasts the broadcast data packets to the surrounding area, including the following steps: Step 200: If the data volume of the broadcast data packet is greater than the preset capacity, the broadcast data packet is divided into multiple segment packets; wherein the data volume of each segment packet in the multiple segment packets does not exceed a preset number of bytes; Step 202: Assign a unique index number and check code to each segment packet in the plurality of segment packets, and mark each segment packet with the same periodic sequence number; Step 204: Broadcast each of the multiple segmented packets.

[0075] The preset capacity refers to the threshold standard used by the mobile terminal device 3 to determine whether data segmentation is necessary. It can be the upper limit of the application layer payload of a single packet in a Bluetooth Mesh network, which is determined by the protocol specification and network configuration. When the data volume of a broadcast data packet exceeds this threshold, the segmentation mechanism is triggered; otherwise, it can be transmitted directly as a single packet.

[0076] The preset bytes refer to the maximum data volume allowed for a single segment packet, and this value is not greater than the preset capacity.

[0077] The index number is a unique location identifier assigned to multiple segment packets generated from the segmentation of the same broadcast data packet. In practical applications, the multiple segment packets can be incremented starting from 0 or 1 to indicate the order of the segment in the original broadcast data packet. After the receiving device 4 receives the corresponding segment packet, it can reorder the out-of-order segment packets according to the index number to restore the data sequence of the broadcast data packet.

[0078] The checksum is an integrity verification value calculated based on the segmented packet content. This checksum can be generated and appended to the corresponding segmented packet during encapsulation. When the receiving device 4 receives a segmented packet, it can calculate the checksum based on the segmented packet and compare the checksum with the checksum appended to the segmented packet. If the two are inconsistent, it indicates that the segment has been subjected to radiation interference or signal attenuation during transmission, resulting in bit errors, triggering a discard or repair mechanism.

[0079] The periodic sequence number is a marker used to identify the same broadcast data packet. All segments generated from the splitting of the same broadcast data packet share the same periodic sequence number, enabling the receiving device 4 to distinguish data collected at different times. Even if network latency causes a segment in a certain batch to arrive late, it will not be mistakenly classified into other batches, ensuring the validity of the waveform.

[0080] As described above, when the amount of broadcast data exceeds the preset capacity, the mobile terminal device 3 divides it into multiple segment packets. Each segment packet is assigned a unique index number, a checksum, and the same periodic sequence number before being broadcast sequentially. This effectively alleviates the problem that Bluetooth's single-packet transmission capacity is limited and cannot carry large blocks of waveform data. Simultaneously, the index number, periodic sequence number, and checksum provide the receiving device 4 with the basis for reassembly, deduplication, and error detection, ensuring reliable segmented transmission of large amounts of vital sign data.

[0081] Step 104: The broadcast data packet is forwarded by multiple wireless relay units 5 in a flooding routing manner to transmit the broadcast data packet to the receiving device 4 via multiple paths in parallel; wherein, the multiple wireless relay units 5 are distributed in the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12.

[0082] It should be noted that since the mobile terminal device 3, the multiple wireless relay units 5, and the receiving device 4 together constitute a Bluetooth Mesh network, the mobile terminal device 3, the multiple wireless relay units 5, and the receiving device 4 are all nodes in the same Bluetooth Mesh network.

[0083] The multipath parallel transmission refers to the method by which broadcast data packets can be transmitted simultaneously through multiple different physical paths. For example, a broadcast data packet sent by mobile terminal device 3 may be received simultaneously by wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N1) and wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N2). Wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N1) transmits the data packet to wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N5) via wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N3), and then to receiving device 4 via wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N5). Meanwhile, wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N2) transmits the data packet to wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N4), and then to receiving device 4 via wireless relay unit 5 (e.g., N5). The two paths eventually converge at receiving device 4. Based on this design, even if one path is interrupted due to interference, other paths can still ensure message delivery.

[0084] The flooding routing method described is a message forwarding mechanism in a Bluetooth Mesh network. When a node in the Bluetooth Mesh network receives a broadcast data packet, it broadcasts it to all neighboring nodes within its communication range without maintaining a routing table. Neighboring nodes, upon receiving the packet, also continue to broadcast it, causing the message to spread layer by layer throughout the network like a flood. Simultaneously, this invention can also set corresponding mechanisms such as hop-by-hop decreasing time-to-live values ​​to control the message propagation range, reducing the occurrence of infinite loops and network congestion, ultimately achieving a distributed routing mechanism for multi-path parallel transmission, as detailed below.

[0085] In some embodiments, processing the vital signs data by the mobile terminal device 3 to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcasting the broadcast data packets to the surroundings includes: encapsulating the vital signs data into Mesh broadcast data packets with survival time values, and broadcasting the Mesh broadcast data packets to the surroundings.

[0086] Correspondingly, the broadcast data packets are forwarded via flooding routing through multiple wireless relay units 5, including: after receiving the Mesh broadcast data packet, each wireless relay unit 5 determines whether the Mesh broadcast data packet meets a preset condition, the preset condition including: a time-to-live value greater than zero; if the preset condition is met, the time-to-live value is decremented by one and the Mesh broadcast data packet is forwarded again via flooding routing; if the preset condition is not met, the Mesh broadcast data packet is discarded.

[0087] The lifetime value is the set hop count limit parameter. Each time a Mesh broadcast packet is forwarded through a node (such as wireless relay unit 5 or mobile terminal device 3), this lifetime value is decremented by one. The initial value of this lifetime value can be set according to actual conditions, such as 3 to 5.

[0088] It should be noted that Mesh broadcast data packets carry a time-to-live (TTL) value, which is an important control mechanism in Bluetooth Mesh networks. The TTL value is decremented by one each time the data is forwarded through a node. When the TTL value reaches zero, the message stops propagating. This effectively reduces the possibility of messages looping infinitely in the network, thus avoiding network congestion and electromagnetic interference.

[0089] As described above, encapsulating vital sign data into Mesh broadcast data packets with lifetime values ​​makes the message propagation range controllable and reduces the occurrence of infinite loops. At the same time, relay nodes (such as wireless relay unit 5) check the lifetime value to determine whether to forward it, realizing controlled flooding with decreasing lifetime values ​​hop by hop, which ensures that the message reaches the receiving device 4 while reducing network congestion.

[0090] Step 106: The receiving device 4 receives and processes the broadcast data packet to output the corresponding vital sign data; wherein the receiving device 4 is located in the outdoor control area 13.

[0091] The medical-grade waveform refers to a continuous physiological signal waveform that has been processed (such as data reconstruction, integrity verification, and waveform repair) and meets the accuracy requirements of medical monitoring.

[0092] In some embodiments, receiving and processing the broadcast data packets by receiving device 4 to output the corresponding vital sign data includes the following steps: Step 300: Receive multiple segmented packets from different transmission paths that have the same periodic sequence number to obtain a segmented packet set; Step 302: Identify and discard duplicate packets in the segmented packet set using the index number to obtain multiple target packets; Step 304: Perform integrity verification on the plurality of target packets according to the index number and the check code; Step 306: If the integrity check passes, the multiple target packets are reassembled into continuous data in the order of their index numbers to output the corresponding medical-grade waveforms and vital sign data. Step 308: If the integrity check fails, the data is filled in using an interpolation algorithm to output the corresponding medical-grade waveform and vital signs data.

[0093] The segmented packet set is the set of all segmented packets with the same periodic sequence number collected by the receiving device 4.

[0094] The duplicate packet refers to the same segmented packet received due to the multipath transmission mechanism. When the receiving device 4 receives a segmented packet with completely identical content, it can identify it by the index number and keep only one copy, discarding the rest.

[0095] The target packet, after removing duplicate packets, retains only valid segment packets. Only one segment packet is retained for each index number, which forms the basis for subsequent reassembly.

[0096] The integrity verification refers to the process of checking whether the target packet set is complete. The specific verification content can be set according to the actual situation, such as including two aspects: one is to verify whether a single segment packet is damaged based on the check code; the other is to check whether the index number is continuous and without missing, so as to confirm whether all segment packets in the same broadcast data packet have been received.

[0097] The continuous data is a complete vital signs data stream formed by correctly arranging and splicing the data according to the index number.

[0098] The interpolation algorithm refers to a method that estimates the intermediate missing sample value based on the valid data points before and after the missing data segment through mathematical calculations (such as linear interpolation and spline interpolation), and is used to fill the instantaneous gap caused by interference.

[0099] In practical applications, if the data volume of the broadcast data packet is not greater than the preset capacity, the mobile terminal device 3 can also directly set the corresponding index number and check code for the broadcast data packet and broadcast it. When the broadcast data packet is transmitted to the receiving device 4 through multiple paths in parallel, the receiving device 4 can also discard duplicate packets based on the index number and verify whether the broadcast data packet is damaged based on the check code.

[0100] As described above, receiving device 4 filters segmented packets within the same batch using periodic sequence numbers to ensure timing consistency. Based on this, it discards duplicate packets using index numbers to eliminate multipath redundancy. Then, it performs integrity verification based on the index number and checksum. If the verification passes, it reconstructs and outputs the original waveform; if the verification fails, it fills the gaps through interpolation, balancing data accuracy and usability.

[0101] In some embodiments, the vital signs data monitoring method may further include the following steps: A wireless communication connection is established between the data acquisition terminal 2 and the mobile terminal device 3 via Bluetooth Low Energy peer-to-peer method. The mobile terminal device 3, the receiving device 4, and multiple wireless relay units 5 are all added to the same Bluetooth Mesh network, wherein the wireless relay unit 5 is a relay node; In the Bluetooth Mesh network, a group address is configured as the vital signs data group address; The mobile terminal device 3 is set as the publisher to broadcast data packets to the vital signs data group address; The receiving device 4 is set as a subscriber to subscribe to the vital signs data group address and receive the broadcast data packets.

[0102] The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) point-to-point method is a one-to-one dedicated connection mode based on the Bluetooth Low Energy protocol. This communication method requires the two devices to establish a pairing relationship in advance to form a stable GATT connection link. Data is transmitted directly between the two devices without being intercepted by other devices. It should be noted that the BLE point-to-point method has low power consumption and is suitable for long-term operation of data acquisition terminals powered by batteries.

[0103] The broadcast node refers to a node in the Bluetooth Mesh network that broadcasts data packets to a specific group address (such as the vital signs data group address). It does not care about the specific recipients; the Bluetooth Mesh network automatically delivers the broadcast data packets to all nodes that have subscribed to that group address.

[0104] The subscription node is a node in a Bluetooth Mesh network that subscribes to a specific group address (such as a vital signs data group address) to ultimately receive broadcast data packets. In practical applications, the subscription node is pre-configured with this vital signs data group address.

[0105] The group address is a virtual multicast address in a Bluetooth Mesh network, used to identify a group of nodes with common interests. The group address does not represent a specific device, but rather a logical channel. In a Bluetooth Mesh network, messages sent to the group address will be received and processed by nodes subscribed to that group address. It should be noted that the vital signs data group address is specifically configured for transmitting vital signs data. In practical applications, the mobile terminal device 3 broadcasts data packets to this vital signs data group address, and the receiving device 4 subscribes to this vital signs data group address to receive broadcast data packets, forming a stable publish-subscribe relationship.

[0106] As described above, the data acquisition terminal 2 and the mobile terminal device 3 are connected via Bluetooth Low Energy point-to-point connection. The mobile terminal device 3, the wireless relay unit 5, and the receiving device 4 are then added to the same Bluetooth Mesh network. Based on this, the vital signs data group address is configured to establish a publish-subscribe relationship, enabling targeted data delivery configuration. This completes the configuration from physical connection to logical addressing, ensuring low-power access from the acquisition terminal, multicast transmission from the mobile terminal device 3, and on-demand reception from the receiving device 4, thus guaranteeing efficient and secure system operation.

[0107] To make this application easier to understand, an exemplary application is provided below. In this exemplary application, the application scenario is target area 1, which includes a treatment room and an outdoor control area 13. The treatment room includes a radiotherapy room 11 and a protective corridor 12. A data acquisition terminal 2 is located inside the radiotherapy room 11, and multiple wireless relay units 5 are respectively distributed at various physical corners in the radiotherapy room 11 and the protective corridor 12. A receiving device 4 is located in the outdoor control area 13.

[0108] (1) Networking First, a wireless communication connection is established between the data acquisition terminal 2 and the mobile terminal device 3 via Bluetooth Low Energy peer-to-peer mode.

[0109] Subsequently, the mobile terminal device 3, the receiving device 4, and multiple wireless relay units 5 are all added to the same Bluetooth Mesh network, where the wireless relay unit 5 is a relay node.

[0110] In a Bluetooth Mesh network, a group address is configured as the vital signs data group address. Based on this, the mobile terminal device 3 is set as the publisher to publish the corresponding broadcast data packets to the vital signs data group address, and the receiving device 4 is set as the subscriber to subscribe to the vital signs data group address and receive the corresponding broadcast data packets.

[0111] (2) Signal acquisition and noise reduction based on data acquisition terminal 2 First, the data acquisition terminal 2 alternately illuminates the patient's fingertip with red and infrared light sources from its built-in dual-wavelength light-emitting diodes. The photodiode receives the light signal after it has been scattered / transmitted by the tissue and converts the change in light intensity into a weak electrical signal.

[0112] Next, the electrical signal is sent to the sensor analog front end in circuit board 22, and after amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion, a digital PPG (Photoplethysmography) signal is output.

[0113] Subsequently, the main control chip on circuit board 22 uses moving average filtering and feature detection algorithms to extract blood oxygenation data and heart rate data from the PPG signal, and encapsulates these two sets of data accordingly to obtain the required vital signs data.

[0114] Finally, the data acquisition terminal 2 sends the vital signs data to the mobile terminal device 3 via the established low-power Bluetooth point-to-point connection.

[0115] It should be noted that when collecting vital sign data through the data acquisition terminal 2, corresponding anti-interference physical measures can be adopted. For example, the data acquisition terminal 2 located in the radiotherapy room 11 can be equipped with a corresponding anti-radiation photoelectric sensor structure. Specifically, a corresponding protective cover (i.e., a metal shield 23 and a transparent conductive glass 26) can be set in the data acquisition terminal 2 to construct a corresponding Faraday cage through the protective cover, thereby alleviating the radio frequency interference problem in the radiotherapy environment.

[0116] (3) Local preprocessing based on mobile terminal device 3 After receiving the corresponding vital signs data, the mobile terminal device 3 will perform corresponding dual-channel synchronization processing to execute dual tasks.

[0117] Task A is for local display: it converts vital sign data into dynamic waveforms and displays them in real time on the screen of mobile terminal device 3, allowing the doctor operating at the bedside to check the patient's status immediately.

[0118] Task B is a protocol conversion: it converts vital sign data from a private serial port protocol into the standard Bluetooth Mesh Model message format to obtain the corresponding broadcast data, and then transmits the broadcast data packets outward.

[0119] (4) Transmission relay based on Bluetooth Mesh network If the broadcast data packet (i.e. PPG signal) is large, the mobile terminal device 3 will divide it into multiple segment packets. The segment packets can be transmitted in parallel to the corresponding receiving device 4 through multiple paths of the Bluetooth Mesh network so that they can be restored and reassembled in the receiving device 4.

[0120] First, in practical applications, broadcast data packets are typically large in size, and a single Bluetooth packet cannot directly carry the data; therefore, they can be segmented. For example, mobile terminal device 3 can segment the broadcast data packet into multiple small segments of no more than 12 bytes to obtain corresponding segment packets. Based on this, a unique index number and checksum can be assigned to each segment packet, and all segment packets belonging to the same broadcast data packet can be assigned the same periodic sequence number to ensure data integrity.

[0121] Secondly, to address signal blockage caused by a 1.5-meter-thick concrete shielding wall, the controlled flooding characteristic of the Bluetooth Mesh network is utilized to achieve physical obstacle avoidance and enable multiple routing paths. Based on this, segmented packets do not rely on a single route but are propagated outwards in parallel via multiple wireless relay units, achieving parallel forwarding. Of course, in practical applications, corresponding anti-collision mechanisms can also be set up, such as using a random backoff algorithm, to prevent signal collisions caused by multiple nodes forwarding simultaneously.

[0122] Secondly, to reduce the occurrence of segments being trapped in an infinite loop within a maze-like protective passage, a corresponding survival time value mechanism can be set, with reasonable survival time values ​​(such as 3-5 jumps) to reduce the level of electromagnetic stray emissions in the computer room.

[0123] It should be noted that, since the present invention adopts multipath transmission based on Bluetooth Mesh network, even if one of the wireless relay units 5 in the protective corridor 12 is damaged, the signal emitted by the mobile terminal device 3 can still reach the target through other paths, thus ensuring the continuity of monitoring.

[0124] (5) Remote restoration based on receiving device 4 The receiving device 4 receives segmented packets from different transmission paths and at different times through a Bluetooth gateway, and performs operations such as deduplication, reassembly, integrity verification, and repair on the obtained segmented packet set to restore vital sign data such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate, and obtain the medical-grade waveforms corresponding to the vital sign data, so as to display dynamic values ​​and waveforms in real time on the monitoring screen. The specific implementation steps are as follows.

[0125] First, the receiving device 4, as a subscriber, receives multiple segmented packets from different paths, which may arrive out of order. It collects all segmented packets belonging to the same original data packet according to the periodic sequence number, thus obtaining a segmented packet set.

[0126] Secondly, the receiving device 4 identifies and discards duplicate packets by index number, and then arranges them in ascending order of index number to obtain the correct sequence of target packets.

[0127] Next, receiving device 4 performs integrity verification and repair: it verifies the data correctness of each target packet using a checksum. If the integrity verification passes, the target packets are reassembled into continuous data according to their index numbers to output corresponding smooth and continuous medical-grade waveforms and vital sign data on the display device. If the verification fails (e.g., due to discontinuous index numbers or incorrect checksums), an interpolation algorithm (such as linear interpolation or spline interpolation) is used to fill the instantaneous gaps caused by radiated interference or packet loss to output corresponding medical-grade waveforms and vital sign data on the display device.

[0128] Furthermore, to enhance safety, a corresponding alarm mechanism can be set in the receiving device 4 based on the collected vital sign data to achieve real-time clinical monitoring. For example, taking blood oxygen saturation as an example, an audible and visual alarm can be triggered based on a set threshold (e.g., blood oxygen saturation <90%). Specifically, when blood oxygen saturation is lower than the set threshold, an audible and visual alarm is triggered; if blood oxygen saturation is greater than or equal to the set threshold, no audible and visual alarm is triggered.

[0129] To verify the specific performance of the above-mentioned vital signs data monitoring system, the present invention underwent corresponding verification tests in an actual clinical radiotherapy environment. The above-mentioned vital signs data monitoring system demonstrated high stability and reliability. The specific experimental parameters are as follows.

[0130] This validation process involved 1449 patient trials, demonstrating the system's ability to continuously and wirelessly acquire and transmit physiological parameter signals. During the testing period, the system achieved a total effective signal transmission time of 30,892 minutes. Statistical data shows that the average effective blood oxygen monitoring time per patient was 21.3 minutes, covering the entire process from patient placement in the treatment room to departure after treatment. This indicates that the system can meet the actual monitoring duration requirements of clinical treatment procedures.

[0131] During the total transmission time mentioned above, a total of 48 signal interruption events were recorded. Further analysis of the causes of the disconnections showed that: 43.75% of the disconnections were due to insufficient power supply from the device's battery 27; and 56.25% were due to accidental sensor detachment or poor contact caused by changes in patient positioning. These data demonstrate that the wireless relay network layout scheme adopted in this invention successfully maintained an extremely low signal disconnection rate even in complex, heavily shielded environments. It should be noted that the vast majority of interruptions did not originate from signal coverage blind spots or transmission failures in the wireless network itself, but rather from non-core technical factors such as wearing operation or battery 27 management. This objectively proves the effectiveness of this invention in solving the signal blockage problem caused by shielded walls through the maze relay technology, significantly improving the communication reliability of real-time patient monitoring during radiotherapy.

[0132] In summary, the vital signs data monitoring system and method provided by the present invention: (1) By designing a finger clip probe structure with a composite shielding layer, the interference of scattered rays and Cherenkov light on the photoelectric sensor is physically blocked, and the transient radiation noise is eliminated by combining software filtering algorithms, thus mitigating the signal distortion problem caused by radiation interference. (2) Using a mobile terminal device 3 (such as a smartphone) carried by the patient or placed indoors as a relay node, a Bluetooth Mesh network is constructed, and a multi-hop mechanism is used to bypass the concrete wall obstacle to realize data transmission to the outside, thus mitigating the signal transmission problem in a closed maze environment. (3) Overcoming the limitation of background Bluetooth scanning by general mobile operating systems, the mobile terminal device 3 (such as a smartphone) can act as a reliable Mesh repeater through a specific foreground service and Mesh protocol conversion mechanism, thus mitigating the background limitation problem of the mobile terminal device 3 (such as a smartphone) as a relay.

[0133] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vital signs data monitoring system, applied to a target area, the target area including a treatment room and an outdoor control area, the treatment room including a radiotherapy room and a protective corridor, characterized in that, The system includes a data acquisition terminal, a mobile terminal device, a receiving device, and multiple wireless relay units; The data acquisition terminal is located in the radiotherapy room and is wirelessly connected to the mobile terminal device. The data acquisition terminal is used to collect the user's vital signs data and send the vital signs data to the mobile terminal device. The mobile terminal device is used to process the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcast the broadcast data packets to the surrounding wireless relay units; Multiple wireless relay units are respectively located at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor. The multiple wireless relay units are used to forward the received broadcast data packets in a flooding routing manner, so as to transmit the broadcast data packets to the receiving device through multiple paths in parallel. The receiving device is located in the outdoor control area and is used to receive and process the broadcast data packets to output the corresponding vital signs data.

2. The vital signs data monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition terminal is a fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal. The fingertip blood oxygen acquisition terminal includes a circuit board, a protective cover, a light emitting unit, and a photoelectric conversion unit. The protective cover is disposed on the circuit board and has a receiving cavity with a first opening on the side. The light emitting unit and the photoelectric conversion unit are disposed at the bottom of the receiving cavity and are electrically connected to the circuit board.

3. The vital signs data monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective cover includes a metal shield and a transparent conductive glass. The metal shield and the transparent conductive glass are fastened together to form a receiving cavity with a first opening on the side.

4. The vital signs data monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one wireless relay unit is provided at each physical corner of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor.

5. The vital signs data monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition terminal establishes a wireless communication connection with the mobile terminal device via Bluetooth Low Energy point-to-point method; The mobile terminal device, multiple wireless relay units, and the receiving device together constitute a Bluetooth Mesh network; The mobile terminal device is the publishing node, and the receiving device is the subscribing node.

6. A method for monitoring vital signs data, characterized in that, The method, applied to the vital signs data monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprises: Vital signs data are collected by a data acquisition terminal and transmitted to a mobile terminal device wirelessly; wherein the data acquisition terminal is located in the radiotherapy room; The mobile terminal device processes the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcasts the broadcast data packets to the surrounding wireless relay units. The broadcast data packets are forwarded via flooding routing through multiple wireless relay units to transmit the broadcast data packets to the receiving device through multiple parallel paths; wherein, the multiple wireless relay units are respectively distributed at the physical corners of the radiotherapy room and the protective corridor; The broadcast data packets are received and processed by a receiving device to output the corresponding vital signs data; wherein the receiving device is located in an outdoor control area.

7. The vital signs data monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mobile terminal device processes the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcasts these packets to the surrounding area, including: If the data volume of the broadcast data packet exceeds the preset capacity, the broadcast data packet is divided into multiple segment packets; wherein the data volume of each segment packet in the multiple segment packets does not exceed the preset number of bytes; Each segment packet in the plurality of segment packets is assigned a unique index number and check code, and each segment packet in the plurality of segment packets is marked with the same periodic sequence number; Each of the multiple segmented packets is broadcast.

8. The vital signs data monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The receiving device receives and processes the broadcast data packets to output the corresponding vital sign data, including: Receive multiple segmented packets from different transmission paths that have the same period sequence number to obtain a segmented packet set; Duplicate packets in the segmented packet set are identified and discarded using the index number to obtain multiple target packets; The integrity of the multiple target packets is verified based on the index number and the check code. If the integrity check passes, the multiple target packets are reassembled into continuous data in order of index number to output the corresponding medical-grade waveforms and vital sign data. If the integrity check fails, an interpolation algorithm is used to fill in the gaps, and the corresponding medical-grade waveform and vital sign data are output.

9. The vital signs data monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mobile terminal device processes the vital signs data to obtain broadcast data packets and broadcasts these packets to the surrounding area, including: The vital signs data are encapsulated into Mesh broadcast data packets with survival time values, and the Mesh broadcast data packets are broadcast to the surrounding area; Correspondingly, the broadcast data packets are forwarded via multiple wireless relay units using a flooding routing method, including: After receiving the Mesh broadcast data packet, each wireless relay unit determines whether the Mesh broadcast data packet meets preset conditions, including: a time-to-live value greater than zero; If the preset conditions are met, the time-to-live value is decremented by one and the Mesh broadcast data packet is forwarded again using flood routing. If the preset conditions are not met, the Mesh broadcast data packet is discarded.

10. The vital signs data monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A wireless communication connection is established between the data acquisition terminal and the mobile terminal device via Bluetooth Low Energy point-to-point method; The mobile terminal device, the receiving device, and multiple wireless relay units are all added to the same Bluetooth Mesh network, wherein the wireless relay unit is a relay node; In the Bluetooth Mesh network, a group address is configured as the vital signs data group address; The mobile terminal device is set as the publisher to broadcast data packets to the vital signs data group address; The receiving device is set as a subscriber to subscribe to the vital signs data group address and receive the broadcast data packets.

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