Organic light emitting device and apparatus including the same

Abstract

An organic light emitting device and a device including the same are provided. The organic light emitting device includes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic layer includes m emission units; and m-1 charge generation units between two adjacent emission units among the m emission units, where m is an integer of 2 or more, and at least one of the m-1 charge generation units includes a heterocyclic compound represented by the following Formula 1: <Formula 1> The substituents in Formula 1 can be understood as described in connection with the DETAILED DESCRIPTION.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0017916, filed on February 13, 2020, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments relate to an organic light-emitting device and an apparatus including the organic light-emitting device. Background Technology

[0003] Compared to devices in the field, organic light-emitting devices are self-emitting devices that generate full-color images and also have wide viewing angles, high contrast, short response times, and excellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed.

[0004] An organic light-emitting device may include a first electrode disposed on a substrate, a hole transport region sequentially disposed on the first electrode, an emitter layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode. Holes supplied from the first electrode can move towards the emitter layer through the hole transport region, and electrons supplied from the second electrode can move towards the emitter layer through the electron transport region. Charge carriers (such as holes and electrons) recombine in the emitter layer to generate excitons. These excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments include an organic light-emitting device and an apparatus including the organic light-emitting device.

[0006] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will also be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosed embodiments.

[0007] According to an embodiment, the organic light-emitting device may include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0008] The organic layer may include emission units and charge generation units disposed between two adjacent emission units within the emission units.

[0009] At least one of the charge-generating units may comprise at least one heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 below:

[0010] <Formula 1>

[0011]

[0012] In equations 1 to 3,

[0013] A1 to A3 can all be independently selected from the groups represented by Formula 2, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C groups.60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2),

[0014] At least one selected from A1 to A3 can be a group represented by Formula 2.

[0015] X1 can be N or C(R) 31 X2 can be N or C(R) 32 X3 can be N or C(R) 33 ),

[0016] At least one of the choices from X1 to X3 can be N.

[0017] L1, L2, L 10 and L 20 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0018] a1, a2, a10, and a20 can each be an independent integer from 0 to 5.

[0019] L3 can be a group represented by Formula 3.

[0020] a3 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0021] Ar1 and Ar2 can both be independently selected from deuterium, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2),

[0022] R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Each can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2),

[0023] From R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Two or more substituents selected from the group may optionally be linked together to form substituted or unsubstituted C5-C. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0024] b10 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0025] b20 can be an integer from 1 to 4.

[0026] *, *', and *” all represent bonding sites with adjacent atoms, and

[0027] Replacement C5-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkyne group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy groups, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, substituted C1-C 60At least one substituent in the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0028] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy

[0029] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, and C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -P(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 Choose at least one of the C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy

[0030] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl

[0031] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, biphenyl, terphenyl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -P(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 Choose at least one of the C3-C options. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl, and

[0032] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31(Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0033] Among them, Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 And Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted with C1-C 60 C6-C of alkyl groups 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0034] In an embodiment, at least one of the charge generating units may include an n-type charge generating layer and a p-type charge generating layer, and the n-type charge generating layer may include the heterocyclic compound.

[0035] In an embodiment, the n-type charge generation layer may further include an electron transport compound.

[0036] In the embodiments, the n-type charge generation layer may further include alkali metals or lanthanides.

[0037] In an embodiment, each of the emission units may include an emission layer, and the emission layer may include a body and a dopant.

[0038] In an embodiment, at least one of the emitting units can emit blue light having a maximum emission wavelength in the range of about 410 nm to about 490 nm.

[0039] In an embodiment, at least one of the emitting units can emit green light having a maximum emission wavelength in the range of about 490 nm to about 580 nm.

[0040] In an embodiment, each of the transmitting units may further include a hole transport region and an electron transport region. The hole transport region may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a buffer layer, a transmission aid layer, and an electron blocking layer. The electron transport region may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0041] In the embodiments, the electron transport compound may be a metal-free compound comprising a nitrogen-containing ring with at least one π-electron-poor structure.

[0042] According to an embodiment, the device may include a substrate, an organic light-emitting device disposed on the substrate, and a color conversion layer disposed in at least one direction of travel of light emitted from the organic light-emitting device. The color conversion layer may include quantum dots. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of the disclosed embodiments will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0044] Figures 1 to 3 All are schematic cross-sectional views of organic light-emitting devices according to embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Referring now to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals always denote the same elements. In this respect, embodiments may take different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Therefore, the embodiments are described below only with reference to the accompanying drawings to explain the aspects described.

[0046] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, “A and / or B” can be understood to mean “A, B, or A and B”. The terms “and” and “or” can be used in a combined or separate sense and can be understood as equivalent to “and / or”. Throughout the disclosure, the expression “at least one of A, B, and C” can mean only A, only B, only C, both A and B, both A and C, both B and C, all of A, B, and C, or variations thereof.

[0047] For the purpose of understanding and interpreting the term "at least one of...", the term "at least one of..." is intended to include the meaning of "at least one selected from the group consisting of...". For example, "at least one of A and B" can be understood as "A, B, or A and B". When the term "at least one of..." follows a column of elements, it modifies the entire column of elements, rather than individual elements within that column.

[0048] The disclosed embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical or corresponding components will be indicated by the same reference numerals, and therefore redundant descriptions will be omitted.

[0049] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “one,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms.

[0050] It will also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” and / or “containing” as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or components.

[0051] It will be understood that when a layer, region, or component is referred to as being "on" or "to" another layer, region, or component, that layer, region, or component may be formed directly or indirectly on said other layer, region, or component. For example, intermediate layers, regions, or components may exist.

[0052] Given the measurements under discussion and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system), as used herein, “about” or “approximately” includes the stated value and indicates an acceptable deviation from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0053] For ease of illustration, the dimensions of the elements in the accompanying drawings may be exaggerated. In other words, since the dimensions and thicknesses of the components in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for ease of illustration, the following disclosed embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0054] [ Figures 1 to 3 [Description]

[0055] Figures 1 to 3 Schematic cross-sectional views of the organic light-emitting device 10 according to the embodiments are shown in both images.

[0056] The organic light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, a second electrode 190 facing the first electrode 110, and an organic layer 150 between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 190, wherein the organic layer 150 includes m emitting units; and

[0057] m-1 charge generating units, between two adjacent emitter units among the m emitter units.

[0058] As used herein, the term "organic layer" refers to a single layer and / or all layers between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 190 of the organic light-emitting device 10. Materials included in the "organic layer" are not limited to organic materials.

[0059] In the following text, we will combine Figure 1 The structure of the organic light-emitting device 10 according to the embodiment and the method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting device 10 are described.

[0060] In the embodiments, m can be an integer of 2 or greater.

[0061] In the embodiments, m can be an integer from 2 to 5. For example, m can be 2, 3, or 4.

[0062] Figure 1 An organic light-emitting device 10 is shown in an embodiment where m is 2, wherein the organic light-emitting device 10 includes two emitting units and one charge-generating unit. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The organic light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, a first emitting unit 131 on the first electrode 110, a first charge generating unit 151 on the first emitting unit 131, a second emitting unit 132 on the first charge generating unit 151, and a second electrode 190 on the second emitting unit 132.

[0063] Figure 2 An organic light-emitting device 10 is shown in an embodiment where m is 3, wherein the organic light-emitting device 10 includes three emitting units and two charge-generating units. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The organic light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, a first emitting unit 131 on the first electrode 110, a first charge generating unit 151 on the first emitting unit 131, a second emitting unit 132 on the first charge generating unit 151, a second charge generating unit 152 on the second emitting unit 132, a third emitting unit 133 on the second charge generating unit 152, and a second electrode 190 on the third emitting unit 133.

[0064] Figure 3 An organic light-emitting device 10 is shown in an embodiment where m is 4, wherein the organic light-emitting device 10 includes four emitting units and three charge-generating units. (Refer to...) Figure 3The organic light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, a first emitting unit 131 on the first electrode 110, a first charge generating unit 151 on the first emitting unit 131, a second emitting unit 132 on the first charge generating unit 151, a second charge generating unit 152 on the second emitting unit 132, a third emitting unit 133 on the second charge generating unit 152, a third charge generating unit 153 on the third emitting unit 133, a fourth emitting unit 134 on the third charge generating unit 153, and a second electrode 190 on the fourth emitting unit 134.

[0065] At least one of the m-1 charge-generating units may include a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 below.

[0066] At least one of the m-1 charge generating units may include an n-type charge generating layer, and the n-type charge generating layer may include a heterocyclic compound.

[0067] Heterocyclic compounds can be understood by referring to the relevant descriptions that will be presented later.

[0068] In an embodiment, the n-type charge generation layer may further include an electron transport compound.

[0069] Electron transport compounds can be understood by referring to the description of electron transport compounds in the electron transport region, which will be presented later.

[0070] For example, the term "electron transport compound" as used herein can refer to a metal-free compound that includes at least one π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring (or a π-electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring).

[0071] In the embodiments, the electron transport compound may be different from the heterocyclic compound.

[0072] When the n-type charge generation layer includes heterocyclic compounds and electron transport compounds that enhance electron transport performance by reducing intermolecular control, free volumes can be generated due to crystallization that may partially occur at the interface of the n-type charge generation layer, leading to the creation of electron trapping sites. Regarding the construction of the charge generation layer, when electron transport compounds and heterocyclic compounds are combined and arranged in the n-type charge generation layer, crystallization occurring at the interface between the electron transport region and the charge generation unit can be controlled, thus improving the interface morphology to a more uniform form. Therefore, charge flow in organic light-emitting devices can be improved, thereby reducing the driving voltage.

[0073] In the embodiments, the n-type charge generation layer may further include alkali metals or lanthanides.

[0074] For example, the n-type charge generation layer may also include lithium (Li) or ytterbium (Yb).

[0075] In the embodiments, in the n-type charge generation layer, the weight ratio of the heterocyclic compound to the alkali metal or lanthanide metal can be in the range of about 99.9:0.1 to about 90:10.

[0076] When the n-type charge-generating layer is doped with an alkali metal or a lanthanide metal, the metal can form a complex with the nitrogen (N) atoms of the heterocyclic compound included in the n-type charge-generating layer, resulting in a LUMO level lower than the energy level of the heterocyclic compound. In this respect, suitable energy levels can be generated between adjacent layers (such as an electron transport layer and a p-type charge-generating layer), and the energy barrier between these two layers can be reduced. Therefore, the charge generated from the p-type charge-generating layer can be easily transferred to the electron transport layer.

[0077] In an embodiment, the charge generation unit may further include a p-type charge generation layer.

[0078] In this embodiment, the p-type charge generation layer can be used by doping an organic material including strongly electron-withdrawing groups to promote charge generation. The charge generation material can be understood by referring to the description of the charge generation material included in the hole transport region, which will be presented later.

[0079] In an embodiment, each of the m emitter units may include an emitter layer, and the emitter layer may include a host and a dopant. The host and dopant included in the emitter layer can be understood by referring to the description of the host and dopant included in the emitter layer, which will be presented later.

[0080] According to an embodiment, at least one of the m emitting units can emit blue light with a maximum emission wavelength of about 410 nm to about 490 nm.

[0081] For example, the organic light-emitting device 10 may be a tandem blue organic light-emitting device in which each of the m emitting units emits blue light with a maximum emission wavelength of about 410 nm to about 490 nm.

[0082] In an embodiment, at least one of the m emitting units can emit green light with a maximum emission wavelength of about 490 nm to about 580 nm.

[0083] In this embodiment, the organic light-emitting device 10 is assumed to include three emitting units, which are referred to as the first emitting unit, the second emitting unit, and the third emitting unit, starting from the one closest to the first electrode 110. The first emitting unit can emit blue light, the second emitting unit can emit green light, and the third emitting unit can emit blue light. In this embodiment, the first emitting unit can emit blue light, the second emitting unit can emit blue light, and the third emitting unit can emit green light.

[0084] In this embodiment, the organic light-emitting device 10 is assumed to include four emitting units, which are referred to as the first emitting unit, the second emitting unit, the third emitting unit, and the fourth emitting unit, starting from the one closest to the first electrode 110. The first emitting unit emits blue light, the second emitting unit emits blue light, the third emitting unit emits green light, and the fourth emitting unit emits blue light. In this embodiment, the first emitting unit emits blue light, the second emitting unit emits blue light, the third emitting unit emits blue light, and the fourth emitting unit emits green light.

[0085] In this embodiment, each of the m transmitting units may further include a hole transport region and an electron transport region.

[0086] The hole transport region may include at least one selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a buffer layer, an emission assist layer, and an electron blocking layer, and

[0087] The electron transport region may include at least one selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0088] Regarding the stacking order of the emission units, the hole transport region, emission layer, and electron transport region can be stacked from the first electrode 110 in the order stated herein.

[0089] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer may directly contact the n-type charge generation layer of the charge generation unit.

[0090] In an embodiment, each of the n-type charge generation layer and the electron transport layer may further include an electron transport compound. In an embodiment, the electron transport compound included in the n-type charge generation layer and the electron transport compound included in the electron transport layer may be the same as or different from each other.

[0091] Heterocyclic compounds can be represented by the following formula 1:

[0092] <Formula 1>

[0093]

[0094] In Formula 1, A1 to A3 can all be independently selected from the groups represented by Formula 2, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C groups. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), and

[0095] At least one of the groups selected from A1 to A3 can be a group represented by Formula 2.

[0096] In the embodiments, one of A1 to A3 may be a group represented by Formula 2, and

[0097] The remaining substituents can all be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups.

[0098] In the embodiments, one of A1 to A3 may be a group represented by Formula 2, and

[0099] The remaining substituents can all be independently selected from:

[0100] Methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl;

[0101] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 (e.g., C2-C) 60 The aryl group selected from at least one of the following: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl.

[0102] Phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl; and

[0103] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 (e.g., C2-C) 60 The aryl group is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.

[0104] In Equation 2, X1 can be N or C(R) 31 X2 can be N or C(R) 32 X3 can be N or C(R) 33 ), and at least one of X1 to X3 can be N.

[0105] In the embodiments, at least one of X1 to X3 can be N.

[0106] In the embodiments, the two substituents in X1 to X3 can be N.

[0107] In the embodiment, X1 to X3 can all be N.

[0108] In equations 1 to 3, L1, L2, L 10 and L 20 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups.

[0109] In the embodiments, in Equations 1 to 3, L1, L2, L 10 and L 20 Each can be independently selected from:

[0110] Phenylidene, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptadienyl, adafenyl, acenaphthyl, fluorene, spirodifluorene, spirofluorenebenzofluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenenyl, anthracene, fluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenenyl, pyrene, phenenyl alkyl, tetraphenyl, purinyl, perylene, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubinyl, benzoyl, oleophyl, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridinyl, isopyridinyl, isindolyl, indoleyl, indazoleyl, purinelyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalyl Linyl, quinazolinyl, cenyl, carbazolyl, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiaphenyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, and imidazopyrimidinyl; and

[0111] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indoleyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentofenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindoleyl, indoleyl, indazoleyl, purinel, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazole Linyl, cenyl, carbazole, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, isobenzothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, isobenzooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q)31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenylene, cyclopentadienylene, indenylene, naphthylene, chamomilecycloylene, heptadienylene, adaninylene, fluoreneylene, spirodifluoreneylene, spirofluorenebenzofluoreneylene, benzo[a]fluoreneylene, dibenzo[a]fluoreneylene, phenanthroline, anthraceneylene, fluoranthroline, benzo[9,10]phenanthroline, pyreneylene, etc. alkyl, tetraphenyl, purinyl, perylene, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubinyl, benzoyl, oleophyl, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridinyl, isopyridinyl, isindolyl, indolyl, indolyl, purinelyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinine Oxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, carbazoyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, isobenzooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiaphenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, and imidazopyrimidineyl.

[0112] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, and substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl groups including phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, and isoquinolinyl.

[0113] In the embodiment, L1, L2, L 10 and L 20 Each can be independently represented by one of the following formulas 3-1 to 3-99:

[0114]

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] In equations 3-1 to 3-99

[0118] Y1 can be O, S, C(Z3)(Z4), N(Z5), or Si(Z6)(Z7).

[0119] Z1 to Z7 can all be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indoleyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentofenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indoleyl, isoydinolyl, indazoleyl, purinel, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxalinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidine Azolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiopyrrolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, isobenzooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzothiopyrrolyl, carbazoleyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, benzonaphthidyl, azafluorenyl, azaspirodifluorenyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzothiopyrrolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0120] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from:

[0121] C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl; and

[0122] All replace C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 The phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl groups selected from alkoxy and phenyl groups.

[0123] d2 can be an integer from 0 to 2.

[0124] d3 can be an integer from 0 to 3.

[0125] d4 can be an integer from 0 to 4.

[0126] d5 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0127] d6 can be an integer from 0 to 6.

[0128] d8 can be an integer from 0 to 8, and

[0129] Both * and *' indicate bonding sites with adjacent atoms.

[0130] In Equations 1 to 3, a1, a2, a10, and a20 can each be an integer from 0 to 5 independently.

[0131] In Formula 2, L3 can be a group represented by Formula 3.

[0132] In the embodiments, L3 may be a group represented by one of the following formulas 4-1 to 4-3:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, in equations 4-1 to 4-3,

[0135] L 20 a20, R 20 b20 can be the same as described by combination 3, and

[0136] Both *' and *” indicate a bonding site with an adjacent atom.

[0137] In Equation 2, a3 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0138] In Equation 2, Ar1 and Ar2 can both be independently selected from deuterium, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2).

[0139] In the embodiments, Ar1 and Ar2 can both be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C6-C. 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl thiols and substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Mixed aromatic compounds.

[0140] In the embodiments, Ar1 and Ar2 can each be independently selected from:

[0141] Deuterium; and

[0142] A group represented by one of the following formulas: 5-1 to 5-26 and 6-1 to 6-55:

[0143]

[0144]

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] In equations 5-1 to 5-26 and equations 6-1 to 6-55,

[0148] Y 31 and Y 32 Each can be independently represented as O, S, C(Z) 33 (Z) 34 ), N(Z 33 ) or Si(Z 33 (Z) 34 ),

[0149] Z 31 To Z 34Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl, C2-C 20 Alkyne group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, carbazoleyl, and triazineyl.

[0150] e2 can be 1 or 2.

[0151] e3 can be an integer from 1 to 3.

[0152] e4 can be an integer from 1 to 4.

[0153] e5 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0154] e6 can be an integer from 1 to 6.

[0155] e7 can be an integer from 1 to 7.

[0156] e9 can be an integer from 1 to 9, and

[0157] * indicates a bonding site with an adjacent atom.

[0158] In the embodiments, Ar1 and Ar2 can each be independently selected from:

[0159] Phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl; and

[0160] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 (For example, C2-C) 60 The aryl group is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.

[0161] In equations 1 to 3, R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Each can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2).

[0162] In the embodiment, R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Each can be independently selected from:

[0163] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, cyano, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0164] All are substituted with at least one of the C1-C groups selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, cyano, phenyl, and biphenyl. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0165] Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, indoleyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentaphenyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, indazoleyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[quinolinyl], isobenzo[quinolinyl], phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[quinoxalinyl], quinazolinyl, benzo[quinoxalinyl], phenanthridyl, acridineyl, phenanthrololinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzo[furanyl], benzo[thiophenyl], benzo[thiophenyl], isobenzo[thiophenyl], benzo[oxazolyl], isobenzo[oxazolyl] Triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, naphthobenzofuranyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dinaphthofuranyl, dinaphthothiophenyl, dinaphthothiophenyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidyl, oxazolopyridyl, thiazopyridyl, benzonaphidyl, azafluorenyl, azaspirodifluorenyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, indolepyrrolyl, indolopyrrolyl, indolecarbazoleyl and indolocarbazoleyl;

[0166] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, cyano, and C1-C. 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, indane, acenaphthel, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentaphenyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, indazoleyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[quinolinyl], isobenzo[quinolinyl], phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[quinoxalinyl], quinazolinyl, benzo[quinoxalinyl], phenazinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrolyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzo[furanyl], benzo[thiophenyl], benzo[thiophenyl], isobenzo[thiophenyl], benzo[oxazolyl], isobenzo[oxazolyl], triazole Tetraazolyl, Thiadiazolyl, Oxadiazolyl, Triazinyl, Carbazoleyl, Dibenzofuranyl, Dibenzothiophenyl, Dibenzothiophenyl, Benzocarbazoyl, Naphthobenzofuranyl, Naphthobenzothiophenyl, Naphthobenzothiophenyl, Dibenzocarbazoyl, Dinaphthofuranyl, Dinaphthothiophenyl, Dinaphthothiophenyl, Imidazolylpyridinyl, Imidazolylpyrimidinyl, Oxadiazolylpyridinyl, Thiazolylpyridinyl, Benzonaphidinyl, Azafluorenyl, Azaspirodifluorenyl, Azacarbazoyl, Azadibenzofuranyl, Azadibenzothiophenyl, Azadibenzothiophenyl, Indopyrroleyl, Indopyrroleyl, Indopyrazoleyl, Indopyrazoleyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 -P(=O)(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) and -P(=S)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, indaryl, acenaphthel, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentaphenyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, indazoleyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[quinolinyl], isobenzo[quinolinyl], phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[quinoxalinyl], quinazolinyl, benzo[quinoxalinyl], phenanthrinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrololinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzo[furanyl], benzo[thiophenyl], benzo[thiophenyl], isobenzo[thiophenyl], benzo[oxazolyl], isobenzo[oxazolyl], tri... Azolyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, naphthobenzofuranyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl, naphthobenzothiophenyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dinaphthofuranyl, dinaphthothiophenyl, dinaphthothiophenyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidyl, oxazolopyridyl, thiazopyridyl, benzonaphidyl, azafluorenyl, azaspirodifluorenyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, indolepyrrolyl, indolopyrrolyl, indolecarbazoleyl and indolocarbazoleyl; and

[0167] -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -B(Q1)(Q2), -N(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2) and -P(=S)(Q1)(Q2),

[0168] Among them, Q1 to Q3 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from:

[0169] C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl; and

[0170] All replace C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 The phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl groups selected from alkoxy and phenyl groups.

[0171] In the embodiment, R 10 and R 20 Each can be independently selected from:

[0172] Methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl;

[0173] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 (For example, C2-C) 60 The aryl group selected from at least one of the following: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl.

[0174] Phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl; and

[0175] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 (For example, C2-C) 60 The aryl group is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.

[0176] In equations 1 to 3, R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Any two or more substituents may optionally connect to each other to form substituted or unsubstituted C5-C. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0177] In the embodiment, R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Any two or more substituents may optionally be linked to each other to form benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, spirofluorene, indene, pyrrole, thiophene, furan, imidazole, pyrazole, thiazole, isothiazole, oxazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzo[a]quinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, carbazole, benzimidazole, benzo[a]furan, benzo[a]thiophene, isobenzo[a]thiophene, benzo[a]oxazole, isobenzo[a]oxazole, triazole, oxadiazole, triazine, dibenzo[a]furan, or dibenzo[a]thiophene; or

[0178] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, cyano, and C1-C. 60The alkyl group selected from at least one of benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, spirofluorene, indene, pyrrole, thiophene, furan, imidazole, pyrazole, thiazole, isothiazole, oxazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, carbazole, benzimidazole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, isobenzothiophene, benzoxazole, isobenzoxazole, triazole, oxadiazole, triazine, dibenzofuran, or dibenzothiophene.

[0179] In Equations 1 to 3, b10 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0180] In Equations 1 to 3, b20 can be an integer from 1 to 4.

[0181] In the embodiment, a10 can be 0, R 10 It can be hydrogen. For example, -[(L 10 ) a10 -R 10 ] b10 It can represent hydrogen.

[0182] In the embodiment, a20 can be 0, R 20 It can be hydrogen. For example, -[(L 20 ) a20 -R 20 ] b20 It can represent hydrogen.

[0183] In the embodiment, a10 and a20 can both be 0, R 10 and R 20 Both can be hydrogen. For example, -[(L 10 ) a10 -R 10 ] b10 and -[(L 20 ) a20 -R 20 ] b20 Both can represent hydrogen.

[0184] In Equations 1 to 3, *, *', and *” all represent bonding sites with adjacent atoms.

[0185] Replacement C5-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60Hybrid aryl, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkyne group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy groups, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent in the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0186] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy

[0187] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, and C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -P(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12Choose at least one of the C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0188] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl;

[0189] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, biphenyl, terphenyl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -P(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 Choose at least one of the C3-C options. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl; and

[0190] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0191] Among them, Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 And Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted with C1-C 60 C6-C of alkyl groups 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0192] In the embodiments, the heterocyclic compound may be represented by one of the following formulas 11-1 to 11-3:

[0193] <Formula 11-1>

[0194]

[0195] <Formula 11-2>

[0196]

[0197] <Formula 11-3>

[0198]

[0199] In equations 11-1 to 11-3,

[0200] A1 to A3 are the same as those described in combination formula 1.

[0201] X1 to X3, L1 to L3, a1 to a3, Ar1 and Ar2 are the same as those described in combination 2, and R 11 To R 15 It can be combined with R 10 The descriptions are the same.

[0202] In the embodiments, the heterocyclic compound may be represented by one of the following formulas 12-1 to 12-12:

[0203]

[0204]

[0205] In equations 12-1 to 12-12,

[0206] A1 to A3 are the same as those described in combination formula 1.

[0207] X1 to X3, L1, L2, Ar1 and Ar2 are the same as those described in combination 2.

[0208] L 31 To L 33 It can be the same as that described in conjunction with L3, and

[0209] R 11 To R 15 It can be combined with R 10 The descriptions are the same.

[0210] In the embodiments, the heterocyclic compound may be selected from compounds 1 to 42 below:

[0211]

[0212]

[0213]

[0214] The heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 has a structure in which the 2- and 9-positions of the phenanthrene core are substituted. Therefore, the 2- and 9-position substitutions, which are prone to degradation caused by negative polarons in organic light-emitting devices, result in excellent structural stability of the compound itself.

[0215]

[0216] The heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 has a low (deep) LUMO energy level, which reduces the energy barrier at the interface with the p-type charge generation layer, thereby suppressing the degradation at the interface.

[0217] The heterocyclic compounds represented by Formula 1 possess excellent electron transport capabilities. Based on the aforementioned structure, these compounds can increase the electron mobility in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), thus preventing efficiency degradation under low-current conditions. Furthermore, the charge balance in OLEDs can be appropriately adjusted under high-current conditions, thereby improving the lifetime and efficiency of the OLEDs.

[0218] [First Electrode 110]

[0219] exist Figure 1 In this process, the substrate can be additionally disposed below the first electrode 110 or above the second electrode 190. The substrate can be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, both of which have excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and water resistance.

[0220] The first electrode 110 can be formed by depositing or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on a substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 can be selected from materials with high work function to facilitate hole injection.

[0221] The first electrode 110 can be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 can be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combination thereof, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. In the embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 can be selected from magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), and any combination thereof, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0222] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers. For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited to this.

[0223] [Organic layer 150]

[0224] An organic layer 150 is disposed on the first electrode 110. The organic layer 150 may include an emitter layer.

[0225] The organic layer 150 may also include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emitter layer and an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode 190.

[0226] [Hole transport region in organic layer 150]

[0227] The hole transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure, comprising a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure, comprising a single layer containing different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure, comprising multiple layers containing different materials.

[0228] The hole transport region may include at least one selected from the hole injection layer, hole transport layer, buffer layer, emission assist layer and electron blocking layer.

[0229] For example, the hole transport region can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The single-layer structure includes a single layer containing different materials, and the multi-layer structure has a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure. For each structure, the layers are stacked sequentially from the first electrode 110 in the order stated therein, but the structure of the hole transport region is not limited to this.

[0230] In embodiments, the hole transport region may include at least one selected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), compounds represented by Formula 201 below, and compounds represented by Formula 202 below:

[0231]

[0232] <Form 201>

[0233]

[0234] <Form 202>

[0235]

[0236] In equations 201 and 202,

[0237] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0238] L 205 It can be selected from *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0239] xa1 to xa4 can each be an independent integer from 0 to 3.

[0240] xa5 can be an integer from 1 to 10, and

[0241] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups.

[0242] For example, in equation 202, R 201 and R 202 They can be optionally linked to each other via single bonds, dimethyl-methylene, or diphenyl-methylene, and R 203 and R 204 They can be optionally linked to each other via single bonds, dimethyl-methylene, or diphenyl-methylene.

[0243] In the embodiments, in equations 201 and 202,

[0244] L 201 To L 205 Each can be independently selected from:

[0245] Phenylidene, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptadienyl, adafenyl, acenaphthene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenenyl, anthracene, fluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenenyl, pyrene, phenylene alkyl, tetraphenyl, purylene, perylene, pentaphenylene, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, rubidylene, benzoylene, oleophylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoydinolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene; and

[0246] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl phenyl, substituted -F phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 ) and -N(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenylene, cyclopentadienylene, indenylene, naphthylene, chamomilecycloylene, heptadienylene, adaninylene, fluoreneylene, spirodifluoreneylene, benzo[9,10]fluoreneylene, dibenzo[9,10]fluoreneylene, phenanthroline, anthraceneylene, fluoranthroline, benzo[9,10]phenanthroline, pyreneylene, etc. alkyl, tetraphenyl, arbutinyl, perylene, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidinyl, benzoyl, oleophyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoydinolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiophene, and pyridylyl.

[0247] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0248] In the embodiments, xa1 to xa4 can each be independently 0, 1 or 2.

[0249] In the embodiments, xa5 can be 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0250] In the embodiment, R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently selected from:

[0251] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoydinoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and pyridyl; and

[0252] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl phenyl, substituted -F phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 ) and -N(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indoleyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentylenetyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl.

[0253] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Same as described above.

[0254] In the embodiment, R from equation 201 201 To R 203 At least one of the selected items can be independently selected from:

[0255] Fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl; and

[0256] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 The alkyl group of phenyl, the phenyl group substituted with -F, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl and dibenzothiopheneyl are selected from at least one of the following: fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazole, dibenzofuranyl and dibenzothiopheneyl.

[0257] However, the embodiments are not limited to this.

[0258] In the embodiment, in equation 202, i)R 201 and R 202 They can be connected to each other via a single key, and / or ii)R 203 and R 204 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0259] In the embodiment, R in formula 202 201 To R 204 It can be selected from:

[0260] Carbazolyl; and

[0261] Substitutions include deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 The carbazoyl group selected from at least one of the following: alkyl phenyl, phenyl substituted with -F, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, carbazoyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl.

[0262] However, the embodiments are not limited to this.

[0263] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 can be represented by the following formula 201A:

[0264] <Form 201A>

[0265]

[0266] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by the following formula 201A(1), but the embodiments are not limited thereto:

[0267] <Formula 201A(1)>

[0268]

[0269] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by the following formula 201A-1, but the embodiments are not limited thereto:

[0270] <Form 201A-1>

[0271]

[0272] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by the following formula 202A:

[0273] <Form 202A>

[0274]

[0275] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by the following formula 202A-1:

[0276] <Formula 202A-1>

[0277]

[0278] In Equations 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1,

[0279] L 201 To L 203 xa1 to xa3, xa5 and R 202 To R 204 Same as described above,

[0280] R 211 and R 212 It can be combined with R 203 The descriptions are the same, and

[0281] R 213 To R 217 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, substituted with C1-C 10 Alkyl phenyl, substituted -F phenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indene, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indaneyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene alkyl, tetraphenyl, furanyl, perylene, pentyranyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, leucophenyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoyl, dibenzocarbazoyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and pyridyl.

[0282] The hole transport region may include at least one compound selected from compounds HT1 to HT39, but the compounds included in the hole transport region are not limited to these:

[0283]

[0284]

[0285]

[0286] The thickness of the hole transport region can be approximately 100 angstroms. to approximately Within a certain range. For example, the thickness of the hole transport region can be approximately... to approximately Within the range. When the hole transport region includes at least one selected from the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be approximately to approximately Within a certain range, and the thickness of the hole transport layer can be approximately [missing information]. to approximately Within a certain range. For example, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be approximately... to approximately Within a certain range. For example, the thickness of the hole transport layer can be approximately... to approximately Within these ranges, excellent hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the hole transport region, hole injection layer, and hole transport layer thickness are all within these ranges.

[0287] The emission assist layer can improve luminous efficiency by compensating for the optical resonant distance according to the wavelength of the light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block the flow of electrons from the electron transport region. The emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer can include the aforementioned materials.

[0288] [p-doped]

[0289] The hole transport region may include a charge-generating material and the aforementioned materials to improve the conductivity of the hole transport region. The charge-generating material may be substantially uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region.

[0290] Charge-generating materials can include, for example, p-doped agents.

[0291] In the embodiments, the LUMO level of the p-doped agent can be -3.5 eV or less.

[0292] p-dopers may include at least one selected from quinone derivatives, metal oxides, and cyano-containing compounds, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0293] In the embodiments, the p-doper may include at least one selected from the following compounds:

[0294] Quinone derivatives, such as tetracyanoquinone dimethyl (TCNQ) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinone dimethyl (F4-TCNQ);

[0295] Metal oxides, such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide;

[0296] 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazabenzophenanthrene-hexanitrile (HAT-CN); and

[0297] The compound represented by the following formula 221,

[0298] However, the embodiments are not limited to this:

[0299]

[0300] <Formula 221>

[0301]

[0302] In Equation 221,

[0303] R 221 To R 223 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, and from R 221 To R 223 At least one of the selected groups may have a C1-C group substituted with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, or -F. 20 Alkyl groups, C1-C substituted with -Cl 20 Alkyl groups, C1-C substituted with -Br 20 Alkyl groups and substituted C1-C groups with -I 20 At least one substituent selected from alkyl groups.

[0304] [The launch layer in the launch unit]

[0305] When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organic light-emitting device, the emission layer can be patterned as a red emission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer, depending on the sub-pixel. In an embodiment, the emission layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from red, green, and blue emission layers, wherein the two or more layers are in contact with or separated from each other. In an embodiment, the emission layer may include two or more materials selected from red, green, and blue luminescent materials, wherein the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0306] The emitting layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include at least one selected from phosphorescent dopant and fluorescent dopant.

[0307] Based on approximately 100 parts by weight of the substrate, the amount of dopant in the emitter layer can range from approximately 0.01 parts by weight to approximately 15 parts by weight, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0308] The thickness of the emission layer can be approximately to approximately Within the range. In an embodiment, the thickness of the emitting layer can be approximately... to approximately Within the scope or in the approximate to approximately Within these ranges, improved light emission characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the thickness of the emitting layer is within any of these ranges.

[0309] [The main body in the emission layer]

[0310] In an embodiment, the body may include a compound represented by the following formula 301:

[0311] <Formula 301>

[0312] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 .

[0313] In Equation 301,

[0314] Ar 301 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0315] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0316] L 301It can be selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0317] xb1 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0318] R 301 It can be selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 ) and -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),and

[0319] xb21 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0320] Among them, Q 301 To Q303 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0321] In the embodiment, Ar in formula 301 301 It can be selected from:

[0322] Naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, penfenyl, indanethenyl, dibenzofuranyl and dibenzothiophenyl; and

[0323] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyreneyl, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, peryl, penfenyl, indanethenyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiophenyl,

[0324] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0325] When xb11 in equation 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0326] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 301 may be represented by formula 301-1 or formula 301-2 as follows:

[0327] <Formula 301-1>

[0328]

[0329] <Formula 301-2>

[0330]

[0331] In Equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0332] A 301 To A 304 All can be independently selected from benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, Pyridine, pyrimidine, indene, fluorene, spirofluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, indole, carbazole, benzo[a]carbazole, dibenzo[a]carbazole, furan, benzo[a]furan, dibenzo[a]furan, naphthofuran, benzo[naphthofuran]furan, dinaphthofuran, thiophene, benzo[a]thiophene, dibenzo[a]thiophene, naphtho[a]thiophene, benzo[naphtho[a]thiophene and dinaphtho[a]thiophene.

[0333] X 301 It can be O, S or N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ],

[0334] R 311 To R 314 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0335] xb22 and xb23 can each be independently 0, 1, or 2.

[0336] L 301 xb1, R 301 and Q 31 To Q 33 Same as described above,

[0337] L 302 To L 304 They can all independently bind with L 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0338] xb2 to xb4 can all be independently identical to those described in conjunction with xb1, and

[0339] R 302 To R 304 They can all independently bind with R 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0340] For example, L in Equations 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 To L 304 Each can be independently selected from:

[0341] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorenylanethyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, phenanthrene Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthrenediyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-rheinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl; and

[0342] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazole, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridinyl Azinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthracene, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl , pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthreneridinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-pyridinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl,

[0343] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Same as described above.

[0344] In the embodiments, R in Equations 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 To R 304 Each can be independently selected from:

[0345] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; and

[0346] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazole, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridinyl Azinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyreneyl, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl.

[0347] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Same as described above.

[0348] In the embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may be selected from Be complexes (e.g., compound H55), Mg complexes, and Zn complexes.

[0349] The main body may include at least one selected from 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazolyl-9-yl)benzene (TCP) and compounds H1 to H56, but the examples are not limited thereto:

[0350]

[0351]

[0352]

[0353] [Including phosphorescent dopants in the emitter layer]

[0354] Phosphorescent dopants may include organometallic complexes represented by the following formula 401:

[0355] <Formula 401>

[0356] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402) xc2

[0357] <Formula 402>

[0358]

[0359] In Equations 401 and 402,

[0360] M can be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm).

[0361] L 401 The ligand can be represented by Equation 402, and xc1 can be 1, 2, or 3, wherein when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more L... 401 They can be the same or different from each other.

[0362] L 402 It can be an organic ligand, and xc2 can be an integer from 0 to 4, where when xc2 can be 2 or greater, two or more L 402 They can be the same or different from each other.

[0363] X 401 To X 404 They can each be nitrogen or carbon independently.

[0364] X 401 and X 403 They can be connected to each other via single or double bonds, X 402 and X 404 They can be connected to each other via single or double bonds.

[0365] A 401 and A 402 Each can be independently C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0366] X 405 It can be a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q) 411 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 ) = *' or * = C = *', where Q 411 and Q 412 It can be hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-C. 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl,

[0367] X 406 It can be a single bond, O, or S.

[0368] R 401 and R 402 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), where Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, C6-C 20 Aryl and C1-C 20 Mixed aromatics,

[0369] xc11 and xc12 can both be independent integers from 0 to 10, and

[0370] In Equation 402, * and *' both represent the binding position with M in Equation 401.

[0371] In the embodiment, A in formula 402 401 and A 402It can be independently selected from benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, indene, pyrrole, thiophene, furan, imidazole, pyrazole, thiazole, isothiazole, oxazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, carbazole, benzimidazole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, isobenzothiophene, benzoxazole, isobenzoxazole, triazole, tetraazole, oxadiazole, triazine, dibenzofuran, and dibenzothiophene.

[0372] In the embodiment, in equation 402, i)X 401 It can be nitrogen, X 402 It can be carbon, or ii)X 401 and X 402 Both can be nitrogen.

[0373] In the embodiment, R in formula 402 401 and R 402 Each can be independently selected from:

[0374] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0375] All are substituted with at least one of the following C1-C groups selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, phenyl, naphthyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, and norbornyl. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0376] Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiophenyl;

[0377] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20The cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl groups selected from at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl groups; and

[0378] -Si(Q 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0379] Among them, Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, and naphthyl groups, but the examples are not limited to these.

[0380] In an embodiment, when xc1 in equation 401 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401 The two A's in 401 Optionally via X as a linker 407 Connected to each other, two A's 402 Optionally via X as a linker 408 They are interconnected (see compounds PD1 through PD4 and PD7 below). X 407 and X 408 They can all be independent single bonds, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q) 413 )-*'、*-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-*' or *-C(Q 413 )=C(Q 414 )-*'(where Q 413 and Q 414 They can all be independently hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-C 20Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl or naphthyl), but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0381] L in Equation 401 402 It can be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organic ligand. For example, L... 402 It may be selected from halogens, diketones (e.g., acetylacetone (compound)), carboxylic acids (e.g., pyridinecarboxylic acid (salt)), -C (=O), isonitriles, -CN and phosphorus-containing substances (e.g., phosphine or phosphorous acid (salt)), but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0382] In the embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may be selected from, for example, compounds PD1 to PD25 listed below, but the embodiments are not limited thereto:

[0383]

[0384] [Including fluorescent dopants in the emitter layer]

[0385] Fluorescent dopants may include arylamine compounds or styreneamine compounds.

[0386] Fluorescent dopants may include compounds represented by the following formula 501:

[0387] <Form 501>

[0388]

[0389] In Equation 501,

[0390] Ar 501 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0391] L 501 To L 503 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0392] xd1 to xd3 can each be an independent integer from 0 to 3.

[0393] R 501 and R 502 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, and

[0394] xd4 can be an integer from 1 to 6.

[0395] In the embodiment, Ar in formula 501 501 It can be selected from:

[0396] Naphthyl, heptalenyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, penfenyl, indoxanel, and indoxphenanthryl; and

[0397] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 At least one of alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, naphthyl, heptalenyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[1]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyrene, It includes alkyl, tetraphenyl, styrene, peryl, penfenyl, indanethenyl, and indanephenyl.

[0398] In the embodiment, L in formula 501 501 To L 503 Each can be independently selected from:

[0399] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorenylanethyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, phenanthrene alkyl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoyl, dibenzocarbazoyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene; and

[0400] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, The following are selected from at least one of the following groups: phenylene, perylene, pentofenyl, nehexaphenyl, nepentylphenyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenolyl, and pyridyl; phenylene, naphthylene, fluoreneylene, spirodifluoreneyl, benzo[9,10]fluoreneyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluoreneyl, phenanthreneyl, anthraceneylene, fluorenyleneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthreneyl, pyreneyleneyl, etc. The compounds are: alkyl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene.

[0401] In the embodiment, R in formula 501 501 and R 502 Each can be independently selected from:

[0402] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene alkyl, peryl, pentyranyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, and pyridyl; and

[0403] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, alkyl, peryl, pentyranyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl and -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyreneyl, The following groups are listed: alkyl, peryl, pentyranyl, benzohexaphenyl, benzopentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl.

[0404] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0405] In this embodiment, xd4 in Equation 501 can be 2, but the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0406] For example, fluorescent dopants can be selected from compounds FD1 to FD23 below:

[0407]

[0408]

[0409]

[0410] In the embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but the embodiments are not limited to these:

[0411]

[0412] [Electron transmission area in the transmitting unit]

[0413] The electron transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure, including a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure, including a single layer containing different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure, having multiple layers containing different materials.

[0414] The electron transport region may include at least one selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0415] For example, the electron transport region may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein, for each structure, the layers are stacked sequentially from the emitter layer in the order stated herein. However, embodiments of the electron transport region structure are not limited to these.

[0416] Electron transport regions (e.g., buffer layers, hole blocking layers, electron control layers, or electron transport layers within electron transport regions) may include electron transport compounds.

[0417] Electron transport compounds can be metal-free compounds containing a nitrogen-containing ring that includes at least one π-electron-poor ring.

[0418] "π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring" refers to a C1-C ring with at least one *-N=*' moiety as the cyclic part. 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0419] For example, a "nitrogen-containing ring depleted of π electrons" can be: i) a 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one *-N=*' moiety; ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *-N=*' moiety, are condensed together; or iii) at least one of the 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *-N=*' moiety, is combined with at least one C5-C 60 Heterocyclic groups formed by the condensation of carbocyclic groups.

[0420] Examples of π-electron-depleted nitrogen-containing rings include, but are not limited to, imidazole rings, pyrazole rings, thiazole rings, isothiazole rings, oxazole rings, isoxazole rings, pyridine rings, pyrazine rings, pyrimidine rings, pyridazine rings, indazole rings, purine rings, quinoline rings, isoquinoline rings, benzo[a]quinoline rings, phthalazine rings, naphthidine rings, quinoxaline rings, quinazoline rings, cyclophosphine rings, phenanthridine rings, acridine rings, phenanthrene-rhein rings, phenazine rings, benzimidazole rings, isobenzo[a]thiazole rings, benzo[a]oxazole rings, isobenzo[a]oxazole rings, triazole rings, tetraazole rings, oxadiazole rings, triazine rings, thiadiazole rings, imidazo[a]pyridine rings, imidazo[a]pyrimidine rings, and azacarbazole rings.

[0421] For example, the electron transport region may include electron transport compounds.

[0422] In embodiments, the electron transport compound may include a compound represented by the following formula 601:

[0423] <Formula 601>

[0424] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 )xe1 -R 601 ] xe21 .

[0425] In Equation 601,

[0426] Ar 601 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0427] xe11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0428] L 601 It can be selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups,

[0429] xe1 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0430] R 601 It can be selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0431] Q 601 To Q603 Each can be independently C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl, and

[0432] xe21 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0433] In the embodiment, xe11 numbers of Ar 601 R with xe21 numbers 601 At least one of them may include a nitrogen-containing ring that is π-electron depleted.

[0434] In the embodiment, Ar in formula 601 601 It can be selected from:

[0435] Phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, penfenyl, indoxanthracene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, carbazoyl, imidazoyl, pyrazolyl, thiazoyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indazoleyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazoyl, benzooxazolyl, isobenzooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and azacarbazoyl; and

[0436] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 The following are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthyl, pyreneyl, The following groups are listed: alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, penfenyl, indoxanthracene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, carbazoyl, imidazoyl, pyrazolyl, thiazoyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indazole, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazoyl, benzooxazolyl, isobenzooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazoyl.

[0437] Among them, Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0438] When xe11 in equation 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0439] In the embodiment, Ar in formula 601 601 It can be anthracene-based.

[0440] In the embodiments, the compound represented by formula 601 can be represented by the following formula 601-1:

[0441] <Formula 601-1>

[0442]

[0443] In Equation 601-1,

[0444] X 614 It can be N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 It can be N or C(R) 615 ), X 616 It can be N or C(R) 616 ), and X 614 To X 616 At least one of them can be N,

[0445] L 611 To L 613 They can all independently bind with L 601 The descriptions are the same.

[0446] xe611 to xe613 can all be independently identical to those described in conjunction with xe1.

[0447] R 611 To R613 They can all independently bind with R 601 The descriptions are the same, and

[0448] R 614 To R 616 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0449] In the embodiment, L in formula 601 601 L in Equation 601-1 611 To L 613 Each can be independently selected from:

[0450] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorenylanethyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, pyrene, phenanthrene Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthrenediyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-rheinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl; and

[0451] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazine The following are at least one of the following groups selected from: phenylene, naphthidyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrynyl, phenanthrinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spirodifluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenanthrynyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrynyl, pyreneylyl, etc. Perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl , pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthreneridinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrene-pyridinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazoleyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and zazacarbazolyl,

[0452] However, the embodiments are not limited to this.

[0453] In the embodiments, xe1 in formula 601 and xe611 to xe613 in formula 601-1 can each be independently 0, 1 or 2.

[0454] In the embodiment, R in formula 601 601 R in Equation 601-1 611 To R 613 Each can be independently selected from:

[0455] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrene Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl;

[0456] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalyl The phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, terazolinyl, phenanthrynyl, acridineyl, phenanthrynyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl are selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, Peryl, pentylenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl Pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; and

[0457] -S(=O)2(Q 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0458] Among them, Q 601 and Q 602 Same as described above.

[0459] In embodiments, the electron transport compound may include at least one compound selected from compounds ET1 to ET39 below:

[0460]

[0461]

[0462]

[0463] In the embodiments, the electron transport compound may include at least one compound selected from 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), and Alq3, BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ) and NTAZ:

[0464]

[0465] The thicknesses of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, and electronic control layer can all be independently set to approximately [value missing]. to approximately Within a certain range. For example, the thickness of the buffer layer can be approximately... to approximately Within a certain range. For example, the thickness of the hole-blocking layer can be approximately... to approximately Within a certain range. For example, the thickness of the electronic control layer can be approximately... to approximately Within these ranges, excellent hole blocking characteristics or excellent electronic control characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the thicknesses of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, and electronic control layer are within these ranges.

[0466] The thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately to approximately Within a certain range. In an embodiment, the thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately... to approximately Within these ranges, excellent electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the thickness of the electron transport layer is within any of these ranges.

[0467] In addition to the materials mentioned above, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may also include metallic materials.

[0468] The metal-containing material may include at least one selected from alkali metal complexes and alkaline earth metal complexes. Alkali metal complexes may include metal ions selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs ions, while alkaline earth metal complexes may include metal ions selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba ions. The ligands coordinated to the metal ions of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal complexes may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, and cyclopentadiene, but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0469] For example, metallic materials may include Li complexes. Li complexes may include, for example, compounds ET-D1 (lithium hydroxyquinoline, LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0470]

[0471] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the second electrode 190. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the second electrode 190.

[0472] The electron injection layer can have: i) a single-layer structure, including a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure, including a single layer containing different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure, having multiple layers containing different materials.

[0473] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0474] The alkali metal may be selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In an embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In an embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0475] The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

[0476] The rare earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and Gd.

[0477] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may be selected from oxides and halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, or iodides) of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal.

[0478] The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides (such as Li2O, Cs2O, or K2O) and alkali metal halides (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, or KI). In an embodiment, the alkali metal compound may be selected from LiF, Li2O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0479] The alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from alkaline earth metal oxides (such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O(0 < x < 1) or Ba x Ca 1-x O(0 < x < 1)). In an embodiment, the alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0480] The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, and TbF3. In an embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, and TbI3, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0481] Alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes may include ions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals as described above, and the ligands coordinated to the metal ions of the alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or rare earth metal complexes may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, and cyclopentadiene, but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0482] In some embodiments, the electron-injected layer may comprise a combination of alkali metal compounds and rare earth metal compounds. In some embodiments, the electron-injected layer may be formed by co-deposition of RbI and Yb. In some embodiments, the electron-injected layer may be formed by co-deposition of KI and Yb.

[0483] The electron injection layer may consist of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof as described above (or may include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof as described above). In embodiments, the electron injection layer may also include organic materials. When the electron injection layer further includes organic materials, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix comprising organic materials.

[0484] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately Within a certain range. In an embodiment, the thickness of the electron-injected layer can be approximately... to approximately Within these ranges, excellent electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the thickness of the electron-injected layer is within any of these ranges.

[0485] [Second electrode 190]

[0486] The second electrode 190 is disposed on the organic layer 150 having such a structure. The second electrode 190 can be a cathode serving as an electron injection electrode, and in this respect, the material used to form the second electrode 190 can be selected from metals, alloys, conductive compounds, and combinations thereof that have relatively low work functions.

[0487] The second electrode 190 may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), silver-magnesium (Ag-Mg), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, and IZO, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0488] The second electrode 190 can be a transmission electrode, a semi-transmission electrode, or a reflection electrode.

[0489] The second electrode 190 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers.

[0490] [Cap layer]

[0491] The organic light-emitting device 10 may also include a capping layer, which may be disposed on the surface of the first electrode 110 and / or the second electrode 190 opposite to the surface on which the organic layer 150 is disposed.

[0492] For example, the organic light-emitting device 10 may have: a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, and the second electrode 190 are stacked sequentially in the order stated; a structure in which the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, the second electrode 190, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the order stated; or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, the second electrode 190, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the order stated.

[0493] Light generated from the emitting layer included in the organic layer 150 of the organic light-emitting device 10 can pass outward through the first electrode 110 and the first capping layer (wherein the first electrode 110 may be a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode), or can pass outward through the second electrode 190 and the second capping layer (wherein the second electrode 190 may be a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode).

[0494] Each of the first and second capping layers can improve the external luminescence efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference.

[0495] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each be independently an organic capping layer including organic materials, an inorganic capping layer including inorganic materials, or a composite capping layer including both organic and inorganic materials.

[0496] At least one of the first and second capping layers may each independently comprise at least one material selected from carbocyclic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, amine compounds, porphyrin derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthalenephthalocyanine derivatives, alkali metal complexes, and alkaline earth metal complexes. The carbocyclic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, and amine compounds may optionally be substituted with substituents comprising at least one element selected from O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, and I. In embodiments, at least one of the first and second capping layers may each independently comprise an amine compound.

[0497] In an embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by formula 201 or a compound represented by formula 202.

[0498] In the embodiments, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound selected from compounds HT28 to HT33 and the following compounds CP1 to CP5, but the embodiments are not limited thereto:

[0499]

[0500] [Common Preparation Methods]

[0501] Layers constituting hole transport regions, emission regions, and electron transport regions can be formed in a specific area using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodget (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging.

[0502] When forming layers constituting hole transport regions, emitter layers, and electron transport regions by vacuum deposition, by taking into account the materials to be included in the layers to be formed and the structure of the layers to be formed, deposition temperatures of about 100°C to about 500°C and about 10 -8 To about 10 -3 The vacuum degree and about to approximately Vacuum deposition was performed at a deposition rate of [value missing].

[0503] When spin coating is used to form layers constituting hole transport regions, emitter layers, and electron transport regions, spin coating can be performed at a coating speed of about 2000 rpm to about 5000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature of about 80°C to about 200°C, taking into account the materials to be included in the layers to be formed and the structure of the layers to be formed.

[0504] [equipment]

[0505] The organic light-emitting device 10 can be included in various devices.

[0506] According to an embodiment, an apparatus including an organic light-emitting device 10 is provided.

[0507] For example, the device may be a light-emitting device, an authentication device, or an electronic device, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0508] Light-emitting devices can be used as various displays, light sources, etc.

[0509] Authentication devices can be, for example, biometric authentication devices used to authenticate individuals by utilizing biometric information from a biometric body (e.g., fingertip, pupil, etc.).

[0510] In addition to the organic light-emitting device 10, the authentication device may also include a biometric information collector.

[0511] Electronic devices can be applied to personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, video game consoles, medical instruments (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram (ECG) displays, ultrasound diagnostic devices, or endoscopic displays), fish detectors, various measuring instruments, meters (e.g., instruments for vehicles, aircraft, and ships), projectors, etc., but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0512] In this embodiment, in addition to the organic light-emitting device 10, the device may also include a thin-film transistor. Here, the thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, an active layer, and a drain electrode, wherein the first electrode 110 of the organic light-emitting device 10 may be in electrical contact with one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin-film transistor.

[0513] [Electronic Devices]

[0514] According to an embodiment, an electronic device is provided, comprising a substrate and an organic light-emitting device disposed on the substrate. The organic light-emitting device is the same as described above.

[0515] In one embodiment, the electronic device may include a color conversion layer disposed in at least one direction of travel of light emitted from the organic light-emitting device, and the color conversion layer may include quantum dots.

[0516] [Quantum dot]

[0517] The emission layer included in a publicly disclosed organic light-emitting device may include quantum dots.

[0518] In one embodiment, the color conversion layer included in the electronic device may include quantum dot materials.

[0519] Quantum dots are particles with a crystal structure ranging from a few nanometers to tens of nanometers and contain hundreds to thousands of atoms.

[0520] Because quantum dots are extremely small, they are subject to the quantum confinement effect. The quantum confinement effect refers to the phenomenon where the band gap of an object increases as it becomes smaller than a nanometer. Therefore, when a quantum dot is illuminated with light of a wavelength having an energy intensity greater than its band gap, the quantum dot is excited by absorbing the light and emits light of a specific wavelength, transitioning to its ground state. The wavelength of the emitted light corresponds to the band gap.

[0521] The nucleus of a quantum dot can include group II-VI compounds, group III-VI compounds, group III-V compounds, group IV-VI compounds, group IV elements or compounds, group I-III-VI compounds, or any combination thereof.

[0522] Group II-VI compounds can be selected from binary, ternary, and quaternary compounds. Binary compounds are selected from CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, and any mixtures thereof. Ternary compounds are selected from CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, Cd... ZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS and any mixture thereof; the quaternary compound is selected from CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe and any mixture thereof.

[0523] III-VI compounds may include binary compounds (such as In2S3 or In2Se3), ternary compounds (such as InGaS3 or InGaSe3), or any combination thereof.

[0524] For example, the III-V compounds may be selected from binary, ternary, and quaternary compounds. The binary compounds are selected from GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, and any mixture thereof. The ternary compounds are selected from GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InAlP, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, and any mixture thereof. The quaternary compounds are selected from GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and any mixture thereof, but the examples are not limited thereto. Group III-V compounds may also include Group II metals (e.g., InZnP, etc.).

[0525] Group IV-VI compounds can be selected from binary, ternary, and quaternary compounds. Binary compounds are selected from SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, and any mixture thereof; ternary compounds are selected from SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, and any mixture thereof; quaternary compounds are selected from SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe, and any mixture thereof. Group IV elements can be selected from Si, Ge, and any mixture thereof. Group IV compounds can be binary compounds selected from SiC, SiGe, and any mixture thereof.

[0526] Group I-III-VI compounds may include ternary compounds such as AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2, CuGaO2, AgGaO2, or AgAlO2, or any combination thereof.

[0527] Binary, ternary, or quaternary compounds can exist in particles at a uniform concentration, or they can exist in the same particle with partially different concentration distributions. Binary, ternary, or quaternary compounds can have a core-shell structure in which one quantum dot surrounds another quantum dot. The interface between the core and shell can have a concentration gradient where the concentration of the elements present in the shell decreases towards the center.

[0528] In embodiments, quantum dots may have a core-shell structure comprising a core having the aforementioned nanoparticles and a shell surrounding the core. The shell of the quantum dot may serve as a protective layer for maintaining semiconductor properties by preventing chemical denaturation of the core, and / or may serve as a charged layer for imparting electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell may be monolayer or multilayer. The interface between the core and shell may have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of elements present in the shell decreases toward the center. Examples of the shell of a quantum dot may include metal or nonmetal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or any combination thereof.

[0529] Examples of metal or nonmetal oxides are binary compounds (such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and NiO) or ternary compounds (such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and CoMn2O4), but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0530] Examples of semiconductor compounds include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, etc., but the embodiments are not limited to these.

[0531] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots can be less than or equal to about 45 nm. For example, the FWHM of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots can be less than or equal to about 40 nm. For example, the FWHM of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots can be less than or equal to about 30 nm. Light emitted by such quantum dots is illuminated from all directions, thereby improving the wide viewing angle.

[0532] There are no particular restrictions on the shape of quantum dots; rather, they are a commonly used shape in this field. More specifically, spherical, pyramidal, multi-armed, or cubic nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, or nanoplate particles can be used.

[0533] Quantum dots can adjust the color of emitted light depending on their particle size. Therefore, quantum dots can emit light of various colors, such as blue, red, or green.

[0534] [Definition of substituents]

[0535] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched monovalent group of an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, examples of which include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is also used.60 "alkylene" refers to a compound with C1-C2 atoms. 60 Divalent groups with the same structure as alkyl groups.

[0536] As used herein, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group formed at C2-C. 60 An alkyl group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond at its middle or end, examples of which include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used in conjunction with this. 60 "Alkenyl" refers to a group that has a C2-C bond structure. 60 Divalent groups with the same structure as alkenyl groups.

[0537] As used herein, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 An alkyl group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at its middle or end, examples of which include ethynyl and propynyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Immyneyl" refers to a group with a C2-C group. 60 Divalent groups with the same structure as alkynyl groups.

[0538] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 Alkyl groups are monovalent groups, examples of which include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0539] As used herein, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, examples of which include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to a compound with C3-C66 atoms. 10 Divalent groups with the same structure as cycloalkyl groups.

[0540] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as the cyclic atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, examples of which include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a compound with C1-C2 atoms. 10 Divalent groups with the same structure as heterocyclic alkyl groups.

[0541] As used herein, the term "C3-C" 10"Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and not being aromatic; examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Biopylidene alkenyl" refers to a group that has a similar structure to C3-C4. 10 A divalent group with the same structure as a cycloalkenyl group.

[0542] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclizing atom, one to ten carbon atoms, and at least one double bond in its ring. C1-C 10 Examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a group that has a similar structure to C1-C1. 10 Divalent groups with the same structure as heterocyclic alkenyl groups.

[0543] As used here, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system comprising 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein, "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a divalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. (C6-C) 60 Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthryl, pyrene, and... Base. When C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may be fused together.

[0544] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclizing atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is also relevant. 60 "Hypo-aryl" refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system, wherein the heterocyclic aromatic system has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclizing atom in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, and isoquinolinyl. When C1-C... 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each heteroaryl group comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may condense together.

[0545] As used here, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy group" refers to -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl), as used herein in the term "C6-C 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0546] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed together, with only carbon atoms (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as cyclic atoms, and lacking aromaticity throughout its molecular structure. A detailed example of a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group is the fluorenyl group. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group. As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed together, with at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as cyclic atoms in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and lacking aromaticity throughout its molecular structure. An example of a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group is the carbazoyl group. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group.

[0547] As used herein, the term "C5-C" 60 A "carbocyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group consisting of 5 to 60 carbon atoms, with carbon as the only cyclic atom. (C5-C) 60 The carbocyclic group can be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. (C5-C) 60 The carbocyclic group can be a ring (such as benzene), a monovalent group (such as phenyl), or a divalent group (such as phenylene). In the examples, depending on the connection to C5-C... 60 The number of substituents in the carbocyclic group, C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group can be a trivalent or tetravalent group. For example, the term "phenyl" as used herein can refer to a benzene ring, phenyl, phenylene, or its corresponding trivalent or tetravalent group.

[0548] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 A "heterocyclic group" refers to a group that, in addition to using at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S (excluding carbon, which can range from 1 to 60 carbon atoms) as a cyclic atom, has a cyclic structure similar to C5-C6. 60 Groups with the same structure as carbon cyclic groups.

[0549] The instruction manual states that it replaces C5-C. 60 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60 Hybrid aryl, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkyne group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy groups, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent in the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0550] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0551] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, and C3-C. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 Choose at least one of the C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0552] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group;

[0553] All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic group, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q)22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 Choose at least one of the C3-C options. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic; and

[0554] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0555] Among them, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0556] As used herein, the term "Ph" refers to phenyl, "Me" refers to methyl, "Et" refers to ethyl, and "tert-Bu" or "Bu" refers to tert-Bu. t "Refers to tert-butyl, as the term "OMe" used herein refers to methyl methacrylate (MMA).

[0557] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to a phenyl group that has a substituted phenyl group. In other words, "biphenyl" is a phenyl group with a C6-C bond. 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0558] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to a phenyl group substituted with biphenyl groups. In other words, "terphenyl" is a phenyl group having C6-C substitutions. 60 C6-C of aryl 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0559] Unless otherwise defined, * and *' as used herein refer to the binding site with the adjacent atom in the corresponding expression.

[0560] In the following description, the compounds according to the embodiments and the organic light-emitting devices according to the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to examples. The expression "using B instead of A" as used in the descriptive examples means using the same molar equivalent of B instead of the same molar equivalent of A.

[0561] Example

[0562] Example 1

[0563] 15Ω / cm 2 The ITO / Ag / ITO glass substrate (Corning's product) was cut to a size of 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet light and ozone for 15 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then loaded onto a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0564] HAT-CN was deposited on an ITO / Ag / ITO anode on a glass substrate to form a structure with... A hole injection layer of a certain thickness is formed, and NPB is deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole injection layer with a certain thickness. A hole transport layer of a certain thickness is formed, and TCTA is deposited on the hole transport layer to form a hole transport layer with a certain thickness. An electron blocking layer of a certain thickness was formed, on which H56 and FD23 were co-deposited at a volume ratio of 97:3 to form an electron blocking layer with [missing information]. An emitter layer of a certain thickness is formed, and T2T is deposited on the emitter layer to form a layer with [missing information]. A hole-blocking layer of a certain thickness is formed, and TPM-TAZ and LiQ are co-deposited on the hole-blocking layer at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form a hole-blocking layer with a hole-blocking layer of a certain thickness. A thick electron transport layer is formed to create the first emission unit.

[0565] Compound 1 and Li were co-deposited on the first emission unit at a volume ratio of 99:1 to form a structure with A thick n-type charge generation layer is formed, and HAT-CN is deposited on the n-type charge generation layer to form a layer with [missing information]. A p-type charge generation layer of a certain thickness is formed to create the first charge generation unit.

[0566] NPB is deposited on the first charge generation unit to form a structure with A hole transport layer of a certain thickness is formed, and TCTA is deposited on the hole transport layer to form a hole transport layer with a certain thickness. An electron blocking layer of a certain thickness was formed, on which H56 and FD23 were co-deposited at a volume ratio of 97:3 to form an electron blocking layer with [missing information]. An emitter layer of a certain thickness is formed, and T2T is deposited on the emitter layer to form a layer with [missing information]. A hole-blocking layer of a certain thickness is formed, and TPM-TAZ and LiQ are co-deposited on the hole-blocking layer at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form a hole-blocking layer with a hole-blocking layer of a certain thickness. A thick electron transport layer is formed to create a second emission unit.

[0567] Compound 1 and Li were co-deposited on the second emission unit at a volume ratio of 99:1 to form a structure with A thick n-type charge generation layer is formed, and HAT-CN is deposited on the n-type charge generation layer to form a layer with [missing information]. A p-type charge generation layer of a certain thickness is formed, thereby creating a second charge generation unit.

[0568] NPB is deposited on the second charge generation unit to form a structure with A hole transport layer of a certain thickness is formed, and TCTA is deposited on the hole transport layer to form a hole transport layer with a certain thickness. An electron blocking layer of a certain thickness was formed, on which H56 and FD23 were co-deposited at a volume ratio of 97:3 to form an electron blocking layer with [missing information]. An emitter layer of a certain thickness is formed, and T2T is deposited on the emitter layer to form a layer with [missing information]. A hole-blocking layer of a certain thickness is formed, and TPM-TAZ and LiQ are co-deposited on the hole-blocking layer at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form a hole-blocking layer with a hole-blocking layer of a certain thickness. A thick electron transport layer is formed, thus creating a third emission unit.

[0569] Yb is deposited on the third emitter unit. The thickness, and on it, Ag and Mg are co-deposited at a volume ratio of 9:1 to form a layer with... A cathode of a certain thickness is used to fabricate a series organic light-emitting device.

[0570]

[0571] Examples 2 through 42 and comparative examples 1 through 3 and 5 through 8

[0572] The organic light-emitting device is fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the corresponding compounds shown in Table 1 are used when forming the n-type charge generation layer.

[0573] Evaluation Example 1

[0574] The driving voltage, driving voltage variation, current efficiency, lifetime, and CIE color coordinates of organic light-emitting devices fabricated according to Examples 1 to 42 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8 were measured using a Keithley SMU 236 and a PR650 luminance meter. The results are shown in Table 1. Lifetime (T 98 The driving voltage (ΔV) is the time taken from driving the organic light-emitting device until the brightness (@1200 nit) decreases to 98% of the initial brightness (100%). The change in driving voltage (voltage offset, ΔV) is the difference between the driving voltage and the initial driving voltage measured after driving the organic light-emitting device for 100 hours.

[0575] [Table 1]

[0576]

[0577]

[0578]

[0579] Referring to Table 1, it was confirmed that the organic light-emitting device according to the embodiment has low driving voltage, excellent efficiency and long lifetime, and small variation in driving voltage.

[0580] Examples 43 to 46 and Comparative Example 9

[0581] The organic light-emitting device is fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the corresponding compounds shown in Table 2 are used when forming the electron transport layer and the n-type charge generation layer.

[0582] Evaluation Example 2

[0583] The driving voltage, driving voltage variation, current efficiency, lifetime, and CIE color coordinates of organic light-emitting devices fabricated according to Examples 43 to 46 and Comparative Example 9 were measured using a Keithley SMU 236 and a luminance meter PR650. The results are shown in Table 2. Lifetime (T 97The driving voltage variation (voltage offset, ΔV) is the time taken from driving the organic light-emitting device until the brightness (@1200 nit) decreases to 97% of the initial brightness (100%). The driving voltage variation (voltage offset, ΔV) is the difference between the driving voltage and the initial driving voltage measured after driving the organic light-emitting device for 200 hours.

[0584] [Table 2]

[0585]

[0586]

[0587] Referring to Table 2, it was confirmed that the organic light-emitting device according to the embodiment has low driving voltage, excellent efficiency and long lifetime, and small variation in driving voltage.

[0588] In Comparative Example 9, a compound containing an amine (or amino) group with a single bond was used as the n-type charge generation layer material. Although the driving voltage of the organic light-emitting device in Comparative Example 9 was slightly reduced, and the efficiency of the same organic light-emitting device was slightly improved, the amine group was susceptible to electron attack, which made the n-type charge generation material prone to degradation, shortened its lifetime, and caused the change in driving voltage (ΔV) to increase rapidly.

[0589] Examples 47 to 49 and Comparative Examples 10 to 12

[0590] Organic light-emitting devices are fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compounds shown in Table 3 are used as the emission unit material and the n-type charge generation layer material.

[0591] Examples 50 and 51, and comparative examples 13 and 14

[0592] The organic light-emitting device is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the cathode is formed sequentially on the third emission unit followed by the fourth emission unit, instead of forming the cathode on the third emission unit. The third charge-generating unit is formed in the same manner as the second charge-generating unit, and the fourth emission unit is formed in the same manner as the second charge-generating unit, wherein the compounds shown in Table 3 are used as the emission unit material and the n-type charge-generating layer material.

[0593] Evaluation Example 3

[0594] The driving voltage, driving voltage variation, current efficiency, lifetime, and CIE color coordinates of organic light-emitting devices fabricated according to Examples 47 to 51 and Comparative Examples 10 to 14 were measured using a Keithley SMU 236 and a luminance meter PR650. The results are shown in Table 3. (Lifetime (T)) 97The driving voltage variation (voltage offset, ΔV) is the time taken from driving the organic light-emitting device until the brightness (@1200 nit) decreases to 97% of the initial brightness (100%). The driving voltage variation (voltage offset, ΔV) is the difference between the driving voltage and the initial driving voltage measured after driving the organic light-emitting device for 200 hours.

[0595] [Table 3]

[0596]

[0597]

[0598] Referring to Table 3, it was confirmed that the organic light-emitting device according to the embodiment has low driving voltage, excellent efficiency and long lifetime, and small variation in driving voltage.

[0599] Organic light-emitting devices, including those based on heterocyclic compounds, exhibit low driving voltage, high emission efficiency, and improved lifetime characteristics.

[0600] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should generally be considered applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An organic light emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer comprising: an emission unit; and a charge generation unit disposed between two adjacent emission units among the emission unit, wherein at least one of the charge generation unit comprises a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1: wherein, in Formula 1, Formula 2, and Formula 4-2, A2 is a group represented by Formula 2, A1and A3are each independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aralkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), wherein at least one of A1and A3is substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 alkyl, at least one selected from X1 to X3 is N, X1is N or C(R 31 ), X2is N or C(R 32 ), X3is N or C(R 33 ), a1, a2, a10, and a20 are each independently an integer of 0 to 5, L1, L2, L 10 and L 20 are each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroarylene, substituted or unsubstituted bivalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted bivalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, L3 is a group represented by Formula 4-2, a3 is an integer of 0 to 5, b10 is an integer of 1 to 5, Ar1 and Ar2 are both independently selected from deuterium, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1), and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), From R 10 R 20 and R 31 To R 33 Two or more substituents selected from the group may optionally connect to each other to form substituted or unsubstituted C5-C. 60 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, b20 is an integer of 1 to 4, *、*' and *” each represent a bonding site to an adjacent atom, and 2.The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, said substituted C5-C 60 carbocyclyl, said substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclyl, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene, said substituted C6-C 60 arylene, said substituted C1-C 60 heteroarylene, said substituted bivalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclyl, said substituted bivalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclyl, said substituted C1-C 60 alkyl, said substituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, said substituted C2-C 60 alkynyl, said substituted C1-C 60 alkoxy, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, said substituted C6-C 60 aryl, said substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, said substituted C6-C 60 arylthio, said substituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, said substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclyl and said substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclyl are selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 alkoxy; substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -P(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=O)(Q 11 ), -S(=O)2(Q 11 ), and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) selected at least one of C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, and C1-C 60 alkoxy; C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl group, and terphenyl group; selected from deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -P(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=O)(Q 21 ), -S(=O)2(Q 21 ), and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) groups; and 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl group, and terphenyl group; and -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -P(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ), and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), Q1to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 alkyl-substituted C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl group, and terphenyl group. the at least one of the charge generation unit comprises an n-type charge generation layer and a p-type charge generation layer, and the n-type charge generation layer comprises the heterocyclic compound. The n-type charge generation layer further comprises an electron transport compound.

3. The organic light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein, The n-type charge generation layer further comprises an alkali metal or a lanthanide metal.

4. The organic light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein, 5.The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, each of the emission unit comprises an emission layer, and the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant. At least one of the emission unit emits blue light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of 410 nm to 490 nm.

6. The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the emission unit emits green light having a maximum emission wavelength in a range of 490 nm to 580 nm.

7. The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, 8.The organic light emitting device according to claim 5, wherein, each of the emission unit further comprises a hole transport region and an electron transport region, the hole transport region comprises at least one selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a buffer layer, an emission auxiliary layer, and an electron blocking layer, and the electron transport region comprises at least one selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. 9.The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, 10.The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, A1and A3are each independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group. A1 and A3 are each independently selected from: a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, and a hexyl group; a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a triazyl group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group; and substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C6alkyl, C6-C10aryl, and C1-C6alkoxy; and 60 C1-C6alkyl, C6-C10aryl, and C1-C6alkoxy; and 60 C1-C6alkyl, C6-C10aryl, and C1-C6alkoxy; and 60 C1-C6alkyl, C6-C10aryl, and C1-C6alkoxy; and 11.The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 The aryl group is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl. wherein, in Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-99, L1, L2, L 10 and L 20 each independently is a group represented by one of Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-99: Y1 is O, S, C(Z3)(Z4), N(Z5), or Si(Z6)(Z7), d2 is an integer of 0 to 2, Z1 to Z7 are all independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, cyclopentadienyl, indole, naphthyl, chamomilecycloyl, heptalenyl, indoleyl, acenaphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, pyrene, alkyl, tetraphenyl, francyl, perylene, pentofenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, benzoyl, pyrrolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indoleyl, isoydinolyl, indazoleyl, purinel, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxalinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidine Azolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiopyrrolyl, isobenzothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, isobenzooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzothiopyrrolyl, carbazoleyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, benzonaphthidyl, azafluorenyl, azaspirodifluorenyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzothiopyrrolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ), wherein Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: C1-C 10 alkyl, C1-C 10 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl; and All replace C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 The phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl groups selected from alkoxy and phenyl groups. d3 is an integer of 0 to 3, d4 is an integer of 0 to 4, d5 is an integer of 0 to 5, d6 is an integer of 0 to 6, d8 is an integer of 0 to 8, and * and *' each represent a bonding site to an adjacent atom. 12.The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, ​ Ar1and Ar2are each independently selected from: deuterium; and a group represented by one of Formulae 5-1 to 5-26 and Formulae 6-1 to 6-55: wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-26 and Formulae 6-1 to 6-55, Y 31 and Y 32 are each independently O, S, C(Z 33 )(Z 34 ), N(Z 33 ), or Si(Z 33 )(Z 34 ), Z 31 To Z 34 Each group is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl, C2-C 20 alkynyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, carbazoleyl, and triazineyl. e2is 1 or 2, e3is an integer of 1 to 3, e4is an integer of 1 to 4, e5is an integer of 1 to 5, e6is an integer of 1 to 6, e7is an integer of 1 to 7, e9is an integer of 1 to 9, and * indicates a bonding site to an adjacent atom.

13. The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, Ar1and Ar2are each independently selected from: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl; and All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 The aryl group is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.

14. The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, R 10 and R 20 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl; All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 The aryl group selected from at least one of the following: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl. phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl; and All are substituted with groups ranging from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl and C1-C 60 The aryl group is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl.

15. The organic light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the heterocyclic compound is represented by Formula 11-2: <Formula 11-2> wherein, in Formula 11-2, A1and A3are the same as described in connection with Formula 1, X1to X3, L1to L3, a1to a3, Ar1, and Ar2are the same as described in connection with Formula 2, and R 11 to R 15 are the same as described in connection with R 10 in Formula 1.

16. The organic light emitting device of claim 3, wherein, the electron transport compound is a metal-free compound including at least one nitrogen-containing ring that is poor in π electrons.

17. The organic light emitting device of claim 3, wherein, the electron transport compound is selected from one of Compounds ET1 to ET39:

18. The organic light emitting device of claim 1, wherein, the heterocyclic compound is selected from one of the following compounds:

19. An apparatus comprising: a substrate; the organic light-emitting device according to claim 1 disposed on the substrate; and a color conversion layer disposed in at least one traveling direction of light emitted from the organic light-emitting device, wherein the color conversion layer includes quantum dots.

Images