Hip joint system and its acetabular prosthesis

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hip joint prosthesis and an acetabular liner. The acetabular liner includes an acetabular cup and at least two acetabular liners. The surface tapers of different acetabular liners are different, and each acetabular liner is provided with an articular surface for cooperating with the femoral head, and the central positions of the articular surfaces of different acetabular liners are different. The acetabular cup is provided with a receiving cavity for accommodating any one of the acetabular liners, and at least two dividing areas with different tapers are formed on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity, and a dividing area with one taper matches an acetabular liner with a specific surface taper. The above acetabular prosthesis has high versatility and can be suitable for patients with different eccentric distances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a hip joint system and an acetabular prosthesis thereof. Background Art

[0002] Total joint arthroplasty is currently the best joint arthroplasty. Total joint arthroplasty brings hope to many patients. It preserves joint function, reduces patient pain, and improves the quality of life of patients. Among them, hip arthroplasty has the best clinical effect.

[0003] In hip arthroplasty, it is necessary to restore the normal femoral offset to obtain appropriate abductor muscle strength. The offset refers to the perpendicular distance between the center of the femoral head and the longitudinal axis of the femoral shaft. Insufficient reconstruction of the offset will affect the patient's gait, while an overly long offset will cause excessive pressure on the surrounding soft tissues. Anatomically, the individual differences in femoral offset in normal human bodies are very large, ranging from a minimum of 20 mm to a maximum of 60 mm. Therefore, when the same model of a general prosthesis is selected for different patients, it is very likely that the center of the femoral head of the prosthesis does not overlap with the center of the original femoral head of the patient, resulting in a change in the force-bearing situation of the hip abductor muscles of the patient and affecting the patient's normal life after surgery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, in view of the problem of how to improve the versatility of prostheses in hip arthroplasty, it is necessary to provide a hip joint system and an acetabular prosthesis thereof.

[0005] An acetabular prosthesis, comprising:

[0006] At least two acetabular liners, the surface tapers of different acetabular liners are different, each acetabular liner is provided with a joint surface for cooperating with the femoral head, and the central positions of the joint surfaces of different acetabular liners are different; and,

[0007] An acetabular cup, provided with a receiving cavity for receiving any one of the acetabular liners, the cavity wall of the receiving cavity is formed with at least two partition areas with different tapers, and one type of partition area with a certain taper matches one specific acetabular liner with a surface taper.

[0008] The above acetabular prosthesis has at least two segmented areas with different tapers formed on the cavity wall of the acetabular cup, and one type of segmented area with a certain taper matches one type of acetabular liner, that is, one acetabular cup can match at least two acetabular liners, and the center positions of the articular surfaces of different acetabular liners are different. Thus, by replacing different acetabular liners to cooperate with the acetabular cup, the center position of the articular surface of the acetabular prosthesis can be changed. Since the center of the femoral head overlaps with the center of the acetabular articular surface, the center position of the femoral head can be adjusted by changing the center position of the acetabular articular surface. In this way, according to the different center positions of the femoral heads of different patients, a suitable acetabular liner is selected to cooperate with the acetabular cup, so as to ensure that the center position of the femoral head of the prosthesis overlaps with the original center position of the femoral head of the patient, making the offset of the prosthesis closer to the offset of the patient himself, and improving the surgical effect. In other words, the above acetabular prosthesis has high versatility and can be applied to patients with different offsets.

[0009] In one embodiment, a limiting groove is provided between two adjacent segmented areas, and the acetabular liner is provided with a locking boss, and the locking boss is clamped with the groove wall of the limiting groove.

[0010] In one embodiment, the number of the segmented areas of each taper is at least two, and the segmented areas with the same taper are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup.

[0011] In one embodiment, the acetabular liner forms at least two conical surfaces with the same taper, and the at least two conical surfaces are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular liner, and the positions and numbers of the at least two conical surfaces are the same as those of the segmented areas that match them.

[0012] In one embodiment, a depression is formed between two adjacent conical surfaces.

[0013] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the acetabular liner forms a continuous conical surface in the circumferential direction, and the continuous conical surface cooperates with a segmented area with a certain taper.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity forms a first segmented area with a first taper and a second segmented area with a second taper. The acetabular liner includes a first acetabular liner that matches the first segmented area and a second acetabular liner that matches the second segmented area, and the center of the articular surface of the first acetabular liner is different from the center of the articular surface of the second acetabular liner.

[0015] In one embodiment, the number of both the first segmented area and the second segmented area is at least two. At least two first segmented areas are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup, and at least two second segmented areas are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first partition area and the second partition area are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the acetabular cup.

[0017] A hip joint system includes a femoral prosthesis and the above-mentioned acetabular prosthesis, and the femoral prosthesis is rotatably connected to the acetabular prosthesis.

[0018] The above hip joint system forms at least two partition areas with different tapers on the cavity wall of the acetabular cup, and a partition area with one taper matches an acetabular liner with one taper, that is, one acetabular cup can match at least two acetabular liners, and the center positions of the joint surfaces of different acetabular liners are different. Therefore, by replacing different acetabular liners to cooperate with the acetabular cup, the center position of the joint surface of the acetabular prosthesis can be changed. Since the center of the femoral head overlaps with the center of the acetabular joint surface, the center position of the femoral head can be adjusted by changing the center position of the acetabular joint surface. Thus, according to the different center positions of the femoral heads of different patients, a suitable acetabular liner is selected to cooperate with the acetabular cup, so as to ensure that the center position of the femoral head of the prosthesis overlaps with the original center position of the femoral head of the patient, making the offset of the prosthesis closer to the offset of the patient himself, and improving the surgical effect. In other words, the above acetabular prosthesis has high versatility and can be applied to patients with different offsets. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of an acetabular prosthesis according to an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural view of an acetabular prosthesis according to another embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 For Figure 2 It is a schematic structural view of the acetabular cup of the acetabular prosthesis shown in

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of an acetabular cup according to another embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 For Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view of the first acetabular liner of the acetabular prosthesis shown in

[0024] Figure 6 For Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view of the second acetabular liner of the acetabular prosthesis shown in

[0025] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0026] 100, Acetabular prosthesis; 110, Acetabular cup; 111, Accommodating cavity; 112, Partition area; 112a, First partition area; 112b, Second partition area; 113, Limiting groove; 120, Acetabular liner; 120a, First acetabular liner; 120b, Second acetabular liner; 121, Tapered surface; 121a, First tapered surface; 121b, Second tapered surface; 122, Articular surface; 123, Locking boss; 124, Depression. Detailed implementation manner

[0027] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manner of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "up", "down" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0030] In the present invention, the so-called "first" and "second" do not represent specific quantities and orders, but are only used for name distinction.

[0031] See Figure 1-2, embodiments of the present application provide an acetabular prosthesis 100 for replacing a diseased acetabulum of a patient during hip replacement surgery. Specifically, an acetabular prosthesis 100 in one embodiment includes an acetabular cup 110 and at least two acetabular liners 120. Among them, a conical surface 121 for cooperating with the acetabular cup 110 is formed on the surface of the acetabular liner 120, and each acetabular liner 120 has a surface taper for the conical surface 121, and the surface tapers of the conical surfaces 121 of different acetabular liners 120 are different. The surface taper described here refers to the taper of the outer wall of the acetabular liner 120 in the shape of a conical surface. In addition, each acetabular liner 120 is provided with an articular surface 122 for cooperating with the femoral head, and the central positions of the articular surfaces 122 of different acetabular liners 120 are also different. The articular surface 122 is approximately hemispherical, and the center of the femoral head is essentially the center of the sphere to which the hemispherical surface belongs. Therefore, the central position of the articular surface 122 is the central position of the femoral head that cooperates with it. Further, the acetabular cup 110 is integrally semi-circular, and the acetabular cup 110 is provided with a receiving cavity 111 for accommodating any acetabular liner 120. Further, at least two dividing regions 112 are formed on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 111, and each dividing region 112 is a conical surface. These dividing regions 112 include at least two kinds of tapers, and the dividing regions 112 with one kind of taper match the acetabular liners 120 with a specific surface taper. That is, the dividing regions 112 with different tapers cooperate with different acetabular liners 120. Therefore, one acetabular cup 110 can correspondingly cooperate with multiple acetabular liners 120.

[0032] The above acetabular prosthesis 100 forms at least two dividing regions 112 with different tapers on the cavity wall of the acetabular cup 110, and the dividing regions 112 with one kind of taper match the acetabular liners 120 with one kind of taper. That is, one acetabular cup 110 can match at least two acetabular liners 120, and the centers of the articular surfaces 122 of different acetabular liners 120 are different. Thus, by replacing different acetabular liners 120 to cooperate with the acetabular cup 110, the central position of the articular surface 122 of the acetabular prosthesis 100 can be changed. The different central positions of the articular surface 122 described here mean that the relative position between the center of the articular surface 122 and the vertex of the acetabular cup 110 is different, that is, the relative position between the center of the femoral head after installation and the acetabular fossa of the patient is different. Since the center of the femoral head overlaps with the center of the acetabular articular surface 122, the center position of the femoral head can be adjusted by changing the center position of the acetabular articular surface 122. In this way, according to the different center positions of the femoral heads of different patients, a suitable acetabular liner 120 is selected to cooperate with the acetabular cup 110, ensuring that the center position of the femoral head of the prosthesis overlaps with the original center position of the femoral head of the patient, making the offset of the prosthesis closer to the offset of the patient himself, and improving the surgical effect. In other words, the above acetabular prosthesis 100 has high versatility and can be applied to patients with different offsets.

[0033] Further, referring to Figure 3and Figure 6 In one embodiment, a limiting groove 113 is provided between two adjacent partition areas 112. The limiting groove 113 extends along the depth direction of the accommodating cavity 111, and the limiting groove 113 divides the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 111 into the above-mentioned partition areas 112. Further, the acetabular liner 120 is provided with locking bosses 123. The number and positions of the locking bosses 123 correspond one-to-one to the number and positions of the limiting grooves 113. The locking bosses 123 are clamped with the groove walls of the limiting grooves 113, thereby preventing the acetabular liner 120 from rotating relative to the acetabular cup 110.

[0034] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the number of partition areas 112 of each taper is at least two, and at least two partition areas 112 with the same taper are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup 110. For example, in one embodiment, the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 111 forms a first partition area 112a with a first taper and a second partition area 112b with a second taper. The number of both the first partition area 112a and the second partition area 112b is at least two. For example Figure 3 as shown, the number of both the first partition area 112a and the second partition area 112b is four, and the four first partition areas 112a are rotationally symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup 110. Similarly, the four second partition areas 112b are rotationally symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup 110. Further, the first partition area 112a and the second partition area 112b are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the acetabular cup 110. Specifically, the first partition area 112a and the second partition area 112b are alternately arranged one by one along the circumferential direction of the acetabular cup 110. It can also be as Figure 4 shown, two first partition areas 112a and two second partition areas 112b are alternately arranged in pairs along the circumferential direction of the acetabular cup 110.

[0035] Correspondingly, refer to Figure 2 , the acetabular liner 120 includes a first acetabular liner 120a that matches the first partition area 112a and a second acetabular liner 120b that matches the second partition area 112b. The central positions of the articular surfaces 122 of the first acetabular liner 120a and the second acetabular liner 120b are different. Thus, by selecting the first acetabular liner 120a or the second acetabular liner 120b to cooperate with the acetabular cup 110, an acetabular prosthesis 100 with two different central positions of the articular surface 122 can be obtained, and further, the acetabular prosthesis 100 can at least match patients with two different femoral eccentricities.

[0036] Further, in one embodiment, at least two conical surfaces 121 with the same taper are formed on the outer wall of the acetabular liner 120, and the at least two conical surfaces 121 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the acetabular liner 120. Specifically, the number of the conical surfaces 121 on the acetabular liner 120 is the same as the number of the segmentation zones 112 with a matching taper. And the position distribution of the conical surfaces 121 on the acetabular liner 120 also corresponds to the position of the segmentation zones 112 with a matching taper. For example Figure 6 As shown, four second conical surfaces 121b with the same taper are formed on the second acetabular liner 120b, and the four second conical surfaces 121b are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the second acetabular liner 120. Further, the taper of the second conical surfaces 121b is the same as the taper of the second segmentation zones 112b, and the number and position of the second conical surfaces 121b correspond one-to-one to the number and position of the second segmentation zones 112b, so that after the second acetabular liner 120b is installed into the acetabular cup 110, the second conical surfaces 121b can be closely attached to the second segmentation zones 112b. In other embodiments, the outer wall of the acetabular liner 120 may also be formed with a continuous conical surface in the circumferential direction, such as Figure 5 As shown, a continuous first conical surface 121a is formed on the outer wall of the first acetabular liner 120a in the circumferential direction, and the taper of the first conical surface 121a matches the taper of the first segmentation zone 112a, so that after the first acetabular liner 120a is installed into the acetabular cup 110, the first conical surface 121a can be closely attached to the first segmentation zone 112a.

[0037] It should be noted that the taper included in the segmentation zones 112 on the wall of the accommodating cavity 111 of an acetabular cup 110 is not limited to two types, and there can be more types of the taper of the segmentation zones 112, such as three types, four types or more. Correspondingly, the number of acetabular liners 120 that can cooperate with the acetabular cup 110 can also be two, three, four or more, and the centers of the joint surfaces 122 of each acetabular cup 110 are different. Furthermore, by replacing different acetabular liners 120, an acetabular prosthesis 100 with different centers of the joint surfaces 122 can be formed. In addition, the number of the segmentation zones 112 corresponding to each taper is not limited to four in the above embodiments, and can also be two, three, five or more. Correspondingly, as Figure 6 As shown, the number of the conical surfaces 121 on the acetabular liner 120 is the same as the number of the segmentation zones 112 with the same taper, and can also be two, three, four, five or more.

[0038] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , in one embodiment, a recess 124 is formed between two adjacent conical surfaces 121, and the recess 124 is used to avoid the problem that the acetabular liner 120 cannot enter the accommodating cavity 111 caused by the interference between the segmentation zones 112 with different tapers and the conical surfaces 121. For example Figure 6As shown in the figure, on the second acetabular liner 120b, a recess 124 is formed between two adjacent second tapered surfaces 121b. Since the taper of the first segmentation area 112a is different from that of the second tapered surface 121b, when the taper of the first segmentation area 112a is smaller than that of the second tapered surface 121b, the first segmentation area 112a will interfere with the second acetabular liner 120b, resulting in the second acetabular liner 120b being unable to be inserted into the acetabular cup 110. By providing a recess 124 between two adjacent second tapered surfaces 121b, the recess 124 can cause the surface of the second acetabular liner 120b to avoid the first segmentation area 112a. After the second acetabular liner 120b is inserted into the acetabular cup 110, the second segmentation area 112b of the acetabular cup 110 can be closely attached to the second tapered surface 121b of the second acetabular liner 120b, while the first segmentation area 112a of the acetabular cup 110 is attached to or separated from the bottom wall of the recess 124, thereby avoiding interference between the first segmentation area 112a with unequal taper and the second tapered surface 121b, and enabling the second acetabular liner 120b to be successfully inserted into the acetabular cup 110.

[0039] Specifically, the articular surface 122 of the acetabular liner 120 is a hemispherical surface, and the center positions of the articular surfaces 122 of different acetabular liners 120 are different. Specifically, when manufacturing the articular surface 122 of the acetabular liner 120, by offsetting the articular surface 122 in different directions or changing the depth of the articular surface 122 on the acetabular liner 120, the center position of the articular surface 122 can be changed, thereby enabling different acetabular liners 120 to have different centers of the articular surface 122.

[0040] Compared with the traditional locking method using snap rings, the acetabular prosthesis 100 of the present application adopts a taper-locking method, and there is no need to consider the problems of the elasticity and expansion amount of the acetabular liner 120. Therefore, the selection range of materials for the acetabular liner 120 is wider and more flexible. The material of the acetabular liner 120 can be metal, ceramic or plastic, so that patients can freely choose according to their preferences for wear resistance, biocompatibility and price.

[0041] See Figure 1-6 , the embodiment of the present application further provides a hip joint system 10. Specifically. A hip joint system in an embodiment includes a femoral prosthesis and the acetabular prosthesis 100 in any of the above embodiments, and the femoral prosthesis is rotatably connected to the acetabular prosthesis 100. Specifically, the femoral prosthesis includes a femoral stem and a femoral head provided at one end of the femoral stem. The femoral head is disposed within the articular surface 122 to form a rotational connection with the acetabular liner 120.

[0042] The above hip joint system is formed with at least two partition areas 112 having different tapers on the cavity wall of the acetabular cup 110, and a partition area 112 with one taper matches an acetabular liner 120 with one taper, that is, one acetabular cup 110 can match at least two acetabular liners 120, and the centers of the joint surfaces 122 of different acetabular liners 120 are different. Thus, by replacing different acetabular liners 120 to cooperate with the acetabular cup 110, the center position of the joint surface 122 of the acetabular prosthesis 100 can be changed. Since the center of the femoral head overlaps with the center of the acetabular joint surface 122, the center position of the femoral head can be adjusted by changing the center position of the acetabular joint surface 122. In this way, according to the different center positions of the femoral heads of different patients, a suitable acetabular liner 120 can be selected to cooperate with the acetabular cup 110, so as to ensure that the center position of the femoral head of the hip joint system overlaps with the original center position of the femoral head of the patient, making the eccentricity of the hip joint system closer to the eccentricity of the patient himself, and improving the surgical effect. In other words, the above acetabular prosthesis 100 has high versatility and can be applicable to patients with different eccentricities.

[0043] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0044] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An acetabular prosthesis, characterized in that, Comprising: At least two acetabular liners, with different surface tapers for different acetabular liners. Each acetabular liner is provided with an articular surface for cooperating with the femoral head, and the central positions of the articular surfaces of different acetabular liners are different; and, An acetabular cup, provided with a receiving cavity for receiving any one of the acetabular liners. The cavity wall of the receiving cavity is formed with at least two partition areas with different tapers, and one taper of the partition area matches a specific surface taper of the acetabular liner; Wherein, the number of the partition areas of each taper is at least two, and the partition areas with the same taper are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup; A limiting groove is provided between two adjacent partition areas. The acetabular liner is provided with a locking boss, and the locking boss is clamped with the groove wall of the limiting groove; The acetabular liner is formed with at least two conical surfaces with the same taper. The at least two conical surfaces are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular liner, and the positions and numbers of the at least two conical surfaces are the same as those of the matching partition areas; 2. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that A depression is formed between two adjacent conical surfaces.

3. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity wall of the receiving cavity is formed with a first partition area with a first taper and a second partition area with a second taper. The acetabular liner includes a first acetabular liner matching the first partition area and a second acetabular liner matching the second partition area. The central position of the articular surface of the first acetabular liner is different from that of the articular surface of the second acetabular liner.

4. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The numbers of the first partition area and the second partition area are both at least two. The at least two first partition areas are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup, and the at least two second partition areas are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup.

5. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first partition area and the second partition area are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the acetabular cup.

6. An acetabular prosthesis, characterized in that, Comprising: At least two acetabular liners, with different surface tapers for different acetabular liners. Each acetabular liner is provided with an articular surface for cooperating with the femoral head, and the central positions of the articular surfaces of different acetabular liners are different; and, An acetabular cup, provided with a receiving cavity for receiving any one of the acetabular liners. The cavity wall of the receiving cavity is formed with at least two partition areas with different tapers, and one taper of the partition area matches a specific surface taper of the acetabular liner; Wherein, the number of the partition areas of each taper is at least two, and the partition areas with the same taper are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the acetabular cup; A limiting groove is provided between two adjacent partition areas. The acetabular liner is provided with a locking boss, and the locking boss is clamped with the groove wall of the limiting groove; The outer wall of the acetabular liner forms a continuous conical surface along the circumferential direction, and the continuous conical surface cooperates with a partition area with one taper.

7. A hip joint system, characterized in that, Comprising a femoral prosthesis and an acetabular prosthesis as described in any one of claims 1-6 above, and the femoral prosthesis is rotatably connected to the acetabular prosthesis.

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