PROCESS FOR RECOVERING AND COLLECTING VEGETABLE TAR

Description

1 / 4 PROCESS FOR RECOVERING AND COLLECTING VEGETABLE TAR

[001] The present innovation relates to the process of recovering vegetable tar, which occurs during the carbonization stage of wood, generating charcoal and two chemical by-products with energy potential, condensable gases and non-condensable gases, produced in masonry kilns. The two by-products share the same path, where the condensable gases are collected at the end of this path and the non-condensable gases are incinerated in the gas burner. Description of the State of the Art

[002] Currently, there are some equipment and / or structure configurations responsible for carrying out the process of collecting vegetable tar, which are made up of the most diverse forms of collection, and may consist of shell and tube condensers, condensates in steel pipes through temperature difference, of the most varied types and forms of collection of by-products, such as vegetable tar.

[003] These equipment present variables in their collection processes that are not interesting, considering: low production capacity of vegetable tar, as highlighted in document BR1020230185231, which uses only three ovens at a time, using a shell and tube condenser, in the opposite condition to the current, positioned vertically for condensation of these gases, a process that is not very efficient, which depends on energy consumption for water circulation for heat exchange, and analyzing the scale-up of the ovens, the need for increasingly larger heat exchangers becomes evident, as can be observed in document BR 102020012046-8, using an exhaust fan for gas suction.

[004] As evidenced in document BR 112019007436-8, the production process is continuous and focused on gas generation, using a gasifier for the production of condensable and non-condensable gases. Petition 870250062267, dated 07 / 21 / 2025, page 4 / 8 2 / 4 condensable. It is important to emphasize that the volume of wood processed is limited by the gasifier's capacity, resulting in a specific quantity of condensable gases. This process depends on equipment indicated in document BR 112019007436-8, called the ZK cooling zone, which, in turn, requires a power source for the equipment's operation, a device for gasifying biomass.

[005] As evidenced in the document BR102018003265-8 uses a continuous process for the production of vegetable tar. This process notably involves a screw-type pyrolyzer used to produce charcoal, while the generated gases are extracted for condensation. However, this method has limited efficiency, resulting in reduced vegetable tar production. Description of the Invention

[006] The present innovation refers to a structure developed to circumvent and overcome existing variables, determining the Recovery and Collection Process of Vegetable Tar, in which the process involves initial steps that use furnaces (1), equipment for carbonization of biomass, where during the carbonization steps, gases with rich chemical properties are generated, which are divided into condensable and non-condensable gases.

[007] The furnaces (1), equipment for biomass carbonization, as can be verified in documents BR102019018211-3 and BR102017027392-0, where these technologies developed for the production of charcoal, in which, in the biomass carbonization process, it assists in the generation of gases that are directed to the ducts (2). The furnaces (1), used in this process, are large structures, built in masonry with solid bricks and / or reinforced concrete, constituted in rectangular shapes, having availability of accommodation for stacked wood for carbonization, enabling the mobility of large machines and equipment inside the structure for loading the wood and unloading the charcoal, with Petition 870250062267, dated 07 / 21 / 2025, page 5 / 8 3 / 4 dimensions that may vary depending on the need and interest in the amount of coal to be produced.

[008] These carbonization equipment have two steel doors, one at each end of the structure, which may be double-leaf hinged doors and / or a single sliding door with lateral sliding, and have a cover in the form of a circular or flat canopy.

[009] The set of furnaces used are interconnected by underground ducts (2) which may be made of masonry, metallic and / or composite materials, where the furnaces (1) that are in the carbonization process finish the stages of releasing water vapor and the release of gases begins which can be incinerated in the gas burners (4), where they are directed to the underground ducts (2) performing the exhaust by the pressure difference that occurs in the gas burners.

[0010] The generated gases are expelled from the furnace (1) through chimneys that direct the gases to the atmosphere or to the ducts (2). All structural ducts are made of masonry, metallic materials and / or other materials, depending on the project configuration, and are interconnected to the gas burner (4). When the gases are directed to the specific ducts, the gas burner is activated, generating a pressure difference that enables the combustion of the gases and at the same time their exhaust.

[0011] The gases generated by the furnaces (1) are directed to the burner (4), where the gases collide with the walls of the ducts (2) due to the pressure difference, losing temperature throughout the process, when through the coalescence effect of the condensable fraction of the gases, condensation occurs, resulting in the formation of vegetable tar.

[0012] The tar, upon condensing on the walls of the ducts (2), flows, due to gravity and the difference in level, being directed to a tank (3) near the gas burner (4), where it is stored. When the tank (3) Petition 870250062267, dated 07 / 21 / 2025, page 6 / 8 4 / 4 is full, the tar is pumped to the collection boxes (3). These ducts (2) are equipped with temperature and pressure sensors that monitor different parts of the system, allowing complete control on a control panel.

[0013] Non-condensable gas burners, as verified in document BR102019018209-1, are a technology that provides the burning of gases generated during the carbonization process, which are harmful to the environment. The gas burner (4) consists of a chimney (5) made of metal sheets, refractories in a cylindrical shape and is composed of the gas burner (4) where combustion takes place, incinerizing the gases, having a metal structure and lined with refractory material and a door for carrying out maintenance. Description of the figures [1] The present innovation can be better understood through the figures, as detailed below: [2] FIGURE 01: Isometric view, which allows visualization of the furnaces, gas burner, tar collection box and underground ducts. [3] FIGURE 02: Side view, showing the arrangement of the furnaces, ducts, vegetable tar collection box and gas burner. [4] FIGURE 03: Isometric view, view from the opposite side to the first figure. Petition 870250062267, dated 07 / 21 / 2025, page 7 / 8

Claims

1 / 1 CLAIMS 1 - PROCESS FOR RECOVERING AND COLLECTING VEGETABLE TAR, characterized by being a process that occurs during the stages of wood carbonization, carried out in large-scale equipment for biomass carbonization, when gases with rich chemical properties are generated, which are divided into condensable and non-condensable gases, where vegetable tar is collected. 2 - Process, according to Claim 1, characterized by occurring in the circulation of condensable gases in underground ducts (2), structures made of masonry, metallic materials and / or other materials, depending on the project configuration, which interconnect the various large-scale equipment for biomass carbonization, where these gases undergo exhaust through the pressure difference that occurs in the gas burners (4), which collide with the walls of the ducts (2), causing their condensation, as they lose temperature. 3 - Process, according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that it consists of structures for releasing non-condensable gases that can be incinerated in gas burners (4), where these gases are directed to underground ducts (2) and are sucked in by the pressure difference that occurs in the gas burners. 4 - Process, according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized by having greater control and efficiency in the collection of vegetable tar, carrying out the monitoring of the stages, through temperature and pressure measurement sensors installed in the underground gas circulation ducts (2). Petition 870240111333, dated 12 / 30 / 2024, page 11 / 15

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