Display device

Abstract

The present invention provides a display device that allows an operator to easily visually determine whether chips can be crushed during swing cutting. The display device obtains and displays information of a machine tool, the machine tool having a spindle that rotates a workpiece and a cutting tool relative to each other and a feed axis that feeds the workpiece and the cutting tool relative to each other, and performs cutting processing on the workpiece while swinging the cutting tool and the workpiece relative to each other, the display device having: a first information display unit that displays first information indicating the position of the cutting tool after the relative feeding relative to the workpiece; a second information display unit that displays second information indicating the relationship between the phase of the spindle and the position of the feed axis; and a range selection unit that selects a part of the first information as a selection range, and the second information display unit changes the display range of the second information so as to correspond to the selection range selected by the range selection unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a display device for a machine tool that performs turning processing on a workpiece through coordinated action between a main shaft and a feed shaft, and in particular to a display device that displays the trajectory of the feed shaft of a machine tool that performs swing cutting. Background Art

[0002] When a workpiece is machined by a cutting tool of a machine tool, if chips are continuously generated, the chips may get entangled in the cutting tool. In this case, the machine tool needs to be stopped to remove the chips from the cutting tool, which takes time and reduces production efficiency. In addition, the workpiece may be damaged by the chips, and the quality of the workpiece may be reduced.

[0003] In order to avoid such disadvantages, swing cutting is known in which chips are crushed by swinging the cutting tool and the workpiece relative to each other in the machining direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, etc.). The control device of the machine tool performing swing cutting gives a sine wave feed command to the servo motor of the feed axis that feeds the cutting tool or the workpiece in the machining direction, thereby swinging the cutting tool and the workpiece relative to each other in the machining direction.

[0004] In addition, a waveform display device (e.g., patent document 3) is currently known, which can waveform-display instruction data generated by a numerical control device (CNC) according to a machining program and instructing the servo motors of each axis of a machine tool, as well as actual position data output from a position detection device of each axis.

[0005] In order to break the chips as expected in the above-mentioned swing cutting, it is necessary to determine in advance the frequency and amplitude of the feed command that causes the cutting tool or workpiece to periodically swing in the machining direction of the workpiece through the feed axis. Generally, in the numerical control device of the machine tool, an NC program that can set machining conditions and various parameters such as the spindle speed and feed speed is generated and stored, and the feed command for the above-mentioned swing action is generated according to the NC program. Therefore, the operator changes the machining conditions and various parameters set in the NC program in the numerical control device to determine the frequency and amplitude of the feed command for the swing action.

[0006] In this type of operation, it is desired to be able to confirm how the command data and actual position data of the feed axis performing the swinging action will change according to changes in the processing conditions and various parameters set in the NC program within the numerical control device, and the above-mentioned waveform display device is useful for this.

[0007] However, there is a problem that it is difficult to determine whether the chips can be broken by the cutting tool by simply displaying the time change of the command data or the actual position data related to the feed axis performing the swinging operation in a waveform.

[0008] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5033929

[0009] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 5599523

[0010] Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 6001720 Summary of the invention

[0011] An object of the present invention is to provide a display device that enables an operator to easily visually determine whether chips can be crushed during swing cutting.

[0012] (1) A display device of the present invention (e.g., display device 20 described below) acquires and displays information of a machine tool (e.g., machine tool 10 described below), the machine tool comprising a spindle (e.g., spindle M0 described below) for rotating a workpiece (e.g., workpiece W described below) and a cutting tool (e.g., cutting tool 14 described below) relative to each other, and at least one feed axis (e.g., feed axes M1 and M2 described below) for feeding the workpiece and the cutting tool relative to each other, and performing cutting processing on the workpiece while causing the cutting tool and the workpiece to swing relative to each other, the display device comprising: a first information display unit (e.g., a first information display unit) for displaying information of a machine tool; An information display unit 31) displays first information, the first information indicating the position of the cutting tool after the relative feed relative to the workpiece; a second information display unit (for example, the second information display unit 32 described later) displays second information, the second information indicating the relationship between the phase of the spindle and the position of the feed axis; and a range selection unit (for example, the range selection unit 23 described later) which selects a part of the first information as a selection range, and the second information display unit changes the display range of the second information to correspond to the selection range selected by the range selection unit.

[0013] (2) The display device described in (1) further includes a range changing unit (e.g., the range changing unit 25 described later) which changes the display range of the second information, and the range selecting unit changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information after the display range is changed by the range changing unit.

[0014] (3) The display device described in (1) further includes a third information display unit (for example, the third information display unit 33 described later), which displays third information, and the third information represents the time change of the position information, torque information, speed information or acceleration information of the above-mentioned feed axis. The above-mentioned third information display unit can further display the above-mentioned third information, or the above-mentioned second information display unit and the above-mentioned third information display unit can switch between the above-mentioned second information to display the above-mentioned third information, and the above-mentioned third information display unit can change the display range of the above-mentioned third information so as to correspond to the above-mentioned selection range selected by the above-mentioned range selection unit.

[0015] (4) The display device described in (3) further includes a range changing unit (e.g., the range changing unit 25 described later), which changes at least one of the display range of the second information and the display range of the third information, and the range selecting unit changes the selection range to correspond to the display range of the second information or the display range of the third information after the display range is changed by the range changing unit.

[0016] (5) The display device described in (1) further includes an enlarged information display unit (for example, the enlarged information display unit 34 described later), which displays the enlarged information of the above-mentioned first information. The above-mentioned enlarged information display unit can further display the above-mentioned enlarged information, or the above-mentioned second information display unit and the above-mentioned enlarged information display unit can switch between the above-mentioned second information to display the above-mentioned enlarged information. The above-mentioned enlarged information display unit can change the display range of the above-mentioned enlarged information so that it corresponds to the above-mentioned selection range selected by the above-mentioned range selection unit.

[0017] (6) The display device described in (5) further includes a range changing unit (e.g., the range changing unit 25 described later), which changes at least one of the display range of the second information and the display range of the enlarged information, and the range selecting unit changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information or the display range of the enlarged information after being changed by the range changing unit.

[0018] (7) The display device described in (3) further includes an enlarged information display unit (for example, the enlarged information display unit 34 described later), which displays the enlarged information of the above-mentioned first information, and the above-mentioned enlarged information display unit further displays the above-mentioned enlarged information, or the above-mentioned second information display unit, the above-mentioned third information display unit and the above-mentioned enlarged information display unit can switch between the above-mentioned second information or the above-mentioned third information to display the above-mentioned enlarged information, and the above-mentioned enlarged information display unit can change the display range of the above-mentioned enlarged information so that it corresponds to the above-mentioned selection range selected by the above-mentioned range selection unit.

[0019] (8) The display device described in (7) further includes a range changing unit (e.g., the range changing unit 25 described later), which changes at least any one of the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, and the display range of the enlarged information. The range selecting unit can change the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, or the display range of the enlarged information after being changed by the range changing unit.

[0020] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a display device that allows an operator to easily visually determine whether or not chips can be crushed during swing cutting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A processing system including a display device according to this embodiment is shown.

[0022] Figure 2A Indicates that Figure 1 The control device shown generates the position command of the feed axis.

[0023] Figure 2B Indicates that Figure 1 The control device shown generates a swing command for the feed axis.

[0024] Figure 2C Express Figure 2A The position instructions shown are added Figure 2B The feed command is obtained by the swing command shown.

[0025] Figure 3 Indicates that Figure 1 An example of the second information displayed on the second display unit of the display device shown.

[0026] Figure 4 express Figure 1 The display unit in the display device shown is an example of displaying the first information and the second information.

[0027] Figure 5 express Figure 1 The display unit in the display device shown is an example of displaying the first information, enlarged information of the first information, and the third information.

[0028] Description of Reference Numerals

[0029] 1: machining system, 10: machine tool, 11: control device, 13: drive shaft, 14: cutting tool, 15: position detection device, 20: display device, 21: information acquisition unit, 23: range selection unit, 25: range change unit, 30: display unit, 31: first information display unit, 32: second information display unit, 33: third information display unit, 34: enlarged information display unit, M0: spindle, M1, M2: feed axis, W: workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts in each of the drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 A processing system including a display device according to this embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The machining system 1 shown includes a machine tool 10 , a control device 11 for controlling the machine tool 10 , and a display device 20 .

[0032] The machine tool 10 has a cutting tool 14, such as a turning tool. The cutting tool 14 cuts a workpiece, and the workpiece has a shape such as a cylinder, a column, a cone, or a truncated cone. The shape of the workpiece W may be a shape other than a cylinder, and the machine tool 10 is not limited to a machine tool for cutting, but may also be a machine tool for grinding or lapping.

[0033] However, in the following description, Figure 1 As shown, it is assumed that the outer peripheral surface of a rotating cylindrical workpiece W is turned by the cutting tool 14. In addition, a structure in which the workpiece W rotates and the cutting tool 14 swings along the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is described as an example.

[0034] The machine tool 10 has a plurality of drive shafts 13. Each drive shaft 13 is controlled by a control device 11 such as a CNC (Computer Numerical Controller) or a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Figure 1 Although the machine tool 10 having three drive shafts 13 is shown in FIG. 1 , the number of drive shafts 13 is not limited, and the machine tool 10 can be provided with a desired number of drive shafts.

[0035] The plurality of drive shafts 13 include a main shaft M0 and at least two feed shafts M1 and M2 that cooperate with the main shaft M0. The main shaft M0 includes a main shaft motor or a servo motor. The feed shafts M1 and M2 include a feed mechanism such as a ball screw mechanism or a linear slide and a servo motor that drives the feed mechanism.

[0036] exist Figure 1 In the figure, the central axis of the workpiece which will become the rotation axis of the workpiece W is set as the Z axis, and the axis perpendicular to the Z axis is set as the X axis. In addition, the spindle M0 rotates the workpiece W around the central axis (Z axis) of the workpiece. The feed axis M1 can perform the following two actions: feed the cutting tool 14 in a first direction (hereinafter referred to as the processing direction) along the Z axis direction; and make the cutting tool 14 reciprocate, that is, swing, in the first direction. The feed axis M2 can perform the following two actions: feed the cutting tool 14 in a second direction (i.e., the cutting direction) along the X axis direction; and make the cutting tool 14 reciprocate, that is, swing, in the second direction.

[0037] When turning a cylindrical or cylindrical workpiece, the workpiece is rotated about its central axis (Z axis) and the cutting tool 14 is fed only in a first direction (machining direction) along the Z axis. In this case, the feed axis M2 is basically unnecessary.

[0038] When turning a workpiece such as a conical or truncated cone workpiece whose outer diameters are different in the Z-axis direction, the workpiece W is rotated around the center axis (Z-axis) of the workpiece, and the cutting tool 14 is fed in the combined direction of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. At this time, in order to feed the cutting tool 14 in an inclined direction along the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W, at least two feed axes M1 and M2 are required. By controlling both the feed axis M1 and the feed axis M2, the cutting tool 14 is fed in an inclined direction along the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W.

[0039] The control device 11 generates and stores a machining program (NC program) that can set machining conditions and various parameters such as the spindle speed (S) and feed speed (F). The control device 11 includes an operation panel (not shown) that can change the machining conditions and various parameters set in the machining program.

[0040] The control device 11 can generate various instructions for making each drive axis 13 such as the main axis M0, the feed axis M1, and the feed axis M2 independently operate according to the machining program, and send the generated various instructions to the corresponding drive axis 13 such as the main axis M0, the feed axis M1, and the feed axis M2. Figure 1 As in the example, in a structure in which the workpiece W is rotated by the spindle M0 and the cutting tool 14 is fed by the feed axes M1, M2, etc., the control device 11 sends a command of a predetermined rotation speed to the spindle M0 and sends a command of a predetermined target position to the feed axes M1, M2, etc.

[0041] The machining system 1 includes a position detection device 15 for detecting the position of each drive shaft 13, such as the main shaft M0, the feed shaft M1, and the feed shaft M2. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , in a structure in which the workpiece W is rotated by the spindle M0, a sensor capable of detecting the rotational position (angle) of the workpiece W, such as a rotary encoder, can be used as the position detection device 15 of the spindle M0. The rotary encoder can also detect the rotational speed of the workpiece W. In addition, a sensor capable of detecting the position of the cutting tool 14 in the machining direction of the workpiece W, such as an encoder, can be used as Figure 1 The position detection device 15 of the feed axis M1 shown in the figure. As the position detection device 15 of the feed axis M2, a sensor capable of detecting the position of the cutting tool 14 in the above-mentioned cutting direction, for example, an encoder, can be used.

[0042] The position detection device 15 of the feed axes M1 and M2 can obtain the positions of the feed axes M1 and M2 ( Figure 1The position detection device 15 of the feed axes M1 and M2 may be, for example, a position measuring device including a laser tracker or a three-dimensional position sensor, which is configured separately from the drive axis 13.

[0043] The control device 11 controls each drive shaft 13 so that the command sent to each drive shaft 13 as described above agrees with the position data of each drive shaft 13 fed back to the control device 11 from the position detection device 15 of each drive shaft 13 .

[0044] Furthermore, the control device 11 has a function of controlling the feed axis M1 so that the cutting tool 14 and the workpiece W are relatively swung in the first direction (machining direction) to perform intermittent cutting in order to break up chips generated by turning.

[0045] The feed command of the feed axis M1 for such intermittent cutting is generated according to the machining program by the control device 11. The operator can change machining conditions and various parameters using an operation panel (not shown) of the control device 11 to determine the frequency and amplitude of the feed command for intermittent cutting.

[0046] The above-mentioned intermittent cutting means that the cutting tool 14 cuts the workpiece W while periodically coming into contact with and separating from the workpiece W, and is also called swing cutting or vibration cutting.

[0047] The feed command for the above-mentioned intermittent cutting is generated, for example, by the following method. First, the control device 11 generates a feed command based on the machining start point, machining end point, and rotation speed ( Figure 1 In the example, the rotation speed of the workpiece W), the feed speed based on the feed axis M1 ( Figure 1 In the example of the cutting tool 14, the feed speed is generated along Figure 1 The control device 11 generates a position command of the feed axis M1 related to the feed in the first direction (machining direction) of the Z-axis direction. Next, the control device 11 generates a swing command of the feed axis M1 for generating the swing (reciprocating motion) of the cutting tool 14 in the above-mentioned machining direction based on the above-mentioned rotation speed and feed speed and various parameters. Furthermore, the control device 11 adds the swing command to the position command to generate a feed command (synthesized command) for the above-mentioned intermittent cutting.

[0048] Here, Figure 2A The above position command is shown in FIG. 1 , where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the position in the machining direction (position command value). In the position command, the position command value of the feed axis M1 increases linearly with the passage of time (see straight line P).

[0049] Figure 2BThe above swing command is represented by the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing the position in the machining direction (position command value). In the swing command, the position command value of the feed axis M1 increases and decreases periodically as time passes (refer to the wave-shaped curve S). Figure 2B It can be seen that by changing the amplitude and frequency of the swing command, swing commands of various vibration waveforms can be obtained. In addition, in this example, the rotation speed of the workpiece W and the feed speed of the cutting tool 14 are set to constant values, so the frequency and amplitude of the swing command are constant values ​​regardless of the passage of time.

[0050] Figure 2C Express Figure 2A The position instructions shown are added Figure 2B The feed command (synthesized command) obtained by the swing command shown in FIG. 1 shows time on the horizontal axis and position (position command value) in the machining direction on the vertical axis. Figure 2C More specifically, if Figure 2C As shown, the cutting tool 14 moves by the difference in the amount of travel between the predetermined amount of retreat and the predetermined amount of advance in one reciprocating motion according to the feed command (refer to the wavy curve Q). Thus, in this embodiment, the cutting tool 14 is fed in the machining direction while reciprocating (swinging) in the machining direction by the feed axis M1, thereby performing intermittent cutting.

[0051] The above swing instruction is in Figure 2B The cosine wave instruction represented by the wave curve S is defined as follows.

[0052] Swing command = (K×F / 2)×cos(2π×S / 60×I×t)-(K×F / 2)……Formula (1)

[0053] In formula (1), K is the swing amplitude magnification, F is the movement amount of the cutting tool 14 per rotation of the workpiece W, that is, the feed amount per rotation [mm / rev], and S is the rotation speed of the workpiece W around the central axis [min -1 ] or [rpm], I is the swing frequency multiplier. Here, the swing frequency, i.e., the frequency of the swing command, corresponds to the term (S / 60×I) in formula (1), and the swing amplitude, i.e., the amplitude of the swing command, corresponds to the term (K×F / 2) in formula (1). Here, let the swing amplitude multiplier K be a number greater than 1, and let the swing frequency multiplier I be a non-integer greater than zero (for example, 0.5, 0.8, 1.2, 1.5, 1.9, 2.3 or 2.5, ... and other positive non-integers). The swing amplitude multiplier K and the swing frequency multiplier I are constants.

[0054] According to the above formula (1), the swing command is a command obtained by subtracting the term (K×F / 2) as an offset value from the cosine wave with the zero position as the reference axis. Therefore, the feed command (K×F / 2) obtained by adding the swing command to the position command Figure 2C The wavy curve Q) becomes a curve that does not exceed the position instruction ( Figure 2C Thus, the position trajectory of the cutting tool 14 based on the feed instruction (wavy curve Q) can be controlled by using the position based on the position instruction as the upper limit in the machining direction of the cutting tool 14.

[0055] And, by setting the cosine wave swing command as formula (1), according to Figure 2C It can be seen from the wavy curve Q that at the machining starting point of the cutting tool 14 (the 0° position on the horizontal axis), no large swing occurs in the feed direction of the cutting tool 14 from the beginning.

[0056] The reason why the oscillation frequency multiplier I is not set to an integer is that when the oscillation frequency is completely the same as the rotation speed of the workpiece W around the central axis, the overlapping positions B1, B2, etc. described later cannot be generated (see Figure 3 ), the effect of chip crushing by swing cutting cannot be obtained.

[0057] The above formula (1) is assumed to be recorded in the machining program in the control device 11. The operation panel (not shown) of the machine tool 10 assigns the values ​​of the swing amplitude magnification K and the swing frequency magnification I to the formula (1) recorded in the machining program in the control device 11. In addition, the rotation speed S [min] of the workpiece W is set in advance in the machining program in the control device 11. -1 ] and the feed speed [mm / min] of the cutting tool 14 are used as processing conditions.

[0058] The control device 11 calculates the feed amount F per rotation (=feed speed / rotation speed S) in the above formula (1) based on such feed speed and rotation speed, and can calculate the swing command through the above formula (1) to which the values ​​of the swing amplitude multiplier K and the swing frequency multiplier I are pre-assigned.

[0059] The machining system 1 of the present embodiment includes a display device 20 that displays information related to the machine tool 10 when intermittent cutting is performed by relatively swinging the cutting tool 14 and the workpiece W in the machining direction in order to cut off chips generated by turning.

[0060] As described above, the control device 11 generates a feed command for the feed axis M1 for intermittent cutting, and the display device 20 serves as a device for allowing an operator to visually recognize such a feed command and the actual position of the feed axis M1 driven by the feed command.

[0061] However, in the method of simply displaying the command value of the feed command for intermittent cutting on the display screen, it is difficult for the operator to determine from the display screen whether the cutting tool 14 can cut the chips. In the method of detecting the actual position of the feed shaft M1 driven by the feed command for intermittent cutting by the position detection device 15 and displaying the detected value on the display screen, it is also difficult for the operator to determine from the display screen whether the chips can be cut.

[0062] Therefore, if Figure 1 As shown, the display device 20 of the present embodiment includes an information acquisition unit 21 , a range selection unit 23 , a range change unit 25 , and a display unit 30 .

[0063] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated structural example, the display device 20 is separately arranged outside the control device 11, but the display device 20 may be provided on an operation panel (not shown) of the machine tool 10, or the display device 20 may be provided integrally with the control device 11. The display unit 30 may be a display panel unit such as an LCD (Liquid crystal display) panel and an OLED (organic light emitting diode) panel.

[0064] The information acquisition unit 21 acquires the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 when intermittent cutting is performed at a constant time interval. The constant time interval can be set to, for example, an integral multiple of the sampling control cycle (for example, the distribution cycle of the command pulse) of the control device 11. In addition, the position information acquired by the information acquisition unit 21 is either the value of the feed command for intermittent cutting or the actual position (position feedback) of the feed axes M1 and M2 driven by the feed command.

[0065] Furthermore, when the actual position of the feed axes M1 and M2 is obtained as the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2, the actual position can be the output value of the encoder possessed by the servo motor of the feed axes M1 and M2, or it can be the position of the moving end of the feed axes M1 and M2 remotely measured by a position measuring device such as a laser tracker or a three-dimensional position sensor, such as the position of the front end of the cutting tool 14.

[0066] In addition, the information acquisition unit 21 acquires control information other than the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 during intermittent cutting, such as torque information, speed information, or acceleration information, at a constant time interval. The torque information, speed information, and acceleration information acquired by the information acquisition unit 21 may be a feed command value for intermittent cutting, or a feedback value of the feed axes M1 and M2 driven by the feed command.

[0067] For example, the actual torque (torque feedback) can be obtained by detecting the driving current of the servo motors of the feed axes M1 and M2. For example, the actual speed (speed feedback) can be obtained based on the output value of the encoder provided by the servo motors of the feed axes M1 and M2. For example, the actual acceleration (acceleration feedback) can be obtained based on the output value of the acceleration sensor provided at the front end of the cutting tool 14.

[0068] In addition, the information acquisition unit 21 acquires the relative rotation speed and rotation angle of the workpiece W and the cutting tool 14 as rotation information. Figure 1 In the structure shown, the rotation speed of the spindle M0 (the rotation speed of the workpiece W) is preset in the machining program stored in the control device 11, and the information acquisition unit 21 acquires the rotation speed of the spindle M0 from the control device 11 as the rotation information. In addition, as described above, a rotary encoder is used as the position detection device 15 of the spindle M0, and the control device 11 can detect the rotation angle of the spindle M0 through the rotary encoder during intermittent cutting. Therefore, the information acquisition unit 21 can acquire the rotation speed and rotation angle of the spindle M0 from the control device 11 as the rotation information.

[0069] The information acquisition unit 21 also has a function of storing the acquired time-series position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 and other control information (torque information, speed information or acceleration information) and the rotation speed and rotation angle of the main axis M0 in a memory (not shown).

[0070] The display unit 30 displays the information acquired by the information acquisition unit 21. The display unit 30 includes a first information display unit 31, a second information display unit 32, a third information display unit 33, and an enlarged information display unit 34.

[0071] The first information display unit 31 displays first information indicating the position of the cutting tool 14 after the cutting tool 14 is fed relative to the workpiece W. Specifically, the first information display unit 31 displays first information indicating the moving path (movement trajectory) of the feed axes M1 and M2, that is, the moving path (movement trajectory) of the cutting tool 14, based on the time-series position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 acquired by the information acquisition unit 21.

[0072] The enlarged information display unit 34 displays enlarged information of the first information.

[0073] The first information displayed may be the output value of the encoder mounted in the servo motor of the feed axis M1, M2 or the tip position of the cutting tool 14 remotely measured by the position measuring device. That is, the first information may be data based on the position command value for the feed axis M1 or data based on the actual position (position feedback) of the feed axis M1, M2.

[0074] The third information display unit 33 displays third information indicating the time change of the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2. Specifically, the third information display unit 33 displays third information indicating the time change of the position of the feed axes M1 and M2 based on the time series position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 acquired by the information acquisition unit 21. For example, when the feed instruction for intermittent cutting is acquired by the information acquisition unit 21, Figure 2C The wavy curve Q shown corresponds to the third information.

[0075] The third information displayed is information that corresponds the output value of the encoder mounted in the servo motor of the feed axis M1, M2 to time, or information that corresponds the tip position of the cutting tool 14 remotely measured by the position measuring device to time. That is, the third information may be data based on the position command value for the feed axis M1, M2, or may be waveform data based on the actual position of the feed axis M1, M2.

[0076] In addition, the third information display unit 33 displays third information indicating the time change of the control information (torque, speed or acceleration) of the feed axes M1 and M2 based on the time series control information other than the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 obtained by the information acquisition unit 21, such as time series torque information, time series speed information or time series acceleration information.

[0077] The third information may be data based on command values ​​of torque, speed or acceleration for the feed axes M1 and M2, or waveform data based on actual torque (torque feedback), actual speed (speed feedback) or actual acceleration (acceleration feedback) of the feed axes M1 and M2.

[0078] The second information display unit 32 displays second information indicating the relationship between the phase of the main shaft M0 and the positions of the feed shafts M1 and M2. Specifically, the second information display unit 32 displays the second information indicating the positions of the feed shafts M1 and M2 in an overlapping (reversed) manner for each rotation (or 2 rotations, 3 rotations, etc.) of the main shaft M0, based on the time series position information of the feed shafts M1 and M2 acquired by the information acquisition unit 21 and the rotation information of the main shaft M0.

[0079] For example, the second information display unit 32 divides the third information displayed by the third information display unit 33 into partial data for each rotation angle (360° or 2π) of the main axis M0 (or the rotation angle of multiple rotations (2 rotations, 3 rotations, etc.)), and divides each partial data into partial data at the same time as the starting point of the third information (for example, Figure 3 The origin on the horizontal axis) is shifted in a consistent manner to display the second information.

[0080] The rotation angle of the workpiece W may be calculated based on the rotation speed which is a set value set in the machining program in the control device 11, or the rotation angle of the workpiece W may be actually detected from a rotary encoder mounted on the main spindle M0. The display device 20 detects the rotation angle of the workpiece W and obtains the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2 at the same constant time interval, thereby displaying the second information which correlates the actual rotation angle with the position information of the feed axes M1 and M2.

[0081] Figure 3 An example of the second information displayed by the second information display unit 32 is shown. Figure 3 The horizontal axis represents the rotation angle (i.e., phase) of the spindle M0, and the vertical axis represents the machining direction (i.e., along the Figure 1 The position in the first direction of the Z-axis direction) (i.e., the position of the feed axes M1 and M2).

[0082] Figure 3 The curves A1 and A2 shown correspond to, for example, a rotation of the workpiece W per one revolution. Figure 2C The second information is the partial data obtained by dividing the time series data (wave-shaped curve Q) of the feed instruction shown in FIG. Curve A1 represents the second information of the first rotation of the workpiece W, and curve A2 represents the second information of the second rotation of the workpiece W. For the purpose of simplicity, the second information of the third rotation of the workpiece W and thereafter is omitted from the illustration. The second information such as these curves A1, A2, etc. represents the trajectory of the cutting tool 14 on the rotating workpiece W.

[0083] in addition, Figure 3 A plurality of straight dashed lines C1, C2, C3, ... extending obliquely are shown. Each dashed line C1, C2, C3 corresponds to Figure 2C The position command shown (dashed straight line P) Figure 3 The interval between the dotted lines C1, C2, and C3 in the longitudinal axis direction corresponds to the feed amount F per rotation.

[0084] according to Figure 3 , curve A1 and curve A2 overlap each other at two positions B1 and B2. At positions B1 and B2, the maximum value of curve A1 relative to dotted line C1 is greater than the minimum value of curve A2 relative to dotted line C2.

[0085] At the overlapping positions B1 and B2, the cutting tool 14 is separated from the workpiece W while machining along the trajectory of the curve A2, so the workpiece W is not machined. Such overlapping positions B1 and B2 are generated periodically, thereby achieving the above-mentioned intermittent cutting. Figure 3In the example shown, the operation according to the curve A2 generates chips at positions B1 and B2, respectively. That is, two chips are generated at the curve A2 of the second rotation.

[0086] Therefore, the operator can determine whether the chips can be crushed by confirming the presence of positions B1 and B2 where the front curve A1 and the rear curve A2 partially overlap each other. Figure 2B The swing frequency and swing amplitude in the swing command shown. This change can be made by adjusting the setting values ​​on the machining program in the control device 11, such as adjusting the spindle rotation speed S, the feed rate per rotation F, the swing frequency multiplier I, etc. The operator can change the swing frequency and the swing amplitude while visually recognizing the second information displayed on the display unit 30 of the display device 20 described later, so as to produce the expected overlapping positions B1 and B2.

[0087] The display unit 30 configured as described above displays the first information and the second information. That is, the first information display unit 31 displays the first information, and the second information display unit 32 displays the second information. At this time, the second information display unit 32 changes the display range of the second information so as to correspond to the selection range selected by the range selection unit 23 described later.

[0088] The display unit 30 may further display at least one of the enlarged information of the first information and the third information. That is, the enlarged information display unit 34 may further display the enlarged information of the first information, and the third information display unit 33 may further display the third information. Alternatively, the display unit 30 may temporarily switch the second information to at least one of the enlarged information of the first information and the third information for display. That is, the second information display unit 32 and the enlarged information display unit 34 may switch between the second information to display the enlarged information, and the second information display unit 32 and the third information display unit 33 may switch between the second information to display the third information. Alternatively, the second information display unit 32, the third information display unit 33 and the enlarged information display unit 34 may switch between the second information or the third information to display the enlarged information. At this time, the enlarged information display unit 34 may change the display range of the enlarged information so that it corresponds to the selection range selected by the range selection unit 23, and the third information display unit 33 may change the display range of the third information so that it corresponds to the selection range selected by the range selection unit 23.

[0089] Figure 4 An example of display showing the first information and the second information, Figure 5 An example of display of first information, enlarged information of the first information, and third information is shown.

[0090] Figure 4In the figure, the first information display unit 31 displays the moving path (movement trajectory) represented by the first information, i.e., the position of the feed axis M1 (Z position in the machining direction) and the position of the feed axis M2 (X position in the cutting direction) (left figure), and the second information display unit 32 displays the information representing the second information, i.e., the position of the feed axis M1 (Z position in the machining direction) for each rotation of the spindle M0 (right figure). In addition, the first information display unit 31 can display the selection range A selected by the range selection unit 23 in correspondence with the first information (left figure). In addition, the second information (right figure) is consistent with the above Figure 3 Corresponding information.

[0091] By displaying the second information (right figure) superimposed with the position of the feed axis M1 (Z position in the machining direction) for each rotation of the spindle M0, the operator can easily determine whether the chips can be crushed by confirming the overlap of the curves in the second information as described above.

[0092] In addition, by displaying the selection range A corresponding to the display range of the second information together with the first information, that is, the moving path (movement trajectory) represented by the position of the feed axis M1 (Z position in the processing direction) and the position of the feed axis M2 (X position in the cutting direction) (left figure), the operator can confirm where the second information is displayed in the moving path (movement trajectory).

[0093] In addition, the second information display unit 32 can display information indicating the position of the feed axis M2 (X position in the cutting direction) for each rotation of the main axis M0 as the second information, or can display information indicating the position of the combined direction of the machining direction of the feed axis M1 and the cutting direction of the feed axis M2 for each rotation of the main axis M0.

[0094] On the other hand, Figure 5 The second information display section 32 and the enlarged information display section 34 will Figure 4 The second information shown is temporarily switched to the enlarged information of the first information, that is, the enlarged information of the first information whose display range is changed corresponding to the selected range A is displayed (upper right figure). Figure 4 The second information shown is temporarily switched to the third information, that is, information indicating the temporal change in the position of the feed axis M1 (Z position in the machining direction) and displayed (lower figure).

[0095] Here, in the enlarged information of the first information (upper right figure), the curve corresponds to the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W. Thus, by displaying the enlarged information of the first information, the operator can confirm whether the workpiece W is overcut or undercut.

[0096] In addition, the position command value and the actual position (position feedback) are displayed in an overlapping manner (upper right figure, lower figure) as amplified information of the first information or the third information, i.e., information indicating the time change of the position of the feed axis M1 (Z position in the machining direction). Thus, the operator can confirm whether the adjustment of the machine tool 10 and the control device 11 (for example, the adjustment of servo parameters) is appropriate by confirming the offset between the position command value and the actual position (position feedback).

[0097] Furthermore, the third information display unit 33 may display information indicating control information other than the positions of the feed axes M1 and M2 , for example, information indicating time changes in torque, speed, or acceleration, as the third information.

[0098] In this way, the command value and the actual detection value (feedback) are displayed overlappingly as information representing the time change of the torque, speed or acceleration of the feed axes M1 and M2. The operator can confirm whether the adjustment of the machine tool 10 and the control device 11 (for example, the adjustment of servo parameters) is appropriate by confirming the offset between the command value and the actual detection value (feedback).

[0099] In addition, the third information display unit 33 can display information indicating the time change of the position of the feed axis M2 (X position in the cutting direction) as the third information, or can display information indicating the time change of the position of the combined direction of the processing direction of the feed axis M1 and the cutting direction of the feed axis M2 as the third information.

[0100] Furthermore, when displaying the second information and the third information, the time or the rotation angle may be indicated in the vertical axis direction, and the position command value or the actual position of the feed axis may be indicated in the horizontal axis direction, instead of Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 The display method shown.

[0101] The range selection unit 23 selects a part of the first information as the selection range A. At this time, the range change unit 25 changes at least any one of the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, and the display range of the enlarged information of the first information so as to correspond to the selection range A selected by the range selection unit 23. For example, the range selection unit 23 can select the selection range by specifying the starting point and the end point of a part of the first information. At this time, the range change unit 25 changes the display scale of the vertical axis or the horizontal axis of the second information and the third information so as to display information corresponding to the time range corresponding to the selected selection range, thereby synchronizing the display range with the selection range.

[0102] The first information, the second information and the third information are time series information acquired at the same time by the information acquisition unit 21, so when the range selection unit 23 selects a part of the first information as the selection range, the range change unit 25 can calculate the time range equivalent to the selection range, and by displaying the second information and a part of the third information within the time range, the display range of the first information can correspond to that of the second information.

[0103] Thus, for example, in order to display the third information of the time range corresponding to the selected range, the third information display unit 33 extracts the time range corresponding to the selected first information, and changes the display range so that the third information of the time range is displayed, thereby synchronizing the selected range and the display range.

[0104] In addition, the range changing unit 25 changes at least one of the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, and the display range of the enlarged information of the first information. At this time, the range selecting unit 23 changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, or the display range of the enlarged information of the first information changed by the range changing unit 25.

[0105] The range selection unit 23 may include, for example, a touch panel provided on the display unit 30. Thus, the selection range selected by the range selection unit 23 is changed. At this time, the display unit 30 changes the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, and the display range of the enlarged information of the first information in conjunction with the changed selection range.

[0106] For example, in Figure 4 In the embodiment, when the operator displaces the selection range A corresponding to the first information by operating the touch panel, the display range of the second information is also displaced in conjunction with the selection range A corresponding to the first information. Figure 5 In the embodiment, when the operator operates the touch panel to shift the selection range A corresponding to the first information, the display range of the enlarged information of the first information and the display range of the third information are also shifted in conjunction with each other.

[0107] In this way, by changing the selection range A of the first information, the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, and the display range of the enlarged information of the first information in a linked manner, the confirmation work of the operator can be facilitated.

[0108] In addition, the range changing unit 25 may include, for example, a touch panel provided on the display unit 30. Figure 4 In the embodiment, when the operator moves the display range of the second information up and down by operating the touch panel, the selection range A corresponding to the first information is also moved left and right in linkage. Figure 5When the operator displaces the display range of the enlarged information of the first information or the display range of the third information by operating the touch panel, the selection range A corresponding to the first information is also displaced in conjunction, and the display range of the enlarged information of the first information is also displaced corresponding to the displaced selection range A.

[0109] In this way, by changing the selection range A of the first information, the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, and the display range of the enlarged information of the first information in a linked manner, the confirmation work of the operator can be facilitated.

[0110] As described above, according to the display device 20 of this embodiment, the operator can easily determine whether the chips can be cut in the intermittent cutting (swing cutting). Therefore, the operator can more accurately adjust the swing amplitude for cutting the chips, and can achieve intermittent cutting that cuts the chips as expected.

[0111] When there is backlash in the drive mechanism of the cutting tool 14 or the rigidity of the drive mechanism is low, vibration may occur during intermittent cutting, and the position accuracy of the cutting tool 14 may be unstable. For example, even if the feed axis M1 is driven according to the feed command for intermittent cutting, the actual position of the cutting tool 14 may not completely track the feed axis M1. Figure 3 The curves A1 and A2 shown in FIG. 1 and 1 are shown in FIG. 1 . That is, even if the command value is considered to be able to shred the chips, the chips may not be shredded as expected in reality. In this regard, the display device 20 of the present embodiment can detect the time change of the actual position of the feed shaft M1 through the position detection device 15 such as an encoder, and generate the above-mentioned second information based on the detection data and display it on the display unit 30. Therefore, by observing such second information based on the actual positions of the feed shafts M1 and M2, the operator can accurately determine whether the chips are actually shredded.

[0112] In addition, when turning a cylindrical workpiece W, the rotation speed S of the workpiece W may be a fixed value. On the other hand, when turning a workpiece W in a conical or truncated cone shape, the diameter of the portion of the workpiece that the tip of the cutting tool 14 contacts is determined by the cutting tool 14 in the machining direction (along the machining direction). Figure 1 In this case, if the rotation speed S of the workpiece W is a fixed value, the circumferential speed (i.e., the cutting speed) of the workpiece W at the contact portion of the cutting tool 14 changes according to the position of the cutting tool 14 in the machining direction, and a uniform machined surface may not be obtained. Therefore, the rotation speed S of the workpiece W is determined by a function that changes in accordance with the diameter of the workpiece portion contacted by the front end of the cutting tool 14, so that the circumferential speed becomes constant.

[0113] In addition, the control device 11 and the display device 20 are configured using a computer having memories such as ROM (read only memory) and RAM (random access memory) connected to each other via a bus, a CPU (control processing unit) and a communication control unit. In addition, each functional unit constituting the display device 20, such as the information acquisition unit 21, the first information display unit 31, the second information display unit 32, the third information display unit 33, and the enlarged information display unit 34, is realized by the cooperation of the CPU, the memory and the control program stored in the memory installed in the computer.

[0114] The above describes the embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes and deformations can be made. For example, in the above embodiment, the structure in which the workpiece W rotates and the cutting tool 14 swings along the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this structure.

[0115] The machine tool of the present invention may be configured as follows: the workpiece W is turned by controlling the spindle M0 that relatively rotates the workpiece W and the cutting tool 14 around the central axis of the workpiece W and at least one feed axis M1, M2, etc. that relatively feeds the workpiece W and the cutting tool 14 in the machining direction along the central axis. For example, the following configuration is assumed: a configuration in which the cutting tool 14 rotates around the central axis of the workpiece W and the workpiece W swings relative to the cutting tool 14, or a configuration in which the workpiece W rotates and the workpiece W swings relative to the cutting tool 14 in the direction along the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W. In the present invention, a machining method in which the cutting tool 14 is rotated around the central axis of the workpiece W to cut the workpiece W is also set as a turning process.

Claims

1. A display device for acquiring and displaying information of a machine tool, the machine tool comprising a spindle for rotating a workpiece and a cutting tool relative to each other and at least one feed axis for feeding the workpiece and the cutting tool relative to each other, wherein the cutting tool and the workpiece are relatively swung while cutting the workpiece, It is characterized in that The display device comprises: A first information display unit for displaying first information indicating a position of the cutting tool after relative feeding of the cutting tool with respect to the workpiece; a second information display unit that displays second information indicating a relationship between a phase of the main shaft and a position of the feed shaft; and a range selection unit that selects a part of the first information as a selection range, The second information indicates the position of the feed shaft, which is information of a wave-like waveform formed by the swing, and is information indicating the position of the feed shaft in an overlapping manner every time the spindle rotates one or several times. If the waveforms overlap, it indicates that the chips can be cut. The second information display unit changes a display range of the second information so as to correspond to the selection range selected by the range selection unit.

2. The display device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The display device further includes a range changing unit configured to change a display range of the second information. The range selection unit changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information changed by the range change unit.

3. The display device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The display device further includes a third information display unit for displaying third information indicating a temporal change in position information, torque information, speed information, or acceleration information of the feed axis. The third information display unit further displays the third information, or the second information display unit and the third information display unit switch between the second information to display the third information. The third information display unit changes a display range of the third information so as to correspond to the selection range selected by the range selection unit.

4. The display device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The display device further includes a range changing unit configured to change at least one of a display range of the second information and a display range of the third information. The range selection unit changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information or the display range of the third information changed by the range change unit.

5. The display device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The display device further includes an enlarged information display unit, the enlarged information display unit displays enlarged information of the first information, The enlarged information display unit further displays the enlarged information, or the second information display unit and the enlarged information display unit switch between the second information to display the enlarged information. The enlarged information display unit changes a display range of the enlarged information so as to correspond to the selected range selected by the range selection unit.

6. The display device according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The display device further includes a range changing unit configured to change at least one of a display range of the second information and a display range of the enlarged information. The range selection unit changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information or the display range of the enlarged information changed by the range change unit.

7. The display device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The display device further includes an enlarged information display unit, the enlarged information display unit displays enlarged information of the first information, The enlarged information display unit further displays the enlarged information, or the second information display unit, the third information display unit and the enlarged information display unit switch between the second information or the third information to display the enlarged information. The enlarged information display unit changes a display range of the enlarged information so as to correspond to the selected range selected by the range selection unit.

8. The display device according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The display device further includes a range changing unit that changes at least one of a display range of the second information, a display range of the third information, and a display range of the enlarged information. The range selection unit changes the selection range so as to correspond to the display range of the second information, the display range of the third information, or the display range of the enlarged information changed by the range change unit.

Images