Display device

Abstract

The application discloses a display device. The display device comprises a display layer, a light splitting element, and a substrate. The display layer comprises a substrate and a plurality of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels arranged in an array on the substrate. The display layer has an out-light side. The light splitting element is arranged on the out-light side of the display layer. The light splitting element comprises a first unit corresponding to the first sub-pixels and a second unit corresponding to the second sub-pixels. The first unit comprises a first protrusion and a first reflection layer. The first protrusion has a first reflection surface and a first exit surface. The first reflection layer is arranged on the first reflection surface. The second unit comprises a second protrusion and a second reflection layer. The second protrusion has a second reflection surface and a second exit surface. The second reflection layer is arranged on the second reflection surface. The orthographic projection of the second reflection surface and the second exit surface on the substrate overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate. The inclination direction of the first reflection surface is opposite to that of the second reflection surface. The display device disclosed by the application can improve the dual-view display effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of display technology, and particularly relates to a display device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, dual-viewing-angle display devices mostly use planar lenticular lenses to achieve dual-viewing-angle display. While lenticular lenses create different viewing areas, there is significant crosstalk between adjacent viewing areas, affecting the display quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a display device designed to improve the dual-view display effect.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a display layer comprising: a substrate and a plurality of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels arranged in an array on the substrate, the display layer having a light-emitting side; and a beam-splitting element disposed on the light-emitting side of the display layer, the beam-splitting element comprising a first unit corresponding to the first sub-pixels and a second unit corresponding to the second sub-pixels, the first unit comprising a first protrusion and a first reflective layer, the second unit comprising a second protrusion and a second reflective layer, both the first and second protrusions protruding from a plane parallel to the substrate towards a side away from the substrate, the first protrusion having a first reflective surface and a first emission surface, the first reflective layer disposed on the first reflective surface, the first emission surface having a first light-transmitting medium on the side away from the substrate, the plane containing the first emission surface being set at a first angle θ1 with the substrate, the plane containing the first reflective surface being set at an angle α with both the substrate and the plane containing the first emission surface, and the refractive index n1 of the first protrusion. The refractive index n2 of the first light-transmitting medium and the first angle θ1 satisfy: θ1≥arcsin(n2 / n1). The orthographic projections of the first reflective surface and the first emitting surface on the substrate overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding first sub-pixel on the substrate. The second protrusion has a second reflective surface and a second emitting surface. The second reflective layer is disposed on the second reflective surface. The second emitting surface has a second light-transmitting medium on the side away from the substrate. The plane where the second emitting surface is located is set at a second angle θ2 with the substrate. The plane where the second reflective surface is located is set at an angle β with both the substrate and the plane where the second emitting surface is located. The refractive index n3 of the second protrusion, the refractive index n4 of the second light-transmitting medium and the second angle θ2 satisfy: θ2≥arcsin(n4 / n3). The orthographic projections of the second reflective surface and the second emitting surface on the substrate overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate. The tilt directions of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are opposite.

[0005] In this embodiment of the invention, a beam splitting element is provided on the light-emitting side of the display layer. The first unit and the second unit of the beam splitting element are respectively provided for the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel of the display layer. The light emitted by the first sub-pixel can be partially reflected by the first reflective surface of the first unit and then emitted vertically from the first emitting surface. Another part of the light is totally internally reflected by the first emitting surface of the first unit and then reflected by other interfaces before being emitted vertically from the first emitting surface. The light emitted by the second sub-pixel can be partially reflected by the second reflective surface of the second unit and then emitted vertically from the second emitting surface. Another part of the light is totally internally reflected by the second emitting surface of the second unit and then reflected by other interfaces before being emitted vertically from the second emitting surface. By setting a first reflective layer and a second reflective layer on the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface respectively, the refraction of light on the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface can be avoided, which would affect the light emission efficiency of the display device. Moreover, the light incident from the display layer to the first exit surface and the second exit surface can undergo total internal reflection, and then be reflected again before exiting from the first exit surface and the second exit surface. This prevents the light from being refracted and reflected simultaneously when it is incident on the first exit surface and the second exit surface, which would cause the loss of light energy and affect the light emission efficiency. It can also prevent the light refracted on the first exit surface and the second exit surface from entering adjacent units and affecting the display effect, thereby improving the display effect of dual viewing angles. Attached Figure Description

[0006] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0007] Figure 1 This is a top view of a display device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0008] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0009] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the beam-splitting element shown;

[0011] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-view display device in related technologies;

[0012] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 7 This is a top view of the color resist layer provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 8 This is a top view of the color resist layer provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 10 yes Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of another beam-splitting element is shown;

[0017] Figure 11 yes Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of the beam-splitting element shown;

[0018] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A partial schematic diagram of the beam-splitting element shown;

[0020] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A partial schematic diagram of the spectral dispersive structure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only configured to explain the present invention and are not configured to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the invention.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0024] It should be understood that when describing the structure of a component, when referring to a layer or region as being "above" or "on top of" another layer or region, it can mean that it is directly above the other layer or region, or that it contains other layers or regions between it and the other layer or region. Furthermore, if the component is flipped over, that layer or region will be located "below" or "under" the other layer or region.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1 to 15 The display device 1000 of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a top view of a display device provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The BB cross-sectional view shows the display device 1000, which has a display area AA and a non-display area NA surrounding the display area AA. The display device 1000 includes a display layer 100, which includes a substrate 101 and a plurality of sub-pixels 120 located on the substrate 101. Each sub-pixel 102 includes at least red, green, and blue sub-pixels to achieve color display of the display device 1000. The sub-pixels 120 of the display layer 100 are spaced apart.

[0028] The display device 1000 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), or other types of display devices such as organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or micro-LED.

[0029] For example, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, if the display device is an LCD, then the display layer 100 can be a liquid crystal display panel, including an array substrate 110 and a color filter substrate 130 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 140 located between the array substrate 110 and the color filter substrate 130. It also includes a backlight source (not shown) located on the side of the array substrate 110 facing away from the color filter substrate 130. The color filter substrate 130 may include a color resist layer 131, which includes color resist units 1311 corresponding to each sub-pixel 120 and black matrices 1312 located between adjacent color resist units 1311. The orthographic projection of the color resist unit 1311 onto the array substrate 110 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 120 onto the array substrate 110. Furthermore, a first polarizer 102 and a second polarizer 103 are respectively disposed on both sides of the display layer 100 to generate linearly polarized light.

[0030] For example, if the display device is an OLED display device, then the display layer 100 can be an OLED display panel. The OLED display panel may include an array substrate, which includes a pixel driving circuit and an anode. The OLED display panel also includes a cathode disposed opposite to the anode, and an organic light-emitting unit disposed between the anode and the cathode. Under the driving of the anode and the cathode, the organic light-emitting unit realizes light emission and display. In some embodiments, a circular polarizer may be disposed on the light-emitting side of the display layer 100 to reduce the reflection of external light and improve the display effect.

[0031] For a display device 1000 used to achieve a dual-viewpoint, light rays from a portion of the sub-pixels 120 of the display layer 100 are emitted in a first direction to form a first image, while light rays from another portion of the sub-pixels 120 are emitted in a second direction to form a second image. The sub-pixels 120 of the display layer 100 used to form the first image can be defined as first sub-pixels 121, and the sub-pixels 120 used to form the second image can be defined as second sub-pixels 122. First sub-pixels 121 include a first red sub-pixel, a first green sub-pixel, and a first blue sub-pixel, while second sub-pixels 122 include a second red sub-pixel, a second green sub-pixel, and a second blue sub-pixel. For an LCD, each sub-pixel 120 achieves color display through the color resist unit 1311 of the color filter substrate 130. The color resist unit 1311 may include a first red color resist unit R1, a first green color resist unit G1, and a first blue color resist unit B1 respectively for the first red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, and the first blue sub-pixel, and a second red color resist unit R2, a second green color resist unit G2, and a second blue color resist unit B2 respectively for the second red sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel, and the second blue sub-pixel. For an OLED display device, a color resist unit is not required; the organic light-emitting unit can directly emit light of different colors.

[0032] Taking an LCD as an example, the display device 1000 also includes a beam splitter 200. (See also: [link to documentation]) Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the beam splitter element is shown. The beam splitter element 200 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display layer 100. The beam splitter element 200 includes a first unit 210 disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel 121 and a second unit 220 disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel 122.

[0033] The first unit 210 includes a first protrusion 211 and a first reflective layer 212, combined with Figure 2 The first protrusion 211 extends from a plane parallel to the substrate 101 toward a side away from the substrate 101. Specifically, the first protrusion 211 extends toward a side away from the color filter substrate 130. The first protrusion 211 has a first reflective surface 2111 and a first emitting surface 2112, and a first reflective layer 212 is disposed on the first reflective surface 2111. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first reflective layer 212 may be disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the first reflective surface 2111. The first emitting surface 2112 has a first light-transmitting medium on the side away from the substrate, and the plane containing the first emitting surface 2112 is set at a first angle θ1 with the substrate 101, that is, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the plane containing the first emission surface 2112 and the second polarizer 103 is also the plane containing the substrate 101 (i.e., Figure 3 The horizontal plane of the first protrusion 2111 is set at a first angle θ1. The plane containing the first reflective surface 2111 is set at an angle α with the plane containing the substrate 101 and the first emitting surface 2112. That is, the cross-section of the plane containing the first reflective surface 2111, the plane containing the first emitting surface 2112, and the plane containing the substrate 101 can form an isosceles triangle with a vertex angle of θ1 and a base angle of α. The refractive index n1 of the first protrusion 211, the refractive index n2 of the first light-transmitting medium, and the first angle θ1 satisfy: θ1≥arcsin(n2 / n1), and the orthographic projection of the first reflective surface 2111 and the first emitting surface 2112 on the substrate 101 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first sub-pixel 121 on the substrate 101. Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4The path of light emission is shown. Part of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 can be reflected by the first reflecting surface 2111 and then emitted from the first emitting surface 2112. Another part of the light can be incident on the first emitting surface 2112. Since the angle between this part of the light and the normal of the first emitting surface 2112 is θ1 and satisfies θ1≥arcsin(n2 / n1), θ1 is greater than the critical angle of the first emitting surface 2112. Total internal reflection will occur at the first emitting surface 2112 to avoid the loss of light energy. After total internal reflection at the first emitting surface 2112, this part of the light is reflected by the first reflecting surface 2111 and the first protrusion 211 near the bottom surface of the substrate 101 and then emitted from the first emitting surface 2112.

[0034] The second unit 220 includes a second protrusion 221 and a second reflective layer 222, combined with Figure 2 The second protrusion 221 extends from a plane parallel to the substrate 101 toward a side away from the substrate 101. Specifically, the second protrusion 221 extends toward a side away from the color filter substrate 130. The second protrusion 221 has a second reflective surface 2211 and a second emitting surface 2212, and a second reflective layer 222 is disposed on the second reflective surface 2211. Specifically, in some embodiments, the second reflective layer 222 may be disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the second reflective surface 2211. The second emitting surface 2212 has a second light-transmitting medium on the side away from the substrate, and the plane containing the second emitting surface 2212 is set at a second angle θ2 with the substrate 101, that is, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the plane containing the second emission surface 2212 and the second polarizer 103 is also the plane containing the substrate 101 (i.e., Figure 3 The horizontal plane of the second protrusion 221 is set at a second angle θ2. The plane containing the second reflective surface 2211 is set at an angle β with the plane containing the substrate 101 and the plane containing the second emitting surface 2212. That is, the cross-section of the plane containing the second reflective surface 2211, the plane containing the second emitting surface 2212, and the plane containing the substrate 101 can form an isosceles triangle with a vertex angle of θ2 and a base angle of β. The refractive index n3 of the second protrusion 221, the refractive index n4 of the second light-transmitting medium, and the second angle θ2 satisfy: θ2≥arcsin(n4 / n3), and the orthographic projections of the second reflective surface 2211 and the second emitting surface 2212 on the substrate 101 overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding second sub-pixel 122 on the substrate 101. Please refer to Figure 4In the path of light emission, part of the light emitted by the second sub-pixel 122 can be reflected by the second reflecting surface 2211 and then emitted from the second emitting surface 2212. Another part of the light can be incident on the second emitting surface 2212. Since the angle between this part of the light and the normal of the second emitting surface 2212 is θ2, and θ2≥arcsin(n4 / n3) is satisfied, θ2 is greater than the critical angle of the second emitting surface 2212. Total internal reflection will occur at the second emitting surface 2212 to avoid the loss of light energy. After total internal reflection at the second emitting surface 2212, this part of the light is reflected by the second reflecting surface 2211 and the second protrusion 221 near the bottom surface of the substrate 101 and then emitted from the second emitting surface 2212.

[0035] The first reflective surface 2111 of the first unit 210 and the second reflective surface 2211 of the second unit 220 are tilted in opposite directions to ensure that the light reflected by the first sub-pixel 121 through the first reflective surface 2111 and the light reflected by the second sub-pixel 122 through the second reflective surface 2211 are emitted in different directions. The light emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 after total internal reflection on the first emission surface 2112 and then after reflection by other interfaces, and the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 122 after total internal reflection on the second emission surface 2212 and then after reflection by other interfaces, are emitted in different directions, thus achieving dual-view display.

[0036] In this embodiment, a beam splitter 200 is provided on the light-emitting side of the display layer 100. The first unit 210 and the second unit 220 of the beam splitter 200 are respectively provided for the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 of the display layer 100. The light emitted by the first sub-pixel 121 can be partially reflected by the first reflective surface 2111 of the first unit 210 and then emitted vertically from the first emitting surface 2112. Another part of the light is totally reflected by the first emitting surface 2112 of the first unit 210 and then reflected by other interfaces before being emitted vertically from the first emitting surface 2112. The light emitted by the second sub-pixel 122 can be partially reflected by the second reflective surface 2211 of the second unit 220 and then emitted vertically from the second emitting surface 2212. Another part of the light is totally reflected by the second emitting surface 2212 of the second unit 220 and then reflected by other interfaces before being emitted vertically from the second emitting surface 2212. By providing a first reflective layer 212 and a second reflective layer 222 on the first reflective surface 2111 and the second reflective surface 2211 respectively, the light can be prevented from being refracted on the first reflective surface 2111 and the second reflective surface 2211, thus avoiding affecting the light emission efficiency of the display device 1000. Furthermore, the light incident from the display layer 100 onto the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212 can undergo total internal reflection, and then be reflected again before exiting from the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212. This prevents the light from being refracted and reflected simultaneously when incident onto the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212, thus avoiding the loss of light energy and affecting the light emission efficiency. It can also prevent the light refracted on the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212 from entering adjacent units and affecting the display effect, thereby improving the display effect of dual viewing angles.

[0037] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the beam splitter 200 has a third light-transmitting medium on the side near the substrate 101. The third light-transmitting medium can be a light-transmitting layer structure directly bonded to the beam splitter 200. For example, in some embodiments, the beam splitter 200 can be disposed on the second polarizer 103. In this embodiment, the third light-transmitting medium can be the second polarizer 103. The first protrusion 211 has a first incident surface 2113 parallel to the substrate 101 on the side near the substrate 101. The refractive index n5 of the third light-transmitting medium, the refractive index n1 of the first protrusion, and the first angle θ1 satisfy: θ1≥arcsin(n5 / n1). Then, the light emitted from the first sub-image 121 can be incident perpendicularly to the first protrusion 211 on the first incident surface 2113. Part of the light undergoes total internal reflection at the first exit surface 2112 and is then reflected back to the first incident surface 2113 at the first reflecting surface 2111. According to Figure 4Based on the geometric relationship, the angle between the ray reflected to the first incident surface 2113 and the normal to the first incident surface 2113 is θ1. Since θ1 ≥ arcsin(n5 / n1), the ray undergoes total internal reflection at the first incident surface 2113 and then exits perpendicularly from the first exit surface 2112. Therefore, the ray from the first sub-pixel 121 undergoes total internal reflection at both the first exit surface 2112 and the first incident surface 2113, avoiding energy loss, improving light extraction efficiency, and thus enhancing the display effect from both viewing angles.

[0038] The second protrusion 221 has a second incident surface 2213 parallel to the substrate 101 on the side near the substrate 101. The refractive index n5 of the third light-transmitting medium, the refractive index n3 of the second protrusion, and the second angle θ2 satisfy: θ2≥arcsin(n5 / n3). Therefore, light rays emitted from the second sub-image 122 can be incident perpendicularly to the second protrusion 221 through the second incident surface 2213. Part of the light undergoes total internal reflection at the second exit surface 2212 and is then reflected back to the second incident surface 2213 at the second reflecting surface 2211. According to... Figure 4 Based on the geometric relationship, the angle between the ray reflected to the second incident surface 2213 and the normal to the second incident surface 2213 is θ2. Since θ2 ≥ arcsin(n5 / n3), the ray undergoes total internal reflection at the second incident surface 2213 and then exits perpendicularly from the second exit surface 2212. Therefore, the ray from the second sub-pixel 122 undergoes total internal reflection at both the second exit surface 2212 and the first incident surface 2213, avoiding energy loss, improving light extraction efficiency, and thus enhancing the display effect from both viewing angles.

[0039] Please see Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-view display device in related technologies. Figure 5 In the dual-view display device, light from different sub-pixels of the display layer 100 is diffracted through the grating layer 400 to deflect the light in different directions. Figure 5In a dual-view display device, different images can be seen in the visible area on the light-emitting side. However, due to the strong light emitted in the crosstalk region in the middle of the image caused by grating diffraction, the intensity of the diffracted light in this part cannot be ignored, resulting in a large crosstalk region in the middle. If the user views in this part, two overlapping images can be seen. In contrast, the display device 1000 of this embodiment reflects light through the first reflective surface 2111 and the second reflective surface 2211, so that the light is emitted in two different directions after passing through the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212. Furthermore, the light is blocked by the light-blocking layer 300, which prevents the light from escaping towards the middle area of ​​the display device 1000. The display image is basically not visible in the middle area on the light-emitting side of the display device 1000. Therefore, compared with the related technology that uses grating diffraction to achieve dual-view, the display device 1000 of this embodiment can effectively reduce the crosstalk region.

[0040] In some embodiments, the light reflected by the first reflective surface 2111 of the first sub-pixel 121 is emitted perpendicularly to the first emission surface 2112, and the light reflected by the second reflective surface 2211 of the second sub-pixel 122 is emitted perpendicularly to the second emission surface 2212. This ensures that the light is emitted directly from the first reflective surface 2111 and the second reflective surface 2212 without reflection, thereby improving the light emission efficiency.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 may have the same refractive index. To simplify the manufacturing process, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 may be made of the same material. The first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium may also have the same refractive index. Further, the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium may be the same. In some embodiments, the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium may both be air, that is, the light emitted from the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 can be directly emitted into the air.

[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 are arranged alternately, and correspondingly, the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 are also arranged alternately. The light emitted from the adjacent first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 is emitted in two directions through the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 respectively, so that the amount of light in the two directions is balanced, so as to ensure the consistency of the display effect of the two images.

[0043] Furthermore, the number of first red, first green, and first blue sub-pixels included in the first sub-pixel 121 is the same as the number of sub-pixels of the same color included in the second red, second green, and second blue sub-pixels of the second sub-pixel 122, to ensure consistent display effects from both viewing angles. Moreover, the light rays from each of the first red, first green, and first blue sub-pixels, after exiting through the corresponding first unit 210, have the same direction; similarly, the light rays from each of the second red, second green, and second blue sub-pixels, after exiting through the corresponding second unit 220, have the same direction, to prevent color shift.

[0044] In some embodiments, the display device is an LCD, and the orthographic projection of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 onto the color resist layer 131 can cover each color resist unit 1311. This ensures that light emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 can enter the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 respectively for reflection.

[0045] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the beam splitter provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. The orthographic projections of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 on the color resist layer 131 coincide with the positions of each color resist unit 3111. As long as the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 are provided at the positions directly opposite each color resist unit 1311, the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 can be emitted from the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212 in different directions, respectively, to achieve dual-view display. That is, in this embodiment, the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 can be omitted at the positions corresponding to the black matrix 1312, which can save materials.

[0046] In another specific embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 3 As shown, the edges of the orthographic projections of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 onto the color resist layer 131 are located between two adjacent color resist units 1311. In this embodiment, the first units 210 and the second units 220 of the beam splitter 200 can be arranged continuously, that is, the edges of the first units 210 and the second units 220 are located directly opposite the center line of the black matrix 1312 between adjacent color resist units 1311, which simplifies the fabrication process of the first units 210 and the second units 220.

[0047] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 7 This is a top view of the color resist layer provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8This is a top view schematic diagram of the color resist layer provided in another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the color resist layer 131 adopts a conventional structure, and the width of the black matrix 1312 between adjacent color resist units 1311 is basically the same. The structure of the color resist layer 131 in this embodiment can be used for... Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the display device of the corresponding embodiment.

[0048] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the display device is an LCD, including a first polarizer 102 and a second polarizer 103 located on both sides of the display layer 100, wherein the second polarizer 103 is located on the side of the display layer 100 facing away from the substrate 101. A beam splitter 200 is located on the side of the second polarizer 103 facing away from the display layer 100. In this embodiment, light emitted from the backlight passes through the first polarizer 102, the liquid crystal layer 140, and the second polarizer 103 to generate polarized light, and then passes through the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 of the beam splitter 200 for emission, without affecting the polarization effect of the light.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the beam splitter element provided in the third embodiment of the present invention. The first protrusion 211 may include a first connecting surface 2114, which connects the first reflecting surface 2111 and the first emitting surface 2112. The area ratio of the orthographic projection of the first connecting surface 2114 on the substrate 101 to the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 211 on the substrate 101 is less than 5%. This is to prevent the area of ​​the first connecting surface 2114 from being too large, which would cause excessive light crosstalk after some of the light emitted by the first sub-pixel 121 exits through the first connecting surface 2114, affecting the display effect. The arrangement of the first connecting surface 2114 makes the connection between the first reflecting surface 2111 and the first emitting surface 2112 a transitional connection, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the beam splitter element 200.

[0050] In some embodiments, the second protrusion 221 may include a second connecting surface 2214, which connects the second reflective surface 2211 and the second emitting surface 2212. The area ratio of the orthographic projection of the second connecting surface 2214 on the substrate 101 to the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 221 on the substrate 101 is less than 5%. This is to prevent the area of ​​the second connecting surface 2214 from being too large, which would cause excessive light crosstalk after some of the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 122 exits through the second connecting surface 2214, affecting the display effect. The arrangement of the second connecting surface 2214 makes the connection between the second reflective surface 2211 and the second emitting surface 2212 a transition connection, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the beam splitter 200.

[0051] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the shape of the first connecting surface 2114 and the second connecting surface 2214. Figure 9 The example shown only uses the first connecting surface 2114 and the second connecting surface 2214 as planes. In other embodiments, the first connecting surface 2114 and the second connecting surface 2214 can also be curved surfaces.

[0052] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 3 As shown, the first protrusion 211 can be a first prism, and the second protrusion 221 can be a second prism. This is equivalent to the first reflecting surface 2111 being directly connected to the first emitting surface 2112, and the second reflecting surface 2211 being directly connected to the second emitting surface 2212. The cross-section of the first prism is a first isosceles triangle, and the cross-section of the second prism is a second isosceles triangle. The first reflecting layer 212 is disposed on the side where the base of the first isosceles triangle of the first prism is located, and the second reflecting layer 222 is disposed on the side where the base of the second isosceles triangle of the second prism is located. This configuration allows the light reflected from the first reflective surface 2111 of the first sub-pixel 121 to be incident perpendicularly onto the first exit surface 2112 and exit perpendicularly onto the first protrusion 211. The light incident from the first sub-pixel 121 onto the first exit surface 2112 undergoes total internal reflection, then is reflected again from the first reflective surface 2111 to the first incident surface 2113 for total internal reflection, and finally exits from the first exit surface 2112 onto the first protrusion 211. Similarly, the light reflected from the second reflective surface 2211 of the second sub-pixel 122 is incident perpendicularly onto the second exit surface 2212 and exits perpendicularly onto the second protrusion 221. The light incident from the second sub-pixel 122 onto the second exit surface 2212 undergoes total internal reflection, then is reflected again from the second reflective surface 2211 to the second incident surface 2213 for total internal reflection, and finally exits from the second exit surface 2212 onto the second protrusion 221. In this embodiment, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 are set as isosceles triangles, which can simplify the manufacturing process and relatively increase the area of ​​the first reflective surface 2111, the second reflective surface 2211, the first emission surface 2112, and the second emission surface 2212, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 can be prepared using an imprinting process. The imprinting process can achieve nanometer-level precision, meeting the alignment requirements of the first protrusion 211, the second protrusion 221 with the first sub-image 121 and the second sub-pixel 122. Specifically, a transparent substrate can be selected, and a mold can be used to imprint the transparent substrate, followed by curing to form the shape of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221. Of course, other processes can also be used, such as etching, to form the structure of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221; this invention does not limit the application of these methods.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the plane containing the first emitting surface 2112 forms a first angle θ1 with the substrate 101 satisfying: 0° < θ1 ≤ 45°, that is, the vertex angle θ1 of the first isosceles triangle satisfies: 0° < θ1 ≤ 45°, and the plane containing the second emitting surface 2212 forms a second angle θ2 with the substrate 101 satisfying: 0° < θ2 ≤ 45°, that is, the vertex angle θ2 of the second isosceles triangle satisfies: 0° < θ2 ≤ 45°, to prevent crosstalk between adjacent first and second prisms and to prevent light emitted from the first prism from entering the second prism or light emitted from the second prism from entering the first prism. In some embodiments, the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 of the display layer 100 have the same shape and size. Therefore, the first prism and the second prism can also have the same size, that is, the first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle can be the same, and the vertex angle θ1 of the first isosceles triangle and the vertex angle θ2 of the second isosceles triangle are both equal to θ. Please refer to [further details omitted]. Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 yes Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of another beam-splitting element. Taking the first and second prisms as identical, and the first and second light-transmitting media as examples, to ensure that the light rays emitted from the first prism do not enter the adjacent second prism, the light rays incident on the first exit surface 2112 of the first prism, near the vertex on the side away from the substrate 101, undergo total internal reflection at the first exit surface 2112, and are then reflected back to the first exit surface 2112 from the first reflection surface 2111. This emitted light ray is parallel to the second exit surface 2212 of the second prism, thus ensuring that the light rays emitted from the first prism do not enter the adjacent second prism. Therefore, from the geometric relationship shown in the figure, it is sufficient that 4θ≤180° is satisfied, that is, 0°<θ≤45°. Therefore, as long as the vertex angle θ of the first and second isosceles triangles satisfies: 0°<θ≤45°, it can be ensured that the light rays emitted from the adjacent first and second prisms do not crosstalk.

[0055] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 yes Figure 6The diagram shows a partial schematic of the beam splitter. In this embodiment, the first prism and the second prism are identical, both having a vertex angle of θ. To ensure that the light rays emitted from the first prism do not enter the adjacent second prism, the light rays incident on the vertex of the first exit surface 2112 of the first prism, near the vertex on the side away from the substrate 101, undergo total internal reflection at the first exit surface 2112 and are then reflected back to the first exit surface 2112 by the first reflecting surface 2111. This emitted light ray passes through the vertex on the side of the adjacent second prism away from the substrate 101, thus ensuring that the light rays emitted from the first prism do not enter the adjacent second prism. Assuming the length of the orthographic projection of the first and second prisms towards the substrate 101 is L, and the distance between adjacent first and second prisms is d, which is also the width of the black matrix 1312 between adjacent color resist units 1311 is d, from the geometric relationship in the figure, the angle γ between the emitted light and the substrate 101 (i.e., the horizontal direction in the figure) is γ = arc((Lsinθ) / (d+Lcosθ)). Therefore, the apex angles of the first and second prisms should satisfy: 3θ+arc((Lsinθ) / (d+Lcosθ))≤180°, thus ensuring that the light emitted from adjacent first and second prisms does not crosstalk. In this embodiment, adjacent first and second prisms are spaced apart, and the relationship satisfied by the apex angles of the first and second prisms can be further precisely determined based on the width of the black matrix 1312 between adjacent color resist units 1311.

[0056] In some embodiments, the beam splitter 200 further includes a transparent protective layer 230. The transparent protective layer 230 is disposed on the side of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 facing away from the substrate 101. Light emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 passes through the transparent protective layer 230 and exits into a fourth light-transmitting medium with a refractive index of n0. The fourth light-transmitting medium can be, for example, air. The light emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 then passes through the transparent protective layer 230 and exits into the air. In this embodiment, the transparent protective layer 230 can protect the first unit 210 and the second unit 220, preventing damage to the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 from affecting the dual-view imaging effect. Furthermore, the transparent protective layer 230 also serves to flatten the surface of the beam splitter 200 facing away from the substrate 101, facilitating the placement of other devices.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. A transparent protective layer 230 fills the regions of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 that are away from the substrate 101 to form a first light-transmitting medium and a second light-transmitting medium. In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting media are different, thus the refractive indices of different positions of the transparent protective layer 230 are different; in other embodiments, the refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting media are the same, thus the refractive index of the transparent protective layer 230 is consistent throughout. In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 are the same, both n1, and the refractive index of the transparent protective layer 230 is n2. Therefore, the refractive index n2 of the transparent protective layer 230 and the refractive index n0 of the first light-transmitting medium satisfy: n0 ≤ n2. When n0 = n2, the light rays exit from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220, reach the transparent protective layer 230, and then exit from the transparent protective layer to the first light-transmitting medium. The direction of light emission remains unchanged, and the two viewing angles at which the light rays exit the first light-transmitting medium coincide with the angles between the plane containing the first emission surface 2112 and the substrate 101, and the angle between the plane containing the second emission surface 2212 and the substrate 101, respectively. When n0 < n2, please refer to [further details needed]. Figure 12 As shown, light rays emerge from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 and are emitted into the transparent protective layer 230. They are then refracted at the interface between the transparent protective layer 230 and the first light-transmitting medium. Since the refractive index of the first light-transmitting medium is less than that of the transparent protective layer 230, the light rays are further refracted towards the side closer to the substrate 101 within the first light-transmitting medium. Therefore, the angle of the light rays emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 into the first light-transmitting medium can be further increased, facilitating the adjustment of the emission angle for dual-view displays. Specifically, a suitable material for the transparent protective layer 230 can be selected according to the actual dual-view requirements to achieve adjustment of the dual-view display.

[0058] Furthermore, both the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 are prism structures with an isosceles triangular cross-section. The vertex angle θ of the isosceles triangle is the same, and the refractive index is the same throughout the transparent protective layer, which is n2. Please refer to further details. Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 yes Figure 12The diagram shows a partial schematic of the beam splitter. Light rays emitted from the first unit 211 and the second unit 221 are refracted and reflected at the interface between the transparent protective layer 230 and the first light-transmitting medium. To avoid total internal reflection at this interface, the refractive index n2 of the transparent protective layer 230 satisfies: n2 < n0 / sinθ. In this embodiment, if the first light-transmitting medium is air, the light rays from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122, after passing through the beam splitter 200, exit into the air at an angle θ3 = arcsin(n2sinθ / n0). In actual production, the apex angles θ of the first and second prisms, as well as the materials of the first prism, the second prism, and the transparent protective layer 230, can be adjusted according to the actual angle requirements to meet the refractive index requirements.

[0059] In another specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam-splitting element provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. First and second prisms are arranged alternately. The regions of adjacent first and second reflective surfaces 2111 and 2211 facing away from the substrate 101 are filled with reflective material 240. A transparent protective layer 230 is bonded to the sides of the first and second prisms facing away from the substrate 101 via the reflective material 240. The reflective material 240 can be, for example, a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), reflective filler, peroxide crosslinking agent, and anti-aging agent. In this embodiment, filling the region between the first and second reflective surfaces 2111 and 2211 with reflective material 240 can directly form the first reflective layer 212 and the second reflective layer 222, and can also be used to bond the transparent protective layer 230, simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0060] Furthermore, the refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting media in the region between adjacent first exiting surface 2112 and second exiting surface 2212 are the same, both n2. The refractive index of the transparent protective layer 230 is n6. Therefore, the refractive indices n2 of the first and second light-transmitting media, the refractive index n6 of the transparent protective layer, and the refractive index n0 of the fourth light-transmitting media satisfy: n0 ≤ n2 ≤ n6. Further, optionally, the refractive index of the fourth light-transmitting medium satisfies the same condition as the refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting media: n0 = n2. That is, the first and second light-transmitting media can be the same as the fourth light-transmitting medium, which is air. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 yes Figure 14The diagram shows a partial schematic of the beam-splitting structure. The first, second, and fourth light-transmitting media are all made of air. This requires a relatively low refractive index for the transparent protective layer 230 material, and allows the light rays emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 to be further deflected towards their own emission side, avoiding crosstalk between the light rays emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122. Optionally, the first protrusion 211, the second protrusion 221, and the transparent protective layer 230 can have the same refractive index; that is, the first protrusion 211, the second protrusion 221, and the transparent protective layer 230 can be made of the same material, which can improve material utilization.

[0061] In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first and second prisms are both isosceles triangles with a vertex angle of θ. To avoid total internal reflection at the interface between the transparent protective layer 230 and the fourth light-transmitting medium, the refractive index n2 of the transparent protective layer 230 must satisfy: n2 < n0 / sinθ. In this embodiment, if the fourth light-transmitting medium is air, the light rays from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122, after passing through the beam splitter 100, exit into the air at an angle θ3 = θ.

[0062] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the display layer 100 is a liquid crystal display panel as an example for explanation. The same applies if the display layer 100 is an OLED display panel. It is only necessary to set the light-splitting element 200 of the above embodiments on the light-emitting side of the OLED display panel, and set the first unit 210 and the first sub-pixel 121 in correspondence, and set the second unit 220 and the second sub-pixel 122 in correspondence. This will not be described in detail here.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention described above are not exhaustive, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the above description. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other, and the combined embodiments and features still fall within the scope of protection of this application. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to make good use of the present invention and modifications based on it. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized by comprising: include: The display layer includes a substrate and a plurality of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels arranged in an array on the substrate, and the display layer has a light-emitting side; A beam-splitting element is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display layer. The beam-splitting element includes a first unit corresponding to the first sub-pixel and a second unit corresponding to the second sub-pixel. The first unit includes a first protrusion and a first reflective layer, and the second unit includes a second protrusion and a second reflective layer. Both the first protrusion and the second protrusion protrude from a plane parallel to the substrate towards a side away from the substrate. The first protrusion has a first reflective surface and a first emission surface. The first reflective layer is disposed on the first reflective surface. The side of the first emission surface away from the substrate has a first light-transmitting medium. The plane containing the first reflective surface is set at a first angle θ1 with the substrate. The plane containing the first reflective surface is set at an angle α with both the substrate and the plane containing the first emitting surface. The refractive index n1 of the first protrusion, the refractive index n2 of the first light-transmitting medium, and the first angle θ1 satisfy: θ1≥arcsin(n2 / n1). The orthographic projections of the first reflective surface and the first emitting surface on the substrate overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding first sub-pixel on the substrate. The second protrusion has a second reflective surface and a second emitting surface. The second reflective layer is disposed on the second reflective surface, and the second emitting surface... A second light-transmitting medium is provided on the side facing away from the substrate. The plane containing the second emitting surface is set at a second angle θ2 with the substrate. The plane containing the second reflecting surface is set at an angle β with both the substrate and the plane containing the second emitting surface. The refractive index n3 of the second protrusion, the refractive index n4 of the second light-transmitting medium, and the second angle θ2 satisfy: θ2 ≥ arcsin(n4 / n3). The orthographic projections of the second reflecting surface and the second emitting surface on the substrate overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate. The first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface... The tilting directions are opposite; the first protrusion is a first prism, the second protrusion is a second prism, the cross-section of the first prism is a first isosceles triangle, the cross-section of the second prism is a second isosceles triangle, the first reflective layer is disposed on the side where the base of the first isosceles triangle of the first prism is located, and the second reflective layer is disposed on the side where the base of the second isosceles triangle of the second prism is located; the first angle θ1 satisfies: 0°<θ1≤45°; the second angle θ2 satisfies: 0°<θ2≤45°; the acute angle between the plane where the first reflective layer is located and the plane where the second reflective layer is located is less than or equal to 45°; The beam splitter has a third light-transmitting medium on the side near the substrate. The first protrusion has a first incident surface parallel to the substrate on the side near the substrate. The refractive index n5 of the third light-transmitting medium, the refractive index n1 of the first protrusion, and the first angle θ1 satisfy: θ1≥arcsin(n5 / n1). The second protrusion has a second incident surface parallel to the substrate on the side near the substrate. The refractive index n5 of the third light-transmitting medium, the refractive index n3 of the second protrusion, and the second angle θ2 satisfy: θ2≥arcsin(n5 / n3). The first protrusion and the second protrusion have the same refractive index; the beam splitter further includes a transparent protective layer, which is disposed on the side of the first unit and the second unit away from the substrate, and fills the area of ​​the first unit and the second unit away from the substrate to form a first light-transmitting medium and a second light-transmitting medium; light emitted from the first unit and the second unit is emitted through the transparent protective layer to a fourth light-transmitting medium with a refractive index of n0; the refractive index of the transparent protective layer is greater than the refractive index of the fourth light-transmitting medium.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are arranged alternately.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium have the same refractive index.

4. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first prism is the same as the second prism.

5. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display layer further includes a color resist layer, which includes a plurality of color resist units corresponding to the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel. A black matrix is ​​disposed between the color resist units, and the orthographic projection of the first unit and the second unit on the color resist layer covers each of the color resist units.

6. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The orthographic projections of the first unit and the second unit onto the color resist layer coincide with the positions of each of the color resist units; or The edges of the orthographic projections of the first unit and the second unit on the color resist layer are located between two adjacent color resist units.

7. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertex angles of the first and second isosceles triangles are both θ, and n2 satisfies: n2 < n0 / sinθ.

8. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first polarizer and a second polarizer located on both sides of the display layer, wherein the second polarizer is located on the side of the display layer away from the substrate. The beam splitter is located on the side of the second polarizer away from the display layer.

9. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel is the same. The first sub-pixel includes a first red sub-pixel, a first green sub-pixel, and a first blue sub-pixel. The second sub-pixel includes a second red sub-pixel, a second green sub-pixel, and a second blue sub-pixel. The light rays of the first red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, and the first blue sub-pixel have the same emission direction after passing through the corresponding first unit. The light rays of the second red sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel, and the second blue sub-pixel have the same emission direction after passing through the corresponding second unit.

Images