High-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform and degradation and combustion test method

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform and degradation and combustion test method, including an air source control system, a reactor, an exhaust system, and a data analysis system; the reactor includes a reaction chamber and a degradation device; silicone oil is placed in the reaction chamber, and the degradation device degrades the silicone oil in the reaction chamber; the reactor includes an air inlet and an air outlet; the air source control system takes air into the reaction chamber through the air inlet, and the reaction chamber exhausts air to the exhaust system through the air outlet; the data analysis system is respectively connected to the air source control system and the exhaust system. The present invention aims to simulate the degradation and combustion process of terminal silicone oil under environmental conditions such as electricity, heat, moisture, and oxygen, grasp the development law of cable silicone oil degradation, and combustion characteristic data, and formulate corresponding detection strategies to avoid the occurrence of sudden accidents caused by silicone oil degradation problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction of power transmission and transformation equipment, and in particular to a degradation and combustion test platform for silicone oil at an outdoor terminal of a high-voltage cable and a degradation and combustion test method. Background Art

[0002] As the degree of cableization of urban power grids continues to increase, the requirements for the reliability of cable power supply are also increasing. Cable terminals, as key connection devices, are the weak link in the safe operation of cable lines. Silicone oil is the main insulating medium for high-voltage cable terminals, and its performance plays a decisive role in the overall safe operation of the cable. During the operation of the line, affected by external factors such as oxygen, humidity, high temperature, ultraviolet rays, strong electric fields, impurities, etc., the mechanical and electrical properties of silicone oil will gradually age, causing the insulation performance of the terminal to be greatly reduced, causing terminal heating defects at the least, and even causing breakdown failures of high-voltage cable terminals in severe cases.

[0003] The cable terminals need to be sealed after installation, so there is no research tool on the degradation process of silicone oil in electrical, thermal and humid environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a degradation and combustion test platform which can simulate the degradation development process of silicone oil in outdoor cable terminals and has the combustion test capability.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0006] A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform, including an air source control system, a reactor, an exhaust system, and a data analysis system;

[0007] The reactor comprises a reaction chamber (11) and a degradation device; silicone oil is placed in the reaction chamber (11), and the degradation device degrades the silicone oil in the reaction chamber (11);

[0008] The reactor comprises an air inlet (21) and an air outlet (22); the air source control system takes air into the reaction chamber (11) through the air inlet (21), and the reaction chamber (11) exhausts air to the exhaust system through the air outlet (22);

[0009] The data analysis system is respectively connected to the gas source control system and the exhaust system for communication.

[0010] Preferably, the reactor comprises a cup body (1) and a cup cover (2), the cup body (1) having the reaction chamber (11); the cup cover (2) and the cup body (1) are fixedly matched to seal the reaction chamber (11); the cup body (1) is provided with a plurality of sampling ports (12) along its height direction, and the sampling ports (12) are detachably blocked by a blocking block (13); and the cup body (1) is also provided with an observation window (14).

[0011] Preferably, the degradation device comprises a high-voltage simulation device, the high-voltage simulation device comprising two electrode plates (31) fixed in the reaction chamber (11), the two electrode plates (31) being arranged relative to each other in the cup body; the electrode plates (31) are fixed with electrode columns (32), the cup body is provided with holes for the electrode columns (32) to pass through; the electrode columns (32) pass through the holes and are connected to an external power source; the electrode columns (32) are sealed with the holes and can carry the electrode plates (31) to make horizontal linear reciprocating motion, thereby changing the distance between the electrode plates (31).

[0012] The degradation device also includes a sample heating device, the sample heating device comprising a radiation heater (33) and an insulating holder (34); the radiation heater (33) is fixed to the inner wall of the cup cover (2) via the insulating holder (34); after the cup cover (2) and the cup body (1) are fixedly matched, the radiation heater (33) extends into the reaction chamber (11).

[0013] Preferably, a baffle (15) is also fixed in the reaction chamber (11); the outer shape and size of the baffle (15) are consistent with the cross-sectional size of the reaction chamber (11); and limiting structures are arranged at different heights in the reaction chamber, and the height of the baffle (15) is adjusted by the limiting structures.

[0014] Preferably, the experimental platform also includes an image acquisition device, which is in communication connection with the data analysis system and is used to observe image data of the silicone oil degradation or combustion experimental process through the observation window (14).

[0015] Preferably, a thermocouple (17) is further provided in the reaction chamber (11); the thermocouple (17) is a linear structure and is vertically arranged in the reaction chamber (11); an electrode of the thermocouple extends out from the upper portion of the cup body and is in communication connection with the data analysis system.

[0016] Preferably, the gas source control system comprises a nitrogen cylinder group, an oxygen cylinder group, an air pump, and an environmental chamber; the nitrogen cylinder group, the oxygen cylinder group, and the air pump are connected to the environmental chamber via an air intake pipe; a humidifier, a first humidity sensor, and an intake gas sensor are provided in the environmental chamber; the environmental chamber is connected to the air inlet (21); the first humidity sensor and the intake gas sensor are respectively connected to the data analysis system for communication.

[0017] Preferably, the exhaust system comprises a gas storage bottle, which is connected to the reaction chamber (11) via the gas outlet (22); the exhaust system also comprises a second humidity sensor and an outlet gas sensor; the second humidity sensor and the outlet gas sensor detect the gas in the gas storage bottle and are in communication connection with the data analysis system.

[0018] The steps of the above test platform in the degradation test are as follows:

[0019] S1. Fix the reactor on the analytical balance, adjust the baffle (15) to a suitable position below the electrode plate (31), adjust the distance between the electrode plates (31), put the silicone oil sample to be tested into the reaction chamber (11), fix the reactor on the stand, and check the position of the sample heating device;

[0020] S2, connect the sample temperature measurement connector and the embedded thermocouple (17), the booster connector and the electrode column (32), turn on the power supply, and debug the degradation device, the gas outlet system, and the gas source control system;

[0021] S3. Open all valves, adjust the flow meter, bottle group or air pump intake; when the mixed gas composition in the environmental chamber meets the required ratio, close the gas source valve and seal the environmental chamber; turn on the humidifier in the chamber to keep the humidity of the mixed gas constant at the set value;

[0022] S4, opening the environmental chamber and the gas outlet valve to allow the mixed gas to fill the reaction chamber (11) and the gas outlet pipe, and when the gas composition and humidity of the outlet gas are consistent with those of the gas in the environmental chamber, calibrating the analytical balance;

[0023] S5. Turn on the sample heating device to keep the temperature of the silicone oil sample constant at the set value;

[0024] S6. Turn on the high voltage simulation device and apply voltage to the silicone oil sample;

[0025] S7, start the data acquisition system and record the analytical balance and outlet gas analysis data;

[0026] S8. Set the image acquisition device to take pictures at fixed time intervals to record image data of the silicone oil sample degradation process.

[0027] S9. After the set time, the sample heating device is powered off. After the silicone oil sample cools down, all valves are opened, the air pump is inlet, and the platform is purged.

[0028] S10, disconnect the power supply of the platform and each device, organize and save the data, and the experiment is completed.

[0029] S11, open the block (13), and take out silicone oil samples of the desired layers from different layer sampling ports (12) on the reactor.

[0030] S12. Clean the entire device and prepare for the next experiment.

[0031] The steps of the above test platform in the combustion test are as follows:

[0032] S1, moving the electrode plate (31) to be close to the wall of the reaction chamber, adjusting the baffle (15) to pass over the electrode plate (31) to be fixed at a suitable position; placing the stratified silicone oil sample to be tested for combustion performance into the reactor, fixing the reactor on a stand, and adjusting the position of the sample heating device;

[0033] S2, connect the sample temperature measurement connector and the embedded thermocouple (17), turn on the power of the degradation test platform, and debug the image acquisition device, sample heating device, gas outlet system, and gas source control system;

[0034] S3, open all valves, adjust the flow meter, select the bottle group or air pump for air intake; open the environmental chamber valve and the outlet valve to allow the mixed gas to fill the reaction chamber (11) and the outlet pipe, and when the composition of the outlet gas is consistent with the gas in the environmental chamber, calibrate the analytical balance;

[0035] S4, start the data acquisition system and record the analytical balance and outlet gas analysis data;

[0036] S5. Set the image acquisition device to continuously take pictures and record the image data of the silicone oil sample combustion process.

[0037] S6. Turn on the sample heating device and continue to heat the silicone oil sample until it burns;

[0038] S7. Wait until the combustion ends or the CO concentration of the exhaust gas returns to 0.0%, and then turn off the power to the sample heating device. After the silicone oil sample cools down, open all valves, let the air pump in, and purge the platform.

[0039] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0040] The present invention utilizes a gas source control system and a degradation device (a sample heating device and a high-voltage simulation device) to achieve adjustable environmental parameters such as gas composition, humidity, sample temperature, and electric field strength, and can conduct experimental research under single parameter or multi-parameter changes. The present invention aims to simulate the degradation and combustion process of terminal silicone oil under environmental conditions such as electricity, heat, moisture, and oxygen, grasp the development law of cable silicone oil degradation, and combustion characteristic data, and formulate corresponding detection strategies to avoid sudden accidents caused by silicone oil degradation.

[0041] Specifically, the electrode plates and radiation heaters are used to simulate the effect of the cable terminal environment on the performance of silicone oil. By controlling various parameters, the real environment is simulated as much as possible to meet the requirements of degradation and combustion tests.

[0042] Through the adjustable design of the baffle, the reactor can complete both degradation and combustion tests. In particular, through the design of the traction rope, the structure is simple and reasonable, easy to operate, and there is no need to open too large holes on the cup body, reducing the sealing design.

[0043] Through the coordination of the gas source control system and the exhaust system, the injection of gas, humidity and other factors into the reaction chamber is completed, and it can be controlled in real time according to actual needs, with great flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the overall structure of the test platform in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reactor in the test platform in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor in a test platform according to an embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a second perspective structural schematic diagram of the reactor in the test platform in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform, including an air source control system, a reactor, an exhaust system, an image acquisition device, a data analysis system, and a control console; the data analysis system is respectively communicated with the air source control system, the exhaust system, the image acquisition device, and the control console.

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the reactor includes a cup body 1 and a cup cover 2. The cup body 1 has a reaction chamber 11 for placing silicone oil samples; the cup cover 2 and the cup body 1 are fixed by threaded cooperation to seal the reaction chamber 11; the cup body 1 is provided with a plurality of sampling ports 12 along its height direction, and the sampling ports 12 are detachably blocked by a block 13; a transparent observation window 14 is also provided on the cup body 1 to facilitate observation of sample changes in the reaction chamber 11. The reactor also includes a degradation device; the degradation device degrades the silicone oil in the reaction chamber 11. The degradation device in this embodiment includes a high-voltage simulation device and a sample heating device. The high-voltage simulation device includes two electrode plates 31 fixed in the reaction chamber 11, and the two electrode plates 31 are arranged relatively in the cup body; the electrode plates 31 are plate-shaped structures, and the two electrode plates 31 are arranged vertically and parallelly, and an electrode column 32 is fixed on the back, and the cup body is provided with a hole for the electrode column 32 to pass through; the electrode column 32 passes through the hole and is connected to the booster connector and the high-voltage simulation device booster to provide high voltage to the silicone oil sample. The electrode column 32 includes a nut and a screw; the nut is sealed with the hole, the screw is a conductor, and is inserted into the nut to form a screw pair, one end of the screw is located in the reaction chamber and fixed to the electrode plate, and the other end is located outside the reaction chamber and connected to the booster structure. By rotating the screw, the distance between the two electrode plates 31 can be adjusted.

[0053] The sample heating device comprises a radiation heater 33 and an insulating holder 34; the insulating holder 34 is embedded in the tail of the radiation heater 33, exposing the electrical connection; the insulating holder 34 is fixed in the through screw hole on the inner wall of the cup cover 2 by means of a thread, so that the electrical connection can be energized; after the cup cover 2 is fixedly matched with the cup body 1, the radiation heater 33 extends into the reaction chamber 11 to heat and control the temperature in the reaction chamber 11. The radiation heater 33 is a spiral conical structure, and its connector 34 connected to the external power source passes through the insulating holder 34 and the cup cover 2.

[0054] As shown Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, a baffle 15 is also fixed in the reaction chamber 11; the outer shape and size of the baffle 15 are consistent with the cross-sectional size of the reaction chamber 11; the cup body 1 of this embodiment is a cylindrical structure, the baffle 15 is a circular plate, the internal material of the baffle 15 is cross-linked polyethylene, the middle is a stainless steel layer, and the external material is an insulating material. The baffle 15 is height-adjustable in the reaction chamber through a limiting structure, and the limiting structure is specifically as follows: a limiting groove 131 is horizontally opened at one end of the block 13 extending into the reaction chamber, and a plurality of protrusions 132 are arranged circumferentially on the reaction chamber wall. The baffle 15 is placed on the protrusion 132 and limited in the limiting groove 131 to fix the baffle 15 at this height. The same structure is used to fix the baffle 15 at the height of each sampling port 12. When the height of the baffle 15 needs to be adjusted, first remove the block 13, manually lift the baffle 15 through the sampling port 12, rotate the baffle 15 to a certain angle, and then adjust the baffle 15 upward or downward to the required height, and then put the baffle 15 on the convex block 132 at the height and lay it flat, and finally block the sampling port 12 with the block 13 at the height and limit the baffle 15 in the limiting groove 131. During the adjustment process, it is necessary to pay attention to adjusting the angle of the baffle 15 to avoid the convex block 132 or the electrode plate 31. Of course, a receiving groove for accommodating the electrode plate 31 can also be opened on the inner wall of the cup body to avoid the electrode plate 31 from hindering the height adjustment of the baffle 15.

[0055] Two thermocouples 17 are also arranged in the reaction chamber 11. The thermocouples 17 are linear structures and are vertically arranged on both sides of the reaction chamber 11. The electrodes 171 of the thermocouples 17 pass through the upper part of the cup body and communicate with the data acquisition system to detect the sample temperature.

[0056] The cup cover 2 is provided with an air inlet 21 and an air outlet 22; the air source control system takes air into the reaction chamber 11 through the air inlet 21, and the reaction chamber 11 exhausts air to the exhaust system through the air outlet 22. The specific structure is:

[0057] The gas source control system includes a nitrogen cylinder group, an oxygen cylinder group, and an air pump; the nitrogen cylinder group, the oxygen cylinder group, and the air pump are connected to the environmental cabin through an air intake pipe respectively; a humidifier, a first humidity sensor, and an intake gas sensor are arranged in the environmental cabin, the humidifier is arranged on the top of the environmental cabin, the first humidity sensor is installed at the air outlet pipe of the environmental cabin, and the intake gas sensors are evenly distributed on the wall of the environmental cabin; the environmental cabin is connected to the air inlet 21 on the cup cover 2; the first humidity sensor and the intake gas sensor are respectively connected to the data acquisition system for communication. In this embodiment, valves and flow meters are arranged in sequence on the pipelines connecting the nitrogen cylinder group, the oxygen cylinder group, the air pump and the environmental cabin according to the air flow direction, and a valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the environmental cabin and the air inlet 21 on the cup cover 2 for easy adjustment.

[0058] The exhaust system includes a gas cylinder, which is connected to the reaction chamber 11 through the gas outlet 22 of the cup cover 2; the exhaust system also includes a second humidity sensor and an exhaust gas sensor, the second humidity sensor is installed at the gas inlet pipe of the gas cylinder, and the exhaust gas sensors are evenly distributed on the wall of the gas cylinder; the second humidity sensor and the exhaust gas sensor detect the gas in the gas cylinder and communicate with the data acquisition system. On the connecting pipeline between the gas cylinder and the gas outlet 22 of the cup cover 2, valves, vacuum pumps, and coolers are arranged in sequence according to the gas flow direction; a peristaltic pump is also arranged on the drainage pipeline of the cooler to accelerate the discharge of accumulated water in the cooler.

[0059] The image acquisition device includes a camera and an infrared imaging device. The camera captures the image of the silicone oil sample changes in the reaction chamber 11 through the observation window 14. The infrared imaging device is used to perform infrared imaging of the silicone oil sample in the reaction chamber 11 to observe the thermal field distribution and flow of the sample during the experiment. The camera and the infrared imaging device are communicatively connected to the data acquisition system to observe the image data of the silicone oil degradation or combustion experiment process through the observation window 14.

[0060] When the platform provided in this embodiment is used, the reactor is fixed on the test bench. The specific fixing structure is a conventional structure and will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that in this embodiment, an analytical balance is supported by a support plate on the test bench, and the reactor is fixed on the analytical balance. The analytical balance is a high-precision balance for obtaining the weight of the reactor before and after the test. The analytical balance is connected to the control console for communication.

[0061] In this embodiment, the data analysis system includes an intake gas humidity measurement module for obtaining data from the first humidity sensor, an intake gas analysis module communicatively connected to the intake gas sensor, a sample temperature adjustment module communicatively connected to the insulating card holder 34, a sample temperature measurement module connected to the thermocouple 17, a high-voltage simulation device booster connected to the electrode plate 31, an exhaust gas humidity measurement module connected to the second humidity sensor, and an exhaust gas analysis module connected to the exhaust gas sensor; the console includes a control module and an operation module, and the control module is communicatively connected to the operation module to control the start and stop of the power supply of the test platform, the current value of the sample temperature adjustment module, the voltage value of the high-voltage simulation device booster, the start and stop of the air pump, the start and stop of the humidifier, the valve switch and other operations according to the data obtained by the data analysis system and the analytical balance.

[0062] When the above platform is used, the degradation test or combustion test of silicone oil samples can be carried out. The experimental steps are as follows:

[0063] A method for testing the degradation of silicone oil in outdoor terminals of high-voltage cables, the steps are as follows:

[0064] S1. Fix the reactor on the analytical balance, adjust the baffle 15 to a suitable position below the electrode plate 31, push the electrode of the electrode plate 31 to make the electrode plate 31 located at a suitable position in the reaction chamber 11, put the silicone oil sample to be tested into the reaction chamber 11, fix the reactor on the stand, and adjust the position of the sample heating device;

[0065] S2. Connect the data acquisition system to the degradation device, turn on the power, and debug the degradation device, the gas outlet system, and the gas source control system;

[0066] S3. Open all valves, adjust the flow meter, bottle group or air pump intake; when the mixed gas composition in the environmental chamber meets the required ratio, close the gas source valve and seal the environmental chamber. Turn on the humidifier in the chamber to keep the humidity of the mixed gas constant at the set value;

[0067] S4, open the environmental chamber and the gas outlet valve to allow the mixed gas to fill the reaction chamber 11 and the gas outlet pipe, and when the gas composition and humidity of the outlet gas are consistent with those in the environmental chamber, calibrate the analytical balance;

[0068] S5. Turn on the sample heating device to keep the temperature of the silicone oil sample constant at the set value;

[0069] S6. Turn on the high voltage simulation device and apply voltage to the silicone oil sample;

[0070] S7, start the data acquisition system and record the analytical balance and outlet gas analysis data;

[0071] S8. Set the image acquisition device to take pictures at fixed time intervals to record image data of the silicone oil sample degradation process.

[0072] S9. After the set time, the sample heating device is powered off. After the silicone oil sample cools down, all valves are opened, the air pump is inlet, and the platform is purged.

[0073] S10, disconnect the power supply of the platform and each device, organize and save the data, and the experiment is completed.

[0074] S11, open the block 13, and take out silicone oil samples of the required layers from different layer sampling ports 12 on the reactor.

[0075] S12. Clean the entire device and prepare for the next experiment.

[0076] The combustion test steps are as follows:

[0077] S1, the electrode plate 31 is retracted into the inner wall of the cup body, and the baffle 15 is adjusted to pass over the electrode plate 31 to a suitable position; the stratified silicone oil sample to be tested is placed in the reactor, the reactor is fixed on the stand, and the position of the sample heating device is adjusted;

[0078] S2. Connect the sample temperature measurement connector to the embedded thermocouple 17, turn on the power of the degradation test platform, and debug the image acquisition device, sample heating device, gas outlet system, and gas source control system;

[0079] S3, open all valves, adjust the flow meter, select the bottle group or air pump for air intake; open the environmental chamber valve and the outlet valve to allow the mixed gas to fill the reaction chamber 11 and the outlet pipe, and when the composition of the outlet gas is consistent with the gas in the environmental chamber, calibrate the analytical balance;

[0080] S4, start the data acquisition system and record the analytical balance and outlet gas analysis data;

[0081] S5. Set the image acquisition device to continuously take pictures and record the image data of the silicone oil sample combustion process.

[0082] S6. Turn on the sample heating device and continue to heat the silicone oil sample until it burns;

[0083] S7. Wait until the combustion ends or the CO concentration of the exhaust gas returns to 0.0%, and then turn off the power to the sample heating device. After the silicone oil sample cools down, open all valves, let the air pump in, and purge the platform.

[0084] S8. Disconnect the power supply of the platform and each device, organize and save the data, and the experiment is completed.

[0085] S9. Clean the entire device and prepare for the next experiment.

[0086] The effects of this embodiment are:

[0087] 1. It can simulate the degradation process of outdoor terminal silicone oil, and conduct systematic analysis and research on parameters such as image behavior, quality loss rate, and concentration of generated products during the degradation process.

[0088] 2. The combustion characteristics of degraded silicone oil samples can be tested, and parameters such as flame height, mass loss rate, and combustion product concentration during the combustion process can be systematically analyzed and studied.

[0089] 3. By using the gas source control system, sample heating device, and high-voltage simulation device, the environmental parameters such as gas composition, humidity, sample temperature, and electric field strength can be adjusted, and experimental research under single parameter or multi-parameter changes can be carried out.

[0090] 4. The reactor is equipped with stratified sampling holes to ensure accurate stratified sampling of degraded silicone oil samples after the experiment.

[0091] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform, characterized by: Including gas source control system, reactor, exhaust system, data analysis system; The reactor comprises a reaction chamber (11) and a degradation device; silicone oil is placed in the reaction chamber (11), and the degradation device degrades the silicone oil in the reaction chamber (11); the reactor comprises a cup body (1) and a cup cover (2); the cup body (1) has the reaction chamber (11); The reactor comprises an air inlet (21) and an air outlet (22); the air source control system takes air into the reaction chamber (11) through the air inlet (21), and the reaction chamber (11) exhausts air to the exhaust system through the air outlet (22); a baffle (15) is also fixed in the reaction chamber (11), and the outer shape and size of the baffle (15) are consistent with the cross-sectional size of the reaction chamber (11); a limiting structure is arranged at different heights in the reaction chamber, and the height of the baffle (15) is adjusted by the limiting structure; the degradation device comprises a high-voltage simulation device, and the high-voltage simulation device comprises two electrode plates (31) fixed in the reaction chamber (11), and the two electrode plates (31) are arranged relative to each other in a cup body; an electrode column (32) is fixed to the electrode plate (31), and a hole is provided in the cup body for the electrode column (32) to pass through; the electrode column (32) passes through the hole and is connected to an external power source; the electrode column (32) is sealed with the hole and can drive the electrode plate (31) to perform linear reciprocating motion; During the degradation test, the baffle (15) is adjusted to be fixed at a suitable position below the electrode plate (31), and the electrode of the electrode plate (31) is pushed so that the electrode plate (31) is located at a suitable position in the reaction chamber (11); during the combustion test, the electrode plate (31) is moved to be close to the wall of the reaction chamber, and the baffle (15) is adjusted to pass over the electrode plate (31) and fixed at a suitable position; The data analysis system is respectively connected to the gas source control system and the exhaust system for communication.

2. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cup cover (2) is fixedly matched with the cup body (1) to seal the reaction chamber (11); the cup body (1) is provided with a plurality of sampling ports (12) along its height direction, and the sampling ports (12) are detachably blocked by blocking blocks (13); and the cup body (1) is also provided with an observation window (14).

3. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The degradation device also includes a sample heating device, which includes a radiation heater (33) and an insulating holder (34); the radiation heater (33) is fixed to the inner wall of the cup cover (2) via the insulating holder (34); after the cup cover (2) and the cup body (1) are fixedly matched, the radiation heater (33) extends into the reaction chamber (11).

4. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The experimental platform also includes an image acquisition device, which is in communication connection with the data analysis system and is used to observe image data of the silicone oil degradation or combustion experiment process through the observation window (14).

5. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A thermocouple (17) is also provided in the reaction chamber (11); the thermocouple (17) is a linear structure and is vertically provided in the reaction chamber (11); an electrode of the thermocouple extends out from the upper portion of the cup body and is in communication connection with the data analysis system.

6. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gas source control system comprises a nitrogen cylinder group, an oxygen cylinder group, an air pump, and an environmental chamber; the nitrogen cylinder group, the oxygen cylinder group, and the air pump are connected to the environmental chamber via an air intake pipe; a humidifier, a first humidity sensor, and an intake gas sensor are arranged in the environmental chamber; the environmental chamber is connected to the air intake port (21); the first humidity sensor and the intake gas sensor are respectively connected to the data analysis system for communication.

7. A high-voltage cable outdoor terminal silicone oil degradation and combustion test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The exhaust system comprises a gas storage bottle, which is connected to the reaction chamber (11) via the gas outlet (22); the exhaust system also comprises a second humidity sensor and an outlet gas sensor; the second humidity sensor and the outlet gas sensor detect the gas in the gas storage bottle and are in communication connection with the data analysis system.

8. A method for testing the degradation of silicone oil in outdoor terminals of high-voltage cables, characterized in that: The method uses the test platform described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the degradation test steps are as follows: S1. Fix the reactor on the analytical balance, adjust the baffle (15) to a suitable position below the electrode plate (31), push the electrode of the electrode plate (31) so that the electrode plate (31) is located at a suitable position in the reaction chamber (11), put the silicone oil sample to be tested into the reaction chamber (11), fix the reactor on the stand, and check the position of the sample heating device; S2, connect the sample temperature measurement connector and the thermocouple (17), the booster connector and the electrode column (32), turn on the power supply, and debug the degradation device, the gas outlet system, and the gas source control system; S3. Open all valves, adjust the flow meter, bottle group or air pump intake; when the mixed gas composition in the environmental chamber meets the required ratio, close the gas source valve and seal the environmental chamber; turn on the humidifier in the chamber to keep the humidity of the mixed gas constant at the set value; S4, opening the environmental chamber and the gas outlet valve to allow the mixed gas to fill the reaction chamber (11) and the gas outlet pipe, and when the gas composition and humidity of the outlet gas are consistent with those of the gas in the environmental chamber, calibrating the analytical balance; S5. Turn on the sample heating device to keep the temperature of the silicone oil sample constant at the set value; S6. Turn on the high voltage simulation device and apply voltage to the silicone oil sample; S7, start the data acquisition system and record the analytical balance and outlet gas analysis data; S8, setting the image acquisition device to take pictures at fixed time intervals to record image data of the silicone oil sample degradation process; S9, after running for the set time, the sample heating device is powered off; After the silicone oil sample has cooled, open all valves, let the air pump in, and purge the platform; S10, disconnect the power supply of the platform and each device, organize and save the data, and the experiment is completed; S11, opening the block (13), and taking out silicone oil samples of the desired layers from different layer sampling ports (12) on the reactor; S12. Clean the entire device and prepare for the next experiment.

9. A method for testing the poor combustion of silicone oil in outdoor terminals of high-voltage cables, the method using the test platform described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The combustion test steps are as follows: S1, moving the electrode plate (31) to be close to the wall of the reaction chamber, adjusting the baffle (15) to pass over the electrode plate (31), and fixing it to a suitable position; placing a stratified silicone oil sample for combustion performance testing into the reactor, fixing the reactor on a stand, and adjusting the position of the sample heating device; S2, connect the sample temperature measurement connector and the thermocouple (17), turn on the power of the degradation test platform, and debug the image acquisition device, sample heating device, gas outlet system, and gas source control system; S3, open all valves, adjust the flow meter, select the bottle group or air pump for air intake; open the environmental chamber valve and the outlet valve to allow the mixed gas to fill the reaction chamber (11) and the outlet pipe, and when the composition of the outlet gas is consistent with the gas in the environmental chamber, calibrate the analytical balance; S4, start the data acquisition system and record the analytical balance and outlet gas analysis data; S5, setting the image acquisition device to continuously take pictures and record the image data of the silicone oil sample combustion process; S6. Turn on the sample heating device and continue to heat the silicone oil sample until it burns; S7. Wait for the combustion to end or the CO concentration of the exhaust gas to return to 0.0%, and then cut off the power supply of the sample heating device. After the silicone oil sample cools down, open all valves, let the air pump in, and purge the platform. S8, disconnect the power supply of the platform and each device, organize and save the data, and the experiment is completed; S9. Clean the entire device and prepare for the next experiment.

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