Electric vehicle and double-speed gearbox thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-speed gearbox, comprising: an input shaft, an output shaft, a conical sleeve and a high-speed and low-speed clutch assembly, wherein the power output of the motor is transmitted by the input shaft; the input shaft is provided with high-speed and low-speed driving gears, and the output shaft is provided with high-speed and low-speed passive gears; the conical sleeve sliding sleeve is provided on the output shaft, and the conical sleeve is provided with a first conical surface and a second conical surface that expand outward; the low-speed clutch assembly and the high-speed clutch assembly are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conical sleeve, and both include a clutch bracket, a V-shaped shift lever and a clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The high-speed and low-speed shifting functions can be realized by the conical sleeve and the high-speed and low-speed shift levers, and the shifting mode of the plate-type combination and separation of the high-speed and low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates can realize the requirement of smooth shifting. The present invention also discloses an electric vehicle comprising the above dual-speed gearbox.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle and a dual-speed gearbox thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing electric vehicle drive systems are usually single-speed transmissions, that is, a motor speed controller is used to control the speed of the motor, thereby achieving high and low speed changes in the vehicle's driving speed.

[0003] Since the optimal speed range of the motor is limited, it is impossible to achieve the requirement of a wider speed range when the vehicle is driving. Therefore, when the motor is working in the low-speed effective range, it is impossible to achieve high-speed operation while ensuring that it works in the optimal range. If the motor is set to the optimal speed range of high speed, it cannot reach the optimal working state when running at low speed, that is, it is impossible to achieve speed adjustment between low speed and high speed, which will increase power consumption and affect the cruising range.

[0004] The existing two-speed gearbox usually adopts the synchronous speed change mode of the manual gearbox, and the power is transmitted by the coupling spline connection. When switching between high and low speeds, the motor speed is high, which is prone to setbacks, affecting the driving experience; in addition, when shifting at high speed, the synchronizer wears more. Although the speed change requirements are met, the structure is noisy and easy to damage.

[0005] Therefore, how to ensure the smoothness of the transmission power transmission is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle and a two-speed gearbox thereof, which can effectively solve the problem of poor power transmission stability.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A two-speed gearbox comprises: an input shaft, an output shaft, a cone sleeve, a low-speed clutch assembly and a high-speed clutch assembly;

[0009] The input shaft is provided with a low-speed driving gear and a high-speed driving gear along its axial direction, the output shaft is provided with a low-speed passive gear meshing with the low-speed driving gear and a high-speed passive gear meshing with the high-speed driving gear along its axial direction, and the low-speed passive gear and the high-speed passive gear are mounted on the output shaft through bearings;

[0010] The conical sleeve is slidably mounted on the output shaft and is located between the low-speed passive gear and the high-speed passive gear. One side of the inner hole of the conical sleeve is provided with a first conical surface that expands outwards, and the other side is provided with a second conical surface that expands outwards.

[0011] The low-speed clutch assembly and the high-speed clutch assembly are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conical sleeve, and both include a clutch bracket, a V-shaped shift lever and a clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The clutch bracket is sleeved on the output shaft, and the bending part of the V-shaped shift lever is hinged on the clutch bracket. One end of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly contacts the first conical surface, and one end of the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly contacts the second conical surface. The other end of the V-shaped shift lever contacts the side of the clutch dynamic and static friction plate away from the conical sleeve, and the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is fixed on the end surface of the clutch bracket;

[0012] An annular protrusion is provided on the opposite side of the low-speed driven gear and the high-speed driven gear, and the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is located on the inner side of the annular protrusion. When the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is pressed by the V-type shift lever, the outer periphery of the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is in close contact with the inner side of the annular protrusion, so that the low-speed driven gear or the high-speed driven gear drives the output shaft to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly and one end of the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly are both provided with a roller that contacts the conical sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, both ends of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly and the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly are provided with inwardly folded portions.

[0015] Preferably, the low-speed clutch bracket is hinged with a plurality of V-shaped shift levers of the low-speed clutch assembly evenly distributed along its circumference, and the high-speed clutch bracket is hinged with a plurality of V-shaped shift levers of the high-speed clutch assembly evenly distributed along its circumference.

[0016] Preferably, a first U-shaped groove is provided on the low-speed clutch bracket, and the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly is hinged to the side wall of the first U-shaped groove through a hinge shaft. A second U-shaped groove is provided on the high-speed clutch bracket, and the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly is hinged to the side wall of the second U-shaped groove through a hinge shaft.

[0017] Preferably, a shift toggle ring is provided on the outer wall of the tapered sleeve, an outer groove is provided on the outer wall of the tapered sleeve, an inner groove is provided on the inner wall of the shift toggle ring, and the outer groove and the inner groove constitute an annular chamber for accommodating balls.

[0018] An electric vehicle comprises the two-speed gearbox described in any one of the above items.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0020] The electric vehicle and its two-speed gearbox provided by the present invention include: an input shaft, an output shaft, a conical sleeve and a high-speed and low-speed clutch assembly, wherein the power output of the motor is transmitted by the input shaft; the input shaft is provided with high-speed and low-speed driving gears, and the output shaft is provided with high-speed and low-speed passive gears; the conical sleeve sliding sleeve is provided on the output shaft, and the conical sleeve is provided with a first conical surface and a second conical surface that expand outward; the low-speed clutch assembly and the high-speed clutch assembly are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conical sleeve, and both include a clutch bracket, a V-shaped shift lever and a clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The high-speed and low-speed shifting functions can be realized by the conical sleeve and the high-speed and low-speed shift levers, and the shifting mode of the plate-type combination and separation of the high-speed and low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates can realize the requirement of smooth shifting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a two-speed gearbox provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of the AA section;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of region Ⅰ in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle region II;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the V-shaped shift lever.

[0027] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0028] 1 is an input shaft, 2 is a low-speed driving gear, 3 is a low-speed passive gear, 4 is a low-speed clutch dynamic friction plate, 5 and 17 are annular separation springs, 6 are low-speed clutch static friction plates, 7 and 15 are elastic gaskets, 8 is a low-speed clutch bracket, 9 is a low-speed V-type shift lever, 10 is a conical sleeve, 11 is a high-speed driving gear, 12 is a high-speed V-type shift lever, 13 is a high-speed passive gear, 14 is a high-speed clutch bracket, 16 is a high-speed clutch dynamic friction plate, 18 is a high-speed clutch static friction plate, 19 is a secondary driving gear, 20 is an output shaft, 21 is a secondary passive gear, 22 is a roller, 23 is a ball, and 24 is a shift toggle ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 , Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a two-speed gearbox provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of the AA section; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of region Ⅰ in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle region II; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the V-shaped shift lever.

[0032] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a two-speed gearbox, comprising: an input shaft 1, an output shaft 20, a tapered sleeve 10, a low-speed clutch assembly and a high-speed clutch assembly, wherein the power output of the motor is transmitted by the input shaft 1; a low-speed driving gear 2 and a high-speed driving gear 11 are provided on the input shaft 1 along its axial direction, a low-speed passive gear 3 meshing with the low-speed driving gear 2 and a high-speed passive gear 13 meshing with the high-speed driving gear 11 are provided on the output shaft 20 along its axial direction, the low-speed passive gear 3 and the high-speed passive gear 13 are installed on the output shaft 20 through bearings, and the output shaft 20 is also provided with a secondary driving gear 19 to drive the secondary passive gear 21, thereby driving the vehicle to travel; the tapered sleeve 10 is slidably sleeved on the output shaft 20 The output shaft 20 is located between the low-speed driven gear 3 and the high-speed driven gear 13. One side of the inner hole of the conical sleeve 10 is provided with a first conical surface that expands outward, and the other side is provided with a second conical surface that expands outward. The low-speed clutch assembly and the high-speed clutch assembly are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conical sleeve 10, and both include a clutch bracket, a V-shaped shift lever and a clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The clutch bracket is sleeved on the output shaft 20, and the bending part of the V-shaped shift lever is hinged on the clutch bracket. One end of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly contacts the first conical surface, and one end of the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly contacts the second conical surface. The other end of the V-shaped shift lever contacts the side of the clutch dynamic and static friction plate away from the conical sleeve 10, and the clutch dynamic and static friction plates are fixed. On the end face of the clutch bracket, specifically, the low-speed clutch assembly includes a low-speed clutch bracket 8, a low-speed V-type shift lever 9 and a low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The low-speed clutch bracket 8 is sleeved on the output shaft 20 and is located between the low-speed driven gear 3 and the conical sleeve 10. The bending part of the low-speed V-type shift lever 9 is hinged on the low-speed clutch bracket 8. One end of the low-speed V-type shift lever 9 contacts the first conical surface, and the other end contacts the side of the low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plate away from the conical sleeve 10. The low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plate is fixed on the end face of the low-speed clutch bracket 8; the high-speed clutch assembly includes a high-speed clutch bracket 14, a high-speed V-type shift lever 12 and a high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The high-speed clutch bracket 14 is sleeved on the output shaft 20, and is located between the high-speed passive gear 13 and the conical sleeve 10, the bending part of the high-speed V-type shift lever 12 is hinged on the high-speed clutch bracket 14, one end of the high-speed V-type shift lever 12 contacts the second conical surface, and the other end contacts the side of the high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plate away from the conical sleeve 10, and the high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plate is fixed on the end face of the high-speed clutch bracket 14; an annular protrusion is provided on the opposite side of the low-speed passive gear 3 and the high-speed passive gear 13, and the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is located on the inner side of the annular protrusion. When the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is pressed by the V-type shift lever, the outer periphery of the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is in close contact with the inner side of the annular protrusion, so that the low-speed passive gear 3 or the high-speed passive gear 13 drives the output shaft 20 to rotate.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the output shaft 20 needs to rotate at a low speed, the conical sleeve 10 can be controlled to slide toward the low-speed driven gear 3, and the first conical surface of the conical sleeve 10 pushes the low-speed V-type shift lever 9 to rotate to compress the low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, while releasing the high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, and the high-speed driven gear 13 idles, and the low-speed driven gear 3 drives the low-speed clutch bracket 8 to rotate through the compressed low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, thereby driving the output shaft 20 to rotate at a low speed; when the output shaft 20 needs to rotate at a high speed, the conical sleeve 10 can be controlled When sliding toward the high-speed passive gear 13, the high-speed V-type shift lever 12 is pushed to rotate by the second conical surface of the conical sleeve 10 to compress the high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, while releasing the low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, and the low-speed passive gear 3 is idle, and the high-speed passive gear 13 drives the high-speed clutch bracket 14 to rotate through the compressed high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, thereby driving the output shaft 20 to rotate at high speed. Regarding how to transmit the power from the driven gear to the output shaft 20 through the compressed clutch dynamic and static friction plates, reference can be made to the prior art, which will not be repeated here. This embodiment can realize the high and low speed shifting function through the conical sleeve 10 and the high and low speed shift levers, and the shifting mode of the plate-type combination and separation of the high and low speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates can realize the demand for smooth shifting.

[0034] Further, one end of the low-speed V-type shift lever 9 and the high-speed V-type shift lever 12 is provided with a roller 22 that contacts the conical sleeve 10. The roller 22 can reduce the friction between the V-type shift levers, thereby reducing the wear of parts and components and improving the service life of the gearbox.

[0035] Specifically, both ends of the low-speed V-shaped shift lever 9 and the high-speed V-shaped shift lever 12 are provided with an inwardly folded bent portion. The bent portion facilitates the shift lever to press the clutch dynamic and static friction plates, and also facilitates the conical surface of the conical surface sleeve 10 to push the shift lever to rotate. The length of the rod body in contact with the conical surface is preferably longer than the length of the rod body in contact with the clutch dynamic and static friction plates.

[0036] In order to optimize the use effect of the low-speed clutch assembly and the high-speed clutch assembly of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a plurality of low-speed V-shaped shift levers 9 evenly distributed along its circumference are hinged on the low-speed clutch bracket 8, and a plurality of high-speed V-shaped shift levers 12 evenly distributed along its circumference are hinged on the high-speed clutch bracket 14. Preferably, four of each are provided to ensure that the shift levers press the clutch dynamic and static friction plates.

[0037] Specifically, a first U-shaped groove is provided on the low-speed clutch bracket 8, and the low-speed V-shaped shift lever 9 is hinged on the side wall of the first U-shaped groove through a hinge shaft. A second U-shaped groove is provided on the high-speed clutch bracket 14, and the high-speed V-shaped shift lever 12 is hinged on the side wall of the second U-shaped groove through a hinge shaft. The high-speed and low-speed clutch brackets 8 have a sleeve and a disc arranged outside one end of the sleeve. Two flat plates arranged in parallel with a preset interval are provided on the outer side wall of the sleeve. The adjacent two sides of the two flat plates are respectively fixed to the end surface of the disc and the outer side wall of the sleeve. The two flat plates constitute the above-mentioned U-shaped groove. When there are multiple shift levers, a corresponding number of flat plates can be provided. In addition, a through hole for one end of the shift lever to pass through should be provided on the disc. The aperture of the through hole should be larger than the rotation amplitude of the shift lever.

[0038] In addition, a shift toggle ring 24 is provided on the outer wall of the tapered sleeve 10, an outer groove is provided on the outer wall of the tapered sleeve 10, and an inner groove is provided on the inner wall of the shift toggle ring 24, and the outer groove and the inner groove constitute an annular chamber for accommodating the ball 23. Part of the ball 23 is located in the inner groove, and the other part is located in the outer groove, so that the shift toggle ring 24 can transmit the shifting force.

[0039] In order to compensate for the enlarged spacing between the clutch dynamic and static friction plates due to wear, the low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates include low-speed clutch dynamic friction plates 4 and low-speed clutch static friction plates 6, and the high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates include high-speed clutch dynamic friction plates 16 and high-speed clutch static friction plates 18. Since the low-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates and the high-speed clutch dynamic and static friction plates have the same structure, they are hereinafter referred to as clutch dynamic friction plates and clutch static friction plates. Annular separation springs 5 ​​and 17 are provided between adjacent clutch dynamic friction plates, and an elastic compensation device is provided on the outer side of a clutch dynamic friction plate located at the end. The clutch dynamic and static friction plates include multiple clutch dynamic friction plates and multiple clutch static friction plates. The clutch dynamic friction plates and the clutch static friction plates are arranged crosswise. The inner diameter of the clutch static friction plates is smaller than the inner diameter of the clutch dynamic friction plates. The annular separation springs are located between adjacent clutch dynamic friction plates and are located near the inner hole of the separation springs. The elastic compensation device can be used to control the spacing between the clutch friction plates to always be at the required value, that is, when the spacing between the clutch friction plates increases, the elastic compensation device will control the clutch friction plates to move closer to each other to compensate for the increasing spacing trend, wherein the elastic compensation device can be an elastic gasket 7, 15 or a compression spring. By ensuring the spacing between the clutch friction plates, the clutch can smoothly realize the clutch function, thereby ensuring the stability of the clutch operation.

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, comprising the two-speed gearbox described in any of the above embodiments. The beneficial effects thereof can be referred to the two-speed gearbox described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0042] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0043] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A two-speed gearbox, characterized in that: include: Input shaft, output shaft, taper sleeve, low-speed clutch assembly and high-speed clutch assembly; The input shaft is provided with a low-speed driving gear and a high-speed driving gear along its axial direction, the output shaft is provided with a low-speed passive gear meshing with the low-speed driving gear and a high-speed passive gear meshing with the high-speed driving gear along its axial direction, and the low-speed passive gear and the high-speed passive gear are mounted on the output shaft through bearings; The conical sleeve is slidably mounted on the output shaft and is located between the low-speed passive gear and the high-speed passive gear. One side of the inner hole of the conical sleeve is provided with a first conical surface that expands outwards, and the other side is provided with a second conical surface that expands outwards. The low-speed clutch assembly and the high-speed clutch assembly are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conical sleeve, and both include a clutch bracket, a V-shaped shift lever and a clutch dynamic and static friction plate. The clutch bracket is sleeved on the output shaft, and the bending part of the V-shaped shift lever is hinged on the clutch bracket. One end of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly contacts the first conical surface, and one end of the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly contacts the second conical surface. The other end of the V-shaped shift lever contacts the side of the clutch dynamic and static friction plate away from the conical sleeve, and the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is fixed on the end surface of the clutch bracket; An annular protrusion is provided on one side opposite to the low-speed driven gear and the high-speed driven gear, and the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is located on the inner side of the annular protrusion. When the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is pressed by the V-shaped shift lever, the outer periphery of the clutch dynamic and static friction plate is in close contact with the inner side of the annular protrusion, so that the low-speed driven gear or the high-speed driven gear drives the output shaft to rotate; One end of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly and one end of the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly are both provided with a roller in contact with the conical sleeve; The low-speed clutch bracket is hinged with a plurality of V-shaped shift levers of the low-speed clutch assembly evenly distributed along its circumference, and the high-speed clutch bracket is hinged with a plurality of V-shaped shift levers of the high-speed clutch assembly evenly distributed along its circumference.

2. The two-speed gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly and the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly are provided with inwardly folded portions.

3. The two-speed gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-speed clutch bracket is provided with a first U-shaped groove, and the V-shaped shift lever of the low-speed clutch assembly is hinged to the side wall of the first U-shaped groove through a hinge shaft. The high-speed clutch bracket is provided with a second U-shaped groove, and the V-shaped shift lever of the high-speed clutch assembly is hinged to the side wall of the second U-shaped groove through a hinge shaft.

4. A two-speed gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the conical sleeve is provided with a shift toggle ring, the outer wall of the conical sleeve is provided with an outer groove, the inner wall of the shift toggle ring is provided with an inner groove, and the outer groove and the inner groove constitute an annular chamber for accommodating balls.

5. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: A two-speed gearbox comprising the one of claims 1 to 4.

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