A METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR MANAGING AND CONTROLLING THE SERVICE LIFE OF A TREE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A FORESTRY MACHINE

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for managing and controlling the service life of a tree management system for a forestry machine. The tree management system is activatable through the impact of the hydraulically driven running medium (7:1-7:n). The method comprises the steps of obtaining sensor data (13:1-13:n) representing a current load (pt) on the tree management system, determining a current partial damage value (sl, sm, sh) that is considered to occur on the tree management system at various loads (pt) on the tree management system.A feature of the present invention is the steps of determining a key indicator (ni:1-ni:n), which describes a measured value (x) that relates to the operation of the tree management system (1) and is representative of the risk of partial damage with respect to a specific report on a current operational state (db:1-db:n) of the tree management system, comparing at least the current partial damage value with a normative partial damage value (slx, smx, shx) for a normative operational state (db:1x-db:nx) of the tree management system that corresponds to the key indicator and determining a change that affects the measured value (x) of the key indicator such that the current partial damage value returns to or approaches a level corresponding to the normative partial damage value for the key indicator.

Description

1 / 33 “METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR MANAGING AND CONTROLLING THE USEFUL LIFE OF A TREE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR "A FORESTRY MACHINE" Field of the Invention Technique

[001] The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for managing and controlling the service life of a tree management system for a forestry machine according to the preamble of claims 1 and 11, respectively. Background

[002] A forestry machine, such as a harvester or a conveyor, is equipped with a tree handling system, which comprises a hydraulically operated crane that, at its free end, also carries a hydraulically operated tree handling unit, for example, in the form of a harvester attachment or a timber grapple. An operator manages the tree handling system to perform various operations, for example, felling and preparing trees with roots. Operating the tree handling system is a demanding task that requires extensive professional skills. Learning to operate the tree handling system efficiently and, for example, the crane carefully, involves a great deal of training. The efficiency and availability for operation of the tree handling system are important, as the investment costs in a new tree handling system are often high.Damage detection, control, and monitoring, as well as damage prevention in a tree management system, are of utmost importance to avoid costly downtime. Damage generally involves compromising or reducing the lifespan of an object. Lifespan can be predetermined or optional. The mode of operation or operating conditions refer to a load or loading that can cause such damage. The strength or robustness of a... Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 9 / 95 2 / 33 of an object is reduced over time due to its loading.

[003] The service life of a tree management system is substantially determined by its mechanical structure and the way the constituent components of the tree management system are loaded in the movements that the system performs during its service life. In current tree management systems, the mechanics are dimensioned so that the mutually moving parts included in the system are capable of performing the most difficult imaginable movement pattern throughout its specified or theoretically calculated service life. A crane included in such a system typically comprises a series of mutually moving parts, such as a rotating rack, lifting arms, and rocker arms, which are articulatedly joined to each other by means of hydraulically effective joints and force cylinders.The power transferred in a hydraulic system, and therefore to the various parts of the tree handling system affected by the force of the hydraulically effective drive power, is defined by the fluid pressure (N / m2) multiplied by the volumetric flow rate (m3 / second). The vehicle on which the tree handling system crane is mounted is equipped with a hydraulic control system by which the operator, via a driver interface with control levers or similar impact means, can rotate the crane to different angular positions in a horizontal plane, maneuver the nose or most extreme tip of the crane to different positions in a vertical plane, and control the external functions of the tree handling unit.The term operator should be interpreted in its broadest sense and can also refer to a computer in the case of forestry machines that are managed through so-called artificial intelligence (AI).

[004] For the loads on the mechanical components Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 10 / 95 3 / 33 included in the tree management system, for example, bearings, axles, struts and hydraulic cylinders, are not excessive, limits are defined for the highest permissible moments and speeds of these. These limits are defined during the development and design process of the tree management system. Limits for the maximum permissible axle moment, dynamic movements and impact forces are defined based on the calculated service life of the tree management system and the fatigue diagrams for the mechanical structures.

[005] The mechanical load on a mechanical component and the resulting risk of partial damage at a given moment may depend on a number of different factors, which are not directly related to the load, but rather related to the function, such as an operator's ability to perform the tree handling system in a careful manner from the point of view of loading. Yet another example of factors that may be considered related to the function arises from the mutual configuration of moving parts of the arm, which an operator has selected for a given work operation, the operator's selection of acceleration and the load that the crane carries at its free end.This means that if the crane has an advantageous position, i.e., the configuration between the mutually moving parts of the boom is favorable, or the crane carries only a small load on its free end, they can increase the limits for the highest permissible force and the moment impacts can be overcome without the load on the components being excessive. Thus, a crane that performs working movements that are careful with the mechanics will have better performance in terms of service life than a crane that works unfavorably. Similarly, a crane that handles smaller loads, for example, a combine harvester attachment lighter than intended, will have superior performance in terms of service life. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, p. 11 / 95 4 / 33 of service life. Furthermore, the forces and moments to which the crane is exposed largely depend on the operator's competence and ability to operate the crane smoothly and carefully, yet efficiently from a production standpoint. Technical Background

[006] It is therefore known previously as calculating the service life of hydraulically driven tree management systems, performing different types of load analyses affecting the tree management system to calculate partial damage. For the calculation of partial damage occurring in a tree management system in so-called spectrum loading, i.e., dynamic loading that occurs irregularly and gives rise to so-called variable amplitude loading, the Palmgren-Miner partial damage analysis is generally applied.

[007] To reduce the amount of input data from measured input signals from detection elements, the so-called Rainflow method is generally applied, whereby complex load sequences of comprehensive data can be converted into equivalent damage cycles. In practice, input data are recorded here in the form of occurrence and load recording and output data in the form of voltage range (amplitude) and average voltage for one or a plurality of specifically loaded parts of a tree management system.

[008] Through the Palmgren-Miner partial damage analysis for calculating service life, the so-called partial damage values ​​are obtained. According to the analytical model that provides the basis for the hypothesis, each cycle with a certain amplitude uses a certain part of the total service life of the parts included in a tree management system and, therefore, of the system as a whole. Partial damage can be calculated over a given period. Theoretically, it calculates Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 12 / 95 5 / 33 states that fractures occur when partial damage exceeds 1.

[009] Common to the methods and arrangements of the prior art is that they manage and control the lifespan of tree management systems based on accumulated partial damage, i.e., a cumulative amount of partial damage to which each new observed partial damage is added. Sensors detect the loading of the tree management system based on sensor data from the sensor elements. A control unit calculates accumulated partial damage during operation, which constitutes the sum of all partial damages that have occurred. Through an interface, the control unit can present the operator with information about accumulated partial damage. The control unit is adapted to receive information about the loading on the tree management system and determine various partial damage values, which are assessed to occur in the tree management system at different loadings.The various estimated partial damages are added to a cumulative partial damage, which constitutes an estimate of the lifespan of the tree management system. The control unit can compare the cumulative partial damage with a normative cumulative partial damage of a tree management system with equivalent operating time and is adapted to limit the loading of the tree management system to a maximum allowable loading value if the cumulative partial damage exceeds the normative partial damage by a predetermined maximum acceptable partial damage value. The difference between these respective curves constitutes a value that determines how much the normative curve can be overloaded before the control unit initiates a load limitation on the tree management system.

[0010] One problem with this method of the previous technique for managing and controlling service life is that the feedback between the accumulated partial damage and any adjustment (limitation) of the current load in Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 13 / 95 6 / 33 The tree management system designed to avoid partial damage makes it difficult for an operator to operate the machine efficiently and carefully, both with sensory monitoring and from the point of view of preventing damage to the machine.

[0011] In practice, it can be said that the known form of managing and controlling the lifespan of a forestry machine tree management system provides information about accumulated partial damage that has already occurred and, therefore, lacks the dynamic feedback and transfer of operational information that can support an operator in a way that is sensorially capable of managing and controlling the operating state of the tree management system in order to avoid partial damage.

[0012] This lack of dynamic feedback between partial damage, adjustment (limitation) of the current load on the tree management system, and the current operational state of the tree management system makes it difficult for a forestry machine operator to sensorially monitor the operation of the tree management system, seeking to operate the machine efficiently and, from the point of view of machine damage, carefully. Furthermore, it must be understood that if an operator has to monitor the machine entirely sensorially, i.e., with the body's sense organs, sight, hearing, etc., to avoid damage, it may in certain cases result in the operator being led in the wrong direction (deceived) and that the damage to the machine that the operator believes can be avoided is actually worsened due to an inadequate operational state of the tree management system.

[0013] A work operation with a tree handling system, which may typically comprise cutting and processing the tree, can be considered to be carried out efficiently and, from the point of view of damage to the machine, carefully by an operator. However, if, for example, the processing of a tree trunk in Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 14 / 95 7 / 33 If the combine harvester's attachment occurs with the tree trunk at a less favorable angle selected by the operator or at a directly inappropriate crane angle, the work operation can, in the worst case, actually damage the machine.

[0014] As indicated above, it should be understood that the prior art method for monitoring and managing service life based on accumulated partial damage and / or presenting information about spent service life to the operator clearly does not provide the knowledge or feedback information about the selected operational state that allows the operator to change driving behavior to avoid or at least reduce the risk of partial damage.

[0015] In this context, it must also be understood that a purely theoretical operator possesses an almost indefinite number of alternative ways to perform each work operation. If the operator had better possibilities to select the ideal operating conditions in each case in order to avoid damage and work more efficiently, it should, in reality, be possible to perform each work operation in a substantially more careful way for the tree handling system without sacrificing the desired production results.

[0016] Furthermore, the management and sensory control of the lifespan of the tree management system is being limited, not least due to the development of modern forestry towards large-scale operation and complexity. For example, components in a tree management system may be replaced by corresponding, but more modern and therefore more powerful components during the lifespan of a tree management system. As an example, whenever the harvester attachment, which was originally suspended at the free end of the crane, is replaced by a new attachment with greater power and the roller motor. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 15 / 95 8 / 33 of the feed will thus generate a greater feed force than the tree handling system crane for which it was originally built. The possibilities for an operator to sensorially assess how the tree handling system should be operated and managed in the most efficient way, from the point of view of damage and production, can be very difficult, especially for a less experienced operator. Summary of the Invention

[0017] A primary objective of the present invention is thus to achieve a method for managing and controlling the service life of a tree management system on a forestry machine, which solves the problem outlined above and improves the possibilities of obtaining an expected service life.

[0018] Another objective of the present invention is to achieve an arrangement for managing and controlling the service life of a tree handling system of a forestry machine, which facilitates an operator's options for sensorially managing and controlling the machine in such a way that the mechanics can be used to their maximum and thus also allows a less experienced operator to utilize the full capacity of the machine without substantially increasing the risk of damage.

[0019] Both objectives of the present invention are achieved through a method and arrangement of the type shown in claims 1 and 11, respectively. Other features and advantages of the present invention appear from the dependent claims.

[0020] The insight that forms the basis of the present invention is that better possibilities for managing and controlling the service life of a tree management system of a forestry machine can be obtained if the control parameters used for a service life calculation are used as feedback and relate to a real causal link, that is, Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 16 / 95 9 / 33 In principle, the aim is to achieve a system that can function dynamically by determining a key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n that describes a measured value X that relates to the operation of the tree management system and is representative of the risk of partial damage in relation to the specific report on a current operational state db:1-db:n of the tree management system. The key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n therefore describes the operating mode of an operator, operating or maneuvering the tree management system and, therefore, also the risk of partial damage.

[0021] By comparing at least one of the current partial damage values ​​determined SL, SM, SH with a normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX for a normative operational state db:1db:n of the tree management system that corresponds to the current key indicator Ni:1-Ni:ne, therefore also determines a change that affects the measured value X of the key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n in such a way that the current partial value SL, SM, SH reverts to or at least approaches a level that corresponds to the normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX for the current key indicator, the operator who sensorially monitors the machine obtains support that makes it possible to perform the work in an operational state suitable for the machine, implying that the machine is not exposed to unnecessary loads and therefore damage that reduces its service life.Since the main indicator Ni:1-Ni:n describes a measured value X that is based on a current operational state db:1-db:n, it should be understood that the measured value X is not only about the impact force as such, but also about the operator's selection of the operational state from among the substantially indefinite number of operational states that would alternatively be available to the operator.

[0022] In one embodiment of the invention, it is worth considering the determination of at least one key indicator for a first Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, p. 17 / 95 10 / 33 work unit or group of machine units that are included, for example, in a crane and at least one key indicator for a second work unit or group of machine units. Other ways for various types of reference groups to divide a plurality of several key indicators are also conceivable.

[0023] Thus, the present invention enables the identification of partial damage changes in a tree management system of a forestry machine, to store information about the changes and use information about the changes to present key numbers that momentarily describe a combination of the current operational state and the occurrence of partial damage to the tree management system. Presented in a suitable operator interface, this information can serve as support or supplement to an operator's bodily senses and thus also cause operators to change their driving behavior in order to reduce the risk of partial damage. Brief Description of the Figures in the Drawings

[0024] The invention is described in more detail below based on an exemplary embodiment, shown in the accompanying drawing; wherein;

[0025] Figure 1 schematically shows an arrangement for managing and controlling the service life of a tree management system included in forestry machines according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 schematically shows a block diagram of a system included in an arrangement for the management and control of the service life of a tree management system according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 schematically shows a flow diagram of a system with an actuator that makes it possible to vary the load. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 18 / 95 11 / 33 in the executing members included in a tree management system,

[0028] Figure 4 schematically shows a graph in a diagram of how a measured value X of a key indicator can vary depending on the operational state of the tree management system selected by an operator, where the Y-axis of the diagram shows the first sensor data which are based on the load from the pressure sensors, and the X-axis shows the second sensor data which are representative of the mutual relationship between at least two units of the adjustable or manageable tree management system and thus in practice immediately related to the operator's selection of operational state, for example, crane angle selection,

[0029] Figure 5A shows in a diagram how the accumulated partial damage to a tree management system can vary by virtue of the relative activation period At during which a partial damage Sn is determined, where the partial damage is divided into three classes denoted PL, PM, PH,

[0030] Figure 5B shows in a diagram a number of graphs on the curves showing how accumulated partial damage to a tree management system can vary with operating time in hours T. In the diagram, A denotes a predetermined normal curve and A' a load limiting curve, B denotes the current operating point.

[0031] Figure 5C shows a detailed magnification, from which an operating point B for a PB load based on a current operating state db:1-db:n selected by an operator during an activation period At appears, and in which the magnification AX denotes a normative curve and A'X a partial damage limitation curve, which corresponds to a normative running operating state dbX:1-dbX:n of the tree management system for the state Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 19 / 95 12 / 33 operational execution current db:1-db:n of the tree management system, selected by the operator,

[0032] Figure 6 shows, by means of a system block diagram, how the first and second sensor data 13:1-13:n are used to monitor an operating condition and determine a key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n based on a data file describing the operating condition.

[0033] Figure 7 shows, by means of a block diagram, how the first and second sensor data 13:1-13:n are used to monitor an operational condition and determine a key indicator Ni:1-Ni:ne, thus a value X measured based on an operational state of the tree management system selected by the operator.

[0034] Figure 8 shows a flowchart describing the management and control of the lifespan of a tree management system of a forestry machine during an activation period At and how the current partial damage values ​​determined SL, SM, SH are compared with the normative partial damage values ​​SLX, SMX, SHX, which are selected based on a given key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) with a measured X value and how this measured value can be changed by means of a drive included in the present invention,

[0035] Figure 9 shows a user interface with a graphical representation on a screen of a given key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n with a measured X value that is presented on a first axis, i.e. the Y-axis, and a cumulative variable, such as accumulated partial damage Σ Sn on a second axis, the X-axis,

[0036] Figure 10 shows a flowchart describing how an arrangement for managing and controlling the lifespan of a tree management system works, and where a current partial damage value SL, SM, SH is compared with a partial damage value Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 20 / 95 13 / 33 normative SLX, SMX, SHX, which is selected based on a given key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n with a measured X value and how a given change of a measured X value, through a trigger, results in the current partial damage value SL, SM, SH reverting to or at least approaching a level that corresponds to the normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX. Detailed Description of an Embodiment of the Invention

[0037] Figure 1 schematically shows a hydraulically operated tree handling system, generally denoted 1, comprising a crane 1A, which at its free end carries a tree handling unit 1B, which in this document is constituted by a harvester attachment, but which alternatively may be constituted by a timber grapple or similar. The tree handling system 1 is carried on a vehicle 1C, a so-called forestry machine. A driver's cab is denoted 2.

[0038] The crane 1A substantially comprises a first boom 4, designated as the strut or vertical boom, a second boom 5, designated as the lifting arm, and a third boom 6, designated as the rocker arm. The strut 4 is fixed in a housing, which is again supported by the vehicle chassis or a structure. The strut 4 and thus the crane 1A can oscillate at an angle φ1 about a vertical axis 10A in a horizontal plane, which is illustrated by a double arrow in Figure 1. The oscillation of the crane 1 about the vertical axis 10A in the horizontal plane occurs conventionally by means of a first means of execution 7:1 and is controlled by a first angle sensor 11:1.

[0039] The strut 4 and the lifting arm 5 are coupled together in a joint 9 for oscillation about a first horizontal axis 10B, which is controlled by a second means of execution 7:2. An angle φ2 about the first horizontal axis 10B, between the strut 4 and the lifting arm of Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, p. 21 / 95 The 14 / 33 lifting arm 5 is controlled by a second angle sensor 11:2. In turn, the lifting arm 5 is coupled together with the rocker arm 6 in a second joint 11. The angle about a second horizontal axis 10C between the lifting arm 5 and the rocker arm 7 is manipulated by a third means of execution 7:3. The angle φ3 between said lifting arm 5 and the rocker arm 7 is controlled by a third angle sensor 11:3. The rocker arm 6 has a movable projecting boom 13, and as illustrated by a double arrow, the rocker arm can be extended or shortened by a length L1 in its longitudinal direction by means of a fourth running means 7:4, which is accommodated within the rocker arm 6. The crane 1A included in the tree handling system 1 thus comprises a number of arm parts 4, 5, 6 and 7, which are rotatable relative to each other and between such arm parts, said position sensors 11:1-11:n are arranged.The aforementioned 11:1-11:n position sensors can thus emit a signal, which is a measure of the angle of twist of the current shaft and therefore also the relative angular position of the arm parts and thus the overall maneuvering position of the crane, as selected by the operator 3.

[0040] The position of a moving unit is generally determined by an output signal from a resistive sensor, generally of the potentiometer type, which is mechanically coupled to the unit to be monitored. Resolver or pulse generation type position sensors can also be used for this purpose. Recently, the gyroscope has also been introduced to measure the relative state of moving parts. It should be understood that the term position sensor according to the present invention should be interpreted in its broadest sense and that the term gyroscope should also be considered to be included.

[0041] The movements of the tree management system 1 are Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 22 / 95 15 / 33 managed and controlled by said operator 3 via an operator interface 28 which includes a maneuvering unit with a control lever 16 or similar impact means in an operator's cab 2. In the operator's cab 2, there is also a graphical user interface for the operator 3 in the form of a monitor or screen 17, which thus forms an indication means whose purpose will be described in more detail below. For each execution means 7:1 7: a respective pressure sensor 12:1-12:n is arranged, and a linear measurement sensor may also be arranged, measuring the boom projection length 13 or distance L1 in the longitudinal direction of the rocker arm 6.

[0042] For each of the 1 axes of movement of crane 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, there is therefore one or a plurality of position sensors comprising said angle sensors 11:1-11:n, as well as said linear measurement sensors 11:4. The twist angles on the three axes 10A, 10B, 10C are denoted φ1 - φ3 in the Figure and extend along the length 6 of the rocker arm denoted L1.

[0043] Figure 2 shows a diagnostic unit 20, included in the present invention, comprising a measuring means 22, which is coupled to an exemplary pressure sensor 12:1, and which reads the pressure of the crane's operating means 1A 7:1 for crane oscillation in a horizontal plane about the vertical axis 10A. The pressure sensor 12:1 can measure the internal pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the crane's operating means 7:1 for oscillation and thus output sensor data comprising a steady state (Swedish: fortvarighets- och transienttillstând) of said operating means.

[0044] The 12:1 sensor exemplified may clearly consist of any of the 12:1-12:n pressure sensors, 11:1-11:n angle sensors mentioned above of the various parts or Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, p. 23 / 95 16 / 33 means that are included in the tree management system 1 or a combination of said sensors.

[0045] In an exemplary object below, a first exemplary embodiment will be described closer to an arrangement according to the present invention in relation to the crane 1A included in the tree handling system 1 based on said first carrying means 7:1 for crane oscillation and the pressure sensor 12:1 associated with this drive means.

[0046] In this context, it should be understood that an arrangement corresponding to that described here can be arranged for calculating partial damage to a single or an optional number of components that are included in a tree management system 1. The selection of the component or components that are monitored by sensors obviously depends on the load values ​​that are of interest for calculating partial damage to the tree management system.

[0047] Furthermore, with reference to Figure 2, a microprocessor-based processing unit (CPU) 24 is coupled to the measuring medium 22 and an A / D converter 25 is disposed between said measuring medium 22 and the control unit. It should be understood that the component selection indicated in this exemplary object between the sensor 21 and the control unit 24 is not limiting for the present invention, but may vary depending on the type of sensor and the steady state of the crane components 1 to be measured. The diagnostic unit 20 further comprises a calculation medium 29A coupled to the control unit for calculating damage arising in the tree management system 1, based on operational parameters measured through the sensor 12:1. Hereafter, the measurement data, which via the A / D converter 25 are addressed to the control unit 24, are generally designated as first and second sensor data. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 24 / 95 17 / 33 13:1-13:n, wherein the first sensor data refers to pressure sensor data representing a current load PT on at least one of the crane and the tree handling unit included in the present tree handling system, and the second sensor data refers to position sensor data representing the mutual relationship between at least two in the tree handling system, for example, adjustable or operator-maneuverable units.

[0048] Calculation means 29A consists of a so-called predictor for the purpose of predicting damage or breakage of one or a combination of crane parts, which in this case, in the exemplary object, consists only of the first execution means 1A of the 7:1 crane. Calculation means 29A is provided to perform a partial damage calculation. Diagnostic unit 20 also comprises a memory 26 for storing the results of each current partial damage calculation and accumulated partial damage. In memory 26, a data file with specific reference data 27 can also be recorded, which may occur in connection with the renewal of the tree management system 1 or the vehicle 1C on which the tree management system is intended to be mounted. Diagnostic unit 20 also includes a means 29B for determining a key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n, whose function is described in more detail below.

[0049] The diagnostic unit 20 further comprises an actuator 23, which is operationally coupled to the control unit 24 and thus also to the first 7:1 execution means for oscillating the crane about the vertical axis 10A shown in the exemplary object. The actuator 23 is provided to adjust the first 7:1 execution operation based on the aforementioned measuring means 22 to measure the pressure sensor value 12:1 in the execution means. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 25 / 95 18 / 33 7:1.

[0050] Figure 3 further shows a hydraulic system 30, which is arranged in the various execution means 7:1-7:n of crane 1A for maneuvering the crane. The hydraulic system 30 comprises a hydraulic pump 31 by which the first execution means 7:1 and other execution means 7:2-7:n are actuated by hydraulic fluid supplied by the pump. However, in the exemplary object, the Figure shows only the first execution means 7:1. Between the first execution means 7:1 (e.g., each execution means 7:1-7:n) and the pump 31, there is an electro-hydraulic valve 32 (e.g., a valve block) that controls the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump 31 to the first execution means 7:1, so that crane 1A can be maneuvered in the manner desired by the operator 3 by impact of the control lever 16 of the maneuvering unit.

[0051] Purely for functional reasons, the actuator 23 consists of the aforementioned electric hydraulic valve 31 because it controls and adjusts the hydraulic flow and, as described initially, thus also the energy that is supplied to the first means of execution 7:1 for oscillation of the crane 1A. The hydraulic valve 32 may be of the type that allows the pressure and flow to be digitally controlled.

[0052] The electrical operation of hydraulic valve 31 is performed via control unit 24 and operator control lever 316. Control unit 24 comprises software with an adjustable structure, which can synchronously control the flow to and from the first means of execution 7:1 of crane 10 for oscillation due to the state of control lever 16. Control lever 16 communicates with control unit 24, and other components respectively, via an integrated CAN interface. Program routine control via PWM emits proportional magnets in electro-hydraulic pilot valves that are included in hydraulic valve 32. In memory 26 of Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 26 / 95 19 / 33 control computer 24, there are valve control curves 26a in software form, which are adapted to control the hydraulic flow for the first means of execution 7:1 for crane oscillation. Furthermore, there are correction factor curves 27a, 28a with which the valve control curves 26a can be adjusted by parameters in such a way that the hydraulic flow of the pump 31, for example, in the full external position of the control lever 16, can be limited in a predetermined manner. The actuator 23 is also referred to as the action unit and its function according to the present invention is described in more detail below.

[0053] The control unit 24 shown in Figure 2 is therefore adapted to control the operation of crane 1 with respect to information on the power (hydraulic power) PB requested by operator 3 from the first means of execution 7:1. Operator 3 therefore requests the desired hydraulic power PB from the first means of execution 7:1 and correspondingly clearly also for the other hydraulically effective drive sets 7:2-7:n that are included in the tree handling system 1 by impact of the control lever 16.

[0054] As mentioned above, the degree of opening of the hydraulic valve 32 and therefore the flow to the drive assembly 7a for the crane's oscillation is controlled by means of software which includes valve control curves 26a and the aforementioned correction factor curves 27a, 28a. The pressure sensor 12:1 which is included in the first execution means 7:1 for crane oscillation is adapted to transmit substantially continuously the data from the first sensor 13:1 to the control unit 24 with information on the internal pressure of the execution means 7:1. With information on said internal pressure, the control unit 24 can estimate the load PT on crane 1 for the part concerning the Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 27 / 95 20 / 33 referred to as the means of execution (hydraulic cylinder). Other means of execution 7: 2-7:n other parts equipped with pressure sensors 12:1-12:n, angle sensors 11:1-11:n or linear measurement sensors can, according to the present invention, obviously be detected in a corresponding manner and provide data from the second sensor 13:1-13:n to the control unit 24.

[0055] A tree handling system 1 of the present type is an expensive component. It is therefore desirable that the tree handling system 1 should be able to achieve the same service life as the vehicle 1C as a whole. In this way, extensive costs for repair or replacement of the tree handling system can be avoided. The service life of a tree handling system 1 is strongly linked to the PT load to which it is exposed during operation by an operator 3.

[0056] Figure 1 illustrates the PT load on crane 1A in general with an arrow. Due to experience and statistical calculations, it is possible to determine with good accuracy how individual PT loads reduce service life. Hereinafter, a reduction in theoretical service life is designated as partial damage S. Partial damage can be expressed in parts, for example, time, an estimated theoretical service life in operating hours. Partial damage can, for example, be expressed in millionths of the calculated service life of the tree handling system in operating hours. When an accumulated partial damage Σ Sn, which is due to single loads n on the crane, reaches the value 1.0, the theoretical service life of the tree handling system is obtained.

[0057] Figure 5A shows an example of a connection between partial damage Sn and individual loads PTn in a tree management system 1. This connection is stored in the 24 connected calculation means of the control unit 29. In this case, the individual loads PTn in the tree management system 1 were divided into three classes, namely PL, PM, PH. PL here corresponds to an area Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 28 / 95 21 / 33 with low loading, PM corresponds to an area with medium loading and PH corresponds to an area with high loading. In an area with a load lower than that of area PL, the loading on the first execution means of the tree handling system 1 (crane 1A) 7:1 for swinging is so low that no partial damage Sn is considered likely to occur. When the first execution means of the 7:1 crane 1A for swinging is loaded in the area with low loading, PL appears with partial damage with a low value SL. When the first execution means of the 7:1 crane 1A for swinging is loaded in the area with medium loading, PM appears with partial damage with a medium value SM. When the first execution means of the 7:1 crane 1A for swinging is loaded in the area with high loading, PH appears with partial damage with a high value SH.It appears from the diagram that the partial damage value increases significantly with loading on the first 7:1 running medium and therefore crane 1A. The single loading value, PTn, which is applied to determine the partial damage Sn, can be constituted by the highest loading value PTn within a normative activation period At of the first 7:1 running medium of crane 1A for swing. The normative activation period At refers to a predetermined time period, which is used to classify a loading area PL, PM, PH that a loading value PTn generates.

[0058] Figure 5B also shows a curve A in the form of a straight line illustrating an accumulated partial damage Σ Sn which constitutes an estimate of the spent useful life of tree management system 1 in hours T (h). Tree management system 1 thus achieves a theoretical useful life, as the accumulated partial damage Σ Sn = 1.0, that is, in this case in an operating time H of, for example, 20,000 h. The curve A', also in the form of a straight line, denotes a limiting curve of Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 29 / 95 22 / 33 Partial damage. For the tree management system 1 to be highly likely to achieve its theoretical lifespan T, it must not be loaded more than what will be considered normal. To prevent the tree management system from being loaded so much that the accumulated partial damage Σ Sn increases too rapidly relative to curve A, the limiting curve A' mentioned above is used. The limiting curve A' shows the maximum acceptable value of accumulated partial damage Σ Sn as a function of operating time T in hours. This curve A' is intended to constitute an upper limit that the unique operating points B of the tree management system 1 cannot be exceeded. The difference between curve A and curve A' constitutes a value that determines how much the normative curve can be overloaded before the control unit 24, via the actuator 23, initiates a load limitation on the tree management system 1.The limit curve A' progressively approaches the normal curve A with increasing operating time T, such that curves A and A' coincide when the theoretical service life of tree management system 1 is reached.

[0059] During operation of tree management system 1, control unit 24, by means of calculation means 29A, is adapted to estimate the current operating points B for the tree management system by means of the accumulated partial damage Σ Sn and information on the operating time H of the tree management system.

[0060] Figure 5B further shows how the operating points B for the tree handling system can vary in steps with the operating time T. If a current operating point B is tangent to or exceeds the limit curve A', the control unit 24 is thus adapted to limit the loading on the tree handling system 1. The control unit 24 can thus be adapted to prevent the execution means 7:1 from oscillating the crane 1A and thus the overall crane is loaded within the high loading area PH, even Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 30 / 95 23 / 33 if operator 3 with control lever 16 requests a hydraulic flow for the first execution means 7:1 and therefore an energy that requires the PT loading of the crane within the high loading area PH. Under such circumstances, control unit 24 initiates a PT loading of crane 1 within the medium loading area PM and a lower hydraulic flow is obtained than the requested PB. In this way, the high partial damage values ​​SH that originate from PT loadings of crane 1 in the high loading zone PH are avoided. As such a limitation of the loading of crane 1 is introduced, the subsequent operating points B, at least after a time, end below the limiting curve A'. In cases where the loading of crane 1A of the tree handling system 1 is limited, this is adequately indicated by means of the indication means 17, so that operator 3 is aware that the loading is limited.The indicating means 17 can also include the function of alerting an operator 3 that the current operating points B are beginning to approach the limiting curve A'. The indicating means 17 can also continuously show the current loading point B and its state relative to curves A, A'. When the operating points fall below the limiting curve A' by a certain value or reach the normative curve, the load limitation of crane 1 ceases. In this way, crane 1 can be used again within the high loading area PH. In this case, the operating points B form a curve B' that coincides with curves A, A', as the theoretical service life of crane 1 is reached.

[0061] It should be understood that the above description, which is based on the analysis of partial damage and accumulated partial damage, substantially constitutes the technique of the prior art for managing and monitoring the service life of forestry machines. The fact that Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 31 / 95 24 / 33 accumulating partial damage means that in practice it has already occurred, and therefore lacks the dynamic feedback that is necessary to support an operator in managing and sensorially controlling a tree management system. This is why an operator can avoid partial damage while simultaneously allowing the tree management system to be used to its full potential.

[0062] With reference to Figure 5C, the increase of a portion of an area between the aforementioned curves A, A' is shown in detail. An operational point for a loading PB that, by virtue of a current operational state db:1-db:n of the tree management system selected by the operator during an activation period At is denoted B. A normative curve is denoted AX, and a partial damage limitation curve is denoted A'X, wherein each of the aforementioned curves may correspond to a normative operational state of execution dbX:1-dbX:n of the tree management system for the current and therefore real operational state of execution db:1-db:n of the tree management system selected by an operator 3.

[0063] Also with reference to Figure 6, according to the present invention, a current key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n during an activation period At is determined based on at least the aforementioned first sensor data 13:1-13:n. The activation period At here refers to the predetermined time period during which partial damage Sn is normally determined. The key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n here describes a measured value X that relates to the operation of the tree management system 1, whose measured value is representative of the risk of partial damage in relation to specific reports on a current operational state (db:1-db:n) of the tree management system. The report on the current operational state db:1-db:n of the tree management system 1 is obtained by the control unit 24 by comparing the data obtained from the sensor. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 32 / 95 25 / 33 13:1-13:n with reference data 27 in memory. In a subsequent step, at least one of the determined current partial damage values ​​SL, SM, SH is compared with a normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX, retrieved from reference data 27, for a normative operational state db:1X-db:nX of the tree management system 1 corresponding to the current key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n. The aforementioned normative operational state db:1X-db:nX is therefore stored in memory as reference data 27 and represents a predetermined optimal operational state of the tree management system 1 that corresponds to, or at least substantially corresponds to, the current operational state db:1-db:n of the tree management system 1 established through sensor data 13:1-13:n.

[0064] As shown in partial enlargement in Figure 5C, according to the present invention, the normative curve A and the partial damage limitation curve A' can be adjusted with respect to said normative operating state db:1X-db:nX with respect to the key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n. The normative curve A adjusted for the running operating state, respectively, the partial damage limitation curve A' is thus denoted AX respectively A'X in partial enlargement.

[0065] The present arrangement can be self-learning insofar as a change affecting a measured value X that is identified and stored in memory 26 can constitute a change that radically reduces the risk of partial damage to the tree management system in a specific work operation. A change that is identified and stored can preferably be a change that has a positive effect on the key indicators monitored. As the information can be stored in memory 26, it is possible for external users to obtain, process, or share information via the internet. The change in Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 33 / 95 26 / 33 The issue may be a change related to the replacement of individual components or units included in the tree management system, for example, replacing an older harvester attachment at the end of the crane with a more modern and powerful harvester attachment. Changes in the mutual working modes of the crane and / or harvester attachment in the performance of certain types of work operations (tree cutting - processing) may positively affect the measured value X in relation to the risk of partial damage. The change may also be related to the replacement of the machine configuration or operating parameters, servicing or replacing a worn machine part, an altered working method, an altered operating mode of a machine operator, or some other similar change.

[0066] To prevent the tree management system 1 from being overloaded, a change is determined that affects the measured value X of the key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n in such a way that the current partial damage value SL, SM, SH returns to, or at least approaches, a level that corresponds to the normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX for the current key indicator.As shown in the graph in Figure 4, this can occur by the load on the tree management system being automatically reduced by means of actuator 23 or by operator 3, via the operating interface 28, which receives commands according to which, by means of the impact of the control lever 16, the operator must seek to limit the load, for example, by maneuvering the crane 1A of the tree management system 1, the harvester attachment 1B or a similar unit into a more suitable or advantageous position from the point of view of loading, or working mode to change the measured value X Ni:1-Ni:n of the key indicator and thus, as much as possible, avoid partial damage. The latter, that is, the measured value X and therefore the risk of damage. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 34 / 95 27 / 33 partial can be reduced, it is simply done by the operator in a work operation, based on the aforementioned data from the second sensor related to the 13:1-13:n state, through information from the operator interface 28, which chooses to change the relative angle of twist φ1 - φ3 between two adjustable arm parts on the crane 1A that is included in the tree handling system 1.

[0067] Figure 5C illustrates the aforementioned change in the measured X value with an arrow that transfers the operating point B to a normal working area between both curves A, A', alternatively AX, A'X.

[0068] Figure 7 shows a flowchart, which describes how the present invention can manage and control the service life of a tree management system 1, comparing partial damage that actually occurs with the partial damage that, for example, tree cutting and processing should normally involve. Abnormally large partial damage may occur, for example, in the case of a less experienced operator operating the system in an inappropriate manner that generates abnormally high partial damage. In any circumstances, the control unit 24 of the arrangement according to the present invention reacts to the sensor data 13:1-13:ne and takes damage limitation actions, so that the partial damage that occurred returns to a normal level.

[0069] In step S20, the process begins. In step S21, based on data from sensor 13:1-13:n, a current actual partial damage value SL, SM, SH of tree management system 1 is determined.

[0070] In step S22, based on sensor data 13:1-13:n, a key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n is determined, describing a measured X value for the operation of tree management system 1. In step S23, a normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX corresponding to the key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n operational status of the tree management system is determined. In step S24, it is evaluated Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 35 / 95 28 / 33 if the current partial damage value SL, SM, SH is greater than or equal to the normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX for the current key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n. If this is not the case, control system 24 does not initiate any PT load limitation in the tree management system. However, if the current partial damage value SL, SM, SH is greater than or equal to the normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX for the current key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n, a change in the measured value X is determined, shifting the operating point B for tree management system 1 towards the normative partial damage value SLX, SMX, SHX for the current key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n.

[0071] Figure 9 schematically shows an example of an operator or user interface 28 with a graphical representation on a screen of a given key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n with a measured X value presented on a first axis, i.e., the Y-axis, and a cumulative variable, such as accumulated partial damage Σ Sn on a second axis, i.e., the X-axis. Through the driver interface 28, information can be presented to the operator 3 about the operational state db:1-db:n of the tree management system 1 during a monitored time period, as well as through an indicator line 45, information about a change in the measured X value of the key indicator that is carried out, for example, that the power in the first means of crane execution 1A 7:1 for crane oscillation through the actuator 23 from 100% of the power level 48 is reduced by 10% to avoid partial damage.If the measured X value of the key indicator, and therefore the partial damage during verification during a subsequent activation period At, is still too high, the control unit 24 may take further power reduction actions via actuator 23. If no further partial damage is reported, the power limitations in the 7:1-7:n running medium may revert to normal levels, i.e., 100% power. Information about a. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 36 / 95 29 / 33 The measured X value changed from the key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n can be provided by the aforementioned indicator line 45. A signal pattern 46 can be arranged on the indicator line 45, where a respective signal pattern 46 can provide information about the change in combination with informative text. Through color perception, the colors green, yellow, and red can inform an operator 3 about the degree of a measured X value changed in a signal pattern 46, where the colors form a generally known scale, in which red signifies a very high risk of partial damage and also that a very high power reduction in the 7:1-7:n execution medium is carried out through the actuator 23. A normal level at 100% of the output power in the 7:1-7:n execution medium is denoted 48.

[0072] Figure 10 shows a flow diagram describing a method according to the present invention with respect to crane 1A and the first embodiment 7:1, which is used for oscillation of the crane in the horizontal plane, wherein each of said units is included in a tree handling system 1 according to the present invention.

[0073] In step S1, the process begins. In step S2, control unit 24 receives a request from operator 3, via control lever 16, for the desired hydraulic flow PB and thus the power of the first execution means 1A of the crane 7:1 for crane oscillation. With knowledge of the current accumulated partial damage Σ Sn and the operating time H, control unit 24, in step S3, determines the current operating point B for the first execution means 7:1. In step S4, control unit 24 compares whether the operating point B is tangent to or lies above the limiting curve A', A'X. If this is not the case, control unit 24 does not initiate any load limitation PT on the first execution means 7:1, which in step S5 provides the requested hydraulic flow and therefore the power. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 37 / 95 30 / 33 PB.

[0074] Subsequently, control unit 24, thus, in step S6, establishes whether the PT loading in the first execution medium 7:1 is a single PTn loading value, which should be used to estimate partial damage:

[0075] If the loading PT is not considered as a single loading PTn value, the process starts again from the beginning, without any partial damage S being recorded.

[0076] A single PTn load value for partial damage determination may, for example, consist of a higher PT load value within an activation period At of the first execution means 7:1 and therefore of crane 1A.

[0077] In step S7, it is evaluated whether the single loading value The PTn that should be used to estimate partial damage S is a single load value PTn with a partial damage Sn within the area: PL, PM, PH or a load value PTnX with key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n.

[0078] However, if the load value PT constitutes a single load value determining partial damage PTn, it is estimated in step S8 within the load area PL, PM, PH where the load value PTn lies (see Figure 5A). Subsequently, in step S8, the partial damage SL, SM, SH corresponding to the load value PTn is determined. This SL, SM, SH value thus constitutes a partial damage Sn for the load value PTn. In step S9, the partial damage Sn is added to the accumulated partial damage Σ Sn, so that a new value of the accumulated partial damage Σ Sn is obtained.

[0079] Subsequently the process starts again from the beginning.

[0080] If control unit 24, in step S4, instead verifies that operating point B is tangent to or above the limit curve A', A'X (see Figures 5B and 5C), control unit 24 is adapted. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 38 / 95 31 / 33 to limit the PT load on the first 7:1 execution medium for crane 1A swing. Control unit 24 thus determines, in step S10, a maximum PTmax value which is the highest permissible load on the first 7:1 execution medium. Control unit 24 can, for example, limit the load on the first 7:1 execution medium PTmax to the PM value, which prevents loading on the first 7:1 execution medium within the high-pressure PH area. Control unit 24 can also, in step S10, determine the flow power Pmax that is obtained with the maximum permissible load on the first 7:1 execution medium. In step S11, control unit 24 determines whether the flow power PB requested by the operator is equal to or less than the maximum permissible flow power Pmax.If this is the case, it means that the requested power PB can be permitted, and the first 7:1 execution medium is loaded, in step S5, with the load PT, which is therefore less than the maximum permitted load in the first 7:1 execution, meaning PTmax. After that, the process continues with step S6 and, optionally, steps S8 and S9 in a corresponding manner, as described above. If the control unit 24, in step S11, instead verifies that the operator requests a power PB that is greater than the maximum permitted power PB, the control unit 24 is adapted to limit the power to the maximum permitted power Pmax. In this way, the control unit 24 limits the load PT in the first 7:1 execution medium, in step S12, to the maximum permitted load value PTmax. Subsequently, the process continues with step S6 and, optionally, steps S8 and S9 in a corresponding manner, as described above.

[0081] According to the present invention, the control unit 24, in step S7, thus establishes whether the PT loading in the first 7:1 execution medium is a single PTn loading value with partial damage Sn within the area: PL, PM, PH or a value of Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 39 / 95 32 / 33 PTnX loading with key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n related to the operation of the first execution means 7:1 and that it is representative of the risk of partial damage in relation to the specific report on a current operational state in execution (db:1-db:n) of the first execution medium 7:1.

[0082] If control unit 24, in step S7, instead of as described above, verifies that the partial damage determination load value PTn is a load value PTnX with key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n, it is estimated in step S13, within which the load area SLX, SMX, SHX the load value PTnX with key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) is found (see Figures 5A-5C). Subsequently, in step S13, the partial damage SLX, SMX, SHX that corresponds to the load value PTnX is determined. This SLX, SMX, SHX value therefore constitutes a partial damage SnX, which is related to a given Ni:1-Ni:n in relation to the specific report on a current operational state db:1-db:n of the first execution medium 7:1.

[0083] In step S9, the partial damage SnX with key indicator Ni:1Ni:n is added to the previous accumulated partial damage Σ Sn, so that a new value of the accumulated partial damage Σ Sn is obtained.

[0084] If, according to the present invention, in step S13, it is verified that the partial damage SL, SM, SH is a partial damage SnX with key indicator Ni:1-Ni:n, the control system 24 ensures that the operator 3, in step S14, is warned of the prevailing harmful operating conditions (e.g., reckless driving, improper crane angle, etc.) through the indicating means 17 (the interface 28) in the driver's cab 2 and, furthermore, the control means 24, in step S15, can determine a new PTmax' which is the maximum permissible load in the 7:1 running means of the crane 1 for swinging. In step 44, the control unit 24 determines the new Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 40 / 95 33 / 33 flow power Pmax', which, due to the prevailing detrimental operating conditions, indicates a new maximum permissible load in the crane's 7:1A operating medium for 1A swing.

[0085] As described above, the PT load on the first hydraulic cylinder 10 and thus the crane 1 is limited by the aforementioned new PTmax' of the actuator 23 coupled in operating mode to the control unit 24.

[0086] Subsequently, the process starts again from the beginning. Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page 41 / 95

Claims

1 / 7 CLAIMS 1. A method for managing and controlling the service life of a tree handling system (1), comprising a crane (1A) equipped with a tree handling unit (1B), wherein the tree handling system is activatable at variable load values ​​by means of hydraulically actuated means of execution (7:1-7:n), each of which can create a force impact on the tree handling system (1) and are activatable at variable load values ​​(PT) by an operator's impact on a control lever, which, by means of a hydraulic system, adjusts a hydraulic flow to and from said means of execution (7:1-7:n), wherein the tree handling system (1) and associated means of execution form part of a forestry machine,and whose method comprises: obtaining initial sensor data (13:1-13:n) from pressure sensors representing a current load (PT) on at least one of the crane (1A) and the tree handling unit (1B) included in the tree handling system (1), determining a current partial damage value (SL, SM, SH), which during a normative activation period (At) is considered to occur in the tree handling system (1) at various loads (PT) in the tree handling system (1), characterized in that it further comprises: determining a key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n), which describes a measured value (X) that refers to an operation of the tree handling system (1) and is representative of a partial damage risk in relation to the specific report on a current operating state (db:1-db:n) of the tree handling system (1), comparing the current partial damage value (SL, SM, SH) with a normative partial damage value (SLX, SMX,SHX) for a normative operational status (db:1X-db:nX) of the tree management system Petition 870250062918, dated 07 / 22 / 2025, page. 42 / 95 2 / 7 (1) which corresponds to the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) and determine a change that affects the measured value (X) of the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) such that the current partial damage value (SL, SM, SH) returns to or approaches a level that corresponds to the normative partial damage value (SLX, SMX, SHX) for the key indicator, wherein said change affecting the measured value (X) is executed by an actuator (23) fixed to a control unit (24), reducing the hydraulic flow of at least one of the means of execution (7:1-7:n), so as to limit the loading (PT) of the tree management system (1) to a predetermined maximum loading value (PTmax).

2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the step of adding each estimated partial damage (SL, SM, SH) to an accumulated partial damage (Σ Sn), which constitutes an estimate of a total spent service life of the tree management system (1).

3. Method, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the change in the measured value (X) of the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) comprises limiting the loading (PT) of the tree management system (1) to the highest permissible loading value (PMAX), if the partial damage value (SL, SM, SH) exceeds the normative partial damage value (SLX, SMX, SHX) that results from the given key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n).

4. Method, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises obtaining the second sensor data (13:1-13:n) from position sensors, which are representative of the mutual relationship between at least two units of the adjustable and maneuverable tree management system, wherein the current key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) is determined based on the combination of said first and second sensor data. Petition 870250062918, dated 22 / 07 / 2025, p. 43 / 95 3 / 7 5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises presenting on a driver interface (28) to an operator (3) of the tree management system (1) information about the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) together with information about the current operational state (db:1-db:n) of the tree management system (1) during a monitored time period; or presenting to the operator (3) a change in the measured value (X) of the key indicator that occurs and how it will affect the key indicator, or suggesting to the operator (3) a change in a measured value (X) of the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) and how it will affect the key indicator.

6. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises changing the operational state (db:1db:n) of the tree management system (1) to manage the measured value (X) of the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) towards a desired value according to a difference between the key indicator and the change presented in a driver interface (28).

7. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises changing the operational state (db:1db:n) of the tree handling system (1) to manage the current key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) towards a desired value (X) measured by limiting a hydraulic flow to one or more means of execution (7:1-7:n) included in at least one of the following units: the crane (1A), the tree handling unit (1B) or a combination of said units to the highest permissible loading value (PMAX).

8. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises storing in a database or a memory (26) information about a change that may affect Petition 870250062918, of 22 / 07 / 2025, page 44 / 95 4 / 7 a measured value (X) of the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n).

9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the information about a change comprises at least one of the following: type of change, value (X) measured before the change compared to the value (X) measured after the change, operational state (db:1-db:n) before the change compared to the operational state (db:1-db:n) after the change.

10. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the change is automatically determined by the control unit (24) based on said first sensor data (13:1-13:n) from pressure sensors (12:1-12:n) and second sensor data (13:1-13:n) from position sensors (11:1-11:n).

11. Arrangement for managing and controlling the service life of a tree management system (1) for a forestry machine, which arrangement comprises: a crane (1A) carrying a tree management unit (1B), means of execution (7:1-7:n) each of which can create a force impact on the tree management system (1) and are activatable with variable load values ​​(PT) through an impact of the operator's control lever (16) (3), which by means of a hydraulic system (30) adjusts a hydraulic flow to and from said means of execution, wherein the arrangement further comprises: a control unit (24) adjusted to receive information about the load (PT) on at least one of the crane (1A) and the tree management unit (1B) included in the tree management system (1), wherein this information comprises, first sensor data (13:1-13:n) from pressure sensors and second sensor data (13:1-13:n) from position sensors,an actuator (23), which is coupled to the control unit (24) and by which, through the reduction of the hydraulic flow to at least one of the means of execution (7:1-7:n), the loading (PT) on the tree management system (1) can be limited to a predetermined maximum loading value (PTmax), wherein the control unit (24) is arranged to determine one or a plurality of current partial damage values ​​(SL, SM, SH), which during a normative activation period (At) are considered to occur on the tree management system (1) at various loadings (PT) on the tree management system, characterized in that the control unit (24) is arranged to determine a current key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n),which describes a measured value (X) that refers to an operation of the tree management system (1) and is representative of a partial damage risk in relation to a specific report on a current operational state (db:1-db:n) of the tree management system, at least one of the determined current partial damage values ​​(SL, SM, SH) is compared with a normative partial damage value (SLX, SMX, SHX), for a normative operational state (db:1X-db:nX) of the tree management system (1) that corresponds to the current key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n), and a change affecting the measured value (X) of the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) is determined such that the current partial damage value (SL, SM, SH) returns to or approaches a level that corresponds to the normative partial damage value (SLX, SMX, SHX) for the current key indicator, and whose arrangement further comprises, wherein the said change of the measured value (X) is executed by the actuator (23) coupled to the unit of control (24)., 12. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that both the normative partial damage value (SL, SM, SH) and the normative operational state (db:1X-db:nX) corresponding to the key indicator (Ni:1-Ni:n) are stored as reference data (27) of the control system (24).

13. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the first sensor data (13:113:n) comprises data from pressure sensors (12:1-12:n) that are arranged in the tree handling system and can represent a current load (PT) on at least one of the crane (1A) or tree handling unit (1B) included in the tree handling system (1).

14. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the second sensor data (13:113:n) comprises data from pressure sensors (11:1-11:n) that are arranged in the tree handling system and can represent a report on a mutual angle position or the position relationship between at least two adjustable or maneuverable units relative to each other that are included in a crane (1A) or the tree handling unit (1B) included in the tree handling system (1).

15. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the hydraulic system (30) is electronically active and comprises valve control curves (26a) with which a hydraulic flow to said execution means (7:17:n) can be adjusted by the impact of the control lever (16), and the actuator (23) comprises correction factor curves (27a, 28a) with which said valve control curves (26a) can be adjusted for limiting the impact force that is supplied to said execution means (7:1-7:n).

16. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the control unit (24) is arranged Petition 870250062918, dated 22 / 07 / 2025, page 47 / 95 7 / 7 to receive information from a pressure sensor (12:1-12:n) that reads an internal hydraulic pressure in at least one circuit that provides a means of execution (7:1-7:n) with hydraulic flow to determine the loading (PT) in the tree management system (1).

17. Arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that said second sensor data (13:1-13:n) comprise data from position sensors (11:111:n) with report on a torsion angle (φ1 - φ3) of a rotation axis of at least one of the motion axes that are included in the crane (1A) of the tree handling system (1).

18. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the control unit (24) is configured to at least: identify the change affecting partial damage to the tree management system (1) of the forestry machine, store information about the changes in memory (26) and use the information about the changes to present the key indicator (Ni:1Ni:n) with a measured value (X), describing the combination of the current operational state (db:1-db:n) and the partial damage occurring in the tree management system (1), the operator interface with which this information can serve as support or supplement for the operator to change a drive behavior in order to reduce the risk of partial damage. Petition 870250062918, dated 22 / 07 / 2025, p. 48 / 95

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