Two-stage shear damper and its design method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a two-stage shear damper and a design method thereof. The two-stage shear damper includes: a first energy absorbing unit and a second energy absorbing unit. The second energy absorbing unit is connected in series with the first energy absorbing unit in the axial direction, and the axial direction is the length direction of the two-stage shear damper. The second energy absorbing unit includes: a second core plate, an outer cover plate, a viscoelastic material layer and an axial limiter. The outer cover plate is arranged on at least one side of the second core plate in the thickness direction, and the viscoelastic material layer is arranged between the second core plate and the outer cover plate. The axial limiter is connected to the second core plate and is arranged perpendicular to the outer cover plate to axially limit the second energy absorbing unit. The shear limiter is located on both sides of the outer cover plate in the width direction and is spaced apart from the outer cover plate to limit the deformation range of the second energy absorbing unit. According to the two-stage shear damper of the present invention, the shear limiter is used to realize the switching of the two energy absorbing units under different deformation conditions, and the performance is stable and the deformation capacity is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a double-stage shear damper and a design method of the double-stage shear damper. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, by installing shear dampers at appropriate locations in frame or shear wall structures, the seismic energy can be dissipated and the structural response can be reduced. However, traditional shear dampers only have one yield point. Under the action of an earthquake, the floors with larger deformations will yield first, resulting in concentrated deformations and a weak layer, which greatly reduces the deformation capacity and anti-collapse ability of the structure. On the other hand, under the action of small earthquakes, the dampers often do not enter plasticity, making it difficult to increase structural damping and control the acceleration response of the structure. Therefore, under small earthquakes, especially for shear wall structures, the acceleration response is too large, and acceleration-sensitive non-structural components are severely damaged, making it difficult to achieve rapid recovery of the building's post-earthquake function. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a two-stage shear damper, which has corresponding energy dissipation capacity and additional damping effect under different deformation conditions.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a design method for a dual-stage shear damper.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a two-stage shear damper includes: a first energy absorbing unit and a second energy absorbing unit, wherein the second energy absorbing unit is connected in series with the first energy absorbing unit in an axial direction, wherein the axial direction is the length direction of the two-stage shear damper, and the second energy absorbing unit includes: a second core plate and an outer cover plate, wherein the outer cover plate is arranged on at least one side of the second core plate in a thickness direction; a viscoelastic material layer, wherein the viscoelastic material layer is arranged between the second core plate and the outer cover plate; an axial limiter, wherein the axial limiter is connected to the second core plate and is arranged perpendicular to the outer cover plate to axially limit the second energy absorbing unit; and a shear limiter, wherein the shear limiter is located on both sides of the outer cover plate in a width direction and is spaced apart from the outer cover plate to limit the deformation range of the second energy absorbing unit.

[0006] According to the dual-stage shear damper of the embodiment of the present invention, by connecting the second energy dissipation unit and the first energy dissipation unit in series, the axial limiter can ensure the axial tensile resistance of the connecting beam, and the shear limiter can limit the deformation range of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit. Thus, the hysteresis effect of the dual-stage shear damper is achieved. The dual-stage shear damper is applied to a frame or shear wall structure. Under small deformation, the second energy dissipation unit dissipates energy, and under large deformation, the first energy dissipation unit is switched to dissipate energy, thereby effectively controlling the deformation mode of the structure and reducing the seismic response of the structure.

[0007] In addition, the two-stage shear damper according to the above embodiment of the present invention also has the following additional technical features:

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second energy consumption unit is disposed on at least one side of the first energy consumption unit along the axial direction, or the second energy consumption unit is disposed in the first energy consumption unit.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the viscoelastic material layer is bonded to the second core plate and the outer cover plate respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the viscoelastic material layer is a high damping material layer, and both ends of the viscoelastic material layer along the axial direction do not exceed the outer cover plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer cover plate is formed with a matching groove which is arranged to penetrate the outer cover plate along the thickness direction, and the axial limiter is welded to the second core plate and is movable at the matching groove.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second core plate includes at least one. When the second core plate includes multiple, the viscoelastic material layer is provided between two adjacent second core plates. The second energy dissipation unit also includes: a second connecting plate, which is provided on one side of the second energy dissipation unit along the axial direction and connected to the outer cover plate.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first energy dissipation unit is a metal energy dissipation unit or a friction energy dissipation unit, and the first energy dissipation unit includes: a first core plate, which is welded to the second core plate; stiffening ribs, which are arranged on at least one side of the first core plate along the thickness direction; flanges, which are arranged on the edge of at least one side of the first core plate along the width direction and are connected to the stiffening ribs; and a first connecting plate, which is respectively connected to the first core plate and the flange.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shear limiter comprises a limiter plate, and the limiter plate is welded to the flange; or, the limiter plate and the flange are an integral structural member.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dual-stage shear damper is constructed as a structure symmetrical in a thickness direction.

[0016] The present invention also provides a design method of a dual-stage shear damper having the above embodiment.

[0017] According to the design method of the second aspect of the present invention, a simplified mechanical model of the two-stage shear damper and a hysteresis curve under a reciprocating load are designed, and the stiffness K1, K2, K3 of each stage of the two-stage shear damper and the damper output corresponding to each stage can be obtained by the following formulas (1) to (5):

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] F1=δ st K1 (3)

[0021] F2=δ st K1+K2(δ se -δ st ) (4)

[0022] F3=δ st K1+K2(δ se -δ st )+K3(δ sd -δ se ) (5)

[0023] Among them, Kve is the equivalent stiffness of the second energy absorption unit, Ksy is the elastic stiffness of the first energy absorption unit, Ksyy is the secondary stiffness of the first energy absorption unit, δst is the allowable deformation range of the second energy absorption unit, that is, the design displacement considering the structure under frequent earthquakes, Kst is the elastic stiffness of the shear limiter, δse is the deformation corresponding to the yield of the first energy absorption unit, and δsd is the design displacement of the damper considering the structure under rare earthquakes.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first configuration of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a front view of a first configuration of a dual-stage shear-type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a top view of a first configuration of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a side view of a first configuration of a dual-stage shear-type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 1 is a perspective view of a second structure of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken from a first angle.

[0031] Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second structure of a dual-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken from a second angle.

[0032] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second structure of a dual-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken from a third angle.

[0033] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a front view of a second configuration of a dual-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a top view of a second configuration of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a side view of a second configuration of a dual-stage shear-type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.11 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a third structure of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.12 FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a third structure of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention from another angle.

[0038] Fig.13 FIG. 4 is a front view of a third configuration of a dual-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.14 FIG. 4 is a top view of a third configuration of a dual-stage shear damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.15 FIG. 1 is a side view of a third configuration of a dual-stage shear-type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.16 FIG. 4 is a front view of a fourth configuration of a dual-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of a dual-stage shear damper installed on a coupled shear wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of a dual-stage shear damper installed on a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.19 4 is a simplified mechanical model diagram of a two-stage shear type damper constructed in a design method of a two-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig. 20 yes Fig.19 A hysteresis curve diagram of a two-stage shear type damper under reciprocating load in a design method of a two-stage shear type damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] Two-stage shear damper 100,

[0048] The first energy dissipation unit 101, the first core plate 1, the stiffening rib 2, the flange 3, the shear limiter 4, the limiter plate 41, the first connecting plate 11,

[0049] The second energy dissipation unit 102, the second core plate 6, the viscoelastic material layer 7, the outer cover plate 8, the axial limiter 9, the matching groove 10, the second connecting plate 5,

[0050] Combined shear wall 12 and frame 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0052] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides various specific processes and examples of materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0053] A dual-stage shear type damper 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] The dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first energy dissipation unit 101 and a second energy dissipation unit 102. Here, the first energy dissipation unit 101 may be, for example, a metal energy dissipation unit or a friction energy dissipation unit, etc., and the first energy dissipation unit 101 may be, for example, a metal yield or friction damper, etc.; the second energy dissipation unit 102 may be a viscoelastic energy dissipation unit.

[0055] Specifically, the second energy dissipation unit 102 is connected in series with the first energy dissipation unit 101 in the axial direction, where the axial direction is the length direction of the two-stage shear damper 100 (eg Figure 1 The second energy consuming unit 102 and the first energy consuming unit 101 may be connected in a welding manner, etc. The series connection of the second energy consuming unit 102 and the first energy consuming unit 101 may be understood as the series connection of the forces between them after the connection.

[0056] The second energy dissipation unit 102 includes: a second core plate 6, an outer cover plate 8, a viscoelastic material layer 7, an axial stopper 9 and a shear stopper 4. Specifically, the outer cover plate 8 is disposed on at least one side of the second core plate 6 along the thickness direction; the thickness direction can refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the outer cover plate 8 can be arranged on one side of the second core plate 6 along the thickness direction; in some embodiments, the outer cover plate 8 can be arranged on both sides of the second core plate 6 along the thickness direction, etc. In this case, with the second core plate 6 as the symmetry plane, the outer cover plate 8 can be arranged on both sides of the second core plate 6 and be spaced apart from the second core plate 6.

[0057] The viscoelastic material layer 7 is disposed between the second core plate 6 and the outer cover plate 8; the viscoelastic material layer 7 can be connected to the second core plate 6 and the outer cover plate 8 respectively. The axial limiter 9 is connected to the second core plate 6, and the axial limiter 9 can be disposed perpendicular to the outer cover plate 8, so that the second energy consumption unit 102 can be axially limited by the axial limiter 9.

[0058] The shear limiter 4 is located on the outer cover plate 8 along the width direction (for example Figure 1 The shear limiter 4 can be arranged to be spaced apart from the outer cover plate 8, so that the deformation range of the second energy consumption unit 102 can be limited by the shear limiter 4.

[0059] For example, in Figure 1 In the A2 direction shown in FIG, the shear limiter 4 is not in contact with the outer cover plate 8, but is set at a predetermined distance from the outer cover plate 8. The shear limiter 4 limits the shear deformation of the second energy dissipation unit 102 (such as a viscoelastic energy dissipation unit) within a certain range. Beyond this range, the shear limiter 4 will play a role and transfer the deformation to the first energy dissipation unit 101 (such as a metal energy dissipation unit).

[0060] Among them, the viscoelastic energy dissipation material layer 7, the axial limiter 9, the second core plate 6, and the shear limiter 4 serve as the force-bearing components of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit. In the present application, the second energy dissipation unit 102 (for example, a viscoelastic energy dissipation unit) is connected in series with the first energy dissipation unit 101 (for example, a metal energy dissipation unit or a friction energy dissipation unit). The axial limiter 9 can ensure the axial tensile and compressive resistance of the connecting beam, and the shear limiter 4 can limit the deformation range of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit. This structure realizes the hysteresis effect of the two-stage shear damper 100. The two-stage shear damper 100 is applied to the frame 13 or shear wall structure. The viscoelastic energy dissipation unit dissipates energy under small deformation, and switches to the metal energy dissipation unit or the friction energy dissipation unit dissipates energy under large deformation, thereby effectively controlling the structural deformation mode and reducing the structural seismic response.

[0061] The dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has corresponding energy dissipation capacity and additional damping effect under different deformation conditions. Among them, under the action of small earthquakes, the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit first dissipates energy, additionally damps and reduces the acceleration response of the structure to protect non-structural components. Under the action of large earthquakes, the structural deformation increases, and at this time, the metal energy dissipation unit enters plasticity and has a stronger energy dissipation capacity. And under different deformations, different energy dissipation units of the damper will be excited to dissipate energy.

[0062] According to the dual-stage shear damper 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by connecting the second energy dissipation unit 102 and the first energy dissipation unit 101 in series, the axial limiter 9 can ensure the axial tensile resistance of the connecting beam, and the shear limiter 4 can limit the deformation range of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit. Thus, the hysteresis effect of the dual-stage shear damper 100 is achieved. The dual-stage shear damper 100 is applied to the frame 13 or shear wall structure. Under small deformation, the second energy dissipation unit 102 dissipates energy, and under large deformation, it switches to the first energy dissipation unit 101 to dissipate energy, so as to effectively control the structural deformation mode and reduce the structural seismic response.

[0063] The dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of stable performance, high rigidity, high deformation capacity, high energy dissipation capacity, simple structure, etc.

[0064] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second energy dissipation unit 102 is disposed on at least one side of the first energy dissipation unit 101 along the axial direction, or the second energy dissipation unit 102 is disposed in the first energy dissipation unit 101. That is, the dual-stage shear damper 100 in the present application includes a variety of different embodiments, and the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit can be independently disposed on one side of the dual-stage shear damper, or on both sides or in the middle of the dual-stage shear damper, and both can exert the dual-stage energy dissipation effect.

[0065] Specifically, in some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the second energy consumption unit 102 may be disposed on one side of the first energy consumption unit 101 along the axial direction (eg, the left side or the right side of the direction A1); in some embodiments, referring to Figures 5 to 10 , the second energy consumption unit 102 can be respectively arranged on both sides of the first energy consumption unit 101 along the axial direction (for example, the left and right sides of the direction A1). Of course, in some embodiments, referring to Figures 11 to 15 , the second energy consumption unit 102 may also be disposed in the first energy consumption unit 101. The relative position of the second energy consumption unit 102 and the first energy consumption unit 101 may be adaptively set according to actual needs.

[0066] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the viscoelastic material layer 7 is respectively bonded to the second core plate 6 and the outer cover plate 8. The viscoelastic material layer 7 and the second core plate 6 can be bonded, and the viscoelastic material layer 7 and the outer cover plate 8 can also be bonded. In this way, bonding facilitates the connection between the viscoelastic material layer 7 and the second core plate 6 and the outer cover plate 8, and is easy to operate.

[0067] Furthermore, the viscoelastic material layer 7 is a high damping material layer, and both ends of the viscoelastic material layer 7 along the axial direction do not exceed the outer cover plate 8. For example, the viscoelastic material layer 7 can be, for example, a rubber member, etc. In the present application, the viscoelastic material is a high damping material, so that the second energy consumption unit 102 has a large deformation range and strong viscoelasticity, thereby increasing the shock absorption performance of the second energy consumption unit 102.

[0068] The viscoelastic material layer 7 is Figure 1 The two ends of the A1 direction shown in the figure do not exceed the outer cover plate 8, and the area of ​​the viscoelastic material layer 7 can be smaller than the smaller area of ​​the outer cover plate 8 and the second core plate 6. For example, the viscoelastic material layer 7 is placed between the second core plate 6 and the outer cover plate 8 and is completely covered by the outer cover plate 8, so that the viscoelastic material layer 7 is Figure 1 During the movement in the up and down directions (as shown in FIG), the outer cover plate 8 plays a role in protecting the viscoelastic material layer 7.

[0069] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer cover plate 8 is formed with a plurality of Figure 1 The axial limiter 9 is welded to the second core plate 6 and can move in the matching groove 10. For example, the outer cover plate 8 can be provided with a matching groove 10, which is arranged to penetrate the outer cover plate 8 along the thickness direction of the outer cover plate 8, and the viscoelastic material layer 7 can be provided with a through hole corresponding to the matching groove 10. The axial limiter 9 is arranged on the left side along the length direction ( Figure 1 The axial stopper 9 can be moved in the mating groove 10 through the through hole. The axial stopper 9 can be a pin-type structure, and the axial stopper 9 and the viscoelastic material layer 7 can form a T-shaped structure (combined with the viscoelastic material layer 7). Fig. 9 ), thus, by connecting the axial limit member 9 with the pin groove of the outer cover plate 8 of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit, the axial deformation of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit can be limited.

[0070] According to the dual-stage shear damper 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, in a small deformation state, the second energy dissipation unit 102 dissipates energy, the outer cover plate 8 drives the viscoelastic material layer 7 to shake, and the second core plate 6 moves with the viscoelastic material layer 7. Because the axial limit member 9 is welded to the second core plate 6 and can move at the matching groove 10, the axial limit member 9 shakes slightly in the matching groove 10, thereby reducing the shaking amplitude of the second core plate 6 and achieving a shock absorbing effect.

[0071] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second core plate 6 includes at least one, and when the second core plate 6 includes multiple, a viscoelastic material layer 7 is provided between two adjacent second core plates 6, and the second energy dissipation unit 102 further includes: a second connecting plate 5, the second connecting plate 5 is provided on one side of the second energy dissipation unit 102 along the axial direction and is connected to the outer cover plate 8. For example, the second connecting plate 5 can be provided on one side of the second energy dissipation unit 102 along the axial direction, and the second connecting plate 5 can be connected to the outer cover plate 8. The second connecting plate 5 facilitates the assembly connection between the two-stage shear damper 100 and the wall surface, etc. Here, the end of the second connecting plate 5 connected to the wall surface can be fixed by traditional embedded plate welding or replaceable bolt connection, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second core plate 6 may be one or more. When there is one second core plate 6, the second core plate 6 is disposed between the viscoelastic material layer 7 and the outer cover plate 8. When there are multiple second core plates 6, a viscoelastic material layer 7 is disposed between two adjacent second core plates 6. As the number of second core plates 6 increases, the number of viscoelastic material layers 7 also increases. Each second core plate 6 is disposed between the outer cover plate 8 along the thickness direction ( Figure 1 As the number of the second core plates 6 increases (in the A3 direction), the bearing capacity of the second energy consumption unit 102 also increases accordingly.

[0073] In some embodiments, one end of the second connecting plate 5 along the axial direction is connected to the second connecting plate 5, and the other end is connected to the building. The connection method can be bolt connection, which is simple to assemble and easy to replace quickly.

[0074] The projections of the first energy dissipation unit 101 and the second energy dissipation unit 102 on the plane where the second connecting plate 5 is located are both located on the inner side of the second connecting plate 5, which can increase the force-bearing area and reduce the pressure per unit area on the surface of the compressed object. Therefore, the surface of the building connected to the second connecting plate 5 is not easily damaged, and the structure of the two-stage shear damper 100 tends to be stable.

[0075] Combination Figure 1 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first energy dissipation unit 101 includes: a first core plate 1 , a stiffening rib 2 , a flange 3 and a first connecting plate 11 .

[0076] Specifically, the first core plate 1 is welded to the second core plate 6; the stiffening rib 2 is arranged on at least one side of the first core plate 1 along the A3 direction; the flange 3 is arranged on the edge of at least one side of the first core plate 1 along the A2 direction, and the flange 3 is connected to the stiffening rib 2; the first connecting plate 11 is respectively connected to the first core plate 1 and the flange 3.

[0077] For example, the stiffening rib 2 can be arranged on one or both sides of the first core plate 1 along the A3 direction; the flange 3 is arranged on the edge of one or both sides of the first core plate 1 along the A2 direction; the first connecting plate 11 can be arranged on at least one side of the first core plate 1 along the axial direction. Among them, the first core plate 1, the stiffening rib 2, and the flange 3 are force-bearing components of the metal energy dissipation unit. Optionally, the number of the second core plates 6 can be one or more. The first energy dissipation unit 101 and the second energy dissipation unit 102 are in a one-to-one correspondence at the connection. In addition to the above-mentioned assembly relationship, the first energy dissipation unit 101 Fig.16 Also shown is a structural schematic diagram of the dual-stage shear damper 100 when the first energy dissipation unit 101 is a friction energy dissipation unit.

[0078] The stiffening ribs 2 are connected to the first core plate 1 by welding. A deformation space is defined between each stiffening rib 2, and at the same time, a deformation and recovery space is provided for the swing amplitude of the first core plate 1, so that the first core plate 1 is not easily damaged during deformation. The setting of the flange 3 limits the deformation range of the two-stage shear damper 100 in the width direction, which plays a reinforcing role. The flange 3 is connected to the first core plate 1, which can limit the deformation degree of the first core plate 1 in the thickness direction, and avoid the first core plate 1 from breaking due to excessive bending angle in the thickness direction. The flange 3 is connected to the stiffening rib 2, which plays a reinforcing role for the deformation of the stiffening rib 2 in the left and right directions, avoids the phenomenon of the stiffening rib 2 falling off from the first core plate 1, and can prevent the stiffening rib 2 from swinging in the left and right directions, limiting the deformation range of the stiffening rib 2.

[0079] The dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has corresponding energy dissipation capacity and additional damping effect under different deformation conditions. Among them, under the action of small earthquakes, the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit first dissipates energy, additionally damps and reduces the acceleration response of the structure to protect non-structural components. Under the action of large earthquakes, the structural deformation increases, and at this time, the metal energy dissipation unit enters plasticity and has a stronger energy dissipation capacity. And under different deformations, different energy dissipation units of the damper will be excited to dissipate energy.

[0080] Further, the shear limiter 4 includes a limiter plate 41, and the limiter plate 41 is welded to the flange 3; or, the limiter plate 41 and the flange 3 are an integral structural member. In short, the shear limiter 4 and the flange 3 in the present application can be separate parts or an integral part. For example, in some embodiments, the shear limiter 4 can include a limiter plate 41, and the limiter plate 41 is welded to the flange 3; in some embodiments, the shear limiter 4 can also include a limiter plate 41, and the limiter plate 41 and the flange 3 are an integral structural member.

[0081] In some embodiments, the limiting plate 41 is provided on at least one side of the second energy consuming unit 102 along the width direction, and the second energy consuming unit 102 is spaced apart from the limiting plate 41, so as to define a deformation space for the second energy consuming unit 102, and the limiting plate 41 has the characteristics of strong rigidity and large deformation capacity. The limiting plate 41 and the flange 3 can be welded or integrated structural parts, so as to achieve the purpose of connecting the limiting plate 41 with the flange 3, and disperse the stress points of the limiting plate 41. The limiting plate 41 can effectively control the energy consumption of the second energy consuming unit 102 within a small deformation range. When a large deformation occurs, it exceeds the limit value of the second energy consuming unit 102, which will be reflected through the limiting plate 41. The limiting plate 41 will transmit the received large deformation force to the first energy consuming unit 101 through the characteristic of being connected to the flange 3, so that the first energy consuming unit 101 consumes energy under a large deformation degree.

[0082] According to the dual-stage shear damper 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the shear limiter 4 does not limit the shear deformation of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit within a certain range. Beyond the certain range, the shear deformation of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit is limited by the limiter plate 41, and the deformation is transmitted to the metal energy dissipation unit or the friction energy dissipation unit.

[0083] The dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to process, can be industrially produced, and can significantly improve the seismic performance of the structure, reduce structural damage, and achieve a rapid recovery function after an earthquake.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present invention, the two-stage shear damper 100 is constructed into a symmetrical structure in the A3 direction. The first energy dissipation unit 101 takes the first core plate 1 as a symmetry plane, and the second energy dissipation unit 102 takes the second core plate 6 as a symmetry plane. By constructing the two-stage shear damper 100 into a symmetrical structure, the two-stage shear damper 100 can be subjected to uniform force and uniform shaking amplitude during shaking, thereby achieving better isolation and shock absorption effects.

[0085] Fig.17 A schematic diagram showing a dual-stage shear damper 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on a coupled shear wall 12 is shown. Fig.18 The schematic diagram of the dual-stage shear damper 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on the frame 13 is shown. The dual-stage shear damper 100 and the wall surface (or frame 13) can be connected by conventional embedded plate welding or replaceable bolt connection. Under the action of an earthquake, the frame 13 and the shear wall structure are deformed, and the dual-stage shear damper 100 can play a role.

[0086] The dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional shear damper having only one yield point and being unable to dissipate energy under small earthquakes through innovative construction, especially connecting the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit in series with the metal energy dissipation unit or the friction energy dissipation unit. When the structure is deformed under the action of an earthquake, the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit is first stimulated to dissipate energy, thereby effectively adding the damping ratio and controlling the structural response. When the structural deformation develops to within the limit of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit, the shear limiter 4 is stimulated, so that the metal energy dissipation unit or the friction energy dissipation unit enters the working state and provides greater energy dissipation capacity. Thereby achieving the effect of controlling the acceleration and displacement response of the structure under small earthquakes and effectively homogenizing the deformation between structural layers under large earthquakes.

[0087] The two-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: First, it can be quickly replaced after an earthquake. Traditional concrete connecting beams are sheared under earthquakes and are difficult to repair after an earthquake. The two-stage shear damper 100 described in the present invention is connected through an assembled structure, which can be quickly replaced after an earthquake. The assembly here means that the two-stage shear damper 100 can be assembled on a wall, etc. Second, the industrial production efficiency is high. The two-stage shear damper 100 has a simple structure and controllable costs. Third, the two-stage performance is obvious. The two-stage shear damper 100 is connected in series with a metal yield or friction energy dissipation unit through a viscoelastic energy dissipation unit, and the two-stage stiffness can be effectively designed. Fourth, the control effect is good. It can effectively coordinate the overall deformation of the structure to be uniform, and provide a considerable additional damping ratio under small earthquakes, thereby controlling the acceleration response of the structure and ensuring that non-structural components are damaged under small earthquakes.

[0088] Reference Fig.19 and Fig. 20 , the design method of the two-stage shear damper 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention comprises: designing a simplified mechanical model of the two-stage shear damper 100 and a hysteresis curve under a reciprocating load, then the stiffness K1, K2, K3 of each stage of the two-stage shear damper 100 and the damper output corresponding to each stage can be obtained by the following formulas (1) to (5):

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] F1=δ st K1 (3)

[0092] F2=δ st K1+K2(δ se -δ st ) (4)

[0093] F3=δ st K1+K2(δ se -δ st )+K3(δ sd -δ se ) (5)

[0094] Among them, K ve is the equivalent stiffness of the second energy dissipation unit 102 (eg, viscoelastic energy dissipation unit), K sy is the elastic stiffness of the first energy dissipation unit 101 (eg, a metal yield unit), K syy is the secondary stiffness of the first energy dissipation unit 101 (e.g., metal yield unit), δ stK is the allowable deformation range of the second energy dissipation unit 102 (e.g., viscoelastic energy dissipation unit), that is, the design displacement of the structure under frequent earthquake action, st is the elastic stiffness of the shear limiter 4, δ se is the deformation corresponding to the yielding of the first energy dissipation unit 101 (for example, a metal yielding energy dissipation unit), δ sd is the design displacement of the damper considering the structure is subjected to rare earthquake action.

[0095] The two-stage shear damper 100 designed by the design method of the above-mentioned two-stage shear damper 100 overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional shear damper having only one yield point and being unable to dissipate energy under small earthquakes through innovative structure, especially connecting the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit in series with the metal energy dissipation unit or the friction energy dissipation unit. When the structure deforms under the action of an earthquake, the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit is first stimulated to dissipate energy, thereby effectively adding a damping ratio and controlling the structural response. When the structural deformation develops to within the limit of the viscoelastic energy dissipation unit, the shear limiter 4 is stimulated, so that the metal energy dissipation unit or the friction energy dissipation unit enters the working state and provides greater energy dissipation capacity. Thereby achieving the effect of controlling the acceleration and displacement response of the structure under small earthquakes and effectively homogenizing the deformation between structural layers under large earthquakes.

[0096] Other structures and operations of the dual-stage shear damper 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

[0097] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0098] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present invention, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. In the description of the present invention, a first feature "above", "above" and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A two-stage shear damper, characterized in that: include: The first energy consumption unit; A second energy consuming unit, wherein the second energy consuming unit is connected in series with the first energy consuming unit in an axial direction, wherein the axial direction is the length direction of the two-stage shear damper, and the second energy consuming unit comprises: The second core board; An outer cover plate, the outer cover plate being arranged on at least one side of the second core plate in a thickness direction; a viscoelastic material layer, the viscoelastic material layer being disposed between the second core plate and the outer cover plate; An axial limiter, which is connected to the second core plate and is arranged perpendicular to the outer cover plate to axially limit the second energy consumption unit; A shear limiter, wherein the shear limiter is located at two sides of the outer cover plate in the width direction and is spaced apart from the outer cover plate to limit the deformation range of the second energy consuming unit; The outer cover plate is formed with a matching groove that penetrates the outer cover plate in the thickness direction, and the axial stopper is welded to the second core plate and can move in the matching groove; The second energy consumption unit is arranged on at least one side of the first energy consumption unit along the axial direction, or the second energy consumption unit is arranged in the first energy consumption unit.

2. The dual-stage shear damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscoelastic material layer is bonded to the second core plate and the outer cover plate respectively.

3. The dual-stage shear damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The viscoelastic material layer is a high damping material layer, and both ends of the viscoelastic material layer along the axial direction do not exceed the outer cover plate.

4. The dual-stage shear damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second core plate includes at least one. When the second core plate includes multiple ones, the viscoelastic material layer is arranged between two adjacent second core plates. The second energy dissipation unit also includes: a second connecting plate, which is arranged on one side of the second energy dissipation unit along the axial direction and connected to the outer cover plate.

5. The dual-stage shear damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first energy consumption unit is a metal energy consumption unit or a friction energy consumption unit, and the first energy consumption unit includes: A first core plate, wherein the first core plate is connected to the second core plate by welding; A stiffening rib, wherein the stiffening rib is provided on at least one side of the first core plate along the thickness direction; A flange, the flange being arranged at an edge of at least one side of the first core plate in a width direction and connected to the stiffening rib; A first connecting plate is connected to the first core plate and the flange respectively.

6. The dual-stage shear damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shear limiter comprises a limiter plate, and the limiter plate is connected to the flange by welding; or the limiter plate and the flange are an integral structural member.

7. The dual-stage shear damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two-stage shear type damper is configured into a structure symmetrical in the thickness direction.

8. A design method for a dual-stage shear damper according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The simplified mechanical model of the two-stage shear damper and the hysteresis curve under reciprocating load are designed. The stiffness of each stage of the two-stage shear damper is K 1, K 2, K 3 and the corresponding damper output at each stage can be obtained from the following equations (1) to (5): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Among them, Kve is the equivalent stiffness of the second energy absorption unit, Ksy is the elastic stiffness of the first energy absorption unit, Ksyy is the secondary stiffness of the first energy absorption unit, δst is the allowable deformation range of the second energy absorption unit, that is, the design displacement considering the structure under frequent earthquakes, Kst is the elastic stiffness of the shear limiter, δse is the deformation corresponding to the yield of the first energy absorption unit, and δsd is the design displacement of the damper considering the structure under rare earthquakes.

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