A guide plate for precise tooth extraction, a method for making the guide plate, and a method for using the guide plate

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the discomfort caused by a large wound when extracting impacted teeth, and to provide a guide plate for precise tooth extraction, a method for making the guide plate, and a method for using the guide plate. The guide plate is composed of a tooth extraction site positioning portion and a guide plate fixing portion. The shape of the tooth extraction site positioning portion fits the oral mucosa, and one end of the guide plate is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole for determining the position of the tooth to be extracted, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate fixing portion. The shape of the guide plate fixing portion fits the non-extracted tooth or the oral mucosa or the alveolar bone, and the guide plate is fixed in the oral cavity. The guide plate fixing portion fixes the guide plate in the oral cavity, and the tooth extraction positioning hole can determine the position of the impacted tooth to be extracted. When performing the tooth extraction operation, the size of the wound can be greatly reduced, the patient's postoperative discomfort can be reduced, and wound healing can be accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to medical auxiliary equipment, and in particular relates to a guide plate for precise tooth extraction, a method for manufacturing the guide plate, and a method for using the guide plate. Background Art

[0002] A tooth that can only partially or completely erupt due to obstruction from adjacent teeth, bones or soft tissues and cannot erupt in the future is called an impacted tooth. A tooth that cannot erupt to its normal position due to obstruction from bones, teeth or fibrous tissues and is buried under the mucosa or in the bone is called an impacted tooth. In mild impaction, the tooth may erupt slowly or misplaced. In severe cases, the tooth may be buried in the mucosa or bone, which is called an impacted tooth. Impacted teeth are not easy to find due to their hidden location. When they are extracted, the mucosa is often cut or part of the bone plate is removed to find the impacted tooth. This method causes a large wound, which is not conducive to the patient's postoperative healing and increases the patient's discomfort. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to alleviate the discomfort caused by a large wound when extracting an impacted tooth, and to provide a guide plate for precise tooth extraction, a method for making the guide plate, and a method for using the guide plate.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a guide plate for precise tooth extraction, which is characterized in that it consists of a tooth extraction site positioning part and a guide plate fixing part. The shape of the tooth extraction site positioning part fits the oral mucosa, and one end of the tooth extraction site positioning part is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole for determining the position of the tooth to be extracted, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate fixing part. The shape of the guide plate fixing part fits normal teeth or oral mucosa or alveolar bone to fix the guide plate in the oral cavity.

[0005] The guide plate fixing part of the present invention fixes the guide plate in the oral cavity, and the tooth extraction positioning hole can determine the position of the impacted tooth to be extracted, which can greatly reduce the size of the wound during the tooth extraction operation, reduce the patient's postoperative discomfort, and accelerate wound healing. Preferably, the shape of the guide plate fixing part fits normal teeth, and the guide plate fixing part can be fixed on the teeth adjacent to the impacted tooth to be extracted. When the adjacent tooth position is toothless or the entire mouth is toothless, the shape of the guide plate fixing part fits the oral mucosa or alveolar bone to fix the guide plate fixing part on the mucosa or alveolar bone.

[0006] The length of the guide plate fixing portion is 2 to 6 teeth, preferably 4 teeth. If the guide plate fixing portion is too short, the guide plate cannot be fixed, and if it is too long, the manufacturing material is increased, causing unnecessary waste.

[0007] The guide plate fixing part is provided with a guide plate positioning hole, a nut is fixed on the guide plate positioning hole, and the nut and the guide plate positioning hole are coaxial. Due to imaging errors and differences in the thickness of the oral mucosa of patients, the oral mucosa or alveolar bone is not conducive to the fixation of the guide plate relative to the teeth, and the error is greater. The guide plate positioning hole is opened on the guide plate fixing part and a nut coaxial with the hole is set on the hole, and the bolt and the nut are matched to fix the guide plate on the mucosa or alveolar bone.

[0008] The manufacturing method of the guide plate for tooth extraction comprises the following manufacturing steps:

[0009] S11: Before the operation, an impression of the patient's oral cavity is made or an intraoral scan is performed to obtain the oral surface morphology of the patient including the crown and mucosa, which is converted into digital information to establish a three-dimensional oral surface model in STL format and imported into the digital guide design software;

[0010] S12: Take oral CBCT to extract the characteristics of oral hard structures including teeth and alveolar bones, establish a 3D oral hard structure model in DICOM format and import it into the digital guide design software;

[0011] S13: The digital guide design software combines the 3D oral surface model and the 3D oral hard structure model into a complete oral model;

[0012] S14: generating a guide plate model according to the oral cavity model, wherein the guide plate model is composed of a tooth extraction site positioning part and a guide plate positioning part, wherein one end of the tooth extraction site positioning part is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole corresponding to the position of the tooth to be extracted;

[0013] S15: Using the resin material to make a guide plate according to the guide plate model by using 3D printing technology.

[0014] The guide plate is made according to the three-dimensional oral model, and the guide plate fixing part conforms to the shape of the oral surface, which can well fix the guide plate in the oral cavity. On the other hand, since the impacted tooth is buried in the oral mucosa, it is invisible and untouchable, and CBCT can capture the hard impacted tooth buried in the oral mucosa and determine its position. The tooth extraction positioning hole determined by the position can well determine the position of the impacted tooth to be extracted. The guide plate is made according to the guide plate model using 3D printing technology, which has a simpler process and reduces the production cost.

[0015] The order of steps S11 and S12 can be exchanged, and there is no order between establishing the oral surface model and the oral hard structure model before tooth extraction.

[0016] The shape of the guide plate fixing portion fits the shape of normal teeth or the mucosa of the normal tooth missing part or the alveolar bone of the normal tooth missing part to fix the guide plate. The normal teeth are teeth that erupt normally and will not be extracted when the impacted teeth are extracted.

[0017] A through hole is provided on the guide plate fixing part as a guide plate positioning hole, and a nut is fixed on the guide plate positioning hole, wherein the nut and the guide plate positioning hole are coaxial. The bolt cooperates with the nut on the guide plate positioning hole to fix the guide plate on the oral mucosa or alveolar bone.

[0018] The guide plate whose guide plate fixing part is shaped to fit the teeth is called a tooth-supported guide plate. The method of using the tooth-supported guide plate is as follows:

[0019] S21: placing and fixing the guide plate fixing portion on the tooth, wherein the tooth extraction positioning hole of the tooth extraction site positioning portion corresponds to the tooth to be extracted;

[0020] S22: fixing the guide plate fixing portion in the oral cavity to fix the guide plate;

[0021] S23: Remove the guide plate and perform subsequent operations at the position indicated by the tooth extraction positioning hole to extract the tooth to be extracted.

[0022] The guide plate whose shape of the guide plate fixing part fits the oral mucosa is called a mucosa-supported guide plate, and the guide plate whose shape of the guide plate fixing part fits the alveolar bone is called a bone-supported guide plate. The method of using a mucosa-supported or bone-supported guide plate is:

[0023] S31: placing the guide plate fixing part on the mucosa or alveolar bone, and the tooth extraction positioning hole of the tooth extraction site positioning part corresponds to the tooth to be extracted;

[0024] S32: Fixing the guide plate fixing portion in the oral cavity by using a bolt and a nut to fix the guide plate;

[0025] S33: Remove the guide plate and perform subsequent operations at the position indicated by the tooth extraction positioning hole to extract the tooth to be extracted.

[0026] Compared with mucosa-supported and bone-supported guides, tooth-supported guides can be fixed only by the guide positioning parts and teeth, while mucosa-supported and bone-supported guides require positioning parts such as bolts to be fixed.

[0027] The present invention is widely used in various impacted teeth. Before tooth extraction, an impression of the patient's oral cavity is first made or the oral cavity is scanned to establish a three-dimensional oral surface model, and a CBCT is taken to establish a three-dimensional oral hard structure model. The oral surface model and the oral hard structure model are combined into a complete three-dimensional oral model, and a guide plate model is established according to the oral model, and a guide plate is manufactured according to the guide plate model. The guide plate manufactured by this method can reflect the position of the impacted tooth that cannot be seen or touched on the tooth extraction positioning hole of the guide plate. The doctor can determine the position of the impacted tooth to be extracted according to the tooth extraction positioning hole on the guide plate, thereby extracting the impacted tooth.

[0028] When the guide plate is used for tooth extraction, due to accurate positioning, the surgical incision during tooth extraction is small, which is beneficial to wound healing after tooth extraction and reduces the discomfort of the patient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Main view of the oral model

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the guide plate

[0031] Figure 3 The tooth-supported guide plate is used in the following status diagram:

[0032] Figure 4 Status diagram for mucosa-supported or bone-supported guides

[0033] Figure 5 Flow chart for making guide plate

[0034] Among them: 11-impacted tooth, 12-normal tooth, 13-mucosa, 2-guide plate, 21-extraction site positioning part, 211-extraction positioning hole, 22-guide plate fixing part, 221-nut, 3-bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings. The enumerated embodiments can enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the normal tooth described in the present invention is a tooth that erupts normally and will not be extracted when the impacted tooth 11 is extracted. The impacted tooth 11 in the oral cavity is located in the oral mucosa 13 above the normal tooth 12. Due to its high position and concealment, the doctor cannot visually or touch the impacted tooth 11 with his hands, so the doctor makes a large wound when extracting the tooth. The present invention finds the position of the impacted tooth 11 according to the patient's oral surface model and oral CBCT image, and manufactures a guide plate model according to the oral hard structure model generated by the oral surface model and oral CBCT image, so that the manufactured guide plate 2 can accurately locate the position of the impacted tooth 11, reduce the extraction wound, and alleviate the patient's discomfort. The guide plate 2 is composed of a tooth extraction site positioning part 21 and a guide plate fixing part 22. The shape of the tooth extraction site positioning part 21 fits the mucosa 13, and one end of the tooth extraction site positioning part 21 is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole 211 for determining the position of the impacted tooth 11 to be extracted, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate fixing part 22. The shape of the guide plate fixing part 22 fits the normal tooth 12 that is not to be extracted, and the guide plate fixing part 22 can be fixed on the normal tooth 12 adjacent to the impacted tooth 11 to be extracted, preferably on the normal tooth 12 closer to the left and right sides of the impacted tooth 11. The length of the guide plate fixing part 22 is the distance of 2 to 6 teeth, and in this example, the distance of 4 teeth is preferred. If the guide plate fixing part 22 is too short, the guide plate cannot be fixed, and if it is too long, the manufacturing material is increased, causing unnecessary waste.

[0038] The guide plate 2 is made according to the shape of the teeth and mucosa 13 in the oral cavity, and can be well fixed in the oral cavity and determine the position of the impacted tooth 11 to be extracted. The guide plate fixing part 22 and the extraction site positioning part 21 are made according to the digital three-dimensional guide plate model. The manufacturing process can be 3D printing, which is simpler and reduces the manufacturing cost. Figure 5 As shown, the specific production steps are:

[0039] S101: Before the operation, an impression of the patient's oral cavity is made or an intraoral scan is performed to obtain the oral surface morphology of the patient including the crown and mucosa, which is converted into digital information to establish a three-dimensional oral surface model in STL format and imported into the digital guide design software;

[0040] After obtaining an impression of the patient's mouth, an oral plaster model is made, and the plaster model is scanned to obtain the oral surface morphology such as the oral mucosa and dental crowns, thereby generating a digital three-dimensional oral surface model. The oral surface morphology obtained by using an intraoral scanner is digital, and a three-dimensional oral surface model can be directly generated by the intraoral scanner.

[0041] S102: Take oral CBCT to extract the characteristics of oral hard structures including teeth and alveolar bones, establish a 3D oral hard structure model in DICOM format and send it to the digital center;

[0042] The order of steps S101 and S102 can be exchanged, that is, there is no order between establishing the oral surface model and the oral hard structure model before tooth extraction.

[0043] S103: The digital center combines the 3D oral surface model and the 3D oral hard structure model into a complete oral model;

[0044] Since both the oral surface model and the oral hard structure model have crown morphology, the crown parts of the two three-dimensional models can be overlapped to obtain a complete three-dimensional oral model. It should be noted that the selection of digital guide plate design software is a routine technology for those skilled in the art, as long as the STL format and DICOM format models can be opened and combined, which will not be described in detail here.

[0045] S104: generating a guide plate model according to the oral cavity model, wherein the guide plate model is composed of a tooth extraction site positioning portion and a guide plate positioning portion, wherein one end of the tooth extraction site positioning portion is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole corresponding to a position adjacent to the tooth to be extracted;

[0046] S105: Using 3D printing technology to manufacture the guide plate from the resin material according to the guide plate model.

[0047] 3D printing technology has a fast production speed and a high degree of model restoration, which can improve the matching degree between the guide plate and the oral cavity, thereby accurately locating the impacted tooth to be extracted11.

[0048] The guide plate fixing portion 22 is generated based on the structural features of the normal teeth 12 adjacent to the impacted tooth 11. In this example, the normal teeth 12 are preferably the teeth on the left and right ends adjacent to the impacted tooth. The guide plate whose guide plate fixing portion 22 fits the shape of the teeth is called a tooth-supported guide plate.

[0049] The method of using the tooth-supported guide plate is as follows:

[0050] S201: placing and fixing the guide plate fixing portion 22 on the normal tooth 12, and the tooth extraction positioning hole 211 of the tooth extraction site positioning portion 21 corresponds to the impacted tooth 11 to be extracted;

[0051] S202: Fixing the guide plate fixing portion 22 in the oral cavity to fix the guide plate;

[0052] S203: Remove the guide plate and perform subsequent operations at the position indicated by the tooth extraction positioning hole 211 , thereby extracting the impacted tooth 11 .

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, different from Example 1, the guide plate fixing portion 22 of Example 2 is made according to the structural characteristics of the oral mucosa 13 or the alveolar bone, and its shape fits the oral mucosa 13 or the alveolar bone.

[0055] When the normal teeth 12 are missing or the whole mouth is missing teeth, the shape of the guide plate fixing part fits the oral mucosa or alveolar bone of the missing teeth part to fix the guide plate fixing part 22 on the mucosa 13 or the alveolar bone.

[0056] The guide plate fixing part 22 is provided with a guide plate positioning hole, and a nut 221 is fixed on the guide plate positioning hole, and the nut 221 and the guide plate positioning hole are coaxial. The guide plate positioning hole is opened on the guide plate fixing part and a nut 221 coaxial with the guide plate positioning hole is set on it, and the bolt 3 is matched with the nut 221 to fix the guide plate on the mucosa 13 or the alveolar bone.

[0057] The guide plate whose shape of the guide plate fixing portion 22 fits the oral mucosa 13 is called a mucosa-supported guide plate, and the guide plate whose shape of the guide plate fixing portion 22 fits the alveolar bone is called a bone-supported guide plate. The method of using the mucosa-supported or bone-supported guide plate is as follows:

[0058] S301: placing and fixing the guide plate fixing part 22 on the mucosa 13 or the alveolar bone, and the tooth extraction positioning hole 211 of the tooth extraction site positioning part 21 corresponds to the impacted tooth 11 to be extracted;

[0059] S302: Fix the guide plate fixing portion in the oral cavity by using the bolt 3 and the nut 221 to fix the guide plate;

[0060] S303: Remove the guide plate and perform subsequent operations at the position indicated by the tooth extraction positioning hole, thereby extracting the impacted tooth 11.

[0061] The present invention is widely used in various impacted teeth 11. Before tooth extraction, the oral cavity is scanned or an oral cavity impression is made to establish an oral cavity surface model, and then the oral cavity CBCT is photographed to generate an oral cavity hard structure model. The oral cavity surface model and the oral cavity hard structure model are combined into a complete oral cavity model, and a guide plate model is established according to the oral cavity model, and a guide plate 2 is integrally manufactured according to the guide plate model. After the guide plate 2 is manufactured, it is placed in the oral cavity and fixed, and the doctor can determine the position of the impacted tooth 11 to be extracted according to the tooth extraction positioning hole on the guide plate, so as to accurately extract the impacted tooth 11.

[0062] When the guide plate is used for tooth extraction, due to accurate positioning, the surgical incision during tooth extraction is small, which is beneficial to wound healing after tooth extraction and reduces patient discomfort.

[0063] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any improvement and equivalent replacement made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guide plate for precise tooth extraction, characterized in that It consists of a tooth extraction site positioning part and a guide plate fixing part. The shape of the tooth extraction site positioning part fits the oral mucosa, and one end of the tooth extraction site positioning part is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole for determining the position of the tooth to be extracted, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide plate fixing part. The shape of the guide plate fixing part fits the normal tooth or oral mucosa or alveolar bone to fix the guide plate in the oral cavity. When the shape of the guide plate fixing part fits a normal tooth, the guide plate fixing part is used to be fixed on a tooth adjacent to the tooth to be extracted; when the adjacent tooth position is toothless or the entire mouth is toothless, the shape of the guide plate fixing part fits an oral mucosa or alveolar bone, and the guide plate fixing part is used to be fixed on the mucosa or alveolar bone; The steps for making the guide plate are: S11: Before the operation, an impression of the patient's oral cavity is made or an intraoral scan is performed to obtain the oral surface morphology of the patient including the crown and mucosa, which is converted into digital information to establish a three-dimensional oral surface model in STL format and imported into the digital guide design software; S12: Take oral CBCT to extract the characteristics of oral hard structures including teeth and alveolar bones, establish a 3D oral hard structure model in DICOM format and import it into the digital guide design software; S13: The digital guide design software combines the 3D oral surface model and the 3D oral hard structure model into a complete oral model; S14: generating a guide plate model according to the oral cavity model, wherein the guide plate model is composed of a tooth extraction site positioning part and a guide plate positioning part, wherein one end of the tooth extraction site positioning part is provided with a tooth extraction positioning hole corresponding to the position of the tooth to be extracted; S15: using 3D printing technology to manufacture the resin material into an integrally formed guide plate according to the guide plate model; When the shape of the guide plate fixing part fits the normal teeth, the operation steps of using the guide plate are as follows: S21: placing and fixing the guide plate fixing portion on the tooth, wherein the tooth extraction positioning hole of the tooth extraction site positioning portion corresponds to the tooth to be extracted; S22: fixing the guide plate fixing portion in the oral cavity to fix the guide plate; S23: removing the guide plate, and performing subsequent operations at the position indicated by the tooth extraction positioning hole, thereby extracting the tooth to be extracted; The length of the guide plate fixing portion is the distance between 2 to 6 adjacent teeth.

2. A guide plate for precise tooth extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the guide plate fixing portion is the distance of 4 teeth.

3. A guide plate for precise tooth extraction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate fixing portion is provided with a guide plate positioning hole, a nut is fixed on the guide plate positioning hole, and the nut and the guide plate positioning hole are coaxial. The operation steps of using the guide plate are as follows: S31: placing the guide plate fixing part on the mucosa or alveolar bone, and the tooth extraction positioning hole of the tooth extraction site positioning part corresponds to the tooth to be extracted; S32: Fixing the guide plate fixing portion in the oral cavity by using a bolt and a nut to fix the guide plate; S33: Remove the guide plate and perform subsequent operations at the position indicated by the tooth extraction positioning hole to extract the tooth to be extracted.

4. A guide plate for precise tooth extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The order of steps S11 and S12 may be exchanged.

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