A device and method for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure.

Abstract

This invention relates to an apparatus and method for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure. It addresses the limitations in the design, application, and promotion of soil slope protection structures in cold-region water conservancy projects. The protective structure displacement testing device is installed directly above a soil slope subsurface uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device to test the displacement of the soil slope protection structure. The method involves: rotating the second lead screw clockwise; when the innermost ring rises to a set limit, it lifts the second ring until the cumulative lifting height reaches the preset subsurface uneven frost heave deformation, thus simulating frost heave deformation; rotating the second lead screw counterclockwise resets the ring, simulating thaw settlement deformation; and using a three-dimensional topographic surveying system to test the displacement of the protective structure during the uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation process. This invention is used for measuring allowable normal frost heave displacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device and method for allowing normal frost heave displacement, specifically to a device and method for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure, belonging to the field of frost damage prevention of soil slope protection structures in water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] Frost damage to soil slope protection structures in cold regions is mainly caused by excessive displacement of the protection structure due to uneven frost heave of the foundation soil. To avoid frost damage, the allowable normal frost heave displacement is selected as a control index in the frost-resistant design of hydraulic structures in cold regions. The allowable normal frost heave displacement value refers to the allowable value at which the protection structure does not produce cumulative residual displacement under the action of frost heave and thaw settlement of the foundation soil. That is, when the normal frost heave displacement of the foundation soil does not exceed this value, the protection structure can meet the design and normal use requirements. The current anti-freezing design code specifies the allowable normal frost heave displacement values ​​for concrete, masonry, and asphalt concrete. The values ​​are proposed based on the results of engineering observations in various parts of northern my country.

[0003] With the advancement and development of water conservancy technology, new slope protection structures such as cemented soil, concrete articulated blocks, and Reynolds pads are constantly emerging. However, there are no established standards for the allowable normal frost heave displacement of these structures. Moreover, under current laboratory conditions, there is no method to test the allowable normal frost heave displacement of soil slope protection structures. These factors limit the design, application, and promotion of new soil slope protection structures in cold-region water conservancy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the limitation on the design, application, and promotion of soil slope protection structures in cold-region water conservancy projects due to the lack of current laboratory methods and apparatus for testing the permissible normal frost heave displacement of soil slope protection structures. Therefore, this invention provides an apparatus and method for testing the permissible normal frost heave displacement of soil slope protection structures.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a device for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure, comprising a soil slope base soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device and a protection structure displacement testing device A. The protection structure displacement testing device A is installed directly above the soil slope base soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device and is used to test the displacement of the soil slope protection structure. The soil slope base soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device includes a support plate, a bracket, a tray tilt adjustment component, a ring frame, multiple ring protrusion components, and a ring protrusion lifting control component. The support plate is a rectangular tray, and the upper part of the bracket is eccentrically rotated and mounted on the length of the support plate. At both ends of the direction, the pallet tilt adjustment component is installed on the bracket, and the lifting part of the pallet tilt adjustment component is connected to the lower end face of the pallet in the length direction. The ring frame is installed inside the pallet. The ring frame is composed of multiple ring bodies that are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside. Multiple ring protrusion components are installed on the lower end face of each ring body. Adjacent ring protrusion components installed on the same ring body are arranged axially symmetrically. Multiple ring protrusion components on the lower end face of the ring frame are staggered. The ring protrusion lifting control component is installed below the pallet and is connected to the innermost ring body. Through the step-by-step driving of the ring protrusion components, the ring frame forms a ring hill shape.

[0006] This invention also provides a method for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a device for measuring the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure, which includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Fill the groove of the pallet with 20cm of slope foundation soil according to the designed moisture content and dry density;

[0008] Step 2: Adjust the pallet tilt adjustment component to adjust the pallet to the designed tilt angle according to the slope ratio;

[0009] Step 3: Lay the slope protection structure on the slope foundation soil according to the design requirements;

[0010] Step 4: Activate the protective structure displacement testing device on the frame directly above the soil slope uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device to measure and obtain the three-dimensional topographic parameters of the slope protection structure.

[0011] Step 5: Adjust the distance between the four limiting bolts fixed on each ring body and the lower end face of the ring body according to the frost heave level of the foundation soil.

[0012] Step Six: Rotate the second lead screw clockwise using the handle on the second lead screw. The second lead screw will sequentially drive the nut mounting seat, the two sets of support rods, and the innermost ring body. When the innermost ring body rises to the set limit, it will drive the second ring body fitted on the innermost ring body to rise. Continue in this manner until the cumulative lifting height reaches the preset uneven frost heave deformation of the foundation soil, thus completing the simulation of uneven frost heave deformation of the foundation soil.

[0013] Step 7: By rotating the second lead screw counterclockwise, the nut mounting seat, two sets of support rods and ring frame are driven in sequence. The ring frame gradually returns to its original position from the outside to the inside, thus simulating the non-uniform melting and settling deformation of the foundation soil.

[0014] Step 8: Based on the test results of the three-dimensional topographic surveying system during the simulation of non-uniform frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of the foundation soil, obtain the displacement change process of the slope protection structure, with the standard being that no cumulative residual displacement is generated:

[0015] If cumulative residual displacement occurs, the frost heave deformation is an unacceptable frost heave deformation for the protective structure, and vice versa.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. This invention provides an apparatus and method for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure. It can simulate the frost heave of foundation soil for all frost heave levels (I, II, III, IV, and V) in the "Code for Design of Hydraulic Structures Against Freezing and Thawing" (GB / T 50662), and simultaneously simulate the non-uniform frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of the slope foundation soil. By accurately testing the cumulative residual displacement of the protection structure during the simulated non-uniform frost heave and thaw settlement process of the slope foundation soil, the allowable normal frost heave displacement value of the soil slope protection structure is obtained.

[0018] 2. This invention simulates the non-uniform frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of slope foundation soil at different frost heave levels, thereby accurately testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement value of soil slope protection structures. This guides the optimized design of frost heave resistance for soil slope protection structures in cold-region water conservancy projects, effectively preventing freeze-thaw damage to soil slope protection structures in cold-region water conservancy projects. Furthermore, it solves the problem of limitations and obstacles in the design, application, and promotion of existing soil slope protection structures in cold-region water conservancy projects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view, Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along AA, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the annular protrusion assembly 5 installed on the ring frame 4. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific embodiments.

[0021] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1-6This embodiment describes a device for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure. It includes a soil slope base soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device and a protection structure displacement testing device A. The protection structure displacement testing device A is installed directly above the soil slope base soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device and is used to test the displacement of the soil slope protection structure.

[0022] The device for simulating uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of soil slope foundation includes a tray 1, a support 2, a tray tilt adjustment component 3, a ring frame 4, multiple annular protrusion components 5, and an annular protrusion lifting control component 6. The tray 1 is a rectangular tray. The upper part of the support 2 is eccentrically mounted at both ends of the tray 1 along its length. The tray tilt adjustment component 3 is mounted on the support 2, and the lifting part of the tray tilt adjustment component 3 is connected to the lower end face of the tray 1 along its length. The ring frame 4 is installed inside the tray 1 and is composed of multiple annular bodies that are sequentially nested from the inside to the outside. Multiple annular protrusion components 5 are installed on the lower end face of each annular body. Adjacent annular protrusion components 5 mounted on the same annular body are arranged axially symmetrically. The multiple annular protrusion components 5 on the lower end face of the ring frame 4 are staggered. The annular protrusion lifting control component 6 is installed below the tray 1 and is connected to the innermost annular body. Through the step-by-step movement of the annular protrusion components 5, the ring frame 4 forms a ring-shaped hill.

[0023] The protective structure displacement testing device A of this embodiment includes a frame and a three-dimensional terrain measurement system. The three-dimensional terrain measurement system consists of a lateral movement component, a vertical movement component, a longitudinal movement component, a track component, a power supply component, a terrain measurement component, a comprehensive control box, a client, and system software, etc., to realize real-time, automated measurement of the displacement of the protective structure, with a measurement accuracy of ±1mm. This protective structure displacement testing device A is existing technology.

[0024] In this embodiment, the ring frame 4 is embedded in the tray 1. One end of the support rod is hinged to the innermost ring of the ring frame 4, and the other end is hinged to the screw nut assembly (referring to the nut mounting seat). There are two screw nuts, one of which is left-handed and the other is right-handed, and they are engaged with the ball screw. By rotating the ball screw (referring to the second screw), the ring frame 4 can be fed upward or returned downward. By adjusting the tray tilt adjustment assembly 3, the angle between the top tray and the frame can be adjusted to simulate the experiment of slope protection with various tilt angles.

[0025] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 1This embodiment describes a tray tilt adjustment assembly 3 comprising a first lead screw 3-1, a sliding sleeve 3-2, and a nut 3-3. The sliding sleeve 3-2 is vertically mounted on the bracket 2, and the nut 3-3 is mounted on the upper end of the sliding sleeve 3-2. One end of the first lead screw 3-1 is vertically screwed onto the nut 3-3 and then extends into the sliding sleeve 3-2. The other end of the first lead screw 3-1 is connected to the tray 1. The tilt of the tray 1 is achieved by adjusting the screwing height of the first lead screw 3-1. This configuration facilitates flexible adjustment of the tilt angle of the tray 1. Other structures and components are the same as in specific embodiment one.

[0026] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 4 This embodiment describes an annular protrusion assembly 5, which includes a connecting seat 5-1 and a bolt 5-2. The upper part of the connecting seat 5-1 is connected to the annular body, and the bolt 5-2 is screwed onto the connecting seat 5-1. This configuration is simple in structure, convenient in connection, and allows for flexible adjustment of the distance between the bolt end and the lower end face of the annular body as needed. This distance allows for adjustment of the height of the annular body's upward protrusion. Other structures and components are the same as in specific embodiments one or two.

[0027] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 4 In this embodiment, the connecting seat 5-1 is an "L"-shaped seat. This configuration allows the upper end of the vertical section of the "L"-shaped seat to connect to the lower end face of the annular body, while the horizontal section of the "L"-shaped seat facilitates bolt insertion and adjustment. Other structures and components are the same as in any of the specific embodiments one to three.

[0028] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figure 4 In this embodiment, bolt 5-2 is screwed onto the horizontal section of the "L"-shaped seat. The distances between bolt 5-2 and the lower end face of different annular bodies are equal or unequal, while multiple bolts 5-2 on the same annular body are equidistant from the lower end face of the annular body. This arrangement connects the upper end of the vertical section of the "L"-shaped seat to the lower end face of the annular body, and facilitates bolt insertion and adjustment in the horizontal section of the "L"-shaped seat. Other structures and components are the same as in any of the specific embodiments one to three.

[0029] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6This embodiment describes the annular convex lifting control assembly 6, which includes a base 6-1, two nut mounting seats 6-2, a second lead screw 6-3, a lead screw frame 6-4, a connecting frame 6-6, and two sets of support rods 6-5. The base 6-1 is mounted on the lower end of the support plate 1. The lead screw frame 6-4 is vertically mounted on the base 6-1, and the second lead screw 6-3 is horizontally mounted on the lead screw frame 6-4. The two nut mounting seats 6-2 are respectively mounted on the second lead screws 6-3 on the left and right sides of the lead screw frame 6-4. Each set of support rods 6-5 includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. One end of the upper support rod is rotatably mounted on the upper part of a nut mounting seat 6-2, and the other end is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 6-6 located at the lower end of the annular body. One end of the lower support rod is rotatably mounted on the lower part of a nut mounting seat 6-2, and the other end is rotatably mounted on the base 6-1. The two sets of support rods 6-5 are symmetrically arranged relative to the lead screw frame 6-4. This arrangement facilitates flexible adjustment of the height of the annular convex frame. Other structures and compositions are the same as any one of the specific embodiments one to five.

[0030] This invention uses a ball screw for high positioning accuracy and labor saving.

[0031] In this invention, the top support plate 1 has a protruding shaft head on each side, and the shaft head sits in the shaft seat of the bracket 2. By adjusting the lead screw, the top support plate 1 can be raised to a certain angle, which can simulate different tilt angles of soil slopes and protective structures.

[0032] This invention uses a rotating ball screw to change the angle of the support rod, causing the smallest ring to rise. After it rises to the limit height, the second ring rises, and so on.

[0033] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figure 1 In this embodiment, the second lead screw 6-3 is a lead screw with the opposite rotation direction. This arrangement facilitates the simultaneous lifting of both ends of a ring-shaped body. Other structures and components are the same as in any of the specific embodiments one to six.

[0034] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1-6 This embodiment describes the permissible normal frost heave displacement test method, which includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Fill the groove of pallet 1 with 20cm of slope foundation soil according to the designed moisture content and dry density;

[0036] Step 2: Adjust the pallet tilt adjustment component 3, and adjust the pallet 1 to the designed tilt angle according to the slope ratio;

[0037] Step 3: Lay the slope protection structure on the slope foundation soil according to the design requirements;

[0038] Step 4: Activate the protective structure displacement testing device A on the frame directly above the soil slope uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device to measure and obtain the three-dimensional topographic parameters of the slope protection structure;

[0039] Step 5: Adjust the distance between the four limiting bolts fixed on each ring body and the lower end face of the ring body according to the frost heave level of the foundation soil.

[0040] Step Six: Using the handle on the second lead screw 6-3, rotate the second lead screw 6-3 clockwise. The second lead screw 6-3 will sequentially drive the nut mounting seat 6-2, the two sets of support rods 6-5, and the innermost ring body. When the innermost ring body rises to the set limit, it will drive the second ring body fitted on the innermost ring body to rise. This process continues until the cumulative lifting height reaches the preset uneven frost heave deformation of the foundation soil, thus completing the simulation of uneven frost heave deformation of the foundation soil.

[0041] Step 7: By rotating the second lead screw 6-3 counterclockwise, the nut mounting seat 6-2, the two sets of support rods 6-5 and the ring frame 4 are driven in sequence. The ring frame 4 gradually returns to its original position from the outside to the inside, thus completing the simulation of the non-uniform melting and settling deformation of the foundation soil.

[0042] Step 8: Based on the test results of the three-dimensional topographic surveying system during the simulation of non-uniform frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of the foundation soil, obtain the displacement change process of the slope protection structure, with the standard being that no cumulative residual displacement is generated:

[0043] If cumulative residual displacement occurs, the frost heave deformation is an unacceptable frost heave deformation for the protective structure, and vice versa.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figure 1 In this embodiment, the second lead screw 6-3 and the nut mounting base 6-2 are a ball screw and a ball nut mounting base. This configuration results in high transmission accuracy. Other structures and components are the same as any one of embodiments one through eight.

Claims

1. A device for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure, characterized in that: It includes a soil slope foundation soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device and a protective structure displacement testing device (A). The protective structure displacement testing device (A) is installed directly above the soil slope foundation soil uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device and is used to test the displacement of the soil slope protective structure. The device for simulating uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of soil slope foundation soil includes a tray (1), a support (2), a tray tilt adjustment component (3), a ring frame (4), multiple ring protrusion components (5), and a ring protrusion lifting control component (6). The pallet (1) is a rectangular pallet. The upper part of the bracket (2) is eccentrically rotated and installed at both ends of the length direction of the pallet (1). The pallet tilt adjustment component (3) is installed on the bracket (2), and the lifting part of the pallet tilt adjustment component (3) is connected to the lower end face of the pallet (1) in the length direction. The ring frame (4) is installed inside the pallet (1). The ring frame (4) is made up of multiple ring bodies that are sequentially assembled from the inside to the outside. Multiple ring protrusion components (5) are installed on the lower end face of each ring body. The two adjacent ring protrusion components (5) installed on the same ring body are arranged symmetrically. The multiple ring protrusion components (5) on the lower end face of the ring frame (4) are staggered. The ring protrusion lifting control component (6) is installed below the pallet (1), and the ring protrusion lifting control component (6) is connected to the innermost ring body. Through the step-by-step driving of the ring protrusion components (5), the ring frame (4) forms a ring hill shape. The annular protrusion assembly (5) includes a connecting seat (5-1) and a bolt (5-2). The upper part of the connecting seat (5-1) is connected to the annular body, and the bolt (5-2) is screwed onto the connecting seat (5-1). The ring lifting control assembly (6) includes a base (6-1), two nut mounting seats (6-2), a second lead screw (6-3), a lead screw frame (6-4), a connecting frame (6-6), and two sets of support rods (6-5). The base (6-1) is installed at the lower end of the support plate (1), the lead screw frame (6-4) is vertically installed on the base (6-1), the second lead screw (6-3) is horizontally installed on the lead screw frame (6-4), and the two nut mounting seats (6-2) are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the lead screw frame (6-4). On the two lead screws (6-3), each set of support rods (6-5) includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. One end of the upper support rod is rotatably mounted on the upper part of a nut mounting seat (6-2), and the other end of the upper support rod is rotatably mounted on a connecting frame (6-6) located at the lower end of the ring body. One end of the lower support rod is rotatably mounted on the lower part of a nut mounting seat (6-2), and the other end of the lower support rod is rotatably mounted on a base (6-1). The two sets of support rods (6-5) are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides relative to the lead screw frame (6-4).

2. The device for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray tilt adjustment assembly (3) includes a first lead screw (3-1), a sliding sleeve (3-2), and a nut (3-3). The sliding sleeve (3-2) is vertically mounted on the bracket (2), and the nut (3-3) is mounted on the upper end of the sliding sleeve (3-2). One end of the first lead screw (3-1) is vertically screwed onto the nut (3-3) and then extends into the sliding sleeve (3-2). The other end of the first lead screw (3-1) is connected to the tray (1). The tilt of the tray (1) is achieved by adjusting the screwing height of the first lead screw (3-1).

3. The device for testing the permissible normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector (5-1) is an "L" shaped connector.

4. The device for testing the permissible normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Bolt (5-2) is screwed onto the horizontal section of the "L"-shaped seat. The distance between bolt (5-2) and the lower end face of the ring body is equal or unequal on different ring bodies. The distance between multiple bolts (5-2) on the same ring body and the lower end face of the ring body is equal.

5. The device for testing the permissible normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second lead screw (6-3) is a lead screw with the opposite rotation direction.

6. A method for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement using the apparatus for testing the allowable normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the groove of the pallet (1) with 20cm of slope foundation soil according to the designed moisture content and dry density; Step 2: Adjust the pallet tilt adjustment component (3) and adjust the pallet (1) to the designed tilt angle according to the slope ratio of the slope; Step 3: Lay the slope protection structure on the slope foundation soil according to the design requirements; Step 4: Activate the protective structure displacement testing device (A) on the frame directly above the soil slope uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation simulation device to measure and obtain the three-dimensional topographic parameters of the slope protection structure; Step 5: Adjust the distance between the four limiting bolts fixed on each ring body and the lower end face of the ring body according to the frost heave level of the foundation soil. Step 6: Using the handle on the second lead screw (6-3), rotate the second lead screw (6-3) clockwise. The second lead screw (6-3) will sequentially drive the nut mounting seat (6-2), the two sets of support rods (6-5), and the innermost ring body. When the innermost ring body rises to the set limit, it will drive the second ring body fitted on the innermost ring body to rise. This process continues until the cumulative lifting height reaches the preset uneven frost heave deformation of the foundation soil, thus completing the simulation of uneven frost heave deformation of the foundation soil. Step 7: By rotating the second lead screw (6-3) counterclockwise, the nut mounting seat (6-2), the two sets of support rods (6-5) and the ring frame (4) are driven in sequence. The ring frame (4) gradually returns to its original position from the outside to the inside, thus completing the simulation of the non-uniform melting and settling deformation of the foundation soil. Step 8: Based on the test results of the three-dimensional topographic surveying system during the simulation of non-uniform frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of the foundation soil, obtain the displacement change process of the slope protection structure, with the standard being that no cumulative residual displacement is generated: If cumulative residual displacement occurs, the frost heave deformation is an unacceptable frost heave deformation for the protective structure, and vice versa.

7. The permissible normal frost heave displacement testing method of the device for testing the permissible normal frost heave displacement of a soil slope protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second lead screw (6-3) and nut mounting seat (6-2) are ball screw and ball nut mounting seat.

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