A magnetic drive mechanism and an electrical switch having the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a magnetic drive mechanism, comprising an armature and a yoke opposite thereto, wherein the yoke is installed at a position associated with a conductor to be detected, so as to centrally constrain the electromagnetic field of the conductor, the armature is coupled and connected to an actuating part of an electrical mechanism that needs to realize a function through displacement, so as to drive the actuating part by its own displacement after being magnetically adsorbed by the yoke, the yoke has a first extension portion extending toward the armature, the armature has a second extension portion extending toward the yoke, and the yoke and the armature are close to each other and offset from each other via the first extension portion and the second extension portion. The present invention also relates to an electrical switch having the above-mentioned magnetic drive mechanism. The present invention reduces the air gap at the initial position of the armature and the yoke through the design of the mutually extended portions of magnetic attraction, thereby improving the initial attraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a magnetic driving mechanism and an electrical switch with the mechanism, and more particularly to structural improvements of an armature and a magnetic yoke. Background Art

[0002] Circuit breakers are a type of switching device widely used in power distribution systems. When a circuit is overloaded, short-circuited, or under-voltage occurs, the circuit breaker needs to be able to quickly cut off the circuit to prevent components from burning out under excessive current. Therefore, circuit breakers usually have a quick tripping mechanism to quickly disconnect the circuit. The speed of the tripping directly affects the circuit breaker's ability to cut off the fault current. Thermal magnetic releases are a type of tripping mechanism commonly used in the field of circuit breakers. They are used to convert the magnetic excitation and / or thermal deformation received into a driving force to drive the circuit breaker's locking mechanism to trip. For example, a common type of magnetic release has an armature. When a circuit breaker is overloaded or short-circuited, the yoke on the thermal magnetic release is magnetized, attracting the armature to move, triggering the locking mechanism to unlock, and the tripping switch to trip, cutting off the fault circuit.

[0003] However, this type of magnetic release has certain defects. When a short-circuit current appears in the circuit, the yoke of the magnetic release needs to be magnetized for a certain period of time to generate magnetic force, and then attract the armature to move. Finally, the lock mechanism is hit to release the switch to cut off the fault current. Not only does it need to go through two levels of mechanical transmission, but the armature and yoke of the magnetic release in conventional technology are far apart (the air gap between the armature and the yoke is large), resulting in a relatively small initial suction force of the yoke on the armature, and the armature does not move quickly enough. In this way, the magnetic release has a relatively slow response speed, resulting in a longer existence time of the fault current, affecting system safety. In addition, the magnetic release usually has many parts and a relatively complex structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a magnetic drive mechanism with optimized structure.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention proposes a magnetic drive mechanism, including an armature and a yoke opposite to it, wherein the yoke is installed at a position associated with a conductor to be detected so as to concentrate and constrain the electromagnetic field of the conductor, the armature is coupled and connected to an actuating part of an electrical mechanism that needs to realize its function through displacement, so as to drive the actuating part by its own displacement after being magnetically adsorbed by the yoke, the yoke has a first extension portion extending toward the armature, and the armature has a second extension portion extending toward the yoke, and the yoke and the armature are close to each other and offset from each other via the first extension portion and the second extension portion.

[0007] In order to ensure that the armature and the yoke can have a large relative displacement while making the extension parts of the two as close as possible, in one implementation, the minimum interval between the first extension part and the second extension part is defined as σ, and the maximum displacement distance between the yoke and the armature is s, then the minimum interval is σ<the maximum displacement distance s.

[0008] Among them, based on manufacturing, installation and cost considerations, in one implementation, the yoke is roughly in a "U"-shaped structure, including a first substrate and two first magnetic teeth extending roughly vertically from both sides of the first substrate as the first extension part, and the armature is roughly in a "U"-shaped structure, including a second substrate and two second magnetic teeth extending roughly vertically from both sides of the second substrate as the second extension part, and the "U"-shaped structures of the yoke and the armature are respectively large and small, so that the yoke and the armature are close to each other and staggered with each other by achieving a minimum spacing of σ between the first magnetic teeth and the second magnetic teeth, and the yoke and the armature achieve a maximum displacement distance s between the first magnetic teeth and the second substrate or between the second magnetic teeth and the first substrate.

[0009] In order to facilitate the installation of the conductor and to realize centralized confinement of the electromagnetic field of the conductor, in one implementation, the magnetic yoke forms a roughly "U"-shaped structure through the first substrate and the first magnetic conductive tooth to semi-enclose the conductor to be tested for magnetic field association.

[0010] In order to improve the stability of displacement after the magnetic yoke is adsorbed, in one implementation, the armature is fixedly overlapped on the actuating part through a roughly "U"-shaped structure formed by the second base body and the second magnetic conductive tooth for coupling connection.

[0011] Based on the above-mentioned magnetic driving mechanism, the present invention further proposes an electrical switch, including an electrical mechanism and an electrical circuit that realizes function through displacement, wherein the electrical circuit has a conductor for detection and also includes the above-mentioned magnetic driving mechanism.

[0012] Among them, as a preferred solution, in one implementation, the electrical switch is a circuit breaker, the electrical mechanism is a locking mechanism, and the actuating part is a triggering part of the locking mechanism.

[0013] Among them, as a preferred solution, in one implementation, the electrical switch is a contactor, the electrical mechanism is a contact system, and the actuating part is a movable contact of the contact system.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a magnetic drive mechanism, and directly drives the electrical mechanism that needs to realize the function through displacement through magnetic attraction, thereby improving the mechanical transmission efficiency and reducing the mechanism response time. The design of the mutually extended parts reduces the air gap between the armature and the yoke at the initial position, and improves the initial suction force. In the application of the circuit breaker, the release time of the locking mechanism can be effectively reduced, and the circuit breaker's ability to disconnect the fault circuit and the reliability can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker in an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the armature in the embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a yoke in an embodiment;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the armature is connected to a tripping half shaft;

[0019] Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic teeth of the armature and the yoke in the embodiment (part 1);

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the magnetic teeth of the armature and the yoke in the embodiment (part 2);

[0021] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of another feasible solution for setting the magnetic teeth of the armature and the yoke in the embodiment (part 1);

[0022] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of another feasible solution for setting the magnetic teeth of the armature and the yoke in the embodiment (part 2);

[0023] Fig. 9 1 is a schematic diagram of another feasible solution for setting the magnetic teeth of the armature and the yoke in the embodiment (part 3);

[0024] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of another feasible solution for setting the magnetic teeth of the armature and the yoke in the embodiment (the fourth one). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention, which are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, a person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0026] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0027] See also Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a circuit breaker is provided, including a shell (not fully shown), an operating mechanism 2 installed on the shell, a contact system 3, a locking mechanism 4, a tripper 15 and an arc extinguishing system (not shown), the contact system 3 has a first terminal 10 and a second terminal 11 on both sides, which serve as the wiring terminals of the circuit breaker, and at the same time form an electrical circuit of the circuit breaker together with the contact system 3; the operating mechanism 2 controls the movement of the contact system 3 to realize the conduction and disconnection of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 11; the arc extinguishing system is located below the contact system 3, and performs arc extinguishing on the arc generated when the circuit breaker is disconnected; the locking mechanism 4 includes a tripping half-shaft 41 and a tripping piece 42, the tripping piece 42 is overlapped on the tripping half-shaft 41, and when the tripping half-shaft 41 is triggered to rotate, the tripping piece 42 can be released from the tripping half-shaft 41, thereby tripping the circuit breaker and cutting off the fault current.

[0028] The tripping half shaft 41 has a trigger portion for receiving an external force to drive the tripping half shaft 41 to rotate. Figure 2 In this embodiment, the triggering part is a paddle 4162, which is a flat plate structure extending radially from the tripping half shaft 41. In particular, this embodiment provides a magnetic tripping device 15 for generating a driving force to trigger the paddle 4162 to rotate the tripping half shaft 41. Figure 1 The magnetic release 15 includes an armature 151 and a yoke 152. The basic requirement of the yoke 152 is that it is installed at the position of the conductor (i.e., the second terminal 11) to be detected, so as to centrally constrain the electromagnetic field of the conductor (i.e., the second terminal 11); the basic requirement of the armature 151 is that it is coupled (contact mechanical connection or non-contact transmission connection) with the actuating part (i.e., the paddle 4162) of the electrical mechanism (i.e., the locking mechanism 4) that needs to realize the function through displacement, so as to drive the actuating part (i.e., the locking mechanism 4) by its own displacement after being magnetically adsorbed by the yoke 152. The following is a detailed description with a specific embodiment application:

[0029] See also Figure 2-3 The armature 151 and the yoke 152 are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower parts. The yoke 152 is generally in a "U"-shaped structure, including a first base 1520 and two first magnetic conductive teeth 1521 extending generally vertically from both sides of the first base 1520; the armature 151 is generally in a "U"-shaped structure, including a second base 1510 and two second magnetic conductive teeth 1511 extending generally vertically from both sides of the second base 1510, see Figure 5The "U"-shaped structures of the armature 151 and the yoke 152 are respectively one large and one small. In this embodiment, the "U"-shaped structure of the yoke 152 is larger, while the "U"-shaped structure of the armature 151 is smaller, so that the first magnetic tooth 1521 and the second magnetic tooth 1511 are displaced from each other at a certain interval. Obviously, in other embodiments, the "U"-shaped structure of the yoke 152 may be smaller, while the "U"-shaped structure of the armature 151 may be larger, and the dislocation effect is the same. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The armature 151 is fixedly connected (such as bonded) to the first paddle 4161 of the tripping half-shaft 41, and the yoke 152 is semi-enclosed and connected to the second terminal 11 through its "U"-shaped structure, thereby forming a magnetic field association with the second terminal 11 as a conductor. When a fault current appears in the circuit (such as a short circuit), the yoke 152 semi-enclosed around the second terminal 11 generates sufficient magnetic force to attract the armature 151, thereby driving the tripping half-shaft 4 to rotate and unfastening the tripping piece 42, thereby causing the switch to trip quickly, cutting off the faulty circuit and protecting the safe operation of the system. The second magnetic teeth 1511 and the first magnetic teeth 1521, which are arranged in an offset manner, not only give way to each other to create space for the armature 151 to move, but also because the second magnetic teeth 1511 and the first magnetic teeth 1521 extend close to each other, the air gap between the armature 151 and the yoke 152 can be reduced, such as Figure 6 As shown, by designing the second magnetic teeth 1511 and the first magnetic teeth 1521, the air gap between the armature 151 and the yoke 152 can be reduced from L (in the case of no magnetic teeth design) to σ.

[0030] As a better implementation, the minimum interval between the second magnetic tooth 1511 and the first magnetic tooth 1521 is σ<the maximum displacement distance s between the armature 151 and the yoke 152. Under such a design, it is possible to ensure that the armature 151 and the yoke 152 can have a large relative displacement while making the extended parts of the two (that is, the second magnetic tooth 1511 and the first magnetic tooth 1521) as close as possible to make the initial air gap between the two smaller, the initial magnetic attraction force on the armature 151 is greater, and the response time of the mechanism is reduced.

[0031] In this embodiment, the design of the magnetic release 15 is composed of only two parts, the armature and the yoke, and the number of parts is greatly reduced, which improves the reliability of the operation. The magnetic release directly drives the locking mechanism 4 to release through magnetic attraction, which improves the mechanical transmission efficiency and reduces the mechanism response time. The setting of the magnetic tooth structure reduces the air gap between the armature and the yoke at the initial position, improves the initial suction force, reduces the mechanism release time, and improves the product's ability to disconnect fault circuits and reliability.

[0032] Furthermore, the design of the second magnetic conductive teeth 1511 and the first magnetic conductive teeth 1521 is essentially to provide mutually extending and mutually offset extension portions on the armature 151 and the yoke 152, so as to make room for the movement of the armature 151 and reduce the initial air gap between the armature 151 and the yoke 152. Based on this, this embodiment also proposes several alternatives to the magnetic release 15:

[0033] 1. Alternative 1: See Figure 7 The magnetic release includes an armature 151 and a yoke 153. The armature 151 has a second magnetic tooth 1511, and the yoke 153 has a magnetic tooth 1531. The second magnetic tooth 1511 and the magnetic tooth 1531 are offset from each other, and in particular, the magnetic tooth 1531 is located on the inner side of the second magnetic tooth 1511.

[0034] 2. Alternative 2: See Figure 8 The magnetic release includes an armature 151 and a yoke 154. The armature 151 has a second magnetic tooth 1511. The yoke 154 has a protruding column 1541. The second magnetic tooth 1511 and the protruding column 1541 are offset from each other, and the protruding column 1541 is located on the inner side of the second magnetic tooth 1511.

[0035] 3. Alternative 3: See Fig. 9 The magnetic release includes an armature 155 and a yoke 152 . The armature 155 has a boss 1551 . The yoke 152 has a first magnetic tooth 1521 . The boss 1551 and the first magnetic tooth 1521 are offset from each other, and the boss 1551 is located on the inner side of the first magnetic tooth 1521 .

[0036] 4. Alternative 4: See Fig.10 The magnetic release includes an armature 156 and a yoke 152. The armature 156 has a magnetic tooth 1561. The yoke 152 has a first magnetic tooth 1521. The magnetic tooth 1561 and the first magnetic tooth 1521 are offset from each other, and the magnetic tooth 1561 is located on the inner side of the first magnetic tooth 1521.

[0037] On the whole, these four schemes are all implemented with the yoke and the armature being roughly "concave" and "convex" shaped structures respectively, or the yoke and the armature being roughly "convex" and "concave" shaped structures respectively, so as to make full use of the space and achieve the above-mentioned "extending toward each other and misaligned with each other" conditions.

[0038] In the preferred embodiment, the armature 151 and the yoke 152 adopt a U-shaped structure, which has the advantages of being simple, reliable and easy to manufacture. For example, it can be easily installed on the paddle 4162 or the second terminal 11. If the yoke and armature of the above four alternative embodiments are used, a more detailed structure can also be designed according to actual application needs to realize the magnetic field associated installation of the conductor detected by the yoke. For example, in alternative solution 1, the conductor (second terminal 11) can be installed between the two magnetic teeth 1531. , a hole can be drilled in the boss 154 to install the conductor (the second terminal 11); similarly, a more detailed structure can be designed according to actual application needs to achieve the coupling connection between the armature and the actuating part of the electrical mechanism that needs to realize the function through displacement. For example, in alternative solutions 1 and 2, the armature 151 can be fixedly overlapped on the paddle 4162 in a semi-enclosed manner (that is, the solution adopted in this preferred embodiment), and in alternative solutions 3 and 4, the armatures 155 and 156 can be bonded to the paddle 4162 with their flat upper ends.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that although the above-mentioned magnetic tripping mechanism is demonstrated and explained by taking the circuit breaker of this embodiment as an example, the above-mentioned magnetic tripping mechanism is an electromagnetic energy-mechanical energy conversion mechanism used to convert current into magnetic force to drive the armature to realize displacement movement. In some occasions where electromagnetic energy-mechanical energy conversion movement is required, the above-mentioned magnetic tripping mechanism can also be used; for example, in a contactor, the armature drives the moving contact to move through a fixed connection structure to realize the contactor function, replacing the traditional armature and yoke structure, and has the technical effect of "improving the action reliability, increasing the initial suction force and faster action" in the above-mentioned improved structure.

[0040] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic drive mechanism, comprising an armature and a yoke opposite thereto, wherein the yoke is installed at a position associated with a conductor to be detected so as to centrally constrain the electromagnetic field of the conductor, and the armature is coupled to an actuating part of an electrical mechanism that needs to achieve a function through displacement so as to drive the actuating part through its own displacement after being magnetically attracted by the yoke, characterized in that: The yoke has a first extension portion extending toward the armature, and the armature has a second extension portion extending toward the yoke. The yoke and the armature are close to each other and offset from each other via the first extension portion and the second extension portion. The minimum interval between the first extension portion and the second extension portion is defined as σ, and the maximum displacement distance between the yoke and the armature is s, then the minimum interval σ is less than the maximum displacement distance s.

2. The magnetic drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yoke is roughly in a "U"-shaped structure, including a first substrate and two first magnetic teeth extending roughly vertically from both sides of the first substrate as the first extension part, and the armature is roughly in a "U"-shaped structure, including a second substrate and two second magnetic teeth extending roughly vertically from both sides of the second substrate as the second extension part, and the "U"-shaped structures of the yoke and the armature are respectively large and small, so that the yoke and the armature are close to each other and staggered with each other by achieving a minimum spacing of σ between the first magnetic teeth and the second magnetic teeth, and the yoke and the armature achieve a maximum displacement distance s between the first magnetic teeth and the second substrate or between the second magnetic teeth and the first substrate.

3. The magnetic drive mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic yoke forms a roughly "U"-shaped structure through the first substrate and the first magnetic conductive tooth to semi-enclose the conductor to be detected to perform magnetic field association.

4. The magnetic drive mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The armature is fixedly overlapped on the actuating portion through a roughly "U"-shaped structure formed by the second base body and the second magnetic conductive tooth to achieve coupling connection.

5. The magnetic drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yoke and the armature are roughly in a "concave" shape and a "convex" shape structure respectively.

6. An electrical switch, comprising an electrical mechanism and an electrical circuit that realizes a function by displacement, wherein the electrical circuit has a conductor for detection, characterized in that: It also includes a magnetic drive mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The electrical switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrical switch is a circuit breaker, the electrical mechanism is a locking mechanism, and the actuating part is a triggering part of the locking mechanism.

8. The electrical switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrical switch is a contactor, the electrical mechanism is a contact system, and the actuating part is a moving contact of the contact system.

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