A temperature-resistant energy storage component

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage components, and in particular, relates to a temperature-resistant variable energy storage component. The present invention provides a temperature-resistant variable energy storage component, including an energy storage component and a flexible temperature control material layer; the flexible temperature control material layer includes a phase change material layer and a heat insulation layer, and the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are bonded; the flexible temperature control material layer is wrapped around the outside of the energy storage component, and the number of layers of the flexible temperature control material layer wrapped around the energy storage component is more than two layers, and in the same layer of the flexible temperature control material layer, the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component. In the present invention, the flexible temperature control material layer can make the temperature of the energy storage component not easy to rise or fall quickly in a high temperature or low temperature environment, solve the heat insulation, heat preservation and temperature control problems of the energy storage component in a high temperature and low temperature environment, and the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component is applicable to both high temperature and low temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage components, and in particular relates to a temperature-resistant energy storage component. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most widely used rechargeable secondary batteries and are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage, and consumer electronics. Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, and no memory effect. However, lithium-ion batteries are prone to heat during charging and discharging, especially during high-power charging and discharging. The heat generated is high, and the temperature inside and on the surface of the battery is high, which causes the battery life to decay rapidly, and excessive temperature is prone to safety hazards. In addition, the use of lithium-ion batteries in low temperature environments will also affect the service life. Low-temperature charging may form lithium metal dendrites, causing the battery to short-circuit and catch fire. Similarly, other energy storage components also face the problem that high temperature is prone to safety hazards and low temperature affects the service life. At present, the cooling methods for energy storage components mainly include air cooling and liquid cooling. The advantages of air cooling are simple system structure, low cost, and high energy density of the battery system, but the cooling effect is poor. The advantages of liquid cooling are fast cooling speed and high efficiency, but the structure is complex, the cost is high, and the energy density of the energy storage system is low.

[0003] Therefore, it is very necessary to develop more advanced cooling technologies for energy storage components. How to make energy storage components temperature-resistant has become a technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a temperature-resistant variable energy storage component, which is used to solve the problem that the energy storage component is prone to potential safety hazards when the temperature is too high, and the service life is affected when the temperature is too low.

[0005] The specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A temperature-resistant variable energy storage component, comprising an energy storage component and a flexible temperature control material layer;

[0007] The flexible temperature control material layer comprises a phase change material layer and a heat insulation layer, and the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are bonded;

[0008] The flexible temperature control material layer is wrapped around the outside of the energy storage component and the number of layers of the flexible temperature control material layer wrapped around the energy storage component is more than two. In the same layer of the flexible temperature control material layer, the phase change material layer and the thermal insulation layer are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component.

[0009] Preferably, the phase change material of the phase change material layer is selected from inorganic phase change materials, organic phase change materials and / or composite phase change materials;

[0010] The thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation layer is selected from vacuum insulation panels, aerogel felt, foam plastics, rock wool, asbestos, silicate, foam glass, ceramic fiber, glass fiber and / or aerogel.

[0011] Preferably, the phase change material layer includes two or more different phase change material blocks;

[0012] The phase change material layer is formed by splicing the two or more different phase change material blocks.

[0013] Preferably, the thermal insulation layer comprises two or more different thermal insulation blocks;

[0014] The heat insulation layer is formed by splicing the two or more different heat insulation blocks.

[0015] Preferably, the phase change temperature of the phase change material layer is 30°C to 70°C.

[0016] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer is not greater than 0.1 W / m·K.

[0017] Preferably, the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are bonded by an adhesive.

[0018] Preferably, the energy storage component is a battery or a supercapacitor.

[0019] In summary, the present invention provides a temperature-resistant variable energy storage component, comprising an energy storage component and a flexible temperature control material layer; the flexible temperature control material layer comprises a phase change material layer and a thermal insulation layer, and the phase change material layer and the thermal insulation layer are bonded; the flexible temperature control material layer is wrapped around the outside of the energy storage component and the number of layers of the flexible temperature control material layer wrapped around the energy storage component is more than two layers, and in the same layer of the flexible temperature control material layer, the phase change material layer and the thermal insulation layer are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component. In the present invention, the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component, the heat insulation layer can block or delay the heat exchange between the external environment and the energy storage component, the phase change material layer can absorb the heat released by the energy storage component when it is working, so that the temperature is controlled within a suitable range, avoiding high temperature or low temperature operation, thereby extending the service life and improving safety and reliability, making the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component temperature-resistant, so that the temperature of the energy storage component is not easy to rise or fall rapidly under high temperature or low temperature environment, and can solve the heat insulation, heat preservation and temperature control problems of energy storage components under high temperature and low temperature environments, and the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component is applicable under high temperature or low temperature environments. In addition, the present invention uses a flexible temperature control material layer to wrap around the energy storage component, and the flexible temperature control material layer does not need to be made into a specific shape and can be applied to temperature-resistant variable energy storage components of different shapes, and there is no need to develop a specific mold according to the energy storage component, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. At the same time, the flexible temperature control material layer is simple to operate when used, and can be quickly installed, which can solve the heat insulation, heat preservation and temperature control problems of temperature-resistant variable energy storage components of different shapes such as complex shapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible temperature control material layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-resistant variable energy storage component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Illustration: 1. Phase change material layer; 2. Thermal insulation layer; 3. Energy storage components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention provides a temperature-resistant variable energy storage component, which is used to solve the problem that the energy storage component is prone to potential safety hazards when the temperature is too high, and the service life is affected when the temperature is too low.

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible temperature control material layer in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component in the embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: an energy storage component 3 and a flexible temperature control material layer;

[0027] The flexible temperature control material layer includes a phase change material layer 1 and a heat insulation layer 2, and the phase change material layer 1 and the heat insulation layer 2 are bonded;

[0028] The flexible temperature control material layer is wrapped around the outside of the energy storage component 3 and the number of layers of the flexible temperature control material layer wrapped around the energy storage component 3 is more than two. In the same layer of flexible temperature control material layer, the phase change material layer 1 and the thermal insulation layer 2 are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component 3.

[0029] The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component of the present invention adopts a flexible temperature control material layer for temperature control. The flexible temperature control material layer is wound around the outside of the energy storage component 3, and the number of layers of the flexible temperature control material layer wound around the energy storage component 3 is more than two layers. In the same layer of flexible temperature control material layer, the phase change material layer 1 and the heat insulation layer 2 are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component 3. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component works in an external high-temperature environment. When the external environment temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, due to the barrier effect of the heat insulation layer 2, it is difficult for the external heat to be quickly and massively transferred to the phase change material layer 1, and the phase change material layer 1 can still be long The time is kept within a relatively low temperature range; when the energy storage component 3 near the phase change material layer 1 generates heat during the working process and its surface temperature reaches the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the phase change material layer 1, the phase change material absorbs the heat on the surface of the energy storage component 3, so that the energy storage component 3 is kept at a suitable working temperature, thereby improving its temperature uniformity and significantly extending its service life; when the external environment temperature is lower than the phase change material temperature or the energy storage component 3 stops working and generating heat, the heat absorbed by the phase change material is slowly released to the external environment, and the temperature of the phase change material is restored to below the phase change temperature again. In addition, the present invention uses a flexible temperature control material layer to wrap around the energy storage component 3, and the flexible temperature control material layer does not need to be made into a specific shape, which can be quickly installed, convenient and easy to use, and has low cost.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change material layer 1 and the heat insulation layer 2 are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component 3. The heat insulation layer 2 can block or delay the heat exchange between the external environment and the energy storage component 3. The phase change material layer 1 can absorb the heat released by the energy storage component 3 during operation, so that the temperature is controlled within a suitable range, avoiding high or low temperature operation, thereby extending the service life and improving safety and reliability, making the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component temperature-resistant, so that the temperature of the energy storage component 3 is not easy to rise or drop rapidly in a high or low temperature environment, and can solve the problems of heat insulation, heat preservation and temperature control of the energy storage component 3 in high and low temperature environments. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component is suitable for both high and low temperature environments. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a flexible temperature control material layer is wound around the energy storage component 3. The flexible temperature control material layer does not need to be made into a specific shape and can be applied to temperature-resistant and variable energy storage components of different shapes. There is no need to develop a specific mold based on the energy storage component 3, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. At the same time, the flexible temperature control material layer is easy to operate when used and can be quickly installed, which can solve the insulation, heat preservation and temperature control problems of temperature-resistant and variable energy storage components of different shapes, such as complex shapes.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change material of the phase change material layer 1 is selected from inorganic phase change materials, organic phase change materials and / or composite phase change materials;

[0032] The inorganic phase change material is preferably a hydrate of an inorganic salt, and the hydrate of the inorganic salt is selected from sodium salt hydrate, potassium salt hydrate, lithium salt hydrate, magnesium salt hydrate, calcium salt hydrate and / or aluminum salt hydrate.

[0033] The organic phase change material is selected from paraffin, higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, higher fatty acid, amide and / or high molecular polymer.

[0034] The composite phase change material is a phase change material mixed with an inorganic phase change material, an organic phase change material and / or a filling material (support material) and auxiliary materials, and preferably contains paraffin, expanded graphite and a polymer material.

[0035] In particular, when the phase change material is an amorphous material, the phase change material is pre-packaged and then bonded to the heat insulation layer. Amorphous material means that when the temperature reaches or exceeds the phase change temperature point, the phase change material cannot maintain the original solid morphology after the phase change. The present invention solves the problem that the phase change material cannot maintain the original solid morphology after the phase change by pre-packaging. The material used for pre-packaging can be selected from plastic film, aluminum plastic film, passivated aluminum film and alloy film.

[0036] The heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer 2 is selected from vacuum insulation panels, aerogel felts, foam plastics, rock wool, asbestos, silicates, foam glass, ceramic fibers, glass fibers and / or aerogels, preferably aerogels.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change material layer 1 includes two or more different phase change material blocks;

[0038] The phase change material layer 1 is formed by splicing two or more different phase change material blocks.

[0039] The thermal insulation layer 2 comprises two or more different thermal insulation blocks;

[0040] The heat insulation layer 2 is formed by splicing two or more different heat insulation blocks.

[0041] The phase change material block and the thermal insulation block are distinguished by the phase change material and the thermal insulation material respectively.

[0042] The phase change material layer 1 is formed by splicing two or more different phase change material blocks, and the thermal insulation layer 2 is formed by splicing two or more different thermal insulation blocks, so that different parts of the energy storage component 3 can use different phase change materials and thermal insulation materials to achieve better temperature control effect.

[0043] The phase change material layer 1 can be formed by splicing two or more different phase change material blocks arranged at intervals, and the heat insulation layer 2 can be formed by splicing two or more different heat insulation blocks arranged at intervals.

[0044] It should be noted that the number of each phase change material block to be spliced ​​is more than one, and the number of each thermal insulation block to be spliced ​​is more than one, which can be determined according to needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the phase change material layer 1 is 30°C to 70°C, preferably 40°C to 50°C.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer 2 is not greater than 0.1 W / m·K, preferably not greater than 0.03 W / m·K.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change material layer 1 and the heat insulation layer 2 are bonded by an adhesive.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage component 3 is a battery or a supercapacitor.

[0049] The battery can be a lithium-ion battery, a lead-acid battery or other secondary battery. It should be noted that other electronic devices can also use the flexible temperature control material layer for heat insulation, heat preservation and temperature control together with the energy storage component 3, which is not specifically limited here.

[0050] The battery may be a battery pack, which is a combination of multiple battery cells connected in parallel or in series.

[0051] It should be noted that the temperature-resistant variable energy storage component of the present invention has good insulation, heat preservation and temperature control effects. When the energy storage component 3 is a battery, the flexible temperature control material layer can wrap the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and can also wrap accessories such as circuit protection boards.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A 26650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery was used, and two layers of the flexible temperature control material of the present invention were coated on the outside of the battery. The phase change materials of the two phase change material layers were both composite phase change materials, and the phase change temperature point was 48°C; the thermal insulation materials were both aerogels. Afterwards, the battery was placed in a 50°C oven for 1 hour and 6 hours, and the temperature of the battery was measured respectively.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Use the same battery as in Example 1, and coat the outside of the battery with two layers of the flexible temperature control material of the present invention. Among them, the phase change material of the phase change material layer close to one side of the battery is a composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature point is 40°C; the phase change material of the phase change material layer away from the battery is a composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature point is 48°C; the thermal insulation materials are all aerogels. The total thickness of the two phase change material layers in this embodiment is the same as the total thickness of the two phase change material layers in Example 1, and the total thickness of the thermal insulation material layers is the same as the total thickness of the two thermal insulation material layers in Example 1. Afterwards, place the battery in a 50°C oven for 1 hour and 6 hours, and measure the temperature of the battery respectively.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] Use the same battery as in Example 1, and coat the outside of the battery with two layers of the flexible temperature control material of the present invention. Among them, the phase change material of the phase change material layer close to one side of the battery is a composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature point is 40°C; the phase change material of the phase change material layer away from the battery side is a paraffin organic phase change material, and the phase change temperature point is 48°C; the thermal insulation materials are all aerogels. The total thickness of the two phase change material layers in this embodiment is the same as the total thickness of the two phase change material layers in Example 1, and the total thickness of the two thermal insulation material layers is the same as the total thickness of the two thermal insulation material layers in Example 1. Afterwards, the battery was placed in a 50°C oven for 1 hour and 6 hours, and the temperature of the battery was measured respectively.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] The same battery as in Example 1 was placed in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and 6 hours, and the temperature of the battery was measured respectively.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The same battery as in Example 1 was used, and a layer of composite phase change material was coated on the outside of the battery, and then a layer of heat insulation material was coated. The phase change temperature point of the phase change material was 48°C, and the heat insulation material was aerogel. Among them, the composite phase change material was the same as in Example 1, the thickness of the composite phase change material was the same as the total thickness of the two phase change material layers in Example 1, and the thickness of the heat insulation material was the same as the total thickness of the two heat insulation material layers in Example 1. Afterwards, the battery was placed in a 50°C oven for 1 hour and 6 hours, and the temperature of the battery was measured respectively.

[0062] Please refer to Table 1 for the results, which shows the temperatures of the batteries of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 after being placed in a 50°C oven for 1 hour and 6 hours. The results show that the battery using the flexible temperature control material layer of the present invention can maintain the temperature of the battery no higher than 38°C after being placed in a 50°C environment for 1 hour, which is lower than the temperature of the batteries in Comparative Examples 1 to 2. The flexible temperature control material layer of the present invention can more effectively solve the insulation and temperature control problems of energy storage components.

[0063] Table 1 Temperature of the batteries of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 after being placed in a 50°C oven for 1 hour and 6 hours

[0064]

[0065] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-resistant variable energy storage component, characterized in that: It includes energy storage components and a flexible temperature control material layer; The flexible temperature control material layer comprises a phase change material layer and a heat insulation layer, and the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are bonded; The flexible temperature control material layer is wound around the outside of the energy storage component and the number of layers of the flexible temperature control material layer wound around the energy storage component is two or more. In the same layer of the flexible temperature control material layer, the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged from the inside to the outside relative to the energy storage component. The phase change material of the phase change material layer close to the battery side is a composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature point is 40°C; the phase change material of the phase change material layer far from the battery side is a paraffin organic phase change material, and the phase change temperature point is 48°C; the thermal insulation materials are all aerogels; The composite phase change material comprises paraffin, expanded graphite and polymer material.

2. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material layer includes two or more different phase change material blocks; The phase change material layer is formed by splicing the two or more different phase change material blocks.

3. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer comprises two or more different thermal insulation blocks; The heat insulation layer is formed by splicing the two or more different heat insulation blocks.

4. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer is no greater than 0.1 W / m•K.

5. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer are bonded by an adhesive.

6. The temperature-resistant variable energy storage component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage component is a battery or a supercapacitor.

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