Boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks and boron-free candle wicks

Abstract

The invention relates to a boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks, a boron-free candle wick and a candle comprising a candle wick according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method for impregnating a candle wick with an impregnation solution according to the invention.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks, a boron-free candle wick and a candle comprising a candle wick according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method for impregnating a candle wick with an impregnation solution according to the invention.

[0002] Candle wicks must inherently combine various properties. First, the wick must exhibit good burning properties but not burn too quickly. Second, the wick's bend angle must be within a specified range to produce a corresponding flame size and shape.

[0003] In order to achieve the properties described, various substances that influence the burning properties are added to the candle wick. An important component is a flame retardant to prevent too rapid burning. Substances are further used to influence other properties of the candle wick. In the present case, the interaction of all ingredients is important in order to obtain a candle wick that includes appropriate bending and favorable burning properties.

[0004] Substances comprising boron, such as boric acid, borates or borax, are known in the prior art and are used as flame retardants. Such substances result in advantageous burning properties of the candle wick. The candle wick also has an advantageous curvature.

[0005] Borates (particularly borax) can have negative health effects and are classified as harmful to reproductive health. This means that candle wicks impregnated with such substances are now undesirable.

[0006] It is therefore of interest to produce a preparation solution (also called an impregnation solution) for candle wicks which does not have the health issues and still includes the favorable burning and bending properties possessed by conventional candle wicks which include boron, particularly borates.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an impregnation solution for candle wicks and a boron-free candle wick. At the same time, another object of the present invention is to provide a candle wick with good burning properties and good bending performance.

[0008] This object is achieved by an impregnation solution according to the invention according to claim 1. The invention further relates to a boron-free candle wick according to claim 6. The invention further relates to a candle according to claim 10, comprising a candle wick according to the invention.

[0009] Another object of the invention relates to a method according to claim 12 for impregnating a candle wick using the impregnation solution according to the invention.

[0010] The present invention relates to a boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks, which comprises, preferably having

[0011] a) solvent;

[0012] b) at least one first flame retardant; and

[0013] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or a combination thereof.

[0014] The impregnation solution is also called the preparation solution.

[0015] The impregnation solution according to the invention avoids the addition of substances comprising boron, in particular borates, here in particular borax. Borates, in particular borax, are on the list of substances of particular concern.

[0016] The impregnation solution according to the invention is also environmentally friendly and eliminates harmful substances. The impregnation solution is also partially biodegradable. The boron-free impregnation solution further has a positive effect on the burning properties of the candle wick.

[0017] The solvent of the boron-free impregnation solution is preferably water. When water is used as the solvent, the solvent may include trace amounts of substances dissolved therein. Demineralized water is preferably used as the solvent.

[0018] In the boron-free impregnation solution according to the invention, at least one first flame retardant is further used. The flame retardant prevents the wick from decomposing. Decomposition is understood here as so-called smoldering, i.e. burning of the wick when the candle burns. According to the invention, the flame retardant is therefore responsible for the favorable combustion properties, wherein substances including boron and health hazards can be eliminated simultaneously.

[0019] In the sense of the present invention, flame retardants according to the invention are all flame retardants known to the person skilled in the art which are suitable for impregnation solutions in candle wicks and which do not contain boron.

[0020] The at least one first flame retardant is preferably selected from the group consisting of inorganic substances, phosphorus-containing substances, phosphates, organic phosphides, nitrogen compounds, silicic acid, and combinations thereof. The at least one flame retardant is preferably a phosphorus-containing inorganic substance.

[0021] The phosphate is preferably selected from inorganic phosphates and organic phosphates, preferably selected from dihydrogen phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, polyphosphates and / or combinations thereof, more preferably selected from diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and / or combinations thereof.

[0022] The at least one first flame retardant is particularly preferably polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate, most preferably ammonium polyphosphate.

[0023] The organic phosphide is preferably an ammonium salt of the organic phosphide.

[0024] The nitrogen compound is preferably selected from inorganic nitrogen compounds, organic nitrogen compounds and / or combinations thereof, preferably selected from inorganic nitrogen compounds.

[0025] The impregnation solution according to the present invention further comprises an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate. The inorganic sulfate is preferably selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, and the inorganic sulfate is more preferably ammonium sulfate.

[0026] The impregnation solution according to the invention preferably comprises sulphuric acid.

[0027] The impregnation solution according to the invention further preferably comprises inorganic sulfates, inorganic hydrogensulfates and / or sulfuric acid.

[0028] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks comprises, preferably consists of,

[0029] a) solvent;

[0030] b) at least one first flame retardant;

[0031] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or a combination thereof; and

[0032] d) an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate.

[0033] The boron-free impregnation solution according to the present invention further comprises at least one first additive. The first additive may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, a polymer or a combination thereof. The at least one first additive is preferably selected from ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, and the first additive is more preferably cerium nitrate.

[0034] When the first additive is a polymer, the polymer is preferably an organic polymer. The organic polymer is preferably polyethylene glycol, polyacrylate or vinyl polymer. The polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer and may include additional monomers, such as monounsaturated monomers or diunsaturated monomers (e.g. ethylene, propylene and / or butadiene).

[0035] The polymer may also be multivalent, and the polymer is preferably divalent, trivalent and / or tetravalent.

[0036] According to a further embodiment, the impregnation solution comprises a second flame retardant which may be selected from the flame retardants listed above. In this case, at least one of the first flame retardant and the second flame retardant are different from each other.

[0037] The boron-free impregnation solution preferably comprises a second additive, wherein the second additive is an inorganic nitrate, the second additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive, and the second additive is more preferably ammonium nitrate.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one first additive is cerium nitrate and the second additive is ammonium nitrate.

[0039] The impregnation solution according to the present invention further preferably comprises an additional third additive. The third additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, inorganic sulfur compounds and / or combinations thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of sulfur, organic sulfur compounds and inorganic sulfur compounds, and the third additive is more preferably sulfur.

[0040] The impregnation solution according to the invention may comprise further additives.

[0041] The proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the boron-free impregnation solution is preferably 0.1 to 20 wt %, preferably 0.1 to 10 wt %, more preferably 0.3 to 9 wt %, still more preferably 0.3 to 6.0 wt %, and still more preferably 0.4 to 4.0 wt %.

[0042] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks comprises, and preferably consists of,

[0043] a) solvent;

[0044] b) at least one first flame retardant;

[0045] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or a combination thereof; and

[0046] d) an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 9% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 4.0% by weight.

[0047] The proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is further preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, more preferably 0.15 to 3.8% by weight, and still more preferably 0.2 to 3.6% by weight.

[0048] According to another advantageous embodiment, the boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks comprises, and preferably consists of,

[0049] a) solvent;

[0050] b) at least one first flame retardant; and

[0051] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or a combination thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.1 to 10 wt %, preferably 0.1 to 4.0 wt %, and more preferably 0.2 to 3.6 wt %.

[0052] According to another advantageous embodiment, the boron-free impregnation solution for candle wicks comprises, and preferably consists of,

[0053] a) solvent;

[0054] b) at least one first flame retardant; and

[0055] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or a combination thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.1 to 10 wt %, preferably 0.1 to 4.0 wt %, and more preferably 0.2 to 3.6 wt %; and

[0056] d) an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 9% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 4.0% by weight.

[0057] Another object of the present invention relates to a boron-free candle wick, which comprises and preferably consists of the following,

[0058] a) a wick material selected from the group consisting of cotton, rayon staple fibers, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen yarn, and / or combinations thereof;

[0059] b) at least one first flame retardant; and

[0060] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or a combination thereof.

[0061] The candle wick is made of a wick material. The wick material forms the base material and is impregnated with the impregnation solution. All materials known to those skilled in the art can be considered as wick materials. The wick material is preferably selected from cotton, rayon staple fibers, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen yarn and / or combinations thereof.

[0062] Boron-free wicks are preferably obtained by impregnating a wick material with an impregnation solution according to the invention.

[0063] After drying, a boron-free candle wick is obtained which contains no water but comprises the substances present in the impregnation solution according to the invention.

[0064] The information provided above for the impregnation solution according to the invention also applies correspondingly to boron-free candle wicks.

[0065] The boron-free candle wick includes at least one first flame retardant.

[0066] Flame retardants according to the invention are all flame retardants known to the person skilled in the art which are suitable for candle wicks and which do not contain boron.

[0067] The at least one first flame retardant is preferably selected from the group consisting of inorganic phosphorus-containing substances, phosphates, organic phosphorus compounds, nitrogen compounds, silicic acid, and combinations thereof. The at least one flame retardant is preferably a phosphorus-containing inorganic substance.

[0068] The phosphate is preferably selected from inorganic phosphates and organic phosphates, preferably selected from dihydrogen phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, polyphosphates and / or combinations thereof, more preferably selected from diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and / or combinations thereof. The at least one first flame retardant is particularly preferably polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate, most preferably ammonium polyphosphate.

[0069] The organic phosphide is preferably an ammonium salt of the organic phosphide.

[0070] The nitrogen compound is preferably selected from inorganic nitrogen compounds, organic nitrogen compounds and / or combinations thereof, preferably selected from inorganic nitrogen compounds.

[0071] The candle wick according to the present invention further comprises an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate. The inorganic sulfate is preferably selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, and the inorganic sulfate is more preferably ammonium sulfate.

[0072] The candle wick according to the invention further preferably comprises an inorganic sulfate, an inorganic hydrogen sulfate and / or sulfuric acid. The candle wick preferably comprises an inorganic sulfate and / or an inorganic hydrogen sulfate.

[0073] The proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the candle wick is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight.

[0074] According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the boron-free candle wick comprises and preferably consists of,

[0075] a) a wick material selected from the group consisting of cotton, rayon staple fibers, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen yarn, and / or combinations thereof;

[0076] b) at least one first flame retardant; and

[0077] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or a combination thereof.

[0078] d) an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate.

[0079] The boron-free candle wick according to the present invention further comprises at least one first additive. The first additive may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, a polymer or a combination thereof. The at least one first additive is preferably selected from ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, and the first additive is more preferably cerium nitrate.

[0080] When the first additive is a polymer, the polymer is preferably an organic polymer. The organic polymer is preferably polyethylene glycol, polyacrylate or vinyl polymer. The polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer and may include additional monomers, such as monounsaturated monomers or diunsaturated monomers (e.g. ethylene, propylene and / or butadiene).

[0081] The polymer may also be multivalent, and the polymer is preferably divalent, trivalent and / or tetravalent.

[0082] The proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the wick is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4.0% by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight.

[0083] According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the boron-free candle wick comprises and preferably consists of,

[0084] a) a wick material selected from the group consisting of cotton, rayon, cellulose fiber, paper yarn, linen yarn and / or combinations thereof;

[0085] b) at least one first flame retardant;

[0086] c) at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or a combination thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the candle wick is 0.001 to 10 wt %, preferably 0.01 to 4.0 wt %, and more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 wt %; and

[0087] d) an inorganic sulfate (optional) selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is preferably 0.001 to 10 wt %, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt %, more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 wt %.

[0088] According to a further embodiment, the candle wick comprises a second flame retardant which may be selected from the flame retardants listed above. In this case, at least one of the first flame retardant and the second flame retardant are different from each other.

[0089] The boron-free candle wick preferably comprises a second additive, wherein the second additive is an inorganic nitrate, and the second additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive. The second additive is more preferably ammonium nitrate.

[0090] According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one first additive is cerium nitrate and the second additive is ammonium nitrate.

[0091] The candle wick according to the present invention further preferably comprises an additional third additive. The third additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, inorganic sulfur compounds and / or combinations thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of sulfur, organic sulfur compounds and inorganic sulfur compounds, and the third additive is more preferably sulfur.

[0092] The candle wick according to the invention may comprise further additives.

[0093] According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the boron-free candle wick comprises and preferably consists of,

[0094] a) a wick material selected from the group consisting of cotton, rayon staple fibers, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen yarn, and / or combinations thereof;

[0095] b) at least one first flame retardant;

[0096] c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or a combination thereof,

[0097] d) an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is preferably 0.001 to 10 wt. %, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt. %, more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 wt. %.

[0098] The candle wick according to the present invention may also additionally include candle wick wax. The candle wick wax is evenly applied to the outside of the candle wick after dipping and drying the candle wick.

[0099] The invention further relates to a candle comprising a candle wick according to the invention.

[0100] The information provided above for the impregnation solution according to the invention and the candle wick according to the invention also applies correspondingly to the candle according to the invention, if applicable.

[0101] A candle in the sense of the present invention is the candle material including the wick.

[0102] Candle materials in the sense of the present invention are substances used as the main combustion material in candles. Candle materials are selected from the group consisting of paraffin wax, stearin of animal and / or plant origin, beeswax, palm wax, soy wax, fats of animal or plant origin and / or combinations thereof. Thus, the candle according to the present invention can be made from various candle materials.

[0103] The candle according to the present invention may further include additives, such as fragrances, dyes and / or combinations thereof.

[0104] The candle may have any shape known to the person skilled in the art, in particular a tea light candle, a pillar or a taper candle.

[0105] The candle wick according to the invention is selected depending on the candle material used. The burning properties and the angle of bend of the candle wick result from the interaction with the specific candle material selected.

[0106] The invention further relates to a method for impregnating a candle wick with an impregnation solution, comprising the steps of

[0107] a) passing the candle wick through the impregnation solution at a speed of at least 100 m / min, preferably at least 140 m / min, more preferably at least 180 m / min, wherein the residence time of the candle wick in the impregnation solution is at least 0.5 seconds, preferably at least 0.7 seconds, more preferably at least 0.8 seconds;

[0108] b) Wind the impregnated wick onto a drying apparatus.

[0109] By means of the method according to the invention, a wide variety of candle wick materials can be adequately impregnated with the impregnation solution.

[0110] The method according to the invention allows the candle wick to stay in the impregnation solution for a longer time. As a result, the impregnation solution can better penetrate into the candle wick and achieve better burning properties. The method according to the invention also makes it easier to prepare (ie, impregnate) the candle wick.

[0111] The throughput speed in step a) is further preferably a maximum of 250 m / min, preferably a maximum of 225 m / min, more preferably a maximum of 200 m / min. The throughput speed is preferably 190 m / min.

[0112] The tension of the candle wick in step a) is preferably 0.1 kg to 3.0 kg, more preferably 0.5 kg to 2.5 kg, and still more preferably 1.0 kg to 2.0 kg.

[0113] The relative humidity in step b) is preferably between 5% and 25%, preferably between 10% and 20% and more preferably between 10% and 15%.

[0114] The duration of drying in step b) is at least 1 hour, preferably at least 1.5 hours, more preferably at least 2 hours.

[0115] The candle wick is preferably waxed after the drying step c). This ensures that the candle wick can be introduced into the candle material during the production of the candle and that it is immediately supplied with wax during lighting.

[0116] A further step may also be performed before step a). In said upstream step, the candle wick is braided.

[0117] If the candle wick is not waxed directly after the drying step c), the prepared and dried candle wick is wound around a device, preferably a paper sleeve, after the drying step c).

[0118] According to a preferred embodiment, an impregnation solution according to the invention is used in step a).The information provided above regarding the impregnation solution according to the invention also applies to said preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention.

[0119] The invention further relates to a method for impregnating a candle wick with an impregnation solution according to the invention, comprising the steps of

[0120] a) passing the candle wick through the impregnation solution according to the present invention at a speed of at least 100 m / min, preferably at least 140 m / min, more preferably at least 180 m / min, wherein the residence time of the candle wick in the impregnation solution is at least 0.5 seconds, preferably at least 0.7 seconds, more preferably at least 0.8 seconds;

[0121] b) Wind the impregnated wick onto a drying apparatus.

[0122] By means of the method according to the invention, a wide variety of candle wick materials can be adequately impregnated with the impregnation solution.

[0123] The method according to the invention allows the candle wick to stay in the impregnation solution for a longer time. As a result, the impregnation solution can better penetrate into the candle wick and achieve better burning properties. The method according to the invention also makes it easier to prepare (ie, impregnate) the candle wick.

[0124] The throughput speed in step a) is further preferably a maximum of 250 m / min, preferably a maximum of 225 m / min, more preferably a maximum of 200 m / min. The throughput speed is preferably 190 m / min.

[0125] The tension of the candle wick in step a) is preferably 0.1 kg to 3.0 kg, more preferably 0.5 kg to 2.5 kg, and still more preferably 1.0 kg to 2.0 kg.

[0126] The relative humidity in step b) is preferably between 5% and 25%, preferably between 10% and 20% and more preferably between 10% and 15%.

[0127] The duration of drying in step b) is at least 1 hour, preferably at least 1.5 hours, more preferably at least 2 hours.

[0128] The candle wick is preferably waxed after the drying step c). This ensures that the candle wick can be introduced into the candle material during the production of the candle and that it is immediately supplied with wax during lighting.

[0129] A further step may also be performed before step a). In said upstream step, the candle wick is braided.

[0130] If the candle wick is not waxed directly after the drying step c), the prepared and dried candle wick is wound around a device, preferably a paper sleeve, after the drying step c).

[0131] According to a preferred embodiment, an impregnation solution according to the invention is used in step a).The information provided above regarding the impregnation solution according to the invention also applies to said preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention.

[0132] Further advantages of the invention are found in the following description of preferred embodiment examples, which are in no way limiting.All embodiments of the invention can be combined with one another within the scope of the invention.

[0133] Example of embodiment

[0134] Material

[0135] Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate were purchased from VWR (Germany).

[0136] Cerium nitrate was purchased from Thermofisher (Belgium).

[0137] Exolit AP420 and Exolit 855 were purchased from Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH.

[0138] BYK-154 was purchased from Krahn Chemie Deutschland GmbH.

[0139] EUCAM-Textil was purchased from Endotherm Brandschutz (Saarbrücken, Germany).

[0140] Testing Process

[0141] Eight impregnation solutions according to the present invention were prepared, and their compositions are shown in Table 1. All impregnation solutions were aqueous solutions.

[0142] Table 1: Boron-free impregnation solutions for candle wicks

[0143] substance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 water 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g 250.0g Exolit AP420 2.0g 2.0g 2.0g 2.0g 2.0g 2.0g -- -- -- Ammonium Nitrate 10.0g 7.0g 1.5g 10.0g 10.0g 10.0g -- -- -- Ammonium sulfate 10.0g 7.0g 1.5g 5.0g 5.0g 7.5g -- -- -- Cerium nitrate 2.0g 1.0g 0.5g 10.0g 1.3g 1.0g -- 4.1g -- EUCAM-Textil -- -- -- -- -- -- 150.0g 312.5g -- BYK-154 -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0g 4.1g -- <![CDATA[MgSO4*7H2O]]> -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0g 4.1g -- Exolit 855 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20.0g

[0144] The candle wick material was dipped into the impregnation solution according to the invention for about 1 second and then wiped off manually. The candle wick was then dried overnight while hanging at room temperature.

[0145] Heat the candle wick wax to 90°C and stir once the wax is completely melted. Dip the candle wick in for about 2 seconds until no more bubbles appear. Wipe off excess wax manually.

[0146] The resulting candle wick is then inserted into the candle blank and cut straight off with the projection.

[0147] Candle wicks prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 1 were inserted into tea light candle blanks made of paraffin wax and tea light candle blanks made of a mixture of paraffin wax and palm wax.

[0148] A wick prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 2 was inserted into a tea light candle blank made of paraffin wax.

[0149] A wick prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 3 and made from unbleached wick yarn was inserted into a tea light candle blank made from paraffin wax.

[0150] A candle wick prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 4 was inserted into a scented candle blank made of paraffin wax and having a 10% fragrance content.

[0151] A candle wick prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 5 was inserted into a pillar candle blank made of paraffin wax.

[0152] Candle wicks prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 6 were inserted into pillar candle blanks made of paraffin wax and into tapered candle blanks made of paraffin wax.

[0153] A wick prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 7 was inserted into a pillar candle blank made of hard fat.

[0154] Candle wicks prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 8 were inserted into pillar candle blanks made of stearin and pillar candle blanks having a mixture of stearin and palm wax.

[0155] Wicks prepared using the impregnation solution according to Example 9 were inserted into candles made from a mixture of various natural waxes in glass.

[0156] A combustion test was carried out on all candle wicks according to Examples 1 to 9 impregnated with the impregnation solution according to the invention.

[0157] For the fire tests, the ambient temperature was at least 15°C and there was no air flow.

[0158] Check the burning performance and bending of the candle wick 1 hour after lighting.

[0159] All wicks have good burning properties and comply with the requirements of RAL-GZ 041. The wicks emerge straight from the wax and have a bend between 45° and 90°.

Claims

1. A boron-free candle wick comprising a) Wick material, The candle wick material is selected from cotton, rayon, cellulose fiber, paper yarn, linen yarn and / or combinations thereof; b) at least one first flame retardant, said first flame retardant being polyphosphoric acid and / or a polyphosphate; and c) at least one first additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or a combination thereof, wherein, The proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the wick is 0.001 to 4.0% by weight.

2. The boron-free candle wick according to claim 1, in, The at least one first additive is ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate; and / or wherein at least one first additive is an organic polymer; and / or The ratio of the first additive to the total amount of the candle wick is 0.01 to 4.0 weight %.

3. The boron-free candle wick according to claim 2, wherein: The proportion of the first additive relative to the total amount of the wick is 0.1 to 2.5% by weight.

4. The boron-free candle wick according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising The second additive, in, The second additive is an inorganic nitrate, and the second additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive; and / or Wherein, the second additive is ammonium nitrate, and wherein the second additive is different from the first additive.

5. The boron-free candle wick according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The boron-free candle wick includes an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate.

6. The boron-free candle wick according to claim 5, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the candle wick is 0.001 to 10% by weight.

7. The boron-free candle wick according to claim 5, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the candle wick is 0.01 to 5% by weight.

8. The boron-free candle wick according to claim 5, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the candle wick is 0.1 to 2.5 wt%.

9. The boron-free candle wick of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one first flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate.

10. A candle comprising a candle wick according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The candle according to claim 10, wherein: The candles are made from paraffin wax, stearin of animal and / or vegetable origin, beeswax, palm wax, soy wax, fats of animal or vegetable origin and / or combinations thereof.

12. A method for impregnating a candle wick with a boron-free impregnation solution, wherein the impregnation solution comprises a solvent, at least one first flame retardant and at least one first additive, wherein the first flame retardant is polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate, and the first additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or a combination thereof, the method comprising the steps of: a) passing the candle wick through the impregnation solution at a speed of at least 100 m / min, wherein the residence time of the candle wick in the impregnation solution is at least 0.5 seconds; b) Winding the impregnated candle wick onto a drying device, in, The proportion of the first additive of the impregnation solution without boron is 0.1 to 10 wt % relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the candle wick is passed through the impregnation solution at a speed of 140 m / min.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the wick is passed through the impregnation solution at a speed of 180 m / min.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the residence time of the candle wick in the impregnation solution is greater than 0.7 seconds.

16. The method according to claim 12, wherein the residence time of the candle wick in the impregnation solution is greater than 0.8 seconds.

17. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The proportion of the first additive of the impregnation solution without boron is 0.1 to 4.0 wt % relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution.

18. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The proportion of the first additive of the impregnation solution without boron is 0.2 to 3.6 wt % relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution.

19. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The relative humidity in step b) is between 5% and 25%.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The relative humidity in step b) is between 10% and 20%.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The relative humidity in step b) is between 10% and 15%.

22. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, in, The at least one first additive of the boron-free impregnation solution is ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate; and / or wherein the at least one first additive of the boron-free impregnation solution is an organic polymer; and / or The solvent of the boron-free impregnation solution is water.

23. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, in, The boron-free impregnation solution includes a second additive, wherein the second additive to the boron-free impregnation solution is an inorganic nitrate, and the second additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive; and / or Therein, a second additive to the boron-free impregnation solution is ammonium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive.

24. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, wherein: The boron-free impregnation solution includes an inorganic sulfate salt selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.1 to 20% by weight.

26. The method according to claim 24, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.3 to 9% by weight.

27. The method according to claim 24, wherein the proportion of the inorganic sulfate relative to the total amount of the impregnation solution is 0.4 to 4.0 wt%.

28. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, wherein: The at least one first flame retardant of the boron-free impregnation solution is ammonium polyphosphate.