TRANSITION STRUCTURE FOR CROSSING A STRUCTURAL JOINT

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transition structure (10B) for crossing a structural joint (14) between two structural parts (12 and 12b) of a structure (12). The transition structure (10B) has at least two beams (16) mounted at the ends of the structure and at least one movable slat (20) mounted on these beams, with a primary sliding surface (22) disposed between at least one beam (16) and at least one slat (20). The primary sliding surface (22) has at least two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b), each disposed on reciprocally inclined sliding planes (34a and 34b). The sliding planes (34a and 34b) lie on a common line of intersection S, which forms an axis of movement (A) along which the slat (20) can be displaced relative to the beam (16).In this sense, at least one sliding plane (34a, 34b) is arranged at an oblique angle to a plane of movement (B) of the transition structure (10B).

Description

TRANSITION STRUCTURE TO CROSS A STRUCTURAL JOINT ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ The present invention relates to a transition structure for crossing a structural joint between two structural parts of a structure. Generally, transition structures of this type have at least two beams mounted at the ends of the structure and at least one slat mounted on these that can be moved, with a primary sliding surface arranged between at least one beam and at least one slat. In principle, these transition structures for crossing a structural joint are sufficiently well known in the state of the art. Transition structures of this type are primarily used for road crossings, particularly in road and rail bridge construction, where relative displacement of structural components is required, in addition to the transfer of necessary forces. The basic principle is that the beams are positioned transversely to the structural joint and thus connect it. The beams can be mounted on at least part of the structure. 52 / 1796 / 22 in such a way that they can be displaced or contracted so that the respective movements of both parts of the structure are compensated for without tension in the beams. One or more slats are mounted transversely to the beams, closing the gap between the two parts of the structure to such an extent that vehicles and pedestrians can safely cross the joint. A control system separates the slats at an approximately uniform distance, positioned horizontally relative to each other. In turn, the slats are mounted so that they can be displaced relative to the beams below them. This enables a transition structure that flexibly adapts to different dimensions of the structural joint. This also ensures that the structural joint can be crossed safely at all times. At the same time, damage to the building and the transition structure due to excessive tension and forces can be avoided. To achieve precise guidance of the slats along the longitudinal axis of the beams, sliding supports have been used at the points of intersection. In this case, the sliding support is preferably attached to the slat in such a way that there is a primary sliding surface for both components between the sliding support and the beam. This surface 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zoziz / E / gila The primary sliding surface is horizontally aligned to transmit vertical forces from the slat through the sliding support to the beam and, at the same time, allow the slat to move relative to the beam. Preferably, the sliding support interacts at both ends of the beam from above or lies in a groove with the corresponding shape such that, in addition to the horizontal primary sliding surface, two vertical guide surfaces are formed between the sliding support and the beam. When a horizontal force is applied parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam, the slat can move relative to the beam along its length. Furthermore, horizontal forces acting transversely to the longitudinal axis of the beam are transmitted across the area of ​​the vertical guide surfaces between the slat and the beam. Although the orientations of surfaces, axes, and forces are described here as horizontal or vertical for simplicity, they are not strictly limited to a horizontal or vertical plane or direction. In this description, these orientation indications refer exclusively to the plane of movement of the transition structure or bridge. The plane of movement is generated at a point of intersection of the beam with the slat, for example, by 52 / 1796 / 22 7R7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / B / YILI the axis of movement of the slat along the beam and the longitudinal axis of the slat or a corresponding parallel line. This is especially true if the transition structure is installed at an angle. Thus, in this case, the orientation of the primary horizontal sliding surface may differ from a horizontal plane in the strictest sense and could therefore also be inclined. The same criterion applies to the vertically arranged guide surfaces and the corresponding force effects described. The slats can also be mounted rotatably relative to the crossbars at their respective points of intersection. A kinematic control principle enables rotation about the vertical axis with minimal resistance. Such kinematic control principles are used, for example, in Maurer swivel joints for road crossings and bridges, or in Maurer guided sleeper joints for railway bridge construction. The predominantly elastic rotational capability around the two horizontal axes allows for adaptation to tolerances and differences in thermal expansion, as well as the replacement of worn parts with simultaneous transmission of dynamic loads. 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ The transmission of rotational torques, for example, of the horizontal forces induced on the road surface by braking and starting, is generally carried out by the aforementioned torsional resistance of the sliding supports on the horizontal axes, by means of other sliding elements guided under the beam or by means of support elements independent of these. In known transition structures, there is therefore a functional separation between the transfer of vertical and horizontal forces at the point of intersection of a slat and a beam. While vertical forces are absorbed by the beam via the primary horizontal sliding surface, horizontal forces acting transversely to the beam's longitudinal axis are transmitted through the area of ​​the vertical guide surfaces between the slat and the beam. Section 6.8 of DIN EN 1337-2:2004 for structural supports specifies that the primary sliding surface must be dimensioned so as not to create a gap when the structure is in service. Unlike bridge supports, the effects on transition structures are almost exclusively variable.As a result, the basic deadweight load is absent and the absence of free space cannot generally be verified, despite the. 52 / 1796 / 22 inclination of the sliding elements. For this reason, sliding materials are also used for the primary sliding surface, whose sole purpose is normally to act as a guide and exhibit better wear behavior and greater resistance to sliding wear. According to DIN EN 1990:2010-12 on the fundamentals of structural design, the serviceability limit state extends up to and including the serviceability limit state. If the serviceability limit state is exceeded, the specified conditions for the serviceability of a structure or component are no longer met. Therefore, limit states that affect the function of the structure or one of its parts under normal conditions of use, the well-being of users, or the appearance of the structure must also be classified as serviceability limit states. In the case of special transition structures designed for extreme events such as earthquakes, the service state can therefore remain in effect even after the extreme event occurs. This also applies, in particular, to the condition following an emergency and to damping functions that are only used in extreme cases. Here, for example, the calculated elevation of the sliding plate from the intermediate support section during the service state is considered. ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ 52 / 1796 / 22 7Ρ7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI Despite this proven principle of force transfer, it has been observed that large amounts of dust, dirt, or other foreign matter can accumulate in the area of ​​the sliding surfaces, especially during prolonged use of these transition structures. Failure to perform routine maintenance on the transition structures can increase wear on the sliding material or impair the sliding behavior of the transition structures. This is primarily due to the functional separations between vertical and horizontal force transfer, which create a degree of play between the respective guide components that, in principle, cannot be avoided. Therefore, a gap develops in the area of ​​the vertical guide surfaces when the transition structure is in use. This play or gap causes edge compression in the area of ​​the guide surfaces.The result is uneven force transmission within the transition structures, which can lead to increased and uneven wear of the sliding material. Furthermore, the guide surfaces can only be lubricated initially due to the clearance, and a continuous lubricant supply cannot be guaranteed. Additionally, a sliding material capable of absorbing high local compression must be used. Therefore, here... 52 / 1796 / 22 ultimately use sliding materials that exhibit relatively poor sliding behavior due to relatively high coefficients of friction. This results in suboptimal control behavior of the respective transition design. Although the main horizontal sliding surface has no play, the disadvantages mentioned above also apply in this case, due to the clearance generated by the combination of forces and the indicated sliding material, which is initially lubricated in the best of cases. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to offer an improved design of a transition structure that, on the one hand, is as simple as possible and, on the other hand, functions for as long as possible without maintenance and reliably, even under more intense forces, so as to reduce costs and effort during manufacturing and operation. The solution to the aforementioned problem is achieved according to the invention by constructing a transition structure according to claim 1. Other convenient embodiments of the invention arise from dependent claims 2 to 31. Thus, the transition structure according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the surface ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ of primary sliding has at least two partial sliding surfaces, each arranged on reciprocally inclined sliding planes. The sliding planes lie on a common line of intersection, forming an axis of movement along which the slat can be displaced relative to the beam. In this respect, at least one sliding plane is arranged at an oblique angle to a plane of movement of the transition structure. In the present description, a reciprocally oblique arrangement is understood to mean a reciprocally non-parallel and non-orthogonal arrangement of the respective elements. The two inclined sliding surfaces of the primary sliding surface combine the functions of transferring vertical and horizontal forces between the slat and the crossbar. Therefore, both vertical and horizontal forces acting transversely to the axis of movement can be absorbed by the primary sliding surface of the transition structure. Thus, the previously used vertical guide surfaces are no longer necessary, as their functions are fully performed by the primary sliding surface. This considerably simplifies the design of the transition structure. Consequently, manufacturing costs are reduced. 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zziza / E / gila can be reduced. The installation space, which in some cases is limited, can also be significantly reduced. Furthermore, due to the omission of the lateral vertical guide surfaces, the need for clearance for the guides is eliminated. This significantly reduces the amount of dirt and foreign matter entering the sliding surface. This design assumes that conventional sliding materials can be used on the primary sliding surfaces for bridge bearings. With continuous and uniform compression across the primary sliding surface area, permanently lubricated sliding materials are now also suitable as guides, as specified, for example, in DIN EN 1337-2:2004 for structural bearings. These materials have a low coefficient of friction and exhibit particularly low wear. In tests conducted by the applicant, the resistance of the corresponding sliding materials to a cumulative sliding distance on the current main sliding surface has already been established, which is up to 25 times greater than on the previously separate guide surfaces. In turn, the two partial slip surfaces, which meet reciprocally 52 / 1796 / 22 The 7R7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / B / YILI inclined guides enable continuous automatic centering of the slat on the beam with respect to the axis of movement. This ensures the slat is optimally positioned relative to the beam at all times and prevents potential edge compression along the axis of movement. Play in the supports is eliminated due to the vertical alignment of the guide surfaces. As an advantage, the two sliding planes include a first angle, selected so that no gap is created in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface when the transition structure is in use. In other words, a transition structure is provided without any gap on any of the sliding surfaces between the beam and the slat in the area of ​​the intersection point while in use. The ratio between the maximum vertical force and the maximum possible horizontal force in this area of ​​the transition structure can be optimally adjusted by tilting the two partial sliding surfaces relative to each other or by selecting the initial angle. With the appropriate choice of the relative tilt of both partial sliding surfaces, it is therefore possible to prevent the formation of a gap in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface, even 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ with the maximum horizontal force in combination with the respective minimum vertical force when the transition structure is in the use state. At the same time, a sliding material with the minimum possible friction can be used in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. The primary sliding surface has exactly two, preferably only two, partial sliding surfaces. In this way, the transition structure according to the invention is as simple as possible. The two partial sliding surfaces can, for example, form a continuous primary sliding surface, which is inclined only once in the region of the axis of movement. Here, in addition to the two sliding planes positioned at an angle to each other, the two partial sliding surfaces also intersect the axis of movement. Alternatively, the two partial sliding surfaces can also be formed independently of each other on their respective sliding planes. Preferably, the two sliding planes are arranged so that their line of intersection is parallel to a longitudinal axis of a beam. Therefore, the axis of movement is also parallel to a longitudinal axis of a beam. With this configuration, the entire 52 / 1796 / 22 The transition structure is loaded as uniformly as possible in terms of force transfer. Furthermore, the beam can move uniformly with identical resistance in both directions of the axis of movement. As an advantage, several primary sliding surfaces are arranged on a beam and form a common axis of movement. The common axis of movement of all the primary sliding surfaces enables movement along the beam with minimal resistance. Furthermore, the beam has the simplest possible structure, which reduces manufacturing effort and cost. Preferably, the multiple primary sliding surfaces also share common sliding planes. In this way, the beam can be formed uniformly along its longitudinal axis. The beam design is further simplified, reducing manufacturing costs. The initial angle is selected such that, in the ultimate limit state of the transition structure, no free space is generated in the area of ​​the primary slip surface. If the forces on the transition structure are increased further than in the service state, the ultimate limit state occurs. According to DIN EN 1990:2010-12 on the fundamentals of structural design, this state is related to collapse or other forms of structural failure. Therefore, these ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ 52 / 1796 / 22 Limit states that relate to the safety of persons and / or the safety of the structure must also be classified as ultimate limit states. The advantage of this is that, even in this state, it is still guaranteed that no clearance will occur in the area of ​​the primary slip surface. Preferably, the beam has at least one sliding plate in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. The sliding plate is preferably made of metal, for example, copper, steel, aluminum, or stainless steel. By attaching the sliding plate to the area of ​​the primary sliding surface, friction between the beam and the slat can be significantly reduced. Similarly, material wear in this area of ​​the beam can be prevented. Furthermore, the sliding plate can simply be replaced with a new one once the corresponding wear occurs. As an advantage, the beam itself is made of a sliding material, preferably metallic, as the sliding surface. Thus, the beam can do without any sliding plate or similar component in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. Preferably, the primary sliding surface has a permanently lubricated sliding material, preferably with 52 / 1796 / 22 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), or polyamide (PA). In one embodiment, the sliding material is proposed, for example, as a lubricated sliding disc, which preferably has at least one lubrication cavity in which the lubricant can be stored and dispensed uniformly. A sliding material with a particularly low coefficient of friction can therefore be provided. Wear of the sliding material can also be significantly reduced. Alternatively, a sliding material in the form of sliding pads attached to the slat could be considered. As an advantage, at least two partially sliding surfaces arranged at an angle to each other are positioned such that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of a gable roof. The gable roof is designed so that the line of intersection or the axis of movement forms the upper part of the gable roof. The gable roof shape has the particular advantage of minimizing the accumulation of dirt and foreign matter in the region of the at least two partially sliding surfaces inclined to one another. This is particularly applicable in 52 / 1796 / 22 the area of ​​the line of intersection or axis of movement, since it represents the highest point of the gable roof as the top of the roof. Preferably, at least two partially sliding surfaces arranged at an angle to each other are positioned so that the corresponding sliding planes take the form of an inverted gable roof. Here, too, the gable roof is designed so that the line of intersection or the axis of movement forms the upper part of the gable roof. Due to the inverted gable roof shape, it is possible to make the batten or the respective connecting components stronger at the point of maximum load near the axis of movement, without requiring additional installation space in the vertical direction. Therefore, even under the most intense forces, installation space can be saved again. Preferably, at least two partial sliding surfaces are formed, arranged symmetrically at an angle to each other with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the line of intersection in a direction vertical to the plane of movement. The symmetrical arrangement of the at least two partial sliding surfaces improves the automatic centering of the slat on the beam along the axis of movement. Furthermore, it is convenient, particularly in the ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zoziz / E / gila In the case of applying balanced forces or transferring forces from all sides, the conditions for the displacement of the slat relative to the beam in both directions along the axis of movement should be as similar as possible. Furthermore, the design of the transition structure is simple and therefore economical to manufacture. Alternatively, the cross-sectional areas of the two partial sliding surfaces could also be designed to be of different sizes so that, depending on the initial angle and the anticipated load coefficients, the optimal pressure on the surface is established in terms of friction and durability. As an advantage, at least one sliding plane is inclined with respect to the plane of movement at a second angle of between 10 and 60 degrees, preferably 45 degrees. Particularly with a more acute second angle, the consequently intense horizontal forces can be absorbed transversely to the axis of movement by the respective angled partial sliding surface. Furthermore, it is possible to use a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. Moreover, this prevents the creation of a gap in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. On the other hand, the movement of the slat relative to the beam is ensured by the 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ axis of movement with the least possible resistance. The different sliding planes can have an identical second angle. Another possible alternative would be to use different second angles to adapt the transition structure to different force effects. Preferably, the first angle ranges from 60 to 160 degrees, with 90 degrees being the most common. Particularly with a more acute first angle, the resulting intense horizontal forces can be absorbed transversely to the axis of movement by the respective angled partial sliding surfaces. Furthermore, it is possible to use a sliding material with a low coefficient of friction in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. This prevents the creation of a gap in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface. Moreover, it ensures that the slat moves relative to the beam along the axis of movement with the least possible resistance. Preferably, the transition structure has at least one point of intersection between a slat and a beam, at which a sliding support is provided, preferably rotatable about an axis vertical to the plane of movement, with a support plate between the beam and the slat, and the primary sliding surface extending between the beam and the support plate. Through the sliding support 52 / 1796 / 22 Between the slat and the beam, vertical and horizontal forces can be selectively transmitted through the support plate. If the sliding support were a rotating sliding support, the slat could rotate and slide relative to the beam at the point of intersection. In this case, the ability to rotate about a vertical axis with minimal resistance enables a principle of kinematic control. Preferably, the support plate is designed to be deformable, such that the primary sliding surface has at least one partial sliding surface horizontal to the plane of movement, depending on the magnitude of the applied forces. If the sliding planes take the form of a pitched roof, significant bending stresses are generated in the support plate. The load-bearing capacity of the system can be increased by adding another partial horizontal sliding surface, which is applied or formed only when the support plate deforms accordingly. As an advantage, the support has a base plate through which the sliding support is attached to the slat. Preferably, the slat or the base plate has a first bolt by which the sliding support is rotatably coupled to the slat. The base plate allows the sliding support to be designed to be as flexible as possible. 52 / 1796 / 22 7R7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / B / YILI stable possible. Moreover, the first bolt enables the proper rotation of the sliding support on its vertical axis. As an added advantage, the sliding support also features an elastomeric layer between the support plate and the base plate. This layer provides flexible damping between the base plate and the support plate. For example, it allows the base plate to shift, tilt, or rotate relative to the support plate. This compensates for minor movements between the beam and the slat. Furthermore, the elastomeric layer also has damping properties. Preferably, the sliding support has at least one tangential surface arranged in a plane between the support plate and the base plate. This plane is arranged at an oblique angle to the sliding planes of the reciprocally inclined partial sliding surfaces. Preferably, the sliding support has the same number of sliding planes as reciprocally inclined partial sliding surfaces at the point of intersection. If an elastomeric layer is used, it is arranged at least in the area of ​​the tangential surface. The different inclinations of the partial sliding surfaces and the thrust surfaces allow for optimal adjustment of the behavior of 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zoziz / E / gila adaptation. This occurs particularly in combination with the elastomeric layer and an arrangement of the sliding planes of the partial sliding surfaces at reciprocal angles forming an inverted gable roof. As an advantage, the transition structure consists, in the region of at least one intersection point, of a bracket mounted on the slat with a tilting unit containing a sliding material, preferably a sliding spring. The bracket and tilting unit are designed so that the slat is tilted at the intersection point relative to the beam and is mounted so that it can be moved or rotated about the vertical axis of the plane of movement. Primarily, the tilting unit ensures that sufficient vertical force accumulates to absorb horizontal forces without causing lifting in the area of ​​the sliding surfaces. Furthermore, the tilting unit can be used to adjust the movement of the slat relative to the beam. Finally, the slat can be positioned even more precisely relative to the beam by means of another connection point between the slat and the beam. Preferably, the tilting unit can be designed as a neutral guide for the slat's movements relative to the beam along the primary sliding surface. Preferably, the tilting unit does not 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zziza / E / gila has vertical guide surfaces. In this case, for example, there are no horizontal forces acting on the tilting unit that are oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the beam. In this case, the slat is guided on the beam along the axis of movement solely by the partial sliding surfaces of the primary sliding surface, which are arranged at reciprocal angles. By omitting the guide surfaces, rotational movements of the beam about the vertical axis are made possible via the sliding surface of the tilting unit. By appropriately selecting the tilting force and the initial angle between the two angled partial sliding surfaces on the sliding support, a gap can also be prevented from forming in the sliding support during use.This reduces slip resistance and the tilting unit can be manufactured at low cost. As an advantage, the bracket has a second bolt through which the tilting unit is rotatably coupled to a bracket. The first and second bolts form a common axis of rotation such that the slat is rotatably mounted about this axis of rotation relative to the beam at the point of intersection. The intersection of the first and second bolts allows 52 / 1796 / 22 that the slat rotates precisely with respect to the beam at the point of intersection. The second bolt is used in particular when the tilting unit has a guide surface. Preferably, the sliding material of the tilting unit comprises a permanently lubricated sliding material, preferably with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), or polyamide (PA). In one embodiment, the sliding material is proposed, for example, as a lubricated sliding disc, which preferably has at least one lubrication cavity in which the lubricant can be stored and dispensed uniformly. This facilitates a sliding material with a particularly low coefficient of friction. Wear of the sliding material can also be significantly reduced. Preferably, the tilting unit has a threaded fitting for tilting it after installation. For example, the threaded fitting engages with the bracket for this purpose. Alternatively, the tilting unit is designed to be installed at an angle and then released at a predetermined tilt angle after installation. This allows for easier and more flexible configuration of the desired tilt angle. 7Ρ7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ As an advantage, the transition structure has at least one beam box in which one end of the beam is mounted, allowing it to be displaced or rotated. These beam boxes are typically located at the beam's mounting points within the structural members and, in particular, provide a buffer zone for any beam movement. This allows for the compensation of any reciprocal movement between the two parts of the structure. Preferably, the end of the beam has at least one hole, and the joist box has at least one bolt through which the end of the beam is rotatably mounted in the joist box. Alternatively, the joist box may have at least one hole, and the end of the beam may have at least one bolt to secure it. In both cases, the beam is held in the joist box in the simplest and most efficient manner possible. Preferably, the beam box has an upper sliding support arranged above the beam, where a primary sliding surface, designed as described above, is located between the upper sliding support and the beam. With the aid of the upper sliding support, the beam's movements can be precisely guided within the beam box. As an advantage, the upper sliding support is a sliding spring. 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ The sliding spring serves as a tilting unit to incline the beam relative to an underlying lower sliding support and thus adjust the beam's freedom of movement within the beam box. The lower sliding support does not perform any guiding functions. The sliding spring prevents the beam from moving vertically within the beam box. The advantages of the primary sliding surface according to the invention, described above, are therefore applicable. As an advantage, the upper sliding support is further rotatably connected to the beam housing. For this purpose, the upper sliding support or the corresponding sliding spring preferably has a bolt that secures it to the beam housing. This allows both displacement and rotation of the beam at its support point. It would also be feasible for the beam to be inclined relative to the underlying structural support in such a way as to allow only rotational movement and prevent sliding movement. As an advantage, the transition structure is a rotating beam design for general highway transition structures. In this case, the slats are mounted in such a way that they can be displaced and rotated into rotating highway beams, some of which 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zziz / E / γίΛΐ are arranged at an angle. This generates a convenient kinematic control principle because the transition structure can be adapted with particular flexibility to different dimensions of the structural joint and different force effects. Alternatively, the transition structure can also be designed with guided sleeper joints, as seen in railway bridge construction. Guided sleeper joint design is fundamentally based on the kinematic control principle of slewing beam design. Furthermore, they are designed to guide a railway track through the structural joint. In this case, for example, the slats can be designed as movable sleepers. Alternatively, it would also be feasible to place the sleepers on the slats. As an advantage, some, preferably two, primary sliding surfaces are arranged between a beam and a slat, whose axes of movement differ from each other. This allows for a very simple increase in the overall primary sliding surface between the slat and the beam. Therefore, the entire primary sliding surface is designed to withstand even greater forces acting on the transition structure. The risk of gaps forming is further reduced. 52 / 1796 / 22 7Ρ7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI Furthermore, the slat can be guided more precisely with respect to the beam thanks to the multiple axes of movement. It can be advantageous for the axes of movement to be parallel to each other and preferably located in the plane of movement of the transition structure or in a plane parallel to it. The parallelism of the axes of movement means that excessive friction or compression of the edges on the primary sliding surfaces can be avoided. As a result, the slat can be displaced with the least possible resistance relative to the beam. The same principle applies to the convenient arrangement of the axes of movement relative to the plane of movement of the transition structure. Moreover, the transition structure has a particularly simple design. Next, convenient embodiments of this invention will now be described schematically with reference to graphics, where Figure 1 is a side view of a transition structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a part of a transition structure according to a second embodiment; 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ Figure 3 shows a schematic view from below of the transition structure illustrated in Figure 2; Figure 4 is a side view and a detailed view of a point of intersection of a slat with a beam of the transition structures illustrated in Figures 1 and 2; Figure 5 is a section of the detailed view illustrated in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a side view and a detailed view of an intersection of a slat with a beam of a transition structure according to a third embodiment of this invention; Figure 7 is a section of the detailed view illustrated in Figure 6; Figure 8 is a section of an intersection point (K) of a transition structure according to a fourth embodiment; and Figure 9 is a section of an intersection point (K) of a transition structure according to a fifth embodiment. Identical components in different embodiments are designated with the same references. Figure 1 shows the schematic structure of a transition structure (10A) according to a form of 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ particularly convenient embodiment. The transition structure (10A) has three beams (16) arranged between two structural parts (12a and 12b) of the structure and thus connect the structural joint (14) between the two structural parts (12a and 12b). In this respect, each of the beams (16) is supported at its ends in a beam box (18) of the transition structure (10A). Therefore, the transition structure (10A) has a total of six beam boxes (18) formed at the ends of the structure of the respective structural parts (12a and 12b) of the structure (12). The illustrated transition structure (10A) is formed as a pivot beam structure. Thus, the beams (16) are all supported in a rotatable, longitudinal and sliding manner in the respective beam boxes (18).This support point can be materialized, for example, by a lower sliding support (52) located below the beam (16) and an upper sliding support (50) located above the beam (16). The upper sliding support (50) is designed as a sliding spring that can rotate about its vertical axis. The beams (16) are mounted in the beam boxes (18) on the structural part (12a) in such a way that they can be displaced longitudinally with minimal play. This allows for compensation of the rotational movements of the beam (16). It would also be possible to keep one fixed. 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zoziz / E / gila end of the beam (16), despite being merely rotatable, in the beam box (18). For example, the beam (16) could have a hole and the beam box (18) could have a bolt to hold the respective end of the beam (16) (not illustrated). Furthermore, the transition structure (10A) has nine slats (20) and two edge slats (20a). The two edge slats (20a) are fixedly connected to the respective beam boxes (18). The slats (20) and the edge slats (20a) are spaced apart and mounted on the beams in a movable manner (16). Thus, at each intersection point (K) of a slat (20) with a beam (16), a primary sliding surface (22) is located between the two components. In this embodiment, the primary sliding surface (22) is configured to allow the slat (20) to move along the longitudinal axis of the beam (16) relative to it at the intersection point (K). In turn, the slat (20) is rotatably mounted at the intersection point (K) relative to the beam (16) about the vertical axis (V).For this purpose, a rotating sliding support (24) is provided between the slat (20) and the beam (16) at their respective points of intersection (K). The sliding support (24) is rotatably attached to the upper side of the slat (20) and rests on the lower side of the beam. 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ (16) . Therefore, the primary sliding surface (22) extends here between the sliding support (24) and the beam (16). Figures 2 and 3 present a perspective view of a portion of a transition structure (10B) according to a second embodiment. The transition structure (10B) is essentially the same as the transition structure (10A) of the first embodiment. No comment will be made regarding the identical components. The transition structure (10B) differs only in that it has only three battens (20) and two edge battens (20a). As can be seen, in particular, in the view from below in Figure 3, in this embodiment the central beam (16) is mounted rectangularly to the axis of the construction joint and, therefore, also rectangularly to the battens (20) and edge battens (20a). Furthermore, the two outer beams (16) are aligned at an angle to the battens (20) and edge battens (20a). Figures 4 and 5 illustrate, in more detail and as an example, an intersection point (K) of a slat (20) with a beam (16). As can be seen, particularly in Figure 5, the sliding support (24) includes a base plate (26), a plate 52 / 1796 / 22 The support plate (28) has a first bolt (32) by which the sliding support (24) is coupled to the slat (20) so that it can rotate about the vertical axis of rotation (V). Alternatively, the slat (20) may include a bolt (32) (not shown). Furthermore, the support plate (28) rests on the crossbar (16) so that the actual primary sliding surface (22) is positioned between the support plate (28) and the beam (16). The primary sliding surface (22) includes two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b), each arranged on reciprocally inclined sliding planes (34a and 34b). The two sliding planes (34a and 34b) meet on a common line of intersection (S) that forms a movement axis (A) along which the slat (20) can move relative to the beam (16). The two sliding planes (34a and 34b) are arranged at an oblique angle to a movement plane (B) of the transition structure (10A, 10B). At the point of intersection (K), the movement plane (B) is generated by the movement axis (A) and the line parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the slat (20). In this embodiment, the movement plane (B) is horizontal. All horizontal alignments and The vertical components and force actions described herein, therefore, also refer to the plane of movement (B). The two sliding planes (34a and 34b) are arranged such that the line of intersection (S) is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam (16). This allows the slat (20) to move uniformly with respect to the beam (16) in both directions of the axis of movement (A). The two partial slip surfaces (22a and 22b) are arranged such that the corresponding slip planes (34a and 34b) take the shape of a gable roof. Here, the axis of movement (A) is understood to be the upper part of the gable roof. Furthermore, the two partial slip surfaces (22a and 22b) are the same size and are symmetrically formed with respect to a plane of symmetry (E) that extends vertically along the line of intersection (S). It would also be possible to dimension both partial slip surfaces (22a and 22b) differently (not illustrated) in order to design them for different forces in each case. Furthermore, the primary sliding surface (22) includes a sliding material (36) to reduce friction between the slat (20) and the beam (16). In this case, the support plate (28) includes a sliding pad (36a and 36b) in the area of ​​each of the two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b). 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ for this purpose. Both sliding pads (36a and 36b) include a permanently lubricated sliding material, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), or polyamide (PA) can also be used here. In addition, the beam (16) includes a stainless steel sliding plate (38a and 38b) in the area of ​​each of the two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b). Therefore, both sliding pads (36a and 36b) rest on and slide along the sliding plates (38a and 38b). This can reduce friction between the support plate (28) and the beam (16), as well as wear on the sliding material (36). Alternatively, lubricated polymer sliding discs with prefabricated lubrication cavities could also be used here. For example, the beam (16) could also be made of a metallic sliding material.In this case, the two sliding plates (38a and 38b) could also be omitted. The special arrangement of the primary sliding surface (22) or the two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b) enables a functional combination of vertical and horizontal force transfer. Furthermore, vertical forces can be absorbed by the two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b) and transferred from the slat. 52 / 1796 / 22 7R7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI (20) to the beam (16). The same criterion applies to horizontal forces directed transversely to the axis of movement (A). Thus, on the other hand, these forces can also be absorbed by the two partial sliding surfaces (22a and 22b) and transferred respectively between the slat (20) and the beam (16). The coefficient of absorbed vertical forces and horizontal forces transverse to the axis of movement (A) can be adjusted by the inclination of the two partial slip surfaces (22a and 22b) or the respective slip planes (34a and 34b). Therefore, both slip planes (34a and 34b) include a first angle (a) selected such that no clearance is generated in the area of ​​the primary slip surface (22) when the transition structure is in the service state (10A, 10B). The first angle (a) is selected even ensuring that no clearance is generated in the area of ​​the primary slip surface (22), even in the ultimate limit state of the transition structure (10A, 10B). In this embodiment, the first angle (a) is 90 degrees. However, if the transition structure (10A, 10B) is to be designed for horizontal forces of lesser magnitude, a more obtuse first angle (a) can be used. 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ Alternatively, or additionally, the inclination of both sliding planes (34a and 34b) can also be indicated by their angle of intersection with the plane of motion (B) of the transition structure (10A, 10B). Thus, both sliding planes (34a and 34b) are angled or inclined downwards with respect to the plane of motion (B) by a second angle (β). In this embodiment, both sliding planes (34a and 34b) have the same second angle (β), which is 45 degrees. However, a slightly shallower angle (β) can also be selected in the case of lower horizontal forces. Furthermore, the transition structure (10A, 10B) has a bracket (40) with a tilting unit (42) at the intersection point (K). The bracket (40) is fitted to the slat (20). Moreover, the bracket (40) and the tilting unit (42) are configured such that the slat (20) is tilted and can be moved and rotated about the vertical axis (V) at the intersection point (K) relative to the beam (16) by means of the tilting unit (42). In this embodiment, the tilting unit (42) is designed as a sliding spring. The sliding spring is attached to the lower part of the beam (16) such that a horizontal sliding surface (44) is located between the spring and the beam (16). 52 / 1796 / 22 7R7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / B / YILI sliding and beam (16). However, the sliding spring has no guide surface. This allows rotary movements about the vertical axis (V). In the horizontal sliding surface area (44), the sliding spring contains a sliding material (46) in the form of a sliding disc lubricated with PTFE. However, UHMWPE, POM, or PA could also be used as a lubricant. The sliding disc has several pre-formed lubrication cavities in which the lubricant can be stored and distributed evenly across the horizontal sliding surface area (44). Furthermore, the bracket (40) includes a rigid connecting element (48A). Alternatively, the connecting element (48A) can be formed as a second bolt (48B), through which the sliding spring is rotatably fixed to the bracket (40). This is convenient, for example, if the tilting unit (42) has a guide surface adjacent to the horizontal sliding surface (44). In this case, the first bolt (32) of the sliding support (24) and the second bolt (48B) of the bracket (40) form a common axis of rotation (D). Consequently, the slat (20) is mounted so that it can rotate about the axis of rotation (D) and thus about the vertical axis (V) with respect to the beam (16). 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / E / γίΛΐ the intersection point (K). Thus, despite the prestressing, the level of freedom between the slat (20) and the beam (16) provided by the sliding support (24) is not further restricted. In the present embodiment, the primary slip surfaces (22) form a common axis of movement (A) at all points of intersection (K) along a beam (16). In turn, the partial slip surfaces (22a and 22b) lie on the same slip planes (34a and 34b). Therefore, the beam (16) has a constant cross-section about its longitudinal axis in the slip region. This can simplify the construction of the transition structure (10A, 10B) and reduce manufacturing costs. The support plate (28) is designed to be deformable under the application of intense forces. Thus, if sufficiently intense forces are applied to the support plate (28), its horizontal section comes into contact with a horizontal section of the beam (16). Consequently, the primary sliding surface (22) has another horizontal partial sliding surface (22c) between the support plate (28) and the beam (16). The advantages of the primary sliding surface (22) according to the invention can be applied 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ to the support of the beams (16) in the beam boxes (18). As mentioned above, the beams (16) are received in the respective beam box (18) by means of an upper sliding support (50) or by means of the respective sliding spring and a lower sliding support (52). Thus, the beam (16) can be inclined with respect to the lower sliding support by means of a sliding spring. The sliding spring can be rotatably attached to the roof of the beam box (18) with a bolt. However, in this embodiment, the bolt is placed on the lower part of the edge strip (20a), adjacent to the roof of the beam box (18). Furthermore, the sliding spring rests on the beam (16). Therefore, between the sliding spring and the beam (16) there is another primary sliding surface, as previously described. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate an intersection point (K) of a slat (120) with a beam (116) of a transition structure (110) according to a third embodiment of this invention. The transition structure (110) is essentially the same as the transition structure (10B) of the second embodiment. No comment will be made regarding the identical components. However, the transition structure (110) differs from the transition structure (10B) of the second 52 / 1796 / 22 7R7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / B / YILI embodiment wherein the primary sliding surface (122) between the batten (120) or sliding support (124) and the beam (116) is configured differently. Here, the two partial sliding surfaces (122a and 122b) are angled to each other such that the corresponding sliding planes (134a and 134b) take the form of an inverted gable roof. Here, too, the axis of movement (A) forms the upper part of the gable roof. The design of the components arranged in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface (122), such as the sliding plates (138a and 138b) and the sliding pads (136a and 136b), has been adapted accordingly. The same criterion applies to the components of the sliding support (124), such as the base plate (126), the elastomeric layer (130), and the support plate (128). However, their basic functions remain as described above. The advantages of this embodiment are essentially the same as those of the second embodiment. Furthermore, the sliding support (124) can be designed to be stronger at the center, where it experiences maximum stress in the area of ​​the axis of rotation (D), than in the peripheral area, without requiring additional installation space in the vertical direction. Likewise, in 52 / 1796 / 22 In this embodiment, the zero-point rotational torque, i.e., the point of intersection of the three forces at right angles to the sliding surface in the tilting unit (42) or the sliding spring and the sliding support (124), is shifted upwards, to the height of the slat (120). This improves the torsional stiffness at the point of intersection (K). Figure 8 illustrates an intersection point (K) of a slat (120) with a beam (116) of a transition structure (210) according to a fourth embodiment of this invention. The transition structure (210) is essentially the same as the transition structure (110) of the third embodiment. No comment will be made regarding the identical components. However, the transition structure (210) differs in that it has a different sliding support (224). Here, the support plate (228) is formed from two pieces. Furthermore, the sliding support (224) has two tangential surfaces (254 and 256), each of which is arranged in a plane (258 and 260) between the support plate (228) and the base plate (226). In this respect, both planes (258 and 260) are arranged at an oblique angle to the sliding planes (134a and 134b) of the partial sliding surfaces (122a and 122b), which are arranged at an angle to each other. ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ 52 / 1796 / 22 7Ρ7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI Figure 9 illustrates an intersection point (K) of a slat (120) with a beam (116) of a transition structure (310) according to a fifth embodiment of this invention. The transition structure (310) is essentially the same as the transition structure (110) of the third embodiment. No comment will be made on components of identical construction. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, not all details of the sliding support, the beam, and the respective sliding surfaces illustrated in the Figure are described. The transition structure (310) differs from the transition structure (110) of the third embodiment in that two of the primary sliding surfaces (122), as described above, are arranged side by side between the beam (116) and the slat (120). In particular, both primary sliding surfaces (122) are identically formed. Therefore, the respective partial sliding surfaces (122a and 122b) of both primary sliding surfaces (122) are arranged such that the corresponding sliding planes (134a and 134b) take the form of an inverted gable roof. In this case, the two lines of intersection (S) and the two axes of movement (A) of the two sliding surfaces 52 / 1796 / 22 primary sliding surfaces (122) differ from each other, respectively. In this embodiment, the two axes of movement (A) are parallel to each other. In turn, the two axes of movement (A) are arranged in the plane of movement (B) of the transition structure (310). The additional primary sliding surface (122) further reduces the risk of a gap forming in the total primary sliding surface at the intersection point (K) of the transition structure (310). At the same time, the slat (120) can be displaced at the intersection point (K) with the least possible resistance relative to the beam (116) due to the parallel arrangement of the two axes of movement (A) to each other in the plane of movement (B). The transition structure according to the invention can alternatively be conceived with a guided sleeper joint design for railway bridge construction. Here, too, the basic principle of the swivel beam design already described applies. REFERENCES 10A, 10B, 110, 210, 310 Transition structure 12 Structure 12a First structural part 52 / 1796 / 22 7Ρ7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI 12b Second structural part Structural joint, 116 Beam Beam box, 120 Strip to edge strip 22, 122 Primary slip surface 22a, 122a Partial slip surface 22b, 122b Partial slip surface 22c Partial slip surface 24, 124, 224 Sliding support 26, 126, 226 Motherboard 28, 128, 228 Support plate 30, 130 Elastomeric layer First bolt 34a, 134a Slip plane 34b, 134b Slip plane Slippery material 36a, 136a Sliding pad 36b, 136b Gliding pad 38a, 138a Sliding plate 38b, 138b Sliding plate Bracket Tilt unit Horizontal sliding surface 52 / 1796 / 22 ζοζΑηη / ζζηζ / Ε / γίΛΐ Slippery material 48A Joining element 48B Second bolt Top sliding support Lower sliding support 254 Tangential surface 256 Tangential surface 258 Plan 260 Plan Axis of movement B Plane of movement D Axis of rotation E Plane of symmetry S Intersection line K Intersection point L Longitudinal axis V Vertical axis to First angle β Second angle

Claims

1. A transition structure (10B) for crossing a structural joint (14) between two structural parts (12a, 12b) of a structure (12) having at least two beams (16) mounted at the ends of the structure and at least one slat (20) slidably mounted thereon, a primary sliding surface (22) disposed between at least one beam (16) and at least one slat (20), characterized in that the primary sliding surface (22) has at least two partial sliding surfaces (22a, 22b), each disposed on reciprocally inclined sliding planes (34a, 34b), the sliding planes (34a, 34b) lying on a common line of intersection (S) forming an axis of movement (A) along which the slat (20) can be displaced relative to the beam (16), and at least one sliding plane (34a, 34b) arranged at an oblique angle to a plane of movement (B) of the transition structure (10B).

2. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sliding planes (34a, 34b) form a first angle (a) selected such that no free space is generated in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface (22) when the transition structure (10B) is in the state of use.

3. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first angle (a) is selected such that in the ultimate limit state of the transition structure (10) no free space is generated in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface (22).

4. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first angle (a) ranges from 60 to 160 degrees, and preferably is 90 degrees.

5. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two sliding planes (34a, 34b) are arranged such that the line of intersection (S) is parallel to a longitudinal axis of a beam (16).

6. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that several primary sliding surfaces (22) are arranged on a beam (16) and form a common axis of movement (A).

7. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (16) has at least one sliding plate (38a, 38b) in the area of ​​the primary sliding surface (22).

8. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (16) is made of a preferably metallic sliding material.

9. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary sliding surface (22) has a permanently lubricated sliding material (36), preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyoxymethylene (POM) or polyamide (PA).

10. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two partial sliding surfaces (22a, 22b) arranged at an angle to each other are positioned such that the corresponding sliding planes (34a, 34b) 52 / 1796 / 22 7Ρ7ΩΩΩ / 77Ω7 / Β / YILI) take the form of a gable roof.

11. The transition structure (110) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two partial sliding surfaces (122a, 122b) arranged at an angle to each other are positioned such that the corresponding sliding planes (134a, 134b) take the form of an inverted gable roof.

12. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two reciprocally inclined partial sliding surfaces (22a, 22b) are formed symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry (E) extending along the line of intersection (S) in a vertical direction with respect to the plane of movement (B).

13. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one sliding plane (34a, 34b) is inclined with respect to the plane of movement (B) at a second angle (β) of between 10 and 60 degrees, preferably 45 degrees.

14. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, 52 / 1796 / 22 zozAnn / zznz / E / YiAi characterized in that the transition structure (10B) has at least one intersection point (K) of a slat (10) with a beam (16), in which a sliding support (24) is disposed, preferably rotatable about a vertical axis (V) to the plane of movement (B), with a support plate (28) between the beam (16) and the slat (20), and the primary sliding surface (22) extends between the beam (16) and the support plate (28).

15. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 14, characterized in that the support plate (28) can be deformed in such a way that the primary sliding surface (22) has at least one partial sliding surface (22c) horizontal to the plane of movement (B), depending on the magnitude of the applied force.

16. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the sliding support (24) in turn comprises a base plate (26) through which the sliding support (24) is coupled to the slat (20), and the slat (20) or the base plate (26) preferably have a first bolt (32) through which the sliding support (24) is rotatably coupled to the slat (20). 52 / 1796 / 22 17. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 16, characterized in that the sliding support (24) further has an elastomeric layer (30) disposed between the support plate (28) and the base plate (26).

18. The transition structure (210) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the sliding support (224) has at least one tangential surface (254) disposed in a plane (258) between the support plate (228) and the base plate (226). The plane (258) is disposed at an oblique angle to the sliding planes (134a, 134b) of the reciprocally inclined partial sliding surfaces (122a, 122b).

19. The transition structure (10B) according to any of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the transition structure (10B) has, in the area of ​​at least one intersection point (K), a bracket (40) disposed on the slat (20) and a tilting unit (42) with a sliding material (46), preferably a sliding spring, and the bracket (40) and the tilting unit (42) are designed such that the slat (20) is tilted at the intersection point (K) with respect to the beam (16) and can be displaced or is mounted with the capacity to rotate about the axis (V) vertical to the plane of movement (B).

20. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 19 and at least claim 16, characterized in that the bracket (40) has a second bolt (48B) through which the tilting unit (42) is rotatably coupled to the bracket (40), wherein the first bolt (32) and the second bolt (48B) form a common axis of rotation (D) and the slat (20) is rotatably mounted on the axis of rotation (D) with respect to the beam (16) at the intersection point (K).

21. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 19, characterized in that the tilting unit (42) is designed as a neutral guide for the movements of the slat (20) with respect to the beam (16) by the primary sliding surface (22).

22. The transition structure (10B) according to any of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the sliding material (46) of the tilting unit (42) contains a permanently lubricated sliding material, preferably with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyoxymethylene (POM) or polyamide (PA).

23. The transition structure (10B) according to any of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the tilting unit (42) has a thread for tilting said tilting unit (42) when installed.

24. The transition structure (10B) according to any of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that the tilting unit (42) is designed so that it can be installed at an angle and can be released at a predetermined tilt dimension when installed.

25. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition structure (10B) has at least one beam box (18) in which at least one end of the beam (16) is mounted in such a way that it can be moved or rotated.

26. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 25, characterized in that the end of the beam (16) has at least one perforation and the beam box (18) has at least one bolt through which the end of the beam (16) is mounted in the beam box (18).

27. The transition structure (10B) according to claims 25 or 26, characterized in that the beam box (18) has an upper sliding support (50) disposed above the beam (16), wherein a primary sliding surface (22) designed according to the above claims is disposed between the upper sliding support (50) and the beam (16).

28. The transition structure (10B) according to claim 27, characterized in that the upper sliding support (50) is rotatably attached to the beam box (18).

29. The transition structure (10B) according to claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the upper sliding support (50) is a sliding spring.

30. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition structure (10B) is a rotating beam design.

31. The transition structure (10B) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition structure (10B) has a guided sleeper joint design for railway bridge construction. 52 / 1796 / 22 zozani / zozani / E / gila 32. The transition structure (310) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that multiple, preferably two, primary sliding surfaces (122), whose axes of movement (A) differ from each other, are arranged between a beam (116) and a slat (120).

33. The transition structure (310) according to claim 32, characterized in that the axes of movement (A) are parallel to each other and are preferably arranged in the plane of movement (B) of the transition structure (310) or in a plane parallel to it.

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