A mill carrying elastomer / plastic with improved grinding mechanism

Abstract

This invention proposes a mill for an elastomer / plastic with an improved grinding mechanism, characterized as described in 1 or / and 2: 1. The mechanism is based on waste plastic film and / or waste agricultural mulch film from waste paper recycling, with a coarseness of less than 2 mesh and a bulk density ≥0.06 kg / L. The ratio of the product of the output W (kg) and time T (h) of the material passing through the mechanism per cycle to the rated power P (kW) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft is: W kg·Th / P kW ≥ 1.30 kW. g·h / kw; 2. The mechanism can be constructed by using an improved screw and grinding disc mating mechanism in conjunction with a grinding mill for room temperature elastomers / plastics, characterized by: a single screw capable of resisting material clamping and achieving efficient feeding of the grinding mill disc, which is mated with the rotating grinding disc; the single screw consists of: one or two screws connected in series, which, starting from a section below the outlet of the grinding hopper of the grinding mill, have at least one continuous spiral tooth extending along the axis, and the amount of rotation of the spiral tooth around the axis only needs to be in the range of 1 to 2 turns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention proposes a mill for elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism, relating to waste elastomers / plastics recycling machinery, especially the feeding screw mechanism that cooperates with the grinding disc in a waste elastomers / plastics shear mill, which falls under the category of machinery involved in the recycling of waste elastomers / plastics polymer materials. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, room-temperature fine crushing for recycling waste elastomer / plastic polymer materials currently only refers to the room-temperature fine crushing of thermosetting elastomers / plastics, such as thermosetting vulcanized waste rubber like waste tires, or the crushing of thermosetting phenolic resins. This type of room-temperature fine crushing operation is mainly carried out using a disc crusher. During implementation, the feed particle size is generally required to be in the range of 16 to 30 mesh. The material being crushed is also required to have good flowability when pushed and fed by the screw to facilitate feeding into the gap between the moving and stationary grinding discs.

[0003] In the existing technology, materials that are thermoplastic, have matchstick-shaped or film-shaped particles, or are difficult or extremely difficult to flow under the screw's pushing force cannot be smoothly processed in current disc crushers. The obstruction manifests as the material sticking to the screw, indicating that the problem lies in the mechanism between the feed screw and the grinding disc.

[0004] Furthermore, in existing technologies, even in what is considered the most successful example of a room-temperature fine crusher—that is, feeding pure waste tire coarse rubber powder through a 20-mesh sieve into the machine—the material, after passing through the machine once, yields a product with a particle size distribution of 40-200 mesh, commonly known in the industry as fine rubber powder. Of this product, less than 5% is finer than passing through a 100-mesh sieve, at least 15% is 40 mesh, and most of the material is around 60 mesh, with the next largest being around 80 mesh. Since this type of fine crusher appeared in my country in the early 1990s, it has mainly been used for the fine crushing of thermosetting waste vulcanized rubber. However, there is very little literature reporting on how to smoothly and efficiently feed thermoplastic materials or materials with poor flowability in the existing fine crusher's feeding mechanism into the machine for crushing.

[0005] The most extensive technical analysis of the existing disc crusher's feed screw, crushing disc, and its cooperating mechanism is found in Chinese patent CN102211049B. This patent provides a detailed analysis of the numerous defects in the currently used feed screw, crushing disc, and their cooperating mechanism, ultimately summarizing them as follows: "In the existing technology, room-temperature crushers for elastomers suffer from the following problems: the material is already significantly heated before entering the crushing disc, making it unable to crush thermoplastic elastomers; it cannot smoothly crush thermosetting elastomer materials with matchstick-shaped elongated particles or particles coarser than 16 mesh; it cannot handle difficult-to-flow materials that are not easily turned at right angles under the screw's pushing pressure; and the crushed material exiting the crushing disc has a high content of coarse powder."

[0006] The superior technical concept proposed in Chinese patent CN102211049B is "to propose an improved matching mechanism between the feed screw and the fine crushing disc suitable for an elastomer fine crusher". The improved matching mechanism can be specifically defined as "including:

[0007] A. Adjusting the fitting mechanism between the feed screw and the grinding disc to largely reduce or eliminate the accumulation space of the material to be crushed; the improvements also include:

[0008] B. Under the premise of ensuring sufficient feeding pressure, adjust the screw's own structure to reduce excessive high-pressure friction between the material and the inner wall of the screw conveyor, remove or reduce the heat generated by the material during the conveying process, so that the feeding screw has the function of forcefully and vertically turning and pushing the material to the grinding disc feed nozzle.

[0009] C. Improve the structure of the grinding disc feed nozzle to ensure not only smooth feeding but also that all coarse material travels a sufficient distance through the grinding disc's crushing zone, thus achieving the finest possible crushing.

[0010] The applicant in this case is one of the applicants for CN102211049B. Although the subordinate technical solutions specifically provided by the superior technical concept of CN102211049B have improved the crushing effect of elastomers, especially thermosetting vulcanized waste rubber, and are more ideal compared with the market products before CN102211049B; however, when the technical solutions / technical measures are used to test the more easily stuck heat-sensitive plastics, such as the mixed plastic film discharged from the recycling process of composite waste paper containing plastic film, even if the crusher grinding disc is not closed, the material cannot fall from the feed hopper into the conveying screw and be smoothly discharged by the feeding screw, let alone achieve or exceed the processing capacity of vulcanized rubber. This indicates that parts A and C of technical solution 1 in CN102211049B are completely ineffective in addressing the problem of mixed plastic film being prone to sticking to the screw and difficult to deliver; part B of technical solution 1 in CN102211049B also fails to solve the problem of mixed plastic film being able to be discharged at high flow rates like vulcanized rubber; this indicates that the screw described in CN102211049B still needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies of existing technologies and, at least further than CN102211049B, propose an improved screw and grinding disc mating mechanism for a fine crusher of elastomers / plastics, so as to expand the range of applicable materials for the fine crusher and improve its operating efficiency.

[0012] The technical concept of this invention is to propose an improved grinding mechanism and integrate it into a grinding mill for elastomers / plastics. The key focus is on point B of the overarching technical concept proposed in Chinese Patent CN102211049B: "Under the premise of ensuring sufficient feeding pressure, adjust the screw's own structural settings to reduce excessive high-pressure friction between the material and the inner wall of the screw conveyor, remove or reduce the heat generated by the material during conveying, and enable the feeding screw to forcefully and vertically turn and push the material to the grinding disc feed nozzle." Specifically, point B of this technical concept does not consider that there is a difference in bulk density, up to ten times, between low-bulk-density elastomer / plastic coarse particles such as flakes / strips and high-bulk-density coarse particles such as granular waste tires (within the 16-30 mesh range). Furthermore, it optimizes the function of each section of the feeding screw in the grinding mill.

[0013] Specifically, the technical concept described in this invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0014] 1. A mill for grinding elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism, characterized by comprising the features described in 1-1 or / and 1-2 below:

[0015] 1-1. The grinding mechanism involved, when the feed material normally passes through the narrow slit surface between the moving / static grinding discs of the "grinding mechanism", uses waste plastic film or / and waste agricultural film material discarded by the waste paper recycling industry with a bulk density of ≥0.06kg / L and a coarse sieve opening of 2 mesh as the benchmark. The product of the output W (kg) of the material passing through the "grinding mechanism" in one pass and the time T (h) is expressed as the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft, which is: Wkg·Th / Pkw≥1.30kg·h / kW; and after the "benchmark" passes through the machine once, the obtained material contains at least particles that pass through a sieve of 10 mesh to no more than a sieve of 20 mesh, and the "particles" are in the form of silkworm-like strips;

[0016] 1-2. The grinding mechanism involved can be constructed using a grinding mill for room-temperature elastomers / plastics equipped with an "improved screw and grinding disc cooperation mechanism". Specifically, the grinding mill for room-temperature elastomers / plastics uses a single screw capable of preventing material from sticking to the grinding disc and achieving efficient feeding to the grinding disc, which cooperates with the rotary grinding disc; the "single screw" is either a single screw or two screws connected in series for feeding, and is positioned at the outlet of the grinding mill's material bin and the dynamic / static plane or frustoconical rotary grinding disc where shear force grinding of the elastomer / plastic is performed. Between the center or eccentric part of the inlet ring of the slit surface in the middle of the disc; the single feeding screw, either alone or in series of two, is arranged with its axis perpendicular to the plane of the slit in the middle of the moving / static flat grinding disc, or to the plane of the moving / static conical grinding disc; the "high-efficiency feeding single screw" is characterized by at least: being arranged alone or in series of two screws, each having at least one continuous spiral tooth extending along the axis, starting from a section below the outlet of the grinding hopper of the mill, with the spiral tooth only needing to rotate around the axis in the range of 1 to 2 turns.

[0017] 2. The "single screw capable of resisting material clamping and achieving efficient feeding of the mill disc" described in 1-2 of technical solution 1 further includes the following preferred embodiment 2-1, or a combination of 2-1 and 2-2:

[0018] 2-1. The single screw for feeding, whose working mechanism in contact with the conveyed elastomer / plastic sequentially comprises: a feeding section I, a force-applying compression and propulsion section II, an anti-material-holding rod traveling section III, a rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs, a baffle V that prevents the material from contacting the center of the moving disc, and a water-cooling channel mechanism VI disposed at the center of the screw and / or in the screw tube jacket layer; the combination is configured in the form of I, or I combined with any one or more of II to VI in sequence, and the improved features of each of the "I" to "VI" and the "sequential combination" are as follows:

[0019] I—The feeding section, which is connected after the feed hopper outlet and before the force-applying compression propulsion section, is characterized in that: the pitch of the single or / and double helical teeth on the single screw of the feeding section for one revolution should be at least proportional to the length of the feed hopper outlet, that is: the length of the feed hopper outlet a ≤ the pitch s of the helical teeth on the feed section screw for one revolution. I The width b of its outlet is greater than or equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feed section. I ; or / and: the volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of one unit of feed section I, based on one revolution. I The volume V transported by the helical teeth of Unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II II The ratio is: V I / V II = 1 to 10 / 1 range; Inner diameter D of screw conveyor tube in feed section I I ≥Diameter d of the inner wall of the screw conveyor pipe in the compression propulsion section IIII ;

[0020] II – Force-applying compression propulsion section, which is connected after the feeding section and before the anti-material clamping rod traveling section, characterized in that: the helical teeth are set in the range of 0.5 to 1 to 1.5 rotations, and the helical tooth pitch s II ≤Feed section helical tooth pitch s I Its helical tooth height h II ≤ Feed section spiral tooth height hI; when h II =h I At that time, the inner diameter d of its spiral conveying pipe II Equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feeding section I When h II ≤h I At that time, the inner wall of its spiral conveying pipe has a large end diameter D. II / small end diameter d II The frustum-shaped cone has a large end diameter D. II D, connected to the inner wall of the feed section I Small end diameter d II Connected to the inner wall of the pipe in section III of the anti-material clamping rod III ; or / and: the volume V transported by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II, based on one revolution of rotation. II The volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the feed section I I The ratio is: V II / V I = in the range of 1 / 1 to 10; or satisfying the above V II / V I Under the condition that = 1 / 1 to 10, the helical tooth height h of II II A value of 0 means there are no spiral teeth;

[0021] III – The anti-material gripping rod travel section, which is connected after the force-applying compression propulsion section and before the "rotating blade pushing the material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs", is characterized by: no helical teeth on the feed screw shaft, and: or on the basis of the aforementioned "no helical teeth", a screw shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter is provided, or / and a screw conveyor pipe with a gradually increasing diameter inner wall is provided; the gradually decreasing diameter includes at least a 2mm decrease in screw shaft diameter every 500mm of screw shaft travel; the gradually increasing diameter includes at least a 2mm increase in the diameter of the inner wall of the screw conveyor pipe every 500mm of screw conveyor travel; or the starting point of the "gradually decreasing diameter screw shaft" can be from the connection point between the end of I and the beginning of II of the screw shaft;

[0022] IV—A rotating blade that pushes material into the slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, which is connected after the "anti-material gripping rod travel section" and before the "baffle that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc," characterized in that: the rotating blade has a vertical pushing working surface that pushes material into the slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, the "working surface" being a flat vertical surface or an outwardly curved vertical surface in the pushing direction; the root of the rotating blade is connected to the screw shaft; the head of the rotating blade is close to the inlet of the slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, the closeness being at least 1mm of clearance; the horizontal height of the "working surface" of the rotating blade should be at least half the height of the edge of the slit inlet between the moving and stationary grinding discs; the number of rotating blades is: 1, or any one of 2, 3, or 4 evenly distributed on the screw shaft;

[0023] V—A baffle plate to prevent material from contacting the center of the moving disc. It is attached after the rotating blade that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs. The side of the baffle plate facing the moving grinding disc is the end of the feed screw. The baffle plate is circular, and its diameter should have a gap of at least 0.5 mm compared to the diameter of the inlet ring of the moving grinding disc, or a gap of at least 0.5 mm compared to the diameter of the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc. The thickness of the circular baffle plate should be at least 3 mm. The buffer gap between the side of the baffle plate facing the moving grinding disc (the end face of the feed screw) and the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc should be at least 2 mm.

[0024] V I —A water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center and / or the screw tube jacket layer, characterized in that: the water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center is to connect a known rotary joint inlet to a thin inlet pipe and install it at the screw center, while the return water between the screw center and the thin inlet pipe is discharged through the outlet of the rotary joint; or / and: to connect a known inlet / outlet valve to the water-cooling channel of the screw tube jacket layer;

[0025] 2-2. For the single screw feeder, at the very end in the direction of feed, based on a newly installed grinding disc with zero wear, there should be at least a 2mm anti-collision buffer gap between the distance from the center of rotation of the moving grinding disc.

[0026] 3. As described in technical solution 1-2, the "high-efficiency feeding single screw" has at least one continuous spiral tooth extending along a single axis starting from the section below the outlet of the crushing bin, and the amount of the spiral tooth turning around the axis only needs to be in the range of 1 to 2 turns; wherein the "range of 1 to 2 turns" includes 0.5 to 2.5 turns according to the rule of "rounding up to the nearest even number".

[0027] 4. The preferred value of the following in technical solution 1, which is "using waste plastic film or / and waste agricultural film material discarded by waste paper recycling industry with a bulk density of ≥0.06kg / L and a coarse sieve size of 2 mesh, as the standard material, and the product of the output W (kg) and time T (h) of the material passing through the 'grinding mechanism' in one pass, and the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft", is: W·T / P≥8.44kg·h / kW; and after the "standard material" passes through the machine once, the obtained material contains at least particles that have passed through a sieve size of 10 mesh to no more than a sieve size of 20 mesh, and the "particles" are in the form of silkworm-like strips.

[0028] 5. The "grinding mechanism" described in technical solution 1 has the following uses:

[0029] 5-1. A grinding mill for an elastomer / plastic with a flat or frustoconical toroidal grinding surface, where the grinding discs are mounted on a horizontally positioned moving / stationary grinding surface.

[0030] 5-2. A grinding mill for an elastomer / plastic whose grinding surface is a flat plane or a frustum-cone toroidal surface, set on a seated moving / stationary grinding disc.

[0031] 6. The "grinding mechanism" described in technical solution 1 also includes the following uses: to modify existing elastomer / plastic grinding machines that are equipped with screw and grinding disc mating mechanisms, so as to improve the range of applicable materials and the quality and production capacity of their products.

[0032] 7. The "grinding mill for elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism" described in technical solution 1, as well as the "grinding mechanism", "single screw" component and the complete grinding mill containing any of the features of technical solutions 1 to 4, can all be sold as independent products. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first type of mill that integrates an improved grinding disc mechanism with a horizontal moving / static surface grinding disc made of room temperature elastomer / plastic.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second type of mill that uses an improved grinding disc mechanism fitted with a horizontal moving / static flat grinding disc made of room temperature elastomer / plastic.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first type of mill that integrates an improved grinding disc mechanism with a horizontal moving / stationary conical grinding disc made of room temperature elastomer / plastic.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second type of mill that uses an improved grinding disc mechanism to complement a horizontal moving / stationary conical grinding disc made of room temperature elastomer / plastic.

[0037] Figure 5This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding mill that uses an improved grinding disc mechanism fitted with a vertical moving / static flat grinding disc made of room temperature elastomer / plastic.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding mill that uses an improved grinding disc mechanism fitted with a vertical moving / stationary conical grinding disc made of room temperature elastomer / plastic.

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The text involves 5, 7, V, and V. I Enlarged diagram of the part.

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a black and white photograph of waste paper recycled from plastic film, which is coarsely processed through a 2-mesh sieve.

[0042] Figure 10 It is a black and white photograph of the product particles obtained when the mill is feeding normally, using a "calibrator" to pass through the mill. The particles are non-straight strips shaped like silkworm larvae.

[0043] Figures 1 to 8 The numbering explanations are as follows: I – Feeding section; II – Force-applying compression and propulsion section; III – Anti-material gripping rod traveling section; IV – Rotating blade pushing material into the middle slit of the moving / stationary grinding disc; V – Baffle preventing material from contacting the center of the moving disc; VI – Water-cooling channel mechanism located at the center of the screw and / or the screw tube jacket layer; 1 – Feeding single screw; 2 – Outlet of the fine crusher's waiting-to-crush bin; 3 – Middle slit surface of the moving / stationary flat or frustoconical grinding disc; 4 – Platform surface of the moving / stationary flat or frustoconical grinding disc. 5—End of the feed screw shaft; 6—Rotation center line of the moving grinding disc; 7—Shaft of the feed screw; 8—Outer conveying pipe of the feed screw; 9—Helical teeth; 10—Stationary grinding disc; 11—Moving grinding disc; 12—Moving grinding disc frame box; 13—Moving grinding disc shaft; 14—Transmission mechanism for driving the moving grinding disc; 15—Motor that drives the moving grinding disc; 16—Motor that drives the feed screw; 17—Transmission mechanism for driving the feed screw; 18—Stationary grinding disc frame box. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following uses selected examples and accompanying examples. Figures 1 to 10 This further illustrates the content that conforms to the concept and technical solution of the present invention, but should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1.

[0046] A mill for grinding elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism, characterized by the features described in Example 1-1 or / and Example 1-2:

[0047] Example 1-1. Regarding the grinding mechanism in question, when the feed material normally passes between the moving and stationary grinding discs of the "grinding mechanism," the "gap surface" is detailed in the appendix. Figures 1 to 6 As shown in Figure 3, waste plastic film and / or waste agricultural film from waste paper recycling industries, with a coarse particle size of passing through a 2-mesh sieve and a bulk density ≥0.06kg / L, are used as the standard. The product of the output W (kg) and time T (h) of the material passing through the "grinding mechanism" once is given by the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft: Wkg·Th / Pkw ≥ 1.30kg·h / kW. Furthermore, after passing through the "standard" material once, the obtained material contains at least particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to a particle size not exceeding 20 mesh, and these particles are in the form of silkworm-like strips. (See attached figure.) Figure 9 The images show black and white photographs of waste plastic film discarded from recycled paper, specifically film / sheet form that has passed through a 2-mesh sieve and has a bulk density ≥0.06 kg / L. Similarly, waste agricultural mulch film with the same sieve mesh size and bulk density is also shown in black and white photographs. Figure 9 Similar, therefore omitted here, attached. Figure 10 It is a black and white photograph of the product particles obtained when the mill is feeding normally, using a "calibrator" to pass through the mill. The particles are non-straight strips shaped like silkworm larvae.

[0048] Example 1-2. The grinding mechanism involved can be constructed using a grinding mill equipped with "an improved screw and grinding disc mating mechanism" for use with room temperature elastomers / plastics, the specific features of which are shown in the appendix. Figures 1 to 6 As shown: A room-temperature elastomer / plastic mill, using a single screw 1 that can prevent material from sticking to the mill disc and achieve efficient feeding of the mill disc, in conjunction with the rotating mill disc—stationary mill disc 10 / moving mill disc 11; the "single screw 1" is as shown in the attached figure. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, or two feed screws 1 connected in series, as attached. Figure 5 and 6 As shown; "Single screw 1" is positioned between the outlet 2 of the grinding mill's feed bin and the dynamic / static plane 4 where shear grinding of the elastomer / plastic is performed, or between the center or eccentricity of the inlet ring of the slit surface 4 of the frustoconical grinding disc; the axis of the single or two connected feed screws 1 is perpendicular to the slit surface 4 of the dynamic / static plane grinding disc, or to the frustoconical grinding disc's platform surface 4; the "high-efficiency feed single screw 1" is characterized by at least one continuous helical tooth 9 extending along the axis, either individually or in series, starting from a section below the outlet 2 of the grinding mill's feed bin, with the helical tooth 9 only needing to rotate 1 to 2 times around the axis, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 , 3The spiral tooth 9 rotates 2.0 times around its axis. Figure 2 The spiral tooth 9 rotates 1.0 turn around its axis. Figure 4 The number of rotations of the helical tooth 9 around the axis is 1.25, or 1.3.

[0049] As mentioned above, "at least one continuous spiral tooth 9 along the axis" means that equivalent settings are recognized, such as two or more spiral teeth 9 in the same direction or more discontinuous spirals along the uniaxial direction.

[0050] As mentioned earlier, the "range of 1 to 2 digits" has a significant number of digits n, which is 1. Following the "rounding rule" (rounding to the nearest even number), the following applies: a. When retaining n significant digits, if the (n+1)th digit is ≤ 4, discard it; b. When retaining n significant digits, if the (n+1)th digit is ≥ 6, then the nth digit is rounded up by 1; c. When retaining n significant digits, if the (n+1)th digit is 5 and the following digits are 0, then if the nth digit is even, discard the following digits; if the nth digit is odd, add 1; d. If the (n+1)th digit is 5 and there are no other non-zero digits following it, then add 1 regardless of whether the nth digit is odd or even. Therefore, the "range of 1 to 2 digits" essentially includes the range of 0.5 to 2.5 digits.

[0051] Example 2.

[0052] The "single screw capable of efficiently feeding the mill disc while resisting material sticking" described in Examples 1-2 of Embodiment 1 further includes the following preferred Example 2-1, or a combination of Examples 2-1 and 2-2:

[0053] Example 2-1. (See attached) Figures 1 to 8 As shown: The feeding single screw 1, whose working mechanism in contact with the conveyed elastomer / plastic, sequentially includes: a feeding section I, a force-applying compression and propulsion section II, a material-resistant rod traveling section III, a rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs, a baffle V that prevents the material from contacting the center of the moving disc, and a water-cooling channel mechanism VI disposed at the center of the screw and / or in the screw tube jacket layer; the combination is arranged in combination with I, or I in combination with any or more of II to VI in sequence, and the improved features of each of "I" to "VI" and "sequential combination" are as follows:

[0054] I—The feeding section, which is connected after the outlet 2 of the crushing bin of the fine crusher and before the force-applying compression and propulsion section II, is characterized by:

[0055] The pitch of the single or / and double helical teeth 9 of the feed section I on the single screw during one revolution should be at least α relative to the length α of the outlet 2 of the crusher's feed bin, that is: the length α of the outlet 2 of the feed section I on the screw ≤ the pitch s of the helical teeth 9 during one revolution. IThe width b of its outlet 2 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe of the feed section I. I ;

[0056] Or / and: The volume V conveyed by the helical teeth 9 of unit 1 of feed section I, based on one revolution. I The volume V transported by the helical teeth 9 of the first unit of the compression propulsion section II II The ratio is: V I / V II = 1.0 to 10.0 / 1.0 range;

[0057] Feed section I screw conveyor inner wall diameter D I ≥Diameter d of the inner wall of the screw conveyor pipe in the compression propulsion section II II ;

[0058] II – Force-applying compression propulsion section, which is connected after feeding section I and before anti-material clamping rod traveling section III, is characterized by:

[0059] The helical teeth 9 are set within the range of 0.5 to 1 to 1.5 revolutions, and the tooth pitch s of the helical teeth 9 is... II ≤Feed section I spiral teeth 9 tooth pitch s I Its spiral teeth have a height of 9 teeth, h. II ≤Feed section I spiral tooth height h 9 teeth I When h II =h I At that time, the inner diameter d of its spiral conveying pipe II Equal to the inner diameter D of the spiral conveyor pipe in feed section I I This situation is as follows (see attached) Figure 1 As shown; when h II <h I At that time, the inner wall of its spiral conveying pipe has a large end diameter D. II / small end diameter d II The frustum-shaped cone has a large end diameter D. II Connected to the inner wall of pipe D in feed section I I Small end diameter d II Connected to the inner wall of the pipe in section III of the anti-material clamping rod III This situation is as follows (see attached) Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 6;

[0060] Or / and: The volume V transported by the helical teeth 9 of unit II of the compression propulsion section, based on one revolution of rotation. II The volume V conveyed by the spiral teeth 9 of unit 1 of the feeding section I I The ratio is: V II / V I = 1.0 / 1.0~10.0 range;

[0061] Or, in accordance with the above V II / V I Under the condition of 1.0 / 1.0 to 10.0, the height h of the 9th tooth of the helical tooth II is... II If the value is 0, then there will be no spiral teeth 9. This situation is illustrated in the attached diagram. Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 6;

[0062] III – The anti-material gripping rod travel section, which is connected after the force-applying compression propulsion section II and before the "rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs", is characterized by:

[0063] The screw shaft 7 of the feed screw is not provided with helical teeth 9, and: or on the basis of the aforementioned "not providing helical teeth", a screw shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter is provided, or / and an inner wall of the screw conveying tube with a gradually increasing diameter is provided; the gradually decreasing diameter includes at least a 2mm decrease in the diameter of the screw shaft every 500mm of movement; the gradually increasing diameter includes at least a 2mm increase in the diameter of the inner wall of the screw conveying tube every 500mm of movement.

[0064] Or the “screw shaft with gradually decreasing diameter” mentioned above, the starting point of which can be set can start from the connection point between the end of I and the beginning of II of the screw shaft;

[0065] IV – The rotating blade that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs, it is connected after the "anti-material gripping rod travel section III" and before the "baffle V that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc". See appendix for details. Figure 7 and 8 Its features are:

[0066] Rotary blade IV has a vertical pushing working surface that pushes material onto the slit surface between the moving / stationary grinding discs. This "working surface" is either a flat vertical surface or an outwardly curved vertical surface in the pushing direction. The root of rotary blade IV is connected to the screw shaft 7. The head of rotary blade IV is close to the inlet of the slit surface between the moving / stationary grinding discs, with a minimum clearance of 1 mm. The horizontal height of the "working surface" of rotary blade IV should be at least half the height of the edge of the slit inlet between the moving / stationary grinding discs. The number of rotary blades IV is: 1, or any one of 2, 3, or 4 evenly distributed on the screw shaft. Figure 8 Two settings are shown in the diagram; the rest can be deduced similarly.

[0067] V—A baffle that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc. It is connected to the rotating blade IV that pushes material into the narrow slit between the moving and stationary grinding discs and the end of the feed screw shaft 5. The side of the baffle facing the moving grinding disc 11 is the end of the feed screw. Its characteristic is:

[0068] The baffle V is circular, and its diameter should have a gap of at least 0.5 mm compared with the diameter of the inlet ring of the moving grinding disc 11, or a gap of at least 0.5 mm compared with the diameter of the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc 11; the thickness of the circular baffle V should be at least 3 mm; the buffer gap between the side of the circular baffle V facing the moving grinding disc 11, which is the end face of the feed screw, and the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving grinding disc should be at least 2 mm.

[0069] VI—Water-cooling channel mechanism for the screw center and / or screw tube jacket layer, characterized in that:

[0070] The water-cooling channel mechanism at the screw center involves connecting a thin inlet pipe to the inlet of a known rotary joint and installing it at the screw center. Water returning between the screw center and the thin inlet pipe is then discharged through the outlet of the rotary joint. (See attached diagram.) Figure 1 ;

[0071] OR / AND: Connecting the known inlet / outlet water valve to the water cooling channel of the screw tube jacket layer is common knowledge, and the attached diagram is omitted;

[0072] Example 2-2. For the single screw 1 used for feeding, at the very end in the direction of feeding, based on the assumption that the wear of the grinding discs 10 and 11 is zero, there should be at least a 2mm anti-collision buffer gap between the end of the screw and the center of rotation of the moving grinding disc 11.

[0073] Examples of the specific usage effects of this embodiment 2 compared to Chinese patent CN102211049B are shown in the table below:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Example 3.

[0079] The "grinding mechanism" described in Example 1 has the following uses:

[0080] Example 3-1. (See attached) Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the grinding mill for elastomers / plastics with flat or frustoconical toroidal surfaces is set on a horizontally mounted moving / stationary grinding disc.

[0081] Example 3-2. (See attached) Figure 5 , 6 As shown, an elastomer / plastic is ground on a rotating / stationary grinding disc with a flat or frustoconical toroidal surface.

[0082] Example 4.

[0083] The preferred value of the standard material described in Example 1, which is waste plastic film or / and waste agricultural film material discarded in the waste paper recycling industry with a bulk density of ≥0.06kg / L and a coarse sieve size of 2 mesh, is W·T / P ≥8.44kg·h / kw. The product of the output W (kg) and time T (h) of the material passing through the "grinding mechanism" in one pass is given by the ratio of the rated power P (kw) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft. For the origin of this value, please refer to part 2 of the "Beneficial effects of use, at least summarized" paragraph in the appendix of Example 2. After passing through the "standard material" once, the obtained material contains at least particles that pass through a sieve size of 10 mesh to no more than 20 mesh, and the "particles" are in the form of silkworm-like strips.

[0084] Example 5.

[0085] The "grinding mechanism" described in Example 1 can also be used to modify existing elastomer / plastic grinding machines that are equipped with screw and grinding disc mating mechanisms, so as to improve the range of applicable materials and the quality and production capacity of their products.

[0086] Example 6.

[0087] The "milling machine for an elastomer / plastic with an improved grinding mechanism" described in Example 1, as well as the "grinding mechanism", "single screw" component and the complete milling machine containing any of the features of technical solutions 1 to 4, can all be sold as independent products.

[0088] For any of the numbers in the accompanying drawings not mentioned in the above embodiments, please refer back to paragraph

[0046] for the "..." Figures 1 to 8 Explanation of the numbering in the document.

[0089] As can be further understood from the detailed description of the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0090] When the improved grinding mechanism proposed in this invention is used in an elastomer / plastic mill, low-bulk-density film / sheet waste plastic film, which cannot be processed by existing mills, can be processed into granules. The granules can be used downstream, as shown in Example 1 and Example 2, comparing examples 4 and 3 in the appendix. At the same time, this modified grinding mechanism proposed in this invention can also increase the powder output of hot vulcanized waste rubber, as shown in Example 2, comparing example 6 and example 1 in the appendix.

[0091] This invention proposes an improved grinding mechanism, the core of which includes: a feeding section I, a force-applying compression and propulsion section II, and an anti-material-clamping rod traveling section III; the improved auxiliary parts include: a rotating blade IV that pushes material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs, and a baffle V that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc. The core improvement of this invention's improved grinding mechanism is: the volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of the feeding section I, calculated as 1 rotation on the coaxial axis. I The theoretical volume V transported by the helical teeth of the compression propulsion section II is related to the applied force. II The ratio is V I / V II =1 to 10 / 1, which reflects the technical improvement, including consideration of the low bulk density factor of the feed, which provides a way to enable low bulk density materials such as plastic films to pass through the machine at a high flow rate like granular vulcanized rubber; also a core improvement is the anti-material gripping rod travel section III, which does not have helical teeth on the rotating shaft, and is further provided with a bare shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter, or / and a screw conveyor pipe inner wall with a gradually increasing diameter. This allows the material to be compressed only at the inlet, and then becomes looser as it moves forward, and is no longer subjected to excessive friction from ineffective or inefficient propulsion. The improved grinding mechanism proposed in this invention has the following auxiliary improvements: the rotating blade IV that pushes the material into the narrow slit between the moving / stationary grinding discs, and the baffle V that prevents the material from contacting the center of the moving disc. Unlike Chinese Patent CN102211049B, it does not need to emphasize the lubrication and softness of the material, which brings convenience to the simplification of manufacturing. These can all be seen in detail in Embodiment 2.

[0092] For any references to the figures not mentioned in the above embodiments, please refer back to paragraph

[0046] for the “…” Figures 1 to 8 Explanation of the numbering in the document.

[0093] The "mesh" used in this invention for sieve holes / filters and particle sieving complies with the Chinese standard GB / T5330-2003, "Industrial Metal Wire Woven Square Hole Screens".

[0094] Of course, those skilled in the art will also make many modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention, but these equivalent changes and modifications that do not break through the overall framework of the technical solution of the present invention, and ultimately obtain the "high-efficiency feeding single screw" described in technical solution 1 of the present invention, should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mill for grinding elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism, characterized in that, include: When the feed material passes normally through the narrow slit between the moving / static grinding discs of the grinding mechanism, using waste plastic film or / and waste agricultural mulch film with a bulk density ≥0.06kg / L and passing through a 2-mesh sieve as a benchmark, the product of the output W (kg) and time T (h) of the material passing through the grinding mechanism in one pass is given by the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft: W·T / P ≥ 1.30kg·h / kW; and after passing through the grinding mechanism once using the benchmark, the obtained material contains at least particles that pass through a 10-mesh sieve to no more than a 20-mesh sieve, and the particles are in the form of silkworm-like strips; The mill uses a single screw that can resist material clamping and achieve efficient feeding of the mill disc, which works in conjunction with the rotating mill disc. The single screw is a single or two feed screws arranged in series, which are set between or eccentrically between the outlet of the mill's material bin and the center of the inlet ring of the moving / static plane or the middle slit surface of the frustoconical rotating mill disc where shear force is applied to grind the elastomer / plastic. The axis of the feed single screw is perpendicular to the middle slit plane of the moving / static plane rotating mill disc, or to the frustoconical rotating mill disc. Starting from a section below the outlet of the mill's material bin, the single screw has at least one continuous helical tooth extending along the axis, and the amount of rotation of the helical tooth around the axis is only in the range of 1 to 2 turns. The single screw for feeding, in contact with the working mechanism of the conveyed elastomer / plastic, comprises in sequence: feeding section I, force-applying compression and propulsion section II, anti-material gripping rod traveling section III, rotating blade IV that pushes material into the middle slit of the moving / static grinding disc, baffle V that prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc, and water-cooling channel mechanism VI set at the center of the screw and / or the screw tube jacket layer. Feed section I, which is connected after the feed bin outlet and before the force-applying compression propulsion section, the pitch of the single or / and double helical teeth on the single screw of the feed section for one revolution should be at least directly relative to the length of the feed bin outlet, that is: the length of the feed bin outlet a ≤ the pitch sI of the helical teeth on the feed section screw for one revolution. The width b of its outlet is greater than or equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feed section. I ; or / and: the volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of one unit of feed section I, based on one revolution. I The volume V transported by the helical teeth of Unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II II The ratio is: V I / V II = 1~10 / 1 range; Feed section I screw conveyor inner wall diameter DI ≥ Force compression propulsion section II screw conveyor inner wall diameter d II ; The force-applying compression propulsion section II has a helical tooth setting range of 0.5 to 1 to 1.5 revolutions, and its helical tooth pitch s II ≤Feed section helical tooth pitch s I Its helical tooth height h II ≤ Height of the spiral teeth in the feed section h I When h II =h I At that time, the inner diameter d of its spiral conveying pipe II Equal to the inner diameter D of the screw conveyor pipe in the feeding section I When h II ≤h I At that time, the inner wall of its spiral conveying pipe has a large end diameter D. II / small end diameter d II The frustum-shaped cone has a large end diameter D. II D, connected to the inner wall of the feed section I Small end diameter d II Connected to the inner wall of the pipe in section III of the anti-material clamping rod III ; or / and: the volume V transported by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the compression propulsion section II, based on one revolution of rotation. II The volume V conveyed by the helical teeth of unit 1 of the feed section I I The ratio is: V II / V I = in the range of 1 / 1 to 10; or satisfying the above V II / V I Under the condition that = 1 / 1 to 10, the helical tooth height h of II II A value of 0 means there are no spiral teeth; The anti-material gripping rod traveling section III has no helical teeth on the feed screw shaft, but has a screw shaft with a gradually decreasing diameter, or / and has a screw conveying pipe inner wall with a gradually increasing diameter. The rotating blade IV pushes the material into the middle slit of the moving / stationary grinding disc. The rotating blade has a vertical pushing working surface that pushes the material into the middle slit of the moving / stationary grinding disc. The working surface is either a flat vertical surface or an outwardly curved vertical surface in the pushing direction. The root of the rotating blade is connected to the screw shaft. The head of the rotating blade should have a gap of at least 1 mm between it and the inlet of the middle slit of the moving / stationary grinding disc. The baffle V, which prevents material from contacting the center of the moving disc, has its side facing the moving disc as the end of the feed screw. The baffle is circular, and its diameter should have a gap of at least 0.5 mm compared to the diameter of the inlet ring of the moving disc, or a gap of at least 0.5 mm compared to the diameter of the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving disc. The thickness of the circular baffle should be at least 3 mm. The buffer gap between its side facing the moving disc (the end of the feed screw) and the disc-shaped concave ring at the center of the moving disc should be at least 2 mm. The water cooling channel mechanism VI of the screw center and / or the screw tube jacket layer, the water cooling channel mechanism of the screw center is to connect a thin water inlet pipe to the water inlet of the rotary joint and install it at the screw center, and to discharge the return water between the screw center and the thin water inlet pipe through the water outlet of the rotary joint; or / and connect the inlet / outlet water valve port to the water cooling channel of the screw tube jacket layer. The end of the single screw for feeding should have a minimum anti-collision buffer gap of 2mm from the center of rotation of the moving grinding disc.

2. A mill for grinding elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gradually decreasing diameter of the anti-material clamping rod travel section III includes at least a 2mm decrease in screw shaft diameter every 500mm of screw shaft travel; the gradually increasing diameter includes at least a 2mm increase in the inner wall diameter of the screw conveyor pipe every 500mm of screw conveyor pipe travel; or the starting point of the gradually decreasing diameter screw shaft can be set from the connection point between the end of the screw shaft feeding section I and the beginning of the force-applying compression propulsion section II.

3. A mill for grinding elastomers / plastics with an improved grinding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The product of the output W (kg) and the time T (h) is expressed as the ratio of the rated power P (kW) of the main motor driving the grinding disc shaft. The value is: W·T / P ≥ 8.44 kg·h / kW.

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