A three-dimensional rolling ball isolation bearing

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of seismic isolation technology, and specifically relates to a three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing, including: an upper bearing plate, a metal rolling ball, a lower bearing plate, a horizontal damper, a vertical seismic isolator, and a metal flat plate of a groove-shaped support seismic isolation object. The upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate are arranged relatively to each other up and down, and the corresponding surfaces of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate are respectively provided with variable frequency concave surfaces, wherein: three upper bearing plate variable frequency concave surfaces are provided at the bottom of the upper bearing plate, and three lower bearing plate assembled variable frequency concave surfaces are installed on the upper part of the lower bearing plate. The upper bearing plate variable frequency concave surfaces and the lower bearing plate assembled variable frequency concave surfaces correspond to each other in the up and down directions as a group, and metal rolling balls are arranged between each group of variable frequency concave surfaces, and a vertical vibration isolator is correspondingly installed at the lower part of each variable frequency concave surface of the lower bearing plate. The present invention can isolate horizontal and vertical seismic forces at the same time, and can also solve the problems of insufficient energy consumption capacity, easy overturning, high cost, and poor durability of the rolling ball seismic isolation bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic isolation, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing. Background Art

[0002] The isolation principle of the ball bearing is to use the concave surface to extend the natural period of the structure, greatly reduce the dynamic amplification effect caused by the earthquake, and consume the seismic energy through the friction between the ball and the upper and lower concave surfaces during the rolling process. At present, scholars at home and abroad have developed a variety of ball bearings. In 1870, Touaillon invented a ball placed in a bearing plate with spherical concave surfaces on the upper and lower sides; in 1995, Kemeny et al. invented a Ball-In-Cone bearing; in 2010, Tsai CS et al. proposed a ball bearing with damping material; in 2012, Sui Yingjie et al. proposed a ball disc spring isolation device; in 2014, Sui Yingjie et al. proposed a viscoelastic damping ball bearing; in 2016, Zhao Jinping et al. proposed a ball bearing with a brake spring; in 2019, Jiao Chiyu et al. proposed a multi-ball bearing. However, the ball bearings developed above only consider the isolation of horizontal seismic forces, but cannot isolate vertical seismic forces. Actual earthquake damage shows that the impact of vertical earthquakes cannot be ignored. For example, in the North Ridge earthquake and the Hanshin earthquake, it was found that the vertical acceleration peak was close to or even exceeded the horizontal acceleration peak. Therefore, a rolling ball bearing that isolates three-dimensional earthquake forces can fill this gap. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing, the main purpose of which is to be able to isolate horizontal and vertical seismic forces at the same time. At the same time, it can also solve the problems of the rolling ball seismic isolation bearings studied by previous researchers, such as insufficient energy dissipation capacity (such as: Touaillon), easy overturning (such as: Tsai CS), high cost (such as: Sui Yingjie 2012), or poor durability (such as: Sui Yingjie 2014).

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing comprises: an upper bearing plate, a metal rolling ball, a lower bearing plate, a horizontal damper, a vertical seismic isolator, and a groove-shaped supporting seismic isolation metal flat plate. The specific structure is as follows:

[0006] The upper support plate and the lower support plate are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the corresponding surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave curved surfaces, wherein: three upper support plate frequency conversion concave curved surfaces are provided at the bottom of the upper support plate, and three lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave curved surfaces are installed on the upper part of the lower support plate. The upper support plate frequency conversion concave curved surfaces and the lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave curved surfaces correspond to each other in the vertical direction as a group, and metal rolling balls are arranged between each group of frequency conversion concave curved surfaces;

[0007] The lower support plate is a cylindrical structure, and three lower chambers evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are provided in the middle of the lower support plate, and the assembled variable frequency concave curved surfaces of the lower support plate are respectively installed in the three lower chambers through vertical seismic isolators;

[0008] The top of the upper support plate is covered with a groove-shaped metal plate for supporting the seismic isolation object, and an upper chamber is formed between the groove-shaped part of the metal plate for supporting the seismic isolation object and the upper support plate; three horizontal dampers are installed on the top of the upper support plate, and the three horizontal dampers are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the central axes of the three horizontal dampers intersect at the center of the circle.

[0009] The three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing has a vertical seismic isolator placed under each assembled frequency conversion concave surface. The vertical seismic isolator consists of an upper connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device, a lower connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device and a circular column of the vertical seismic isolation device connected therebetween. The lower connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device is connected to the lower support plate by a matching fixing screw and a bolt rod.

[0010] The three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation support has four evenly distributed circular columns of the vertical seismic isolation device. A permanent magnet bearing plate with ball bearings and an anti-collision spring are installed on each circular column of the vertical seismic isolation device. The ball bearings are installed in the through holes at the four corners of the permanent magnet bearing plate. The permanent magnet bearing plate cooperates with the circular columns of the vertical seismic isolation device through the ball bearings. The anti-collision spring is located between the connecting plate and the permanent magnet bearing plate on the vertical seismic isolation device.

[0011] In the three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation support, permanent magnet two is installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet bearing plate, permanent magnet three is installed at the top of the lower connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device, and permanent magnet two and permanent magnet three are arranged opposite to each other.

[0012] The three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing, the horizontal damper includes a damper sleeve, a groove rod, a permanent magnet and a closed conductor. The permanent magnet is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the damper sleeve. The groove rod with the closed conductor cooperates with the ball at the opening at one end of the damper sleeve, so that the groove rod slides in the damper sleeve. A rubber gasket is arranged on the inner side of the other end of the damper sleeve.

[0013] The three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing has one end of the three horizontal dampers extending into the upper chamber, and the groove rod at this end is connected to the upper support plate through a matching fixing screw 1 and a bolt rod with a gasket; the other end of the three horizontal dampers extends to the outside of the upper chamber, and the universal hinge at this end is connected to the anti-slip baffle of the lower support plate through a matching fixing screw 2 and a vertical connecting bolt rod.

[0014] In the three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation support, the annular anti-slip baffle is arranged on the top edge of the lower support plate, and the anti-slip baffle and the lower support plate are an integrated structure.

[0015] The working principle adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0016] The present invention is installed between a foundation (or other fixed object) and a seismic isolation object, the lower support plate is fixedly connected to the foundation (or other fixed object), and the metal plate connected to the upper support plate is fixedly connected to the seismic isolation object. When an earthquake occurs, the upper support plate of the seismic isolation support isolates the horizontal seismic force by extending the natural period of the structure through the rolling ball moving on the frequency conversion concave surface, and at the same time, the seismic energy is converted into potential energy and heat energy generated by friction to consume the seismic force. In order to make up for the disadvantage of insufficient energy consumption capacity of the rolling ball seismic isolation support itself, the use of a horizontal damper can enhance the ability of the seismic isolation support to consume horizontal seismic forces. The reason is that when the upper support plate moves horizontally, the groove rod in the damper drives the closed conductor to cut the magnetic induction generated by the permanent magnet, and an electromagnetic resistance is generated between the two to prevent the relative motion line. The vertical seismic force is isolated and consumed by the vertical seismic isolator inside the lower support plate. When the vertical seismic force acts on the support, the permanent magnet bearing plate in the vertical seismic isolator will move up and down in the vertical direction. Since the permanent magnet on the bearing plate has the same magnetic pole as the permanent magnet at the bottom of the vertical seismic isolator, resistance will be generated when the bearing plate moves downward, thereby consuming the vertical seismic force.

[0017] After an earthquake occurs, the damping force generated by the conductor cutting the magnetic flux lines is related to the speed (F=CVα). When the upper support plate moves at a slower speed, the damping force decreases accordingly, and the balls between the support plates are easier to reset. In order to prevent the upper support plate from detaching, the three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation support of the present invention is provided with an anti-detachment baffle on the periphery of the lower support plate.

[0018] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The rolling ball seismic isolation support of the present invention can not only effectively isolate horizontal seismic forces, but also better isolate vertical seismic forces.

[0020] 2. The present invention adopts variable frequency concave surface, which has better seismic isolation effect than traditional curved surface

[0021] 3. The horizontal damper used in the present invention can effectively solve the problem of low rolling friction and poor energy consumption of the traditional ball friction pendulum support. At the same time, the damper is made of metal and magnets, which has better durability than dampers with the same function, and the damping force is not affected by temperature.

[0022] 4. The vertical seismic isolator used in the present invention can cleverly isolate and consume vertical seismic forces, and at the same time, cooperate with the horizontal damper without interfering with each other.

[0023] 5. The damping force generated by the horizontal damper of the present invention is related to the speed, so that the ball bearing has a better self-reset function.

[0024] 6. The present invention is a seismic isolation bearing with good seismic isolation effect, strong mobility and convenient installation, and can be used for seismic isolation protection of precious cultural relics and important equipment in museums. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 1 is a top view schematic diagram of a three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section 1-1 in FIG.

[0027] Figure 3 1 is a top view schematic diagram of the rolling ball seismic isolation support after the grooved metal plate is removed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a front schematic diagram of the upper support plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 (a)-(c) is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 2-2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of FIG. 5(a) is a main view, FIG. 5(b) is a top view, and FIG. 5(c) is a side view.

[0030] Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of section 3-3.

[0031] Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of section 4-4.

[0032] Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of section 5-5.

[0033] Fig. 9 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of section 6-6.

[0034] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a permanent magnet bearing plate with ball bearings in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1 upper support plate, 2 lower support plate, 3 upper support plate frequency conversion concave surface, 4 lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave surface, 5 metal rolling ball, 6 horizontal damper, 7 damper sleeve, 8 groove rod, 9 permanent magnet one, 10 closed conductor, 11 ball, 12 rubber gasket, 13 bolt rod with gasket, 14 vertical connecting bolt rod, 15 fixing screw one, 16 universal hinge, 17 fixing screw two, 18 vertical seismic isolator, 19 upper connecting plate of vertical seismic isolation device, 20 permanent magnet bearing plate, 21 permanent magnet two, 22 lower connecting plate of vertical seismic isolation device, 23 permanent magnet three, 24 anti-collision spring, 25 circular column of vertical seismic isolation device, 26 fixing screw three, 27 ball bearing, 28 anti-slip baffle, 29 grooved metal flat plate supporting seismic isolation object. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, the three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation support of the present invention mainly includes: an upper support plate 1, a stainless steel metal rolling ball 5, a lower support plate 2, a horizontal damper 6, a vertical seismic isolator 18, a metal anti-slip baffle 28, a groove-shaped support seismic isolation metal flat plate 29, etc. The specific structure is as follows:

[0038] like Figure 1 -As shown in Figure 5, the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2 are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower directions, and the corresponding surfaces of the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2 are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave surfaces, wherein: three upper support plate frequency conversion concave surfaces 3 are opened at the bottom of the upper support plate 1, and three lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave surfaces 4 are installed on the upper part of the lower support plate 2. The upper support plate frequency conversion concave surfaces 3 and the lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave surfaces 4 correspond to each other in the upper and lower directions as a group, and a stainless steel metal rolling ball 5 is arranged between each group of frequency conversion concave surfaces.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6-Figure 8As shown, the lower support plate 2 is a cylindrical structure, and three lower chambers evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are opened in the middle of the lower support plate 2. The lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave surface 4 is installed in the three lower chambers through the vertical seismic isolator 18, the upper connecting plate 19 of the vertical seismic isolation device, the permanent magnet bearing plate 20, the second permanent magnet 21, the lower connecting plate 22 of the vertical seismic isolation device, the third permanent magnet 23, the anti-collision spring 24, the circular column 25 of the vertical seismic isolation device, and the third fixing screw 26. A vertical seismic isolator 18 is placed under each assembled frequency conversion concave curved surface 4. The vertical seismic isolator 18 is composed of an upper connecting plate 19 of a vertical seismic isolation device, a lower connecting plate 22 of a vertical seismic isolation device, and a circular column 25 of a vertical seismic isolation device connected therebetween. The lower connecting plate 22 of the vertical seismic isolation device is connected to the lower support plate 2 by a matching fixing screw 3 26 and a bolt rod. There are four evenly distributed circular columns 25 of the vertical seismic isolation device. A permanent magnet bearing plate 20 with a ball bearing 27 and an anti-collision spring 24 are installed on each circular column 25 of the vertical seismic isolation device. The ball bearings 27 are installed in the through holes at the four corners of the permanent magnet bearing plate 20. The permanent magnet bearing plate 20 is connected to the vertical seismic isolation device through the ball bearings 27. The circular column 25 of the vertical seismic isolation device is cooperated, the anti-collision spring 24 is located between the upper connecting plate 19 of the vertical seismic isolation device and the permanent magnet supporting plate 20, the permanent magnet two 21 is installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet supporting plate 20, and the permanent magnet three 23 is installed on the top of the lower connecting plate 22 of the vertical seismic isolation device, the S poles of the permanent magnet two 21 and the permanent magnet three 23 are arranged opposite to each other, the functions of the permanent magnet two 21 and the permanent magnet three 23 are: under the action of the vertical seismic force, the permanent magnet supporting plate 20 in the vertical seismic isolator 18 will move downward along the vertical direction, because the permanent magnet two 21 on the permanent magnet supporting plate 20 and the permanent magnet three 23 at the bottom of the vertical seismic isolator 18 have the same magnetic poles, the two will generate resistance, thereby consuming the vertical seismic force.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9-10As shown, the top of the upper support plate 1 is covered with a groove-shaped metal plate 29 supporting the seismic isolation object, and an upper chamber is formed between the groove-shaped part of the metal plate 29 supporting the seismic isolation object and the upper support plate 1. Three horizontal dampers 6 are installed on the top of the upper support plate 1. The three horizontal dampers 6 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the central axes of the three horizontal dampers 6 intersect at the center of the circle. The horizontal damper 6 is composed of a damper sleeve 7, a groove rod 8, a permanent magnet 9 and a closed conductor 10. The permanent magnet 9 is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the damper sleeve 7. The groove rod 8 with the closed conductor 10 is in sliding cooperation with the ball 11 at the opening at one end of the damper sleeve 7, so that the groove rod 8 slides in the damper sleeve 7. A rubber gasket 12 is arranged on the inner side of the other end of the damper sleeve 7. One end of the three horizontal dampers 6 extends into the upper chamber, and the groove rod 8 at this end is connected to the upper support plate 1 through a matching fixing screw 15 and a bolt rod 13 with a gasket; the other end of the three horizontal dampers 6 extends to the outside of the upper chamber, and the universal hinge 16 at this end is connected to the anti-detachment baffle 28 of the lower support plate 2 through a matching fixing screw 17 and a vertical connecting bolt rod 14. The annular anti-detachment baffle 28 is arranged on the top edge of the lower support plate 2, and the anti-detachment baffle 28 and the lower support plate 2 are an integral structure.

[0041] In the present invention, the variable frequency concave surface means that the variable frequency surface function is transformed from the elliptic function, and the function formula is: Among them, the constant b is the length of the minor axis of the ellipse (mm), and d is a constant related to the major axis of the ellipse and the displacement of the support. See the literature: Pranesh Murnal and Ravi Sinha. Behavior of Torsionally Coupled Structures with Variable Frequency Pendulum Isolator [J]. JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING, 2004, 130: 1041-1054.

[0042] The results show that the horizontal damping rod of the present invention is located above the upper bearing plate. Since the damping force generated by the damper is related to the speed, it can not only improve the energy dissipation capacity of the bearing, but also does not affect the self-reset of the bearing. The vertical seismic isolator is located below the variable frequency concave surface of the lower bearing plate, which solves the problem that the traditional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing cannot isolate the vertical seismic force. In addition, the bearing plate is overturned when a metal anti-slip baffle is set.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that: include: The upper support plate, metal rolling ball, lower support plate, horizontal damper, vertical isolator, and metal plate of trough-shaped support isolator have the following specific structures: The upper support plate and the lower support plate are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the corresponding surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave curved surfaces, wherein: three upper support plate frequency conversion concave curved surfaces are provided at the bottom of the upper support plate, and three lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave curved surfaces are installed on the upper part of the lower support plate. The upper support plate frequency conversion concave curved surfaces and the lower support plate assembled frequency conversion concave curved surfaces correspond to each other in the vertical direction as a group, and metal rolling balls are arranged between each group of frequency conversion concave curved surfaces; The lower support plate is a cylindrical structure, and three lower chambers evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are provided in the middle of the lower support plate, and the assembled variable frequency concave curved surfaces of the lower support plate are respectively installed in the three lower chambers through vertical seismic isolators; The top of the upper support plate is buckled with a groove-shaped metal plate for supporting the seismic isolation object, and an upper chamber is formed between the groove-shaped part of the metal plate for supporting the seismic isolation object and the upper support plate; three horizontal dampers are installed on the top of the upper support plate, and the three horizontal dampers are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the central axes of the three horizontal dampers intersect at the center of the circumference; A vertical seismic isolator is placed under each assembled frequency conversion concave surface. The vertical seismic isolator consists of an upper connecting plate of a vertical seismic isolation device, a lower connecting plate of a vertical seismic isolation device, and a circular column of a vertical seismic isolation device connected therebetween. The lower connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device is connected to the lower support plate through matching fixing screws and bolt rods. There are four evenly distributed circular columns of the vertical seismic isolation device. A permanent magnet bearing plate with a ball bearing and an anti-collision spring are installed on each circular column of the vertical seismic isolation device. The ball bearings are installed in the through holes at the four corners of the permanent magnet bearing plate. The permanent magnet bearing plate cooperates with the circular column of the vertical seismic isolation device through the ball bearings. The anti-collision spring is located between the upper connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device and the permanent magnet bearing plate. The second permanent magnet is installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet bearing plate, and the third permanent magnet is installed at the top of the lower connecting plate of the vertical seismic isolation device. The second permanent magnet is arranged opposite to the third permanent magnet. The horizontal damper includes a damper sleeve, a groove rod, a permanent magnet and a closed conductor. The permanent magnet is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the damper sleeve. The groove rod with the closed conductor cooperates with the ball at the opening at one end of the damper sleeve to make the groove rod slide in the damper sleeve. A rubber gasket is arranged on the inner side of the other end of the damper sleeve.

2. The three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the three horizontal dampers extends into the upper chamber, and the groove rod at this end is connected to the upper support plate through a matching fixing screw 1 and a bolt rod with a gasket; the other end of the three horizontal dampers extends to the outside of the upper chamber, and the universal hinge at this end is connected to the anti-slip baffle of the lower support plate through a matching fixing screw 2 and a vertical connecting bolt rod.

3. The three-dimensional rolling ball seismic isolation bearing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The annular anti-slip baffle is arranged on the top edge of the lower support plate, and the anti-slip baffle and the lower support plate are an integrated structure.

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